Republic of the Philippines

11
Department of Education
Region v
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON
GUBAT NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

STATISTICS and PROBABILITY

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 5
Finding the Mean and the Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means
Student’s Name: ___________________________________________ Grade and Section:_____________________
Date Received:_________________________ Date Submitted: ________________________
I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT:
This lesson introduces the concepts of using a sample statistic to estimate the population parameter. With
these, you will study the process of computing the mean, the variance, and the standard deviation of a sampling
distribution of a sample statistic (emphasis on the sample mean, 𝑋̅).
II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM MELCs:
• identify sampling distribution of statistics (sample means) (M11/12SP-IIId-4), and
• find the mean and the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means
(M11/12SP-IIId-5)
III. ACTIVITIES:
A. Let Us Review:
Let us recall the concepts that will be used in this lesson.
Concept 1: Mean of Ungrouped Data
Recall that the mean (𝝁) of ungrouped data is computed using this formula:
∑𝑋
𝜇=
𝑁
where:
𝜇 is the mean
𝑋 is the score or value
𝑁 is the number of scores or values.
Concept 1 Example:
Find the mean of the set of data: 𝑋 = { 2, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13 }.
∑ 𝑿 2 + 5 + 6 + 9 + 11 + 13 46
𝝁= = = 𝑜𝑟 7.667
𝑵 6 6
Concept 2: Variance and Standard Deviation of Ungrouped Data
Recall that the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of ungrouped data are computed by using
the formulas
∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2
𝜎2 = −( ) and 𝜎=√ −( ) , respectively
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
where:
𝜎 2 is the variance
𝜎 is the standard deviation
𝑋 is the score or value
𝑁 is the number of scores or values.
Concept 2 Example:
Given the set of data: 𝑋 = { 2, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13 }, complete the corresponding table and compute for the
variance and the standard deviation.
Solution:
𝑿 𝑿𝟐 Variance: Standard Deviation:
2 4 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2
𝜎2 = −( 𝑁 ) ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2
5 25 𝑁 𝜎2 = √ −(𝑁)
𝑁
6 36
9 81 436 46 2
𝜎2 = −( ) 436 46 2
11 121 6 6 𝜎2 = √ −( )
13 169 6 6
𝜎 2 = 13.889
46 436
𝜎 2 = 3.727
Concept 3: Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution
Recall that the mean (𝛍), also known as the expected value 𝑬(𝑿) of a discrete probability distribution is
computed using the formula presented below
𝜇 = 𝐸 (𝑋) = ∑[𝑋 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)]
Whereas, the formula for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of a discrete probability
distribution are computed by using the formulas presented below

𝜎 2 = ∑[(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] and 𝜎 = √[∑(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)], respectively

1
 where:
𝜇 is the mean or expected value
𝐸(𝑋) is the expected value
𝑋 is the score or value
𝑃(𝑋) is the probability value of the random variable
𝜎 2 is the variance
𝜎 is the standard deviation.

Concept 3 Example:
Find the mean or the expected value, the variance, and the standard deviation of the given probability
distribution below.
𝑿 0 2 4 5 6
𝑷(𝑿) 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.30 0.20

Solution:
Construct the probability distribution as follows.
𝑿 𝑷(𝑿) 𝑿 ∙ 𝑷(𝑿) 𝑿−𝝁 (𝑿 − 𝝁)𝟐 (𝑿 − 𝝁)𝟐 ∙ 𝑷(𝑿)
0 0.10 0 −4 16 1.6
2 0.15 0.3 −2 4 0.6
4 0.25 1 0 0 0
5 0.30 1.5 1 1 0.3
6 0.20 1.2 2 4 0.8
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 1 4 3.3

Mean: Variance: Standard Deviation:

𝜇 = 𝐸 (𝑋) = ∑[𝑋 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] 𝜎 2 = ∑[(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] 𝜎 = √∑[(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)]

𝜇 = 𝐸(𝑋) = 4 𝜎 = √3.3
𝜎 2 = 3.300 𝜎 = 1.817

B. Let Us Study
A sampling distribution is a probability distribution of a statistic that is obtained by drawing a large
number of samples from a specific population. Researchers use sampling distributions in order to simplify the
process of statistical inference.
Let’s imagine that our population of interest is comprised of a hat filled with raffle tickets. Each raffle
ticket has a number printed on it, one through five.
For that population, we could calculate standard parameters such as the population mean or the
population standard deviation. We could instead create our own parameters to investigate such as examining
the proportion of the raffle tickets that have odd numbers printed on them.
But in reality, researchers are not always able to find their population parameter of interest with
confidence. When this is the case, the researchers must estimate.
In order to estimate a population parameter, researchers take a sample of size 𝑛 from the population of
interest 𝑁. They can now calculate a statistic from the sample that can be used to estimate the parameter.
However, because the sample being used is truly random, the researchers must note that the statistic
calculated for the specific sample might not be exactly the same as the original unknown parameter of interest.
The distribution that the researchers are inquiring about here is known as the sampling distribution.

CONSTRUCTING A SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS

Step 1: Identify the population size (𝑁) and the sample size(𝑛).
Step 2: Compute for the number of possible samples that can be drawn from the population using the
𝑁!
formula for combination 𝑁 𝐶𝑛 = (𝑁−𝑛)!𝑛! .
Step 3: Construct the sampling distribution table by listing the samples and their corresponding sample
means (𝑋̅).
Step 4: Construct the probability distribution of the sample means by listing the distinct sample means
(𝑋̅) and their corresponding probabilities 𝑃(𝑋̅).
Example: Construct a sampling distribution table of the sample means for the set of data below.
86 88 90 95 98
Consider a sample size of 3 that can be drawn from the population.
Step 1: 𝑁 = 5; 𝑛 = 3
5!
Step 2: 5 𝐶3 = (5−3)!3!
5!
5 𝐶3 =
2! 3!
5∙4∙3∙2∙1
5 𝐶3 =
2∙1∙3∙2∙1
5 𝐶3 = 10

So, there are 10 possible samples to be drawn.

2
Step 3: Step 4:
SAMPLE MEAN FREQUENCY PROBABILITY
SAMPLES ̅)
SAMPLE MEAN (𝑿 ̅) (𝒇) ̅)
(𝑿 𝑷(𝑿
1
86, 88, 90 88.00 88.00 1 or 0.1
10
1
86, 90, 95 89.67 89.67 1 or 0.1
10
1 1
86, 90, 98 90.67 90.33 or 0.1
10
1
90.67 1 or 0.1
86, 90, 95 90.33 10
1
91.00 1 or 0.1
86, 90, 98 91.33 10
1 1
91.33 or 0.1
86, 95, 98 93.00 10
1
92.00 1 or 0.1
88, 90, 95 91.00 10
1 1
93.00 or 0.1
88, 90, 98 92.00 10
1 1
93.67 or 0.1
88, 95, 98 93.67 10
1
94.33 1 or 0.1
10
90, 95, 98 94.33
𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 10 1
1
Observe that all the sample means appeared only once, thus their probability is 𝑃(𝑋̅) = 10 𝑜𝑟 0.1.

Example: Given the sample means of 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, construct a sampling distribution of the sample means
when a sample size of 2 is drawn from this population.

Step 1: 𝑁 = 5; 𝑛 = 2 Step 3:
5! SAMPLES ̅)
SAMPLE MEAN (𝑿
Step 2: 5 𝐶2 = (5−2)!2! 5, 6 5.5
5! 5, 7 6
5 𝐶2 =
3! 2! 5, 8 6.5
5∙4∙3∙2∙1 5, 9 7
5 𝐶2 =
3∙2∙1∙2∙1 6, 7 6.5
5 𝐶2 = 10 6, 8 7
6, 9 7.5
So, there are 10 possible samples to be drawn.
7, 8 7.5
7, 9 8
8, 9 8.5
Step 4:
̅)
SAMPLE MEAN (𝑿 FREQUENCY (𝒇) ̅)
PROBABILITY 𝑷(𝑿
1
5.5 1 𝑜𝑟 0.1
10
1
6 1 𝑜𝑟 0.1
10
2
6.5 2 𝑜𝑟 0.2
10
2
7 2 𝑜𝑟 0.2
10
2
7.5 2 𝑜𝑟 0.2
10
1
8 1 𝑜𝑟 0.1
10
1
8.5 1 𝑜𝑟 0.1
10
𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 10 1
1
Observe that 5.5, 6, 8 and 8.5 appeared only once, thus their probability is 𝑃(𝑋̅) = 10 𝑜𝑟 0.1. Since
2
6.5, 7 and 7.5 appeared twice, their probability is 𝑃(𝑋̅) = 10 𝑜𝑟 0.2.
COMPUTING THE MEAN AND VARIANCE OF THE SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS
Step 1: Compute the mean of the population (𝝁).
Step 2: Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means (𝝁𝑿̅ ).
Step 3: Compare 𝝁 and 𝝁𝑿̅ .
Step 4: Solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of the population.
Step 5: Solve the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the sampling distribution of the sample
means.
Example 1:
The following table gives the sum of tutorial rate of six teachers in Central Luzon per month. Suppose
that random samples of size 4 are taken from this population of six teachers, compute the mean, the variance,
and the standard deviation of the given data.
Teacher A B C D E F
Tutorial Rate
8 12 16 20 24 28
(in thousand pesos) 𝑿
3
Solution:
Step 1: The population mean 𝝁 is solved as follows.
∑𝑋 8+12+16+20+24+28 108
𝜇= = = = 18
𝑁 6 6
Therefore, the population mean of the tutorial rates of the select teachers in Central Luzon is 18
thousand pesos per month.
Step 2: Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means.
𝑁 = 6; 𝑛 = 4
6! 6! 6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
6 𝐶4 = = = = 15
(6 − 4)! 4! 2! 4! 2 ∙ 1 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
Sample Mean ̅ 𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 ̅ ∙ 𝑷(𝑿
̅)
Possible Sample 𝑿
(𝒇) ̅) 𝑿
̅)
(𝑿 𝑷(𝑿
1 14
8, 12, 16, 20 14 14 1
15 15
8, 12, 16, 24 15 1 15
8, 12, 16, 28 16 15 1
15 15
8, 12, 20, 24 16 2 32
16 2
8, 12, 20, 28 17 15 15
2 34
8, 12, 24, 28 18 17 2
15 15
8, 16, 20, 24 17 3 54
8, 16, 20, 28 18 18 3
15 15
8, 16, 24, 28 19 2 38
19 2
8, 20, 24, 28 20 15 15
2 40
12, 16, 20, 24 18 20 2
15 15
12, 16, 20, 28 19 1 21
12, 16, 24, 28 20 21 1
15 15
12, 20, 24, 28 21 1 22
22 1
16, 20, 24, 28 22 15 15
270
270 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 15 1 = 18
15
𝜇𝑋̅ = ∑[𝑋̅ ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)] = = 18.
15
Therefore, the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means is 18.
Step 3: The population mean (𝝁) is 18 and the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means
(𝝁𝑿̅ ) is 18. Therefore, 𝝁 = 𝝁𝑿̅ .
Step 4: To solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of the population, the given table
below will be utilized.
𝑿 𝑿𝟐 Variance: Standard Deviation:
8 64 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2
12 144 𝜎2 = −( 𝑁 ) 𝜎=√ −( )
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
16 256
20 400 2224 108 2 2224 108 2
𝜎 = 2
−( ) 𝜎=√ −( )
24 576 6 6 6 6
28 784 𝜎 = √46.667
𝜎 2 = 46.667
108 2 224 𝜎 = 6.831

Step 5: To solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the sampling distribution of the
sample means.
NOTE: The following formula will be utilized to solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the
sampling distribution of the sample means.

𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = ∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)] and 𝝈𝑿̅ = √∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)] , respectively
where:
𝜎𝑋2̅ is the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means
𝜎𝑋̅ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample means
𝑋̅ is the sample mean
𝑃(𝑋̅) is the probability value of the sample mean
𝜇𝑋̅ is the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means.
̅
𝑿 ̅)
𝑷(𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅
𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅ )𝟐
(𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅ )𝟐 ∙ 𝑷(𝑿
(𝑿 ̅) Variance:
1
14 15
−4 16 1.067
15
1
−3 9 0.600 𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = ∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋
̅ )]
15
2
16 −2 4 0.533
15
2
𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = 4.666
17 15
−1 1 0.133
3
18 0 0 0.000 Standard Deviation:
15
2
19 15
1 1 0.133
2
20 2 4 0.533 𝝈𝑿̅ = √∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃 (𝑋
̅ )]
15
1
21 15
3 9 0.600
1 𝝈𝑿̅ = √4.666
22 15
4 16 1.067
𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 1 4.666 𝝈𝑿̅ = 2.160

4
 The variance of the population is 46.667 and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means
is 4.666. The standard deviation of the population is 6.831 and standard deviation of the sampling distribution
of the sample means is 2.160. Therefore, 𝜎 2 ≠ 𝜎𝑋2̅ .
C. Let Us Practice
Directions: With the given problem below, complete the tables and the solutions to have a complete and full
discussion of computing the mean, the variance, and the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of
sample means. On your answer sheets, copy and answer the problem with complete tables and solutions.

PROBLEM
A group of ABM students in Gubat National High School planned to have an online business as part
of their Applied Subject, Entrepreneurship. Their shares are ₱2 000.00, ₱3 000.00, ₱4 000.00, ₱5 000.00
and ₱6 000.00. A sample size of 2 is to be taken from this population as part of their market analysis.

TASK:
Complete the following tasks to help the ABM students in their market analysis.
A. Compute the mean of the population (𝝁).
B. Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means (𝝁𝑿̅ )
C. Compare 𝝁 and 𝝁𝑿̅ .
D. Solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of the population.
E. Solve the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the sampling distribution of the sample
means.
F. Compare 𝝈𝟐 and 𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ .

SOLUTION FOR TASK A TABLE 1 FOR TASK B

Given 𝑋 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 = ₱ 2 000.00, ₱ 3 000.00, Possible Samples ̅)
Sample Mean (𝑿
₱ 4 000.00, ₱ 5 000.00, ₱ 6 000.00
2 000.00, 3 000.00 2 500.00
𝑁 = 5
2 000.00, 4 000.00 (2) .
Unknown Mean of the Population(𝝁)
2 000.00, 5 000.00 3 500.00
Formula (1) .
Solution 2 000 + 3 000 + 4 000 + 5 000 + 6 000 2 000.00, 6 000.00 (3) .
𝜇=
5 3 000.00, 4 000.00 3 500.00
20000
𝜇= 3 000.00, 5 000.00 (4) .
5
𝜇 = 4 000 3 000.00, 6 000.00 4 500.00
Conclusion Therefore, the population mean of 4 000.00, 5 000.00 (5) .
the shares of the group of ABM
4 000.00, 6 000.00 5 000.00
Students to their planned online
business is ₱ 4 000.00. 5 000.00, 6 000.00 (6) .

TABLE 2 FOR TASK B SOLUTION FOR TASK B

Sample Frequency Probability ̅ • 𝑷(𝑿
̅) 40000.00
𝑿
̅)
Mean (𝑿 (𝒇) ̅)
𝑷(𝑿
Given 𝛴 [𝑋̅ • 𝑃(𝑋̅ )] =
1 2500 10
2 500.00 1 = 4 000.00
10 10
1 3000
3 000.00 1 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
10 10
2 7000 Unknown 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒
3 500.00 2 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝜇𝑋̅ .
10 10
2 8000
4 000.00 2 Formula 𝜇𝑋̅ = 𝛴[𝑋̅ • 𝑃(𝑋̅)]
10 10
2 9000
4 500.00 2 Solution 𝜇𝑋̅ = ₱ 4 000.00
10 10
1 5000
5 000.00 1
10 10
1 5500
5 500.00 1 Conclusion (7) .
10 10
10 40000
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 10 𝑜𝑟 1 𝑜𝑟 4 000.00
10 10

ANSWER FOR The population mean 𝜇 is 4 000.00 and the mean of the sample means
TASK C 𝜇𝑋̅ is also 4 000.00. Therefore, 𝜇 = 𝜇𝑋̅

Given Ʃ𝑋 = 20 000.00; 𝑁 = 5; Ʃ𝑋 2 = 90 000 000.00

Unknown 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝝈𝟐 ) 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
Formula ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋
2
2
𝜎 = 5 −( )
𝑁 𝑁
Solution 90000000 20000 2
𝜎2 = −( )
 TABLE FOR TASK D
Given Ʃ𝑋 = 20 000.00; 𝑁 = 5; Ʃ𝑋 2 = 90 000 000.00

VARIANCE OF THE POPULATION

Unknown 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝝈𝟐 ) 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑿 𝑿𝟐 Formula ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋
2
2 000.00 4 000 000.00 𝜎 = 2
−( )
𝑁 𝑁
3 000.00 (8) . Solution 90000000 20000 2
4 000.00 16 000 000.00 𝜎2 = −( )
5 5
5 000.00 (9) . 𝜎2 = (11). .
6 000.00 (10). Conclusion 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠
20 000.00 90 000 000.00 𝜎2 = (12). .

Given Ʃ𝑋 = 20 000.00; 𝑁 = 5; Ʃ𝑋 2 = 90 000 000.00 TABLE FOR TASK E

STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE POPULATION

Unknown 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝝈 ) ̅

𝑿 ̅)
𝑷(𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅
𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅ )𝟐
(𝑿 ̅ − 𝝁𝑿̅ )𝟐 ∙ 𝑷(𝑿
(𝑿 ̅)
𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1
2500 −1500 2250000 225000
Formula 2 10
∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 1
𝜎=√ −( ) 3000 −1000 (17). 100000
𝑁 𝑁 10
3500 (15). −500 250000 50000
Solution 2 2
90000000 20000 4000 0 0 0
𝜎=√ −( ) 10
2
5 5 4500 (16). 250000 50000
𝜎= (13). . 10
1
5000 1000 1000000 (18).
Conclusion Therefore, the standard deviation of 10
1
the population is 𝜎 = (14). . 5500 1500 2250000 225000
10
𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 1 750000
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS

Unknown
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEANS

STANDARD DEVIATION OF SAMPLING

Unknown 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ )𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝝈𝑿̅ )𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠
VARIANCE OF SAMPLING

Formula Formula ̅ − 𝜇 ̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋

𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = ∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)] 𝝈𝑿̅ = √∑ [(𝑋 𝑋
̅ )]
Solution Solution
𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = ∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)] ̅ − 𝜇 ̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋
𝝈𝑿̅ = √∑ [(𝑋 ̅ )]
𝑋
𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ = (19) . 𝝈𝑿̅ = (21) .
Conclusion 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 Conclusion 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑑. 𝑑𝑒𝑣. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑠 ₱ (20). 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑠 ₱ (22) .

The variance of the population is ______(23)_______ and the variance of the sampling distribution
ANSWER FOR of the sample means is ______(24)_______. On the other hand, the standard deviation of the
TASK F population is ______(25)_______ and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is ______(26)_______. Therefore, ______(27)_______.

D. Let Us Remember
The variance of the population is _____________ and variance of the sample mean is __________.
Directions: On the other hand, the standard deviation of the population is ___________ and standard deviation
of the
To generalize sample
your means
learned is ______________.
skills and concepts Therefore, _________________
on solving the mean and variance of the sampling
distribution of sample means, complete the table below by supplying the missing entries.
Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability
No Mean of the Ungrouped Data No Distribution
Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol Formula Required Given
1 6

Mean of the Sampling Distribution of the

No Variance of the Ungrouped Data No Sample Means
Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol Formula Required Given
2 7

Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the

No Standard Deviation of Ungrouped Data No Sample Means
Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol Formula Required Given
3 8

Standard Deviation of the Sampling

No Mean of a Discrete Probability Distribution No Distribution of the Sample Means
Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol Formula Required Given
4 9

No Variance of a Discrete Probability Distribution

Symbol Formula Required Given

5

6
 E. Let Us Practice More

Directions: On your answer sheets, match Column X to Column Y and match Column Y to Column Z by
writing the same and exact number or letter that corresponds to your answers for the following columns:
Column X displays the Unknown Values, Column Y enumerates the Symbols of the Unknown Values, and
Column Z reveals the exact answers. Consider the problem below for your reference.

Problem:
Random samples of size 𝑛 = 2 are drawn from a finite population consisting of the number 5, 6, 7, 8, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9.
Compute for the mean, the variance and the standard deviation of the population, and the mean, the variance
and the standard deviation of the sample means.

Column X Column Y Column Z

____ A. Population Mean ____ 1. 𝜎𝑥̅2 a. 7
____ B. Mean of the Sample Means ____ 2. 𝜎𝑥̅ b. 0.866
____ C. Variance of the Population ____ 3. 𝜇𝑥̅ c. 0.75
____ D. Variance of the Sample Means ____ 4. 𝜎 d. 1.414
____ E. Standard Deviation of the Population ____ 5. 𝜇 e. 7
____ F. Standard Deviation of the Sample Means ____ 6. 𝜎 2 f. 2
F. Evaluation.

Directions:
Solve the given real – life problem below. Show the complete solution for the following tasks on your
answer sheets.

Problem: As a Physical Education teacher of Gubat National High School, Sir Leo wants to compute for the
Body Mass Index of few students as part of his research. As a start, the table below shows the heights of five
students in centimeters. Suppose samples of size 2 are taken from this population of five students, answer the
following tasks. Construct the desired tables needed for your solutions and answers.

𝑺𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑯𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 (𝑿) 𝑿𝟐 Complete the following tasks:

1. Compute the mean of the population (𝝁).
𝐽𝑜𝑎𝑛 147 21 609 2. Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means
𝐻𝑎𝑧𝑒𝑙 158 24 964 (𝝁𝑿̅ )
𝑆𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑛 167 27 889 3. Compare 𝝁 and 𝝁𝑿̅ .
4. Solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of the
𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑑 169 28 561 population.
𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑙𝑜 151 22 801 5. Solve the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the
𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 792 125 824 sampling distribution of the sample means.
6. Compare 𝝈𝟐 and 𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ .
IV. ANSWER KEY
𝜎 2 ≠ 𝜎𝑋̅2 27.
𝑋, 𝑃(𝑋), 𝜇 𝜎 2 = ∑[(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] 𝜎2
Complete the following tasks:
866.025 26. 5
1414.214 25.
7. Compute the mean of the population 𝝁.
Symbol Formula Required Given
750 000 24. Variance of a Discrete Probability Distribution No
2 000 000 23.
8. Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means
(𝝁𝑿̅ )
population is Php 866.03 𝝈𝑿⬚
̅
𝑋̅ , 𝑃(𝑋̅ ), 𝜇𝑋̅ 𝝈𝑿⬚ ̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅ )2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅)]
̅ = √∑[(𝑋 𝑋, 𝑃(𝑋) 𝜇 = ∑[𝑋 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] 𝜇
Therefore, the standard deviation of the 22. 9 4
866.025 21. Required Given
9. Compare 𝝁 and 𝝁𝑿̅ .
Formula Symbol Symbol Formula Required Given

10. Solve for the variance (𝝈𝟐 ) and the standard deviation (𝝈) of the
750,000 Standard Deviation of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means No Mean of a Discrete Probability Distribution No
Therefore, the variance of the population is Php 20.
population. 𝝈𝑿𝟐̅ 𝑁 𝑁
750 000 19. 𝑋̅ , 𝑃(𝑋̅ ), 𝜇𝑋̅ 𝝈𝑿𝟐̅ = ∑[(𝑋̅ − 𝜇𝑋̅)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅ )] 𝑋, 𝑁 𝜎=√ −( ) 𝜎
8 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 3
2
18.
11. Solve the variance (𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ ) and the standard deviation (𝝈𝑿̅ ) of the
100 000
1 000 000 17. Required Given Formula Symbol Symbol Formula Required Given

sampling distribution of the sample means (𝝁𝑿̅).

Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means No Standard Deviation of Ungrouped Data No
500 16.
10

12. Compare 𝝈𝟐 and 𝝈𝟐𝑿̅ .

𝑜𝑟 0.2 15. 𝑋̅ , 𝑃(𝑋̅ ) 𝜇𝑋̅ 𝑋, 𝑁 𝑁 𝑁 𝜎2
2 𝜇𝑋̅ = ∑[𝑋̅ ∙ 𝑃(𝑋̅ )] −( ) 𝜎2 =
population is Php 1,414.21 7 ∑ 𝑋2 ∑𝑋 2
2
Therefore, the standard deviation of the 14. Required Given Formula Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol
1414.214 13. Mean of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means No Variance of Ungrouped Data No
2,000,000.00
12. Therefore, the variance of the population is Php 𝑁
𝑋, 𝑃(𝑋), 𝜇 𝜎 = √∑[(𝑋 − 𝜇)2 ∙ 𝑃(𝑋)] 𝜎 𝑋, 𝑁 𝜇= 𝜇
11. 2 000 000 6 ∑𝑋 1
10. 36 000 000 Required Given Formula Symbol Formula Required Given Symbol
9. 25 000 000 Standard Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution No Mean of the Population No
8. 9 000 000 Let Us Remember
the sample means is Php 4,000.00
7. Therefore, the mean of the sampling distribution of F 6. 2 F.
6. 5500 6. 𝜎 2 ≠ 𝜎𝑋̅2
A or E 5. 4 E.
5. 4500 5. 𝜎𝑋̅2 = 27.840 ; 𝜎𝑋̅ = 5.276
D 4. 1 D.
4. 4000 4. 𝜎 2 = 74.240 ; 𝜎 2 = 8.616
A or E 3. 6 C.
3. 4000 3. 𝜇 = 𝜇𝑋̅
B 2. 3 B.
2. 3000 2. 𝜇𝑋̅ = 158.4
𝑁 C 1. 5 A.
1. 𝜇 = 1. 𝜇 = 158.4
∑𝑋 COLUMN Y COLUMN X
Let Us Practice Let Us Practice More Evaluation

V. REFERENCES
• Teaching Guide for Senior High School: Statistics and Probability Core Subject. Quezon City: CHED.
• Statistics and Probability Quarter 3 – Module 4: Random Sampling, Parameter and Statistic, and Sampling Distribution of
Statistics. Alternative Delivery Mode. pp. 12 – 16.
• Statistics and Probability Quarter 3 – Module 5: Finding the Mean and the Variance of the Sampling Distribution of the Sample
Means. Alternative Delivery Mode. pp. 2 – 24.
• https://www.alchemer.com/resources/blog/sampling-distributions-introduction/
• Chan Shio, C.P. and Reyes, M.A., 2017. Statistics and Probability for Senior High School. C & E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City.
pp.165 – 172.
Prepared by: Reviewed by:

CHAD LOWE V. VILLARROYA JOAN E. HAPA

SHS Teacher 3 Subject Group Head
7