Booklet

भगवते न्याय देशाय च
JOGESH CHANDRA CHAUDHURI LAW

COLLEGE
STUDENTS’ UNION
(2016 – 2021)
SYLLABUS & QUESTION PAPER BOOKLET
9th SEMESTER
[FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY]
NAME OF STUDENT: ………………………………………………………………
ROLL NO: …………... SEC: ………
PUBLISHED BY:
ARKA KUMAR NAG NEIL BASU
PRESIDENT GENERAL SECRETARY
#JCCLCSU #ACADEMIC_AFFAIRS_SECRETARIAT
#GOLDEN_JUBILEE_2020 #STUDENTS_WELFARE_RELATION_&_AID_FUND_SECRETARIAT
#AID_FUND_SECRETARIAT
#E-CLASSES_&_E-STUDY_MATERIALS_COMMITTEE
Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri Law College Students’ Union

(2016-2020)
OF THE STUDENT BY THE STUDENTS FOR THE STUDENTS
DESIGNATIO E-CLASSES & E-STUDY BOOKLET

COVID19 COMMITTEE
N MATERIALS COMMITTEE COMMITTEE
SAYAK CHAKRABORTI
(Convenor, Journal
TRIBIKRAM GHOSH
Committee)
SAMRAT DAS NIRUPAM DAS
SAYAN BANERJEE
ARITRA ROY
(Convenor, Funds Committee) (4TH YEAR) (SECTION - B)
MD. DANISH
SOUVIK ROY
GOURAB ADHIKARY FAROOQUI
(Convenor, Felicitations
Committee) (4TH YEAR) (SECTION - A) DEBASISH MONDAL
AASHUTOSH SOURESH MONDAL
UTSA PODDER
BHATTACHARYYA SACHINRA MOHAN
(4TH YEAR) (SECTION - A) MONDAL
(Convenor, Webinar
Committee) NAYAB ASHRAF KHUSHI MUNDRA
SHANKHARIT CHAKRABORTY TITHI ROY
(4TH YEAR) (SECTION - B)
(Convenor, Debate& Moot DONA ROY
Court Committee) SOUHARDYA BISWAS KRITI DEV
MEMBERS:
AMANDEEP SINGH (3RD YEAR) (SECTION - A) UDITA MANDAL
(Convenor, Alumni SOUMYA MUKHERJEE SVANUJ BANERJEE
Networking Committee) SANJANA
ZUNAID AKHTAR SARKAR (3RD YEAR) (SECTION - A)
GOSWAMI
(Convenor, Magazine & SAYANTAN KAR SHREYA ROY
Sponsorship Committee) SREEJITA MONDOL
(3RD YEAR) (SECTION - B)
ABHRAJIT ROY CHOWDHURY ROCHIT MALHOTRA
(Convenor, Online Classes & e- ANUVA PODDER
ASHMITA
Materials Committee) (3RD YEAR) (SECTION - B) CHAKRABORTY
RITTIK MONDAL
MD. WASIM AKRAM BISWAJIT MUDI
(Convenor, Digital Networking
SHREYA ROY
Committee) (3RD YEAR) (SECTION - B)
TITLI CHAKRABORTY
ANKAN DAS
ABANTIKA BARUA
(Convenor, Online Classes &
e-Materials Committee)
ABHRAJIT ROY
CONVENOR: ALMINHAZ KARIM ANKAN DAS
CHOWDHURY
Page 1 of 51
#JCCLCSU #JCCLC_GOLDEN_JUBILEE_2020
CIRCULATED BY:
Section A
ALMINHAZ KARIM PRANIT BISWAS ESHITA SARKAR

CLASS REPRESENTATIVE CLASS REPRESENTATIVE CLASS REPRESENTATIVE
5TH YEAR 5TH YEAR 5TH YEAR
Section B
ARKA TILAK BHADRA PREETAM MAJUMDAR PRAGATI PACHISIA

Section C
SHANKHARIT CHAKRABORTY AMANDEEP SINGH ZUNAID AKTER SARKAR

Page 2 of 51
Company Law
SYLLABUS
1. Nature of Company.
2. Formation of Company.
3. Articles and Memorandum of Association.
4. Prospectus.
5. Shares.
6. Dividends.
7. Debentures.
8. Meetings.
9. Winding up and Liquidator.
10. Board of Directors.
INTERNAL EXAMINATION: FULL MARKS 20
2019
ANSWER ANY FOUR QUESTIONS 4X5-20
1. Enumerate the essentials of a company
2. Mention the steps for incorporating and registering a company
3. Explain the doctrine of Indoor management.
4. Distinguish between Public Company and Private Company
5. What is Memorandum of Association? State its essentials
6. Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
7. Who are the members of a company?
8. Explain the doctrine of Ultra Vires.
9. Who is a promoter?
10. How can Articles of Association be altered?
11. How are directors of company appointed?
12. Explain the legal status of directors.
13. What is Prospectus? State the consequences for misstatement in prospectus
14 Write a note on Dividend.
15. What do you understand by Share? what are the different types of shares that may be Issued by a
company
16. Distinguish between share and debenture
17. define Quorum. What are the consequences for absence of quorum?
18. What are the different types of meeting of a company?
19. What is winding up? What are kinds of winding up?
20 What is Debenture?
2018
(Answer any FOUR questions: ) (4×5=20)

1. Define Company.
2.What is corporate veil ?
3.Explain common seal.
4.Who is a Promoter.
Page 3 of 51
5.Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company

6.Who are the members of a company.
7.How can Articles of Association be altered ?
8. What is Prospectus? Explain mis-statement in Prospectus.
9. Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
10. What is the legal status of directors ?
11. What do you understand by shares? Enumerate the various kinds of shares.
12. When and how can additional directors be appointed?
13. What is Quorum ? State the consequences of absence of quorum.
14. State the contents of Memorandum of Association.
15. Define Holding Company and Subsidiary Company.
16. Explain Dividends.
17. What is winding up? What are the different kinds of winding up?
18. Distinguish between Statutory Meeting and Extra-Ordinary General Meeting.
19. Write a note on Debentures.
20. Explain the Doctrine of Indoor Management.
2017
Answer any FOUR questions : 4x5=20
1.What is a Company ? State its essential features.
2.What is Memorandum of Association ? State its contents
3.Who are the members of a Company?
4.Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.
5.What is Prospectus? Explain mis-statement in prospectus.
6.Can a Company claim Fundamental Rights available to Indian Citizens? Give reasons.
7.Discuss the doctrine of Indoor Management.
8.Differentiate between a public and a private company.
9.What is winding up ? What are the different types of winding up?
10. Define Quorum
What are the consequences for absence of quorum?
11.Mention the different modes of appointment of Directors.
12 .What do you understand by 'Shares'?
What are the various kinds of shares ?
Page 4 of 51
13. How can Articles be altered ?
14.Write a note on Dividendo.
15.Mention the steps for incorporating and registering
2014
Answer any four questions: 5x4

1. Distinguish between Private Company and a Public Company.
2. Who are the members of the company?
3. Discuss the doctrine of ultra vires.
4. What is Memorandum of Association ? State its contents.
5. What is Prospectus ? Explain mis- statement in Prospectus.
6. Distinguish between the “Statutory meeting” and ‘Extra –ordinary General meeting of a Company’.
7. What is winding up? State the different types of winding up.
8. What are the different modes of appointment of Directors of a Company?
9. What is the Legal status of Directors?
10. How can Article of Association be altered?
11. Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.
12. Under what circumstances corporate veil may be lifted under the provisions of the Companies Act,1956.
2013
GROUP –A : Answer Any Five Questions: 5x2
1. Define Company?
2. Who is a Promoter?
3. Who are the members of the Company ?
4. Can a company claim Fundamental Rights available to Indian Citizen ? Give Reasons
5. What is ‘Corporate Veil’?
6. What is prospectus?
7. What do you mean by Memorandum of Association ?
8. State the contents of a Memorandum.
9. What is ‘Quorum’?
10. When is ‘ One man Quorum’ valid?
11. Special Resolution
12. Common Seal
13. Define Share.
14. What do you understand by ‘ Transfer of Shares’?
15. What is ‘Dividend’?
GROUP –B: Answer any two questions: 5x2

1. Discuss the procedure for formation and registration of a Company .
2. Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company . When does a Private Company becomes a Public
Company ?
3. When can Corporate veil be lifted ?
4. What are the advantages of forming a company under The Companies Act ?
Page 5 of 51
5. P & CO. and T & Co. are 2 firms registered under the Indian Partnership Act 1932, each consisting of 12 partners.
The firms desire to carry on business jointly as partners under the name KPT and Co. Does KPT and Co. require
registration and if so under what provisions of the Companies Act ? How you can distinguish company and
Partnership firm?
6. Write a note on alteration of the Object Clause in the Memorandum of Association.
7. Discuss the doctrine of Ultra Vires vis-a-vis a Company , the directors and the Articles . What is the legal effect of
Ultra-vires Acts?
8. How can Articles of Association be altered?
9. A company altered the objects clause of its Memorandum of Association according to the Procedure laid down by
law i.e. by passing a special resolution . A copy of the resolution was filed with the Registrar 4months after passing
of the resolution. Can he register the alteration?
10. What is mis-statement in the prospectus? Who are liable for such mis-statement ?
11. What defences, When proved to the satisfaction of the court , will exonerate a person from civil liability for mis-
statement in the prospectus?
12. What do you mean by Company Meetings? Discuss different kinds of meetings under the Companies Act .
13. State the law relating to criminal liability for mis-statement in the prospectus .
14. Distinguish between a member and a shareholder . How does the membership in a company come to an end ?
15. Define “ Holding Company’ and a Subsidiary Company’ . Give examples .
16. What is a Government Company ? State its special features . How far is it governed by the Companies Act, 1956?
17. Discuss mode of appointment of the Directors of a Company.
18. Critically discuss the legal position of Directors of a Company .
19. Explain Doctrine of Indoor Management and its exceptions.
20. Write a brief and compact note on winding up.
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION: Full MARKS 80

2019
Answer any two questions.
1. (a) What is company? What are the steps required to be taken for the formation and registration of
a company?
(b) Distinguish between a private company and a public company. 25+15
2. (a) Define Prospectus.
(b) Discuss misstatements in the prospectus and its legal consequences. 10+30
3. Explain the concept of preincorporated contract through promoter before formation of the
company. 40
4. What are the liabilities of Board of Directors towards the shareholders and stakeholders of the
company?
40
5. What is lifting of corporate veil? Under what circumstances corporate veil may be lifted under the
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956? Discuss with relevant case laws. 10+30
6. (a) Define share. What are the different types of shares that may be issued by a company under
Companies Act, 1956?
Page 6 of 51
(b) Write down the differences between share certificate and share warrant. 25+15
7. (a) What is a debenture? State and explain the different kinds of debentures.
(b) Write a note on remedies of debenture-holders in case of non-payment. 25+15
8. (a) Discuss the doctrine of indoor management.
(b) What are the legal effects of ultra vires actions? 20+20
9. (a) Discuss the legal position of the directors of the company.
(b) Distinguish between ‘annual general meeting’ and ‘extra-ordinary general meeting’. 20+20
10. Write short notes on any two : 20×2
(a) Common Seal
(b) Quorum
(c) Transmission of shares
2018
Answer any five questions
1. (a) What is a Company? What are the steps require the formation and registration of a company?
(b) Distinguish between a private company and public company
2. (a) Who is a Promoter? Critically discuss the position of a pro and his liabilities.
(b) Can a company ratify the contracts of promoters who acted on behalf of the company before its incorporation?
10+6
3. (a) Define a Prospectus.
(b) Discuss misstatement in the prospectus and its legal consequences with reference to judicial decisions.
4+12
4. (a) Briefly describe the concept of corporate veil.
(b) Elucidate the circumstances under which corporate veil may be lifted. 6+10
5. (a) What do you mean by the Memorandum of Association? State its contents.
(b) How can Articles be altered? 10+6
6. (a) Define Share. What are the different types of shares that may be issued by a company under the Companies
Act, 1956?
(b) Write down the differences between a share certificate and share warrant. 10+6
7. (a) What is a Debenture? State and explain the different kinds of debentures.
(b) Write a note on remedies of debenture holders in case of non-payment. 10+6
Write short notes on (any four): 4x4
(a) Floating Charge
(b) Dividendo
Page 7 of 51
(c) Liquidator
(d) Doctrine of Indoor Management
2017
Answer any five Questions:
1. (a) What is a Company? [4]

(b) Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company. [8]
(c) Discuss the position of a Promoter. [4]
2. Discuss the doctrine of Ultra Vires with decided case laws. [16]
3. (a) Define Prospectus. [4]
(b) What are the contents of Prospectus? [4]
(e) Write a note on "Misstatement in Prospectus." [8]
4. Discuss the doctrine of "Lifting the Corporate Veil" with decided case laws. [16]
5. (a) Define Share. [4]
(b) What are the different types of Shares? [6]
(e) Distinguish between Share Certificate and Share Warrant. [6]
6. Examine the power, duties and liabilities of Directors under the Company Law. [16]
7. (a) What do you understand by Company Meetings? [6]
(b) What are the different kinds of Meetings under Company Act? [10]
8. Discuss the doctrine of Indoor Management, pointing out the exception, if any, to
the doctrine. [16]
9. What do you understand by "Winding Up" of a Company? What are grounds on
which a Court can order Winding Up of a Company? [8+8]
10. Write short notes on (any two): [8x2]
(a) Memorandum of Association.
(b) Dividends.
(e) Pre-incorporation Contracts.
(d) Alteration of Articles.
2016
Answer Any Five Questions
1. (a) What is a Company?
(b) Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company.
(c) Discuss the position of a promoter. 4+8+4
2. Discuss the doctrine of Ultra-Vires with decided case laws. 16
3. (a) Define Prospectus.
(b) What are the contents of Prospectus?
(c) Write a note on “Misstatement in Prospectus”. 4+4+8
4. Discuss the doctrine of “Lifting the Corporate Veil” with decided case laws. 16
5. (a) Define Share
(b) What are the different types of shares? 4+6+6
6. Examine the powers, duties and liabilities of Directors under the Company Law. 16
7. (a) What do you understand by Company Meetings?
(b) What are the different kinds of Meetings under Company Act? 6+10
8. Discuss the doctrine of Indoor Management pointing out the exception, if any, to the doctrine. 16
9. What do you understand by “Winding up” of a company? What are the grounds on which a Court can order
winding up of any company? 8+8
10. Write short notes on (any two): 8x2
(a) Memorandum of Association
(b) Dividends
Page 8 of 51
(c) Pre-incorporation Contracts

(d) Alteration of Articles
2015
Answer any five questions:
1. What is company? Compare the salient features of Company Act, 1956 with Company Act, 2013. 16
2. Explain the concept of pre-incorporated contract through promoter before formation of company. 16
3. What are the contents of Articles and Memorandum of Association under the existing laws? Explain the
differences between them. 16
4. “Prospectus of a company is the key document for any company” – Critically discuss. 16
5. What are the liabilities of Board of Directors towards the shareholders and stakeholders of any
company? 16
6. What do you mean by share certificates? Who are custodian of books and documents relating to issue of share
certificates? Explain the form of such certificates. Explain the procedure for issuing share certificates. 16
7. What are the differences between Dividends and Debentures? Explain the related provisions under Companies
Act, 1956 for issuing debenture. 16
8. Discuss the doctrine of Ultra Vires. What are the effects of Ultra vires actions? 4+12
9. Explain the doctrine of Indoor Management and State the exceptions, if any. 16
10. Write Short Notes on any four of the following: 4x4
a) Common Seal. b) Voluntary Winding up of a Company. c) Dividends
d) Special Revolution. e) Corporate Veil. f) Transmission of Shares
g) Government Company. h) Holding Company
2014
ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS:
1. a. What is company ?What are the steps required to be taken for the formation and registration of a company
? 10
b. Distinguish between a private company and a public company . 6
2. a. Who is a promoter ? Critically discuss the position of a promoter and his liabilities. 10
b. Can a company ratify the contracts of promoters who acted on behalf of the company before its
incorporation? 6
3. a. Define prospectus. 3
b. Discuss misstatement in prospectus and its legal consequences with reference to judicial decisions. 12
4. a. Briefly describe the concept of corporate veil. 6
b. Elucidate the circumstances under which the corporate veil may be lifted . 10
5. a. What do you mean by Memorandum of Association? State its contents . 10
b. How can Articles of Association be altered ? 6
6. a. Define Share. What are the different types of shares that may be issued by a company under the Companies
Act ,1956? 10
b. Write down the differences between share certificate and share warrant. 6
7. a. What is a debenture? State and explain the different kinds of debentures . 10
b. Write a note remedies of debentures holders in case of non payment . 6
8. a. Critically discuss the legal position of directors in a company . 8
b. Distinguish between ‘ Statutory Meeting’ and Extraordinary General Meeting of a company. What are their
respective purposes? 8
9. a. What are the grounds for compulsory winding up of a company? 12
b. Name the persons entitled to present a petition for such winding up. 4
Page 9 of 51
10. Write short notes on any four : 4x4

a. Doctrine of Indoor management. b. Transfer of shares. c. Dividend
d. Quorum. e. Liquidator. f. Appointment of a director. g. Floating Charge
2013
Answer Any Five Questions:
1. a. Define a Company and state its essential features .
b. Distinguish between a public and private company . 10+6
2. a. What do you mean by Corporate veil?
b. Enumerate the circumstances when corporate veil may be lifted by the courts. 10+6
3. a. What do you mean by Memorandum of Association? State the contents of a Memorandum.

b. Critically discuss the doctrine of Ultra vires . 10+6
4. a. Critically discuss the position of a promoter and his liability .
b. Write a short note on alteration of Articles of Association of a Company . 10+6
5. a. Explain the general provision regarding allotment of shares .
b. Distinguish between share certificate and share warrant . 10+6
6. a. Who can become a member of a company? Also state how a person can become a member of a company?
b. Distinguish between Enquiry shareholders and Preference share-holders. 10+6
7. a. Discuss the rules regarding payment of dividend in a company.
b. Define a debenture and state its characteristics. 10+6
8. a. What do you mean by Company Meetings?
b. Discuss the different kinds of meetings under the Companies Act. 4+12
9. a. Discuss in detail the grounds for compulsory winding up a Company.
b. Analyse the role of a liquidator in a Company. 10+6
10. Write short notes on (any four): 4x4
a. Doctrine of Indoor Management b. Floating charge c. Appointment of Directors
d. Remedies of debentures holder. e. Registration of Companies
f. Certificate Of Incorporation g. Transfer of shares.
Page 10 of 51
Information Technology Law
SYLLABUS
1. Introduction: Object and subject-matter of Information Technology Law.

a. Concept of Computer, Computer System, Computer Net Work and Internet.
b. History and Development of Information Technology Law in U.S.A, the U.K. and in India.
2. Jurisdiction in Cyberspace:
Jurisprudential Overview – Territoriality of Law and Nature of the Information Technology Law.
3. Electronic Governance:
a. Legal Recognition of Electronic Records.
b. Use and Retention of E-records.
c. Electronic Gazette.
d. Electronic Records and Electronic Evidence.
4. Digital Signature:
a. Concept and Digital Signature.
b. Use of Digital Signatures in Government Records.
c. Secure Digital Signatures.
d. Certifying Authority.
e. Digital Signature Certificates.
f. Duties of Subscribers.
5. Abuse of Information Technology and Civil Liability.
6. The Cyber Regulations Appellate Tribunal.
7. Offences under Information Technology Law:
a. Concept of Cyber Crime.
b. Hacking in Cyberspace.
c. Cyber Fraud.
d. Cyber Theft.
e. Cyber Terrorism.
f. Cyber Pornography.
8. Liability of Network Service Providers.
9. Powers of Police Officers and Other Authorities.
INTERNAL EXAMINATION: Full Marks 20
2018
Answer any TWO questions: 10 x 2

1. Trace the history and development of Information Technology law in India.
2. Discuss the nature, scope and objectives of Information Technology law in India.
3. Explain the concept of 'Hacking' in cyberspace.
4. Define Electronic Signature'. What do you mean by Electronic Signature Certificate?
5. What are the various provisions of the IT Act, 2000 that deals with E-commerce?
6. What is cyber crime? What are the offences classified under the Information
Technology Act, 2000?
7. Discuss the provisions relating to powers of police officers under the Information
8. Who is Controller of Certifying Authorities under the Information Technology Act,
Page 11 of 51
2000? What are the functions of the Controller?

9. Examine the question of jurisdiction in cyber space with reference to the Information
10. Discuss provisions of the Information Technology Act, 2000 relating to the legal
recognition of electronic records and e-governance.
2017
Attempt Any TWO Question only

1.Discuss the historical background of Information Technology Law in India with
reference to the USA and UK
2.Write an exhaustive note on the nature, scope and objective of Information
Technology Law in India.
3.Briefly explain the jurisdictional aspect of cyber crime as envisaged under
I.T. Act, 2000.
4.How is the investigation of cyber crime different from the traditional crimes
5.(a) What do you mean by Network Service Provider?
(b) Discuss the liabilities of Network Service Provider in India with the help
of decided case laws.
6.(a)What is Electronic records?
(b)Discuss the magnitude and significance of electronic evidence in India.
7.(a) What is Digital Signature?
(b) What is the procedure for securing Electronic Signature?
8.Discuss the power and function of Controller and Cyber Appellate Tribunal in
India under 1.T Act, 2000.
9.What are the various civil wrongs that has been recognised under IT Act, 2000.
10. Write short notes on any two of the following:
(a) Cyber Fraud
(b) Cyber Terrorism
(e) Cyber Pornography
(d) Cyber Hacking
(e) Cyber Defamation
(1) Cyber Forgery
(9) Cyber Spoofing.
2014
Answer Any Four Question: 5x4
1. Define Cyber Space. What do you mean by Jurisdiction in Cyber Space?
2. What are the principles of International Law applicable to Cyber Space?
3. Define Electronic Signature . What do you mean by Electronic Signature Certificate ?
4. Who is a Certifying Author under Information Technology Act 2000? What are the powers and functions of the
controller under this Act?
5. Trace the nature, scope and object of Information Technology Law in India.
6. Write a note Electronic Records and Electronic Evidence.
7. State the composition of Cyber Appellate Tribunal.
8. Explain the concept of Cyber Crime with reference to Hackings in Cyberspace.
9. What is Network Service Provider? State the liabilities of Network Service Providers in India.
10. Discuss the powers of Police officers and other authorities in controlling and preventing Cyber Crimes.
11. State the qualifications for appointment as Chair person and members of Cyber Appellate Tribunal.
12. Trace the history and development of Information Technology law in India.
Page 12 of 51
2013
Answer Any Four Question : 5X4
1. Define Internet , Cyber space, Computer and Digital Signature Certificate .
2. What do you mean by Certifying Authority ? What is Cyber Appellate Tribunal?
3. What are the principles elementary issues in determination of Cyber Jurisdiction?
4. Discuss the principles of International Law applicable for determination of Cyber Jurisdiction.
5. What is E-Commerce ? What is Electronic Data Interchange?
6. What are the various provisions of the Information Technology Act ,2000 that deals with E-Commerce?
7. Is it mandatory to file E-Return of Income Tax?
8. What do you mean by E- Governance?
9. What are the primary legal issues surrounding E- Governance?
10. What is the procedure for verification of Digital Signature?
11. What is Secure Electronic Signature ? What is THE Procedure for securing Electronic Signatures?
12. Who is the Controller of Certifying Authorities under the Information Technology Act 2000? What are the
Functions of the Controller ?
13. What are the various civil wrongs that has been recognised under the Information Technology Act,2000?
14. State the punishments that may be awarded in furtherance of Civil Wrongs committed under the Information
Technology Act,2000?
15. What is Cyber Crime? What are the offences classified under the Information Technology Act, 2000?
16. Discuss the provisions relating to Powers of Police Officers under the Information Technology Act,2000?
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION
Full Marks - 80
2019

1. (a) Define the terms ‘computer network’ and ‘internet’.
(b) Discuss the objectives of the Information Technology Law in Indian perspectives tracing historical
developments of the Law in the UK and India. 15+25
2. Explain the Territoriality of Law and Territorial application of Law with special reference to the
Information Technology Act, 2000 in India. 40
3. What do you understand by the term ‘Cyber Contravention’? Discuss the legal provisions on cyber
contraventions in India with illustrations. 40
4. Examine the relevant provisions of the Information Technology Act relating e-governance and
e-records. 40
5. (a) What do you understand by Digital signature and Electronic signature?
(b) Discuss the procedure of digital signature and its security system with reference to Indian Law.
20+20
Page 13 of 51
6. Discuss the prevention and control of child pornography in cyberspace with reference to Indian legal
system. 40
7. Examine the powers and functions of the controllers for prevention and control of cyber crime and
contravention. 40
8. Critically examine the relevant provisions of the Information Technology Act, 2000 in India for the
prevention and control of Cyber Terrorism. 40
9. Define and discuss about ‘Cyber piracy’ with reference to legal provisions and judicial decisions. 40
10. Write short notes on any four of the following : 10×4
(a) Liabilities of Internet Service Providers
(b) Cyber Crime
(c) Computer Applications and Cyber Security
(d) Mobile-Commerce
(e) E-insurance.
2018
1. Discuss object and historical growth of the Information technology in India and the USA. 16
2. Explain prospects and problems of application of E-governance system in India with reference to suitable examples
and legal provisions. 16
3. Examine the significance of digital signature and electronic signature with reference to the Information Technology
Act, 2000 in India.16
4. Discuss issues of cyber jurisdiction with reference to relevant cases and the Information Technology Act, 2000 in
India. 16
5. Explain the status of the Controller and Tribunal in India with reference to the Information Technology Law. 16
6. Do you think Cyber Hacking is cyber crime? Give your answer with reference to relevant cases and legal
provisions.16
7. Discuss Cyber Terrorism with its prevention and control as provided under the Information Technology Law in
Indian scenario and give your opinion for legal reforms, if required. 16
8. Write a note on Right to Privacy in cyber space with special reference to Indian socio-legal scenario. 16
9. (a) What do you understand by the term 'Cyber Contraventions"?
(b) Distinguish between Cyber Contraventions and Cyber Crimes with reference to the Information Technology Act,
2000 in India. 4+12
10. Write short notes on any four of the following: 4X4
Page 14 of 51
(a) Computer software
(b) Cyber piracy
(c) E-contract
(d) Legal status of social media
(e) Liabilities of Internet Service Provider
F) Cyber Fraud and Online Payment.
2017

1. (a) What do you understand by the term 'Computer? [6]
(b) Discuss the object and scope of the Information Technology Law with reference to the United Nations Model Law
and Indian Law. [10]
2. Discuss the concept of E-Governance with reference to the Information Technology Law in India and suitable
examples. [16]
3. Critically examine the application of the Information Technology Act, 2000 in
India with special reference to jurisdiction in Cyber Crime. [16]
4. Explain Digital Signature and Electronic Signature with reference to the Information Technology Act in India. [16]
5. Write a note on Internet Service Providers and their liabilities. [16]
6. Describe relevant legal provisions relating to Cyber Contraventions in India with
suitable illustration. [16]
7. (a) What do you understand by Cyber Fraud? [4]
(b) Examine law relating to Cyber Fraud in India with reference to relevant
case. [12]
8. Critically discuss prevention and control of Cyber Terrorism with reference to the Information Technology Act,
2000 in India. [16]
9. Critically discuss legal provisions of E-Contract and E-Commerce in India with
reference to merits and demerits, if any. [16]
10. Write short note on any four of the following: [4x4]
(a) Historical background of the Information Technology Law in India.
(b) Cyber Appellate Tribunal
(c) Cyber Crime.
(d) Cyber Crime Cell.
(e) Computer Software.
2016
1. (a) Define the terms Internet and Network.
(b) Discuss the history and growth of the Information Technology Law in India. 4+12
2. Discuss the legal recognition of electronic records and e-governance with reference to Indian Law 16
3. Discuss the concepts and utilities of digital signature and electronic signature with reference to the Information
Technology Law. 16
4. Critically explain the territorial applications of law and jurisdiction in cyber-space. 16
5. Critically examine the powers and functions of Controller and Information Appellate Tribunal in India with reference
to the Information Technology Law. 16
6. (a) What do you understand by the term Cyber Crime?
Page 15 of 51
(b) Critically elucidate Indian Law to combat Cyber Hacking. 4+12

7. Discuss Indian legal provisions to prevent and control Cyber Piracy. 16
8. (a) What do you understand by the term ‘E-Commerce’?
(b) Discuss the role of Consumer Forums in case of Cyber Contraventions relating to E-Commerce in Indian context.
4+12
9. Write a critical note on Internet Service Providers with reference to Indian Law. 16
10. Write notes on any four of the following:
(a) Computer Software
(b) Cyber Terrorism
(c) Cyber Fraud
(d) Validity of E-Wallet
(e) Prospects of Online Courses.
2015
Answer any five questions:
1. (a)What do you understand by the term computer software?
(b)Discuss the history and growth of the Information Technology Law in India. (6+10)
2. Discuss provisions of the Information Technology Act relating to legal recognition of electronic records and e-
governance. (16)
3. Discuss the legal provisions of Digital Signature and Electronic Signature in India. (16)
4. Examine the question of jurisdiction in cyber space with reference to the Information Technology Act. (16)
5. Discuss power and functions of controller and Cyber appellate Tribunal in Indian perspectives. (16)
6. Discuss any two Cyber Contraventions with reference to the Indian Legal system. (16)
7. What do you understand by the term Cyber-Crime? Discuss Indian legal provisions and judicial approaches to
control cyber fraud. (16)
8. Discuss Cyber Pornography with reference to the Indian Law. (16)
9. What do you understand by Cyber Terrorism? Examine legal provisions in India to control and prevent cyber
terrorism. (16)
10. Write notes on any two of the following: - (8×2)
(a) Online contract (b) Cyber Hacking (c) E-commerce.
2014
1. a. Define the terms Computer and Computer system. 6
b. Discuss the history and growth of the Information Technology Law in India with reference to the USA and the
UK. 10
2. Discuss the legal provisions relating to legal recognition of electronic records and e-governance in India
perspectives. 16
3. a. What do you understand by the terms digital signature and electronic signature? 6
b. Examine legal provision for the security electronic and digital signatures in India. 10
4. Critically discuss the issue of jurisdiction in cyberspace with reference to the Information Technology Act in India . 16
5. Discuss the power and functions of Controller and Information Appellate Tribunal in India. 16
6 . What do you understand by the term Cyber Contravention ? Discuss the two Cyber Contravention with reference
to the Indian Law. 16
7. Define the term Cyber-crime . Discuss Indian legal provisions any Judicial approaches to combat cyber
pornography. 16
Page 16 of 51
8. Write notes on any four of the following: 4x4

a. Computer Network. b. Cyber Piracy. c. Cyber Hacking. d. Internet Service Providers
e. E-commerce.
9. a. Discuss the powers of Police Officers in controlling and preventing cyber crimes. 6
b. Give your opinion for the prevention and control of cybercrime in India. 10
10.a. What do you understand by ‘ Network Service Provider’? 6

b. Examine the liabilities of Network Service Provider in India.
2013

1. a. Trace the nature , scope and object of Information Technology Law in India.
b. What do you mean by Cyber Appellate Tribunal? Briefly describe its procedure and powers 8+8
2. a. What is Electronic Record ? Are the recognised by law ?
b. What is the procedure for authentication of electronic records? How are they used and applied by
Government ? 6+10
3. a. What do you mean by cyber contraventions ?
b. Write a critical note on the remedies for its contraventions. 6+10
4. Write short note on any four of the following : 4x4
a. Internet b. Computer. c. Computer – system
d. Data. e. E-Commerce f. Computer – virus
5. Draw distinction between : 8x2
a. Electronic Signature and Digital Signature.
b. Cyber Offences and Cyber Contraventions.
6. a. Who is known as Controller of Certifying Authorities under the Information Technology Act ? Mention his
various functions .
b. Explain the proper meaning of Cyber jurisdiction . 8+8
7. Trace out meaning and illustrate with leading cases on any four of the following: 4x4
a. Cyber Terrorism b. Cyber Pornography c. Cyber hacking
d. Cyber Theft e. Cyber Fraud
8. What is a Network Service Provider ? Cite with relevant case- laws the liabilities of Network Service Providers
in India . 16
9. a. What do you understand by computer and computer system ?
b. Discuss how the Information Technology Law has been developed in India. 6+10
10. a. What is cyber crime ?
b. Discuss the powers of police officers in controlling and preventing cyber crimes. 6+10
Page 17 of 51
Labour And Industrial Laws – II

SYLLABUS
1. The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947:
a. Definitions, Deemed Industrial Disputes.
b. Authorities, Notice of Change: Reference of Individual Disputes to Grievance Settlement Mechanism.
c. Reference of Industrial Disputes.
d. Procedure, Power and Duties of the Authorities.
e. Strikes and Lockout: Lay off and Retrenchment.
f. Special Provisions relating to Lay off, Retrenchment, Closure etc.
g. Unfair Labour Practice.
h. Penalties.
2. The Trade Unions Act, 1926:
a. Definitions.
b. Registrations of Trade Unions.
c. Rights and Liabilities of the Trade Unions.
d. Membership of Trade Unions.
3. The Industrial Employment (Standing orders) Act, 1946:
a. Standing orders.
b. Draft orders.
c. Finalisation of orders.
d. Enforcement of orders.
INTERNAL EXAMINATION
FULL MARKS 20
2019
Answer any TWO questions 2x 10 = 20
1. a) Define 'Industry as laid down under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 with the help of decided case law.
b) Does an Educational Institution come within the definition of an industry - Substantiate. 6+4
2. Who are the authorities under Industrial Dispute Act, 19477 Discuss the powers and functions of such authorities.
10
3. Differentiate between Lay Off and Retrenchment. Discuss the procedure for retrenchment under Industrial
Dispute Act, 1947. What are the rights of a workman as to compensation on being retrenched? 4+2+4
4. a. Define the term Trade Union under the Trade Union Act, 1926.
b. What is the procedure for registration of Trade Union?
c. When registration of trade Union can be cancelled 2+4+4
5. a) Define 'trade dispute under the Trade Union Act, 1926.
b) What are the objects on which the general funds of a registered trade union may be spent ? 4+6
6. a) Enumerate the object of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946.
b) What are the exceptions to the application of the statute. 6+4
7. a) What is the procedure for submission of draft standing Orders under the Industrial Employment (Standing
Orders) Act, 1946.
b) Discuss. the method of Certification of Standing Order. 5+5
8. Write short notes on any four:
a)Workman b) Lock-out C) Strike d) Closure e) Badli Workman f) Public Utility Service g) Unfair Labour
Practice h) Industrial Undertaking
2018
Page 18 of 51
Answer any Four (4) questions of the following: (4x5) =20

1. What is Industrial Disputes? Whether Individual Dispute can be treated as Industrial
Dispute?
2. Briefly discuss the various Authorities under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
3. Discuss the provisions related to Grievance Redressal Machinery for the resolution of
disputes arising out of individual grievances under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
4. How Reference of Disputes is referred to Boards. Courts or Tribunals by Government
under the Industrial Disputes Act, 19472
5 Briefly discuss the Procedure. Powers and Duties of the Authorities under the
Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
6. Discuss the difference between Strikes and Lock-Outs.
7. Define Lay-Off and Retrenchment.
8. Write a note on Unfair Labour Practices.
9. Discuss the process of Registration of Trade Unions.
10. What are the Rights and Liabilities of Registered Trade Unions?
11. Discuss the Rights of the Minors to membership of Trade Unions.
12. Define Standing Orders" under The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act
1946.
13. Discuss the procedure of submission of Draft Standing Orders.
14. Write a note on Certification of Standing Orders.
15. Discuss the provisions related to Penalties and Procedure, in case of failure to submit Draft Standing
Orders under The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act. 1946.
2017
Attempt any TWO Questions only
1. (a) What are the objectives and salient features of Industrial Dispute Act, 1947?
(06)
(b) Explain the term 'Industry' under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 with the help of decided case laws. (04)
2. (a) What are the different authorities under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947? (04)
(b) Describe the conditions and procedure for reference of a dispute under Industrial Dispute Act, 1947?
(06)
3. Discuss the power and functions of different authorities as laid down under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.
(10)
4. (a) Explain the prohibitions as laid down in the Industrial Dispute Act 1947 pertaining to Strike and Lock Out.
(06)
(b) Differentiate between 'lay off' and 'retrenchment'. (04)
5. (a) Define Trade Union. (04)

(b) Discuss the procedure for registration of Trade Union. (06)
6. Write an exhaustive note on various rights and liabilities of a registered Trade Union (10)
7. (a) When registration of a Trade union can be cancelled by the Registrar? (08)
(b) Once cancelled, can the Registrar withdraw the cancellation of registration of a Trade Union? (02)
8. (a) What do you mean by Standing Order? (04)

(b) Discuss the method of certification of Standing Order. (06)
9. (a) Enumerate the objectives of Industrial Employment (Standing Order) Act, 1946. (06)
(b) What are the exception to the application of the Statute? (04)
Page 19 of 51
10. Write a short note on any two of the following: (5x2)

(a) Industrial Dispute
(b) Trade Dispute
(c) Public Utility Services
(d) Establishment
(e) Workman
(f) Industry
(g) Closure
(h) Wages
2016
Group – A : Answer Any 5 Questions: 5 x 2=10
1. Define ‘Industry’.
2. Explain the term ‘Industrial Dispute’.
3. What is ‘Strike’ ?
4. What is ‘Lock Out’ ?
5. Explain ‘Lay Off’.
6. What is ‘Retrenchment’ ?
7. What is ‘Trade Dispute’ ?
8. What are Standing Orders ?
9. What is Draft Order ?
10 Who is a workman ?
Group – B: Answer Any 2 Questions: 2 x 5=10

11. Discuss the rights and liabilities of a trade union.
12. What are the procedure for the membership of trade union.
13. Write a Short Note on Public Utility Service.
14. Enumerate the object of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act,1946. What are the exceptions to
the applications of the Statute ?
15. Write a Short Note on Dearness Allowance.
2014
Answer Any Two Questions: 2 x10
1. a. Is registration compulsory under the Trade Union Act,1926?
b. What are the differences between registered trade union and unregistered trade union under the legislation
relating to trade union? 2+8
2. a. Define the term Trade Dispute under the Trade Union Act.
b. Write short note on the political fund created under Trade Union Act. 4+6
3. a. Do you think ‘club’ is an industry ?
b. What are the differences between the layoff and retrenchment under the Industrial Dispute Act. 8+2
4. Explain the Provision of Sec 10 A of the Industrial Dispute Act. 10
5. Who are dispute settlement authorities under Industrial Disputes Act and what are the different modes for
settlement of grievances in any industry? 10
6. a. Define the terms ‘Standing Order’ and ‘Industrial Establishment’ under the Industrial Establishment (Standing
Orders) Act.
b. What are the different requirements for the draft proposal of Standing Orders for its submission and
certification. 4+6
Page 20 of 51
7. Discuss the characteristics of ‘strike’ and ‘lockout’ in accordance with the Industrial Dispute Act,1947. 10
8. Explain the statutory provision relating to unfair trade practices. 10
2013
ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS:

1. a. Define the term ‘ Industry’ under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 . 5
b. Are the following industries under Industrial Disputes Act? Give Reasons for your answer : 5
i. Research Institutions
ii. Charitable Institutions.
2. a. When does an individual dispute become an industrial dispute ? 5
b. Are the disputes relating to workmen employed by the contractors industrial disputes with in the meaning of
the Act ? 5
3. a. Explain the differences between lay off and Retrenchment . 5
b. What do you mean by illegal justifies strike ? 5
4. Explain the provisions relating to submission of draft Standing Orders under Industrial Employment ( Standing
Orders) Act . 10
5. Define the term Certifying Officer and explain his power under Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act. 10
6. What is the mode prescribed under the Trade Unions Act for Registration of a Trade Union? 10
7. What are the privileges of a registered Trade Union ? 10
8. a. Define ‘ Trade Dispute’ and ‘Trade Union’ under the Trade Union Act 1926. 5
b. What are the essential elements required to be furnished before the Registrar of Trade Union along with an
application of a Trade Union for getting registration ? 5
9. a. Define the term layoff . 4
Explain the exceptions stated in Sec 25A of the Industrial Disputes act regarding exemption of establishments
from lay –off.
b. Explain the exceptions vide Amendment of 1976 regarding the natures of eligibility of establishments to which
the provisions of Lay –off apply . 6
10. a. What is meant by ‘ continuous service’ in mater of lay –off compensation. 4
b. Who is a badly workman. What are his rights regarding lay-off compensation. 6
11. a. What are the rights of a workman regarding to compensation on being laid -off 5
b. Explain the statutory requirement of lay off by employer vide Amendment of 1976 in Chapter V – B of the Act.
5
12. SHORT NOTES: a. Basic Wages b. Dearness Allowance 5+5
Page 21 of 51
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION:
Full Marks-80
2019
1. (a) What are the objects of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
(b) What are the salient features of this Act? 20 +20
2. (a) Who are the authorities under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947?
(b) Write a short note on powers and functions of those authorities. 15+25
3. (a) What are the various methods of settlement and adjudication of Industrial dispute?
(b) Define ‘Strike’ and ‘Lockout’. 20+20
4. (a) What is an ‘industrial dispute’?
(b) Who is an employer?
(c) Differentiate between ‘Lay-off’ and ‘Retrenchment’. 10+10+20
5. Enumerate the object of the ‘Industrial Employment (Standing Order) Act, 1946. What are the exceptions
to the application of the statute? 25+15
6. What are the matters provided in standing orders? Who is the authority to certify a draft of standing
order? What is the procedure for certification of standing orders? 40
7. (a) Define ‘Trade Union’ and ‘Trade Dispute’ under the Trade Union Act. 1926.
(b) State the provisions relating to the rights of minors to the relationship of Trade Union. 20+20
8. (a) What are the previleges of a Registered Trade Union?
(b) Write note on ‘Certificate of Registration’. 20+20
9. Discuss the rights and liabilities of registered Trade Unions. 40
10. Write a short notes on any four of the following : 10×4
(a) Closure
(b) Employer
(c) Trade Dispute
(d) Workmen
(e) Unfair Labour Practice
(f) Wages
Page 22 of 51
(g) Establishment.
2018
1. (a) What is Industrial Dispute? Whether individual dispute can be treated as Industrial Dispute?
(b) What are the salient features of the Industrial Disputes Act,1947? 10+6
2. (a) What are the conditions precedent for closing down an undertaking under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
(b) What penalties can be imposed on the employer who closes down an undertaking without complying with the
provisions of the Act? 10+6
3. (a) Explain the prohibitions as laid down in the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, pertaining to 'Strike' and 'Lock-out'.
(b) Differentiate between ‘Lay-off and 'Retrenchment'. 10+6
4. (a) Briefly discuss the various authorities under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
(b) How Reference of disputes referred to Boards, Court or Tribunal by Government under Industrial Disputes Act,
1947? 8+8
5. (a) How a Trade Union is formed under the Trade Union Act, 1926 8+8
(6) What procedures are laid down for registration of a Trade Union under the said Act?
6. (a) What are the privileges of a Registered Trade Union? 4+12
(b) What are the objects on which the general funds and political find of a registered Trade Union can be spent
Order'? What is the procedure for Order under the Industrial Employment fortification of Standing Order. 10+6
modification of Standing Order under the Ins related to penalties and procedures in case bit Draft Standing Order
under the said Act. 6+10
continuous service' in the matter of Lay-off
7. (a) What do you mean by 'Standing Order'? WI submission of draft Standing Order under (Standing Order) Act,
1946?
(b) Discuss the method of certification of
8. (a) Is there any provision for modification
Industrial Employment (Standing Order) a
(b) Discuss the provisions related to penal
of failure to submit Draft Standing Ord
o(a) What is meant by 'continuous service in the ma compensation?
(b) Who is 'badly workman'? What are his rights reworkman'? What are his rights regarding Lay-off compensation?
16+10
Page 23 of 51
10. Write short notes on any four of the following: 4x4
(a) Unfair Trade Practices
(b) Employer
(c) Basic Wage
(d) Closure
(e) Public Utility Services
(f) Subsistance Allowance
(g) Trade Dispute
2017

1. (a) Define "Industry" under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. [6]
(b) Define "Wages" under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. [4]
(c) Can an Individual Dispute be an Industrial Dispute? Give your answer based on relevant legal provision and
judicial decision. [6]
2. (a) Define 'Strike' and 'Lock-out' as laid down under the ID Act, 1947. [6]
(b) When can Strike and Lock-out be declared illegal? [6]
(c) What are the penalties prescribed under the ID Act, 1947 for 'Illegal strikes'
and 'Lock-outs"? [4]
3. (a) Define the term 'Industrial Dispute'. [8]
(b) Distinguish between any two: (4x2]
(i) Lock-out and Closure.
(ii) Lay-off and Retrenchment.
(iii) Lay-off and Closure.
(iv) Board of Conciliation and Court of Enquiry
4. Write short notes on (any two): [8x2]
(a) Award.
(b) Retrenchment.
(c) Wages.
(d) Badli Workman.
(e) Public Utility Service.
(1) Employer.
(g) Works Committee.
5. (a) State the provisions relating to the right of minors to the membership of Trade Union.
(b) Define 'Trade Dispute' and Trade Union' under the Trade Union Act, 1926.
(c) How is a Registered Trade Union dissolved? [6+6+4)
6. (a) What are the essentials to be furnished before the Registrar of Trade Union along with an application of a
Trade Union forgetting registration? [4]
(b) How can two or more unions amalgamate? [4]
(c) Write short notes on (any two): [4x2]
(i) Appointment of Registrar.
Page 24 of 51
(ii) Power of Registrar.

(iii) Privileges of registered Trade Union.
(iv) Office-bearers
7. (a) How is the Inspector appointed under Factories Act? [8]
(b) What are the power of an Inspector, as provided under the factories Act, 1948?
8. (a) Define the following (any two): [4x2]
(i) Adult.
(ii) Adolescent.
(iii) Child.
(b) Can a child who has not completed his 14th year be employed in a factory? Discuss. [8]
9. Discuss the health, safety and welfare of workers under the Factories Act, 1948. [16]
10. Write short notes on any four): [4x4]
(a) Partial Disablement.
(b) Total Disablement.
(c) Employer.
(d) Occupational Diseases
(e) Commissioner.
(f) Wages.
(g) Serious Bodily Injury.
(h) Qualified Medical Practitioner.
2016

1. (a) What are the objects of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
(b) What are the salient features of this Act? 10+6
2. (a) What are the various methods of settlement and adjudication of Industrial Disputes?
(b) Define ‘strike’ and ‘lockout’ as laid down under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. 10+6
3. (a) What are the duties of conciliation officers under the Industrial Disputes Act?
(b) On whom shall an award of a Labour Court, Tribunal or National Tribunal be binding?
(c) How long can an award remain in force? 10+3+3
4. (a) What are the conditions precedent for closing down an undertaking under the Industrial Disputes Act?
(b) What penalties can be imposed on the employer who closes down an undertaking without complying with
provisions of the Act? 10+6
5. (a) Define ‘Trade Union’ and ‘Trade Dispute’ under the Trade Union Act,1926.
(b) How is a registered Trade Union dissolved?
(c) State the provisions relating to the rights of minors to the membership of Trade Union. 4+4+8
6. (a) What are the privileges of a registered Trade Union ?
(b) What are the objects on which the general funds of a registered Trade Union may be spent?
(c) Write a note on ‘Certificate of Registration’. 6+6+4
7. (a) What is the procedure for submission of draft standing orders under the Industrial Employment (Standing
Orders) Act,1946?
(b) Discuss the method of certification of Standing Orders. 8+8
8. (a) Enumerate the object of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act,1946.
(b) What are the exceptions to the application of the Statue? 10+6
9. (a) Differentiate between ‘Lay-Odd’ and ‘Retrenchment’.
(b) Discuss the procedure for retrenchment under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
(c) How can retrenched workman be re-employed?
(d) What are the rights of a workman as to compensation on being retrenched? 6+4+3+3
(a) Workman (b) Industrial Undertaking (c) Unfair Labour Practices
(d) Disqualification of Office-bearers (e) Badli-workman (f) Lay-off
(g) Lock-out (h) Employer
Page 25 of 51
2015

1. (a) Define 'Industry' as laid down under the Industrial Act, 1947. Does a Hospital came within the definition of an
Industry?
(b) What is public utility service under the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947? (10+6)
2. (a) Who are the authorities under the Industrial Dispute Act,1947?
(b) Write a short note on powers and functions of those authorities. (4+12)
3. (a) Who will referred the dispute to whom? What is the procedure for reference of dispute under Industrial Disputes
Act, 1947?
(b) On whom shall an award at a Labour court, Tribunal be binding? (4+6)+6
4. (a) Define the term 'Trade Union' under the Trade Unions Act, 1926?
(b) What is the procedure for registration of a Trade union?
(c)When can there giteration of a Trade Union be cancelled? (4+6+6)
5. Discuss the right sand liabilities of are glistered Trade Unions. (16)
6. (a) Define 'Trade Union' and 'Trade Dispute' under the Trade Unions Act, 1926.
(b) What are the objects in which General Funds of are glistered Trade Union may be spent?
(c) State provisions relating to the rights of minors to the membership of a Trade Union. (4+6+6)
7. (a) Enumerate the object of the Industrial Employment (Standing orders) Act, 1946.
(b) What are the exceptions to the applications to the application of the statute. (10+6)
8. (a) What are the matters provided in standing orders?
(b) Who is the authority to certify the draft of standing orders?
(c) What is the procedure for certification of a standing order? (8+2+6)
9. (a) Discuss procedure for retrenchment under Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
(b) How can retrenchment work man bere-employed?
(c)Distinguish between lockout and closure. (6+5+5)
10. Write short notes on any four :- (4×4)
(a) Industrial Dispute. (b) Public utility service. (c) Bad liwork man. (d) Closure.
(e) Trade Dispute. (f) Appellate Authority. (g ) Employer.
2014

1. a. What are the objects of the Industrial Disputes Act,1947? 10
b. What are the salient features of this Act? 6
2. a. What are the duties of Conciliation Officers under the Industrial Disputes Act?
b. On whom shall an award of a Labour Court, Tribunal or National Tribunal be binding.
c. How long can an award remain in force? 10+3+3
3. a. What is the conditions precedent for closing down an undertaking under the Industrial Disputes Act? 10
b. What are penalties can be imposed on the employer who closes down an undertaking without complying with the
provisions of the Act. 6
4. a. What and under what circumstances strike become illegal under Industrial Disputes Act ,1947? 10
b. Compare and contrast strikes and lock-outs. 6
5. a. How a Trade Union is formed under the Trade Unions Act, 1926? 10
b. What procedures are laid down for registration of a Trade Union under the said Act? 6
6. a. Discuss the specific objects to form political funds under the Trade Unions Act.
Page 26 of 51
b. Is there any provision for change of name of a Trade Union or of amalgamation of two or more Trade Unions
under the said Act? Discuss. 10+6
7. a. What is the procedure for submission of draft Standing Orders under Industrial Employment (Standing Orders)
Act, 1946? 8
b. Discuss the method of Certification of Standing Orders. 8
8. a. Is there any provision for modification of Standing Orders under Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act?
Discuss. 10
b. What legal measures can be taken by the aggrieved employers or workmen or Trade Unions against the order of
the Certifying Officer under the said Act? 6
9. Write short notes on any four: 4x4
a. Workmen. b. Industrial undertaking. c. Unfair labour practices
d. Continuous service. e Unregistered Trade Union. f. Disqualification of Office-bearers
g . Subsistence allowance
2013
1. a. Define ‘Industry’ as laid down under the Industrial Disputes Act,1947. Does an educational Institution come
within the definition of an Industry?
b. What is an “ Industrial Dispute’?
c. Who is an ‘employer’? 10+4+2
2. a. What are the various methods of settlement and adjudication of Industrial Dispute?
b. Define ‘Strike’ and ‘Lockout’ as laid down under the Industrial Disputes Act,1947. 10+3+3
3. a. Differentiate between ‘ Lay-off’ and ‘Retrenchment’ .
b. Discuss the procedure for retrenchment under Industrial Disputes Act 1947
c. How can retrenched workmen be re-employed?
d. What are the rights of a workman as to compensation on being retrenched? 6+4+3+3
4. a. Define ‘ Trade – Union’ and Trade Dispute’ under Trade Unions Act ,1926.
b. How is a Registered Trade Union dissolved ?
c. State the provision relating to the rights of minors to the membership of Trade Union. 4+4+8
5. a. What are the privileges of a registered Trade Union?
b. What are the objects on which the general funds of a registered Trade Union may be spent?
c. Write a note on ‘Certificate of Registration’. 6+6+4
6. Enumerate the object of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1946. What are the exceptions to the
applications of the Statute? 10+6
7. What are the matters provided in Standing Orders? Who is the authority to certify a draft of standing
order? What is the procedure for certification of standing orders? 6+2+8
8. a. On whom shall an award at a labour court, Tribunal be binding ?
b. How long can an award remain in force?
c. What protection is available to a workman whose name is borne on the muster-rolls at an industrial
establishment against lay –off? 4+4+8
Page 27 of 51
9. Write short notes on any four: 4x4

a. Badli Workmen b. Closure c. Public Utility Service d. Establishment
e. Wages f. Rules of Trade Union g. Power of Register.
Page 28 of 51
TAXATION LAW
SYLLABUS
Part: I Income Tax
1. Income Tax:
a. Important definitions in the Income Tax act, 1961.
b. Basis of Charge; Concepts of Previous Year and Assessment Year.
c. Charge of Income Tax.
d. Residential Status of Assessee and Scope of Total Income.
e. Income deemed to be received / deemed to accrue or arise in India.
2. Incomes which do not form Part of Total Income.
3. Heads of income.
4. Special provisions relating to Income of Political Parties.
5. Provisions Governing Computation of Income under the Heads:
a. Salaries.
b. Income from House Property.
c. Capital Gains.
6. Deduction from Gross Total Income.
7. Computation of Total Income and Tax payable thereon.
8. Relief when Salary, etc., is paid in arrears or in advance.
9. Provisions relating to Filing of Return of Income.
10. Return by whom to be signed.
11. Self Assessment.
12. Inquiry Before Assessment.
13. Assessment.
14. Best Judgment Assessment.
15. Income Escaping Assessment.
16. Appeals.
17. Revisions.
Part II: West Bengal Value Added Tax (VAT):
1. Concept, Advantages and Disadvantages.
2. General Principles of State Level VAT and VAT vs. Sales Tax.
3. Definitions:
Business, Capital Goods, Casual Dealer, Dealer, Goods, Input Tax, Input Tax Credit, Manufacture, Maximum
Retail Price (MRP), Net Tax, Purchase Output, Tax, Reverse Credit, Purchase Price, Sales Price, Taxable
Goods, Tax Invoice, Turnover of purchases, Turnover of Sales, Zero Rated Sale.
4. Incidence and Levy of Tax.
5. Registration of Dealer, Payment of Tax and Filing of Return.
Part III: Service Tax:
1. Service Tax: Concepts and salient Features.
2. Territories to which Service Tax applies.
3. Difference between Commodity Tax and Service Tax.
4. Charge of Service Tax and Taxable Services.
5. Valuation of Taxable Services.
6. Payment of Services Tax and Filing of Return.
INTERNAL EXAMINATION - FULL MARKS- 20
Page 29 of 51
2019
Answer any FIVE questions: 5x3=15

1. Describe Direct Tax and Indirect Tax.
2 Distinguish between Tax Planning, Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion.
3. Write short notes on Exemption, Deduction and Relef.
4 Define 'Person' as in Income Tax Act, 1961.
5. What are the exceptions to the general Rule that 'the income of the previous year is taxed in the following
assessment year'?
6. What are the various Heads of Income under the Income Tax Act, 1961 ?
7. Distinguish between Heads Income and Sources of Income.
8. Enumerate 05 income which are exempted from tax under the I.T. Act, 1961.
9. For an income to be charged to tax under the head 'Salaries' must there be employer-employee relationship
between payer and payee? Is foregone salary taxable ?
10. What is House Property for chargeability of its income to tax?
11. Describe House Properties which are exempted from tax.
12. What is Capital Asset as per section 2 (14) of the I.T. Act, 1961 and what is does note include ?
B. Answer any TWO questions: 2x22
i) What are the advantages of Value Added Tax ?
ii) What are the differences between VAT and CST ?
iii) Mention a few conditions the fulfilment of which make a registered purchaser eligible for input tax credit.
iv) Enumerate a few 'Goods' which are not eligible for Input Tax Credit under the West Bengal VAT Act, 2003.
v) Define Goods and Capital Goods under the W.B. VAT Act, 2003.
2018
(Answer any THREE questions : 3x4=12)

1. Is Income Tax referred to as Direct Tax or Indirect Tax Rates of income tax every year remixed under which Act?
Which arm of Indian Administration passes this Act fading rates
2.Name the different Heads of Income under which income of an assessed is computed under the Income Tax Act,
1961. Is an expenditure in relation to an income not forming part of total income allowable as deduction under this
Act?
3. Define the term 'Salary' under the I.T. Act, 1961. How is Standard Deduction treated in computing Income under
the head 'Salaries'?
4. Distinguish between Capital Receipt and Revenue Receipt. "A Capital Receipt is generally exempt from tax unless it
is expressly taxable.".......... Discuss.
5. At the time of computation of income under which head of income 'Annual Value' is taken up? What is referred to
as "Annual Value'?
6. Give a list of 08 incomes which do not form part of total income while computing income tax
7. Discuss the difference between Self-Assessment and Best Judgment Assessment under I.T. Act, 1961.
8. After assessment by Income Tax Officer if an assessee is aggrieved which all fora of Appeal are open to the latter ?
PART-II (Value Added Tax)
(Answer any TWO questions: 2x3=6)
9. State the advantages of introduction of Value Added Tax in India.
10. Define in the light of the W.B.V.A.T. Act, 2003 any 02 of the following:
i) Business
ii) Goods
iii) Tax Invoice
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iv) Maximum Retail Price Sale

v) Capital Goods
vi) Reverse Credit
vii) Zero-rated sale
11. Which transactions attract tax under the W.B.V.A.T. Act, 2003 ?
12. For what purchases a registered dealer is entitled to input tax credit?
13. When can a dealer pay value added tax under the Composition Scheme?
PART-III (Service Tax)
(Answer any ONE question:1x2=2)
14. What is the basic threshold limit for taking registration under Service Tax provision 2
What is the basic threshold limit for payment of Service Tax?
15. Is Service Tax payable in case of free services and export of services?
16. Specify any 08 services mentioned in the Negative List of Service Tax Rules.
17. Mention 04 cases where the recipients of service can be made liable to pay Service Tax .
2017
Group - A : (Income Tax Act, 1961)
Answer any FIVE questions carrying 02 marks each.
1. What are the various Heads of Income under the IT. Act, 1962
2. Who is an Assessee?
3. What are Previous Year and Assessment Year?
4. What are Capital Receipts and Revenue Receipts?
5. What is the difference between Exemption and Deduction?
6. Give five examples of Income from other sources?
7. What is the relevance of Residential Status?
8. Is it necessary that for an income in the hand of the payee to be treated as
9. Salary Income, there should be employer-employee relationship?
10. When are an Indian Company and a Foreign Company considered resident in India?
11. What are the permissible Deductions from Salary Income?
Group - B: (The WB Value Added Tax Act, 2003)
Answer any TWO questions carrying 03 marks each -
1. What are the main objects for levying value added tax after replacing sales tax'?
2. On what transactions are value added tax levied?
3. Define any TWO of the following:
a) Goods
b) Capital Goods
c) Input Tax
d) Output Tax
e) Input Tax Credit
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(f) Tax Invoice
4. Describe any four conditions which a dealer must fulfil to get Input Tax Credit
Group-C: (Service Tax)
Answer any TWO questions carrying 02 marks each
1. By which Act was Service Tax first introduced in India?

2. Which Government administered the levy & collection of Service Tax and which department was vested
with its administrative control?
3. From 01.07.2012 the concept of taxation on services was changed from a Positive List of Services to a
Negative List Regime Explain
4. Name any one example where payment of service tax is the liability of the service recipient and not the
provider.
2016
Group – A: Answer Any Three Questions: 4 X 3=12
1. Who is an assessee ?
2. What do you understand by ‘Previous Year’.
3. Define ‘Person’.
4. Name the various Heads of Income.
5. What is ‘Agricultural Income’ ?
6. What do you understand by ‘Foreign Income’ ?
7. How is Residential Status determined?
8. Briefly explain the procedure of calculating income tax liability when an assessee has both Agricultural
Income and Non-Agricultural Income.
9. Name any six Incomes exempt from income tax.
10. When does an Appeal lie to the Supreme Court under the Income Tax ACT, 1961 ?
Group – B : Answer Any One Question: 4 x 1=4
11. Is registration compulsory under West Bengal VAT ACT ?
12. Who is liable to pay Value Added Tax (VAT) ?
13. Discuss with suitable exempt of various methods for computation of VAT liability.
14. Briefly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT system.
GROUP – C : Answer ANY ONE question: 4 x 1=4
15. Is Service Tax a Direct Tax ?
16. Is Service Tax applicable to the whole of India ?
17. What is the present rate of Service Tax in India ?
18. Discuss the salient features of Service Tax in India
2014
Group A: Answer Any Three Questions:
1. Who is an Assessee under Income Tax Act, 1961? What do you mean previous year and assessment year? 3+2
2. Define ‘Person’ under Income Tax Act,1961 . Distinguish between Associations of person and Body of individuals.
2+3
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3. What is Income Tax under Income Tax Act,1961? Which incomes are deemed to be accrued and received? 3+2
4. What are various Heads of Income under Income Tax Act,1961? Distinguish between Heads of Income and
Sources of Income. 2+3
5. How do you determine the Residential status of an Individual ? Explain. 5
6. What do you mean by ‘ Income Exempt from Tax’? Mention five items of Income which are exempted from Tax
under Income Tax Act,1961 2+3
7. What a do you mean by ‘Income from other Sources’? Give five examples of ‘ Income from other Sources’. 2+3
8. Define Salary. Is it necessary to have employer-employee relationship to adjudge an income as Salary? 2+3
9. What is ‘Best Judgement Assessment’? What remedies are available against ‘ Best Judgement Assessment’? 2+3
10. When does an Appeal lie to the Supreme Court under Income Tax Act, 1961 ? 5
GROUP B
Answer Any One Questions:
1. a. ‘Input tax credit is not allowed to every registered dealer ‘- Justify the statement in the light of West
Bengal VAT Act . 3
b. From which date manual application for registration under WBVAT Act was completely abolished? 1
c. Is registration compulsory under WBVAT Act ? 1
2. Explain the provision relating to levy of VAT under Composition Scheme with special reference to rate of tax
under this scheme .
2013
Answer any five questions: 5x2

1. Define Person?
2. Who is an Assessee under the Income tax Act,1961?
3. Define Assessment Year and Previous Year .
4. Distinguish between AOP and BOI.
5. What are various Heads of Income under Income Tax Act , 1961?
6. What is Income Tax?
7. Give two examples of Income exempt from Tax .
8. What are the dates for filling the Return ?
9. Discuss the taxability or otherwise of a non-professional Cricket received an award of Rs 60,000/- for his
performance.
10. Discuss the taxability or otherwise of A , who claims that he shall not be treated as resident in India for the purpose
of assessing his tax –liability in Indian as he is a British National.
11. Discuss the taxability or otherwise Salary paid by the Government for services rendered outside India to the non-
resident assessee who is a citizen of India .
12. What is Standard Deduction?
13. For a Foreigner what are the basic conditions for the purpose of detrmining his residential status?
14. What is Taxable Income ?
15. What is meant by Tax ?
16. In which list of the Indian Constitution of the matter relating to levy of tax on Sale is enlisted ?
17. Define the form Zero Rated Sales under West Bengal value Added Tax ACT .
18. What are the differences between VAT & CST.
Answer Any Two Questions: 5x2
Page 33 of 51
19. What do you mean by Income under Income Tax Act,1961?

20. What are the Incomes deemed to accrue or arise in India?
21. What is basis of charge of Income Tax under Income Tax Act, 1961?
22. Define and explain Belated Return and Revised Return.
23. What is Self Assessment Income?
24. What do you mean by Best Judgement Assessment?
25. What is the meaning of “ Income deemed to be received’ under the income tax Act ?
26. Define the term ‘ Salary’ under the Income-Tax Act . Explain the significance of employer and employee
relationships in context of it.
27. “ Income- Tax is charged on an inherent earning of the building and such earning capacity is termed as Annual
Value”- In the light of the above statement what is Annual Value? What are the criteria for determining the Annual
Value under the Income Tax Act .
28. Describe the different Appellate authorities under the Income Tx Act , stating against which order the appeal may
be preferred by the appellant naming in each stage . When does an appeal lie to the National Tax Tribunal?
29. Can a return furnished in response to Notice under se.142(1) be revised?
30. Define the terms (any two) under West Bengal VAT Act:
i. TAX Credit
ii. Turnover of purchase
iii. Maximum Retail Price
iv. Tax Invoice.
31. What are the advantages and disadvantages of VAT?
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION
FULLMARKS-80
2019
Answer any one question.
1. Define and Discuss the following under the Income Tax Act, 1961 : 10×4
(a) Person and Assessee
(b) AOP and BOI
(c) Income
(d) Assessment year and Previous year.
2. (a) How to determine Residential status of an Individual under the Income Tax Act?
(b) Distinguish between the following :
(i) Tax Planning and Tax Evasion
(ii) Capital Receipt and Revenue Receipt.
20+(10+10)
3. (a) Give eight examples of ‘Income from other sources’.

(b) Give eight incomes which are entirely exempted from Income Tax. 20+20
4. What is ‘Permanent Account Number’? List out persons who are liable to apply for allotment of PAN.
What are the cases where quoting of PAN is compulsory? 40
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5. Define salary, according to Income Tax Act. Explain the importance of employer - employee relationship.
Distinguish between Source of Income and Heads of Income. 40
6. (a) Define Self Assessment Income. What is Income Escaping Assessment?

(b) What is Best Judgement Assessment? What remedies are available against such assessment? 20+20
Answer any one question.
7. (a) Define VAT. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT system.
(b) Distinguish between VAT and Sales Tax.(5+20)+15
8. Write short notes on any four :10×4
(a) Business
(b) Zero Rated sale
(c) Goods
(d) Casual dealer
(e) Manufacture
(f) Input Tax.
9. What is Service Tax? Discuss salient features of Service Tax in India. Who are liable to pay Service Tax? 40
10. (a) Define ‘Service’. What do you mean by ‘Declared Service’?

(b) Specify the services not taxable in India. 20+20
2018
Group- A
1. Define and discuss the following under Income Tax Act, 1961: 4x4
(a) Assessee
(b) Assessing Officer
(c) Assessment year and Previous year.
(d) Company
2. (a) (1) Explain the nature of exempted income of the Political Party. What are the conditions for exemption from
payment of Income tax by the Political Party?
(b) Explain the importance of notice under section 142(1) and 143(2) of Income Tax Aat, 1961. 4+4+8
3. (a) Define Income. What are the various heads of Income under the Income tax Act? Distinguish between Source
of Income' and "Heads of Income'.
(b) What do you mean by 'Income from other sources'? Give eight examples of Income from other sources.
(2+2+4) +8
4. (a) How to determine Residential Status of an individual under Income Tax Act?
Page 35 of 51
(6) Distinguish between the following: (i) Tax Planning and Tax Evasion.
(ii) Earned Income and Unearned Income. 8+(4+4)
J. (a) Give a comprehensive study of Commissioner's Power of Revision w/s 263 and 264 of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
What is the remedy available to the 'assessee' against revisionary orders of the Commissioner under section 263 of
the said Act? 10+6
(b) When does an appeal lie to the Supreme Court? Write notes on best Judgement Assessment and Income
Assessment
Group-B
West Bengal Value Added Tax (VAT)
Answer any one question
7. (a) What is VAT? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT system.
(b) Distinguish between VAT and Sales Tax
(c) What is Input Tax? (2+6)+4+4
8. Define and explain the following concept under West Bengal VAT Act
(a) Business
(b) Dealer
c) Goods
(d) Input Tax Credit
Group-C
(Service Tax)
Answer any one question
9. (a) What do you mean by ‘Service Tax'? - Explain.
(b) Who is liable to pay Service Tax?
(c) Explain the procedure for filling return of Service tax.
(2) Distinguish between Commodity Tax and Service Tax. 4+4+4+4
8. (a) Define 'Service'. What do you mean by 'Declared SERV Service?
(b) Discuss the provisions relating to payment of service consequences if a person is liable to pay Service as
such tax. 8+8
2017
Group - A
(Income Tax)
Answer any three Questions:
1. (a) State whether the following statement are true or false: (10)
(i) Casual income in altogether exempted from taxation.
(ii) Res Judicata is applicable in taxing statute.
Page 36 of 51
(iii) VAT is an example of Direct Tax.

(iv) Any income from provident find is wholly exempted from Income Tax.
(v) The institute is Chartered Accountants of India has to pay tax on all
of its income.
(vi) The employer-employee relationship is mandatory for an income
adjudged under the head 'Salaries'.
(vii) University of Calcutta is a natural person.
(viii) Previous year is also termed as uniform previous year.
(ix) Educational Scholarship is exempted from tax.
(x) Income of the Cricket Control Board is wholly exempted from Income Tax.
(b) How would you determine the Residential State of an individual under the
Income Tax Act? [6]
2. (a) Give eight examples of "Income from other sources". [8]
(b) State eight incomes which are entirely exempted from Income Tax. [8]
3. What is 'Permanent Account Number"? List out persons who are liable to apply
for allotment of PAN. What are the cases where quoting of PAN is compulsory? [16]
4. Define the term Salary, according to Income Tax Act. Explain the importance of employer-employee relationship.
Distinguish between Source of Income and Heads of Income. [16]
5. (a) Give a comprehensive study of Commissioner's power of revision u/s 263 and
264 of the Income Tax Act. What is the remedy available to the assessed?
against revisionary order of the commissioner.[10]
(b) When does an appeal lie to the Supreme Court? [6]
6. Write notes on Best Judgement Assessment and Income Escaping Assessment. [16]
Group - B
(West Bengal Value Added Tax)
Answer any one Question:
7. (a) Define 'VAT". Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT system. [10]
(b) Distinguish between VAT and Sales TAX. [6]
8. Write short notes on any four: [4x4]
(a) Capital Goods.
(b) Input Tax.
(e) Zero Rated Sale.
(d) Business.
(e) Goods.
(1) Casual Dealer
(g) Manufacture.
Group - B
(Service Tax)
Answer any one Question:
9. What is Service Tax? Discuss the salient feature of Service Tax in India. Who are
liable to pay Service Tax? [16]
10. Define 'Service'. What do you mean by Declared Service? Specify the services
taxable in India. [16]
2016
Group–A: (Income Tax): Answer Any Three Questions:
1. (a) State whether the following statements are True or False (any eight) : 1x8
(i) Income Tax is indirect tax.
(ii) Casual income is exempt from taxation.
(iii) Adjudicate principle is applicable in taxing statuses.
(iv) VAT is an ideal example of direct tax.
(v) Any income from Provident Fund is wholly exempt from Income Tax.
(vi) The employer employee relationship is not mandatory for an income to be adjudged under the head ‘Salaries’.
(vii) Shares held for more than 12 months are treated as long term capital assets.
Page 37 of 51
(viii) Daily allowances paid to MLAs and MPs are part of their taxable income.
(ix) The incidence of taxation depends on the residential status of assesses.
(x) Any arrear of salaries received in previous year, if not taxed in any earlier previous year, shall be taxable in
the year of receipt.
(b) State briefly the criteria to be fulfilled under section 6 to make an individual.
(i) A resident and ordinarily resident.
(ii) A resident but not an ordinarily resident.
2. (a) What are the conditions for exemption from payment of Income Tax by tical party? 8
(b) “Income tax is a single tax, a tax on the total income, not on a collection levied separately on each head of
income”. Discuss the above principle on text of Income Tax law in India. 8
3. (a) State eight incomes which are entirely exempt from Income Tax. 8
(b) Distinguish between “Source of Income” and “Heads of Income”. 4
(c) State four incomes which are taxable under the head Income from Other. 4
4. (a) what is PAN? Who are required to obtain PAN? 3+5
(b) Give a list of eight transactions for which furnishing PAN is mandatory. 8
5. (a) What is a “Return of Income”? Who are the persons required to daily file a return of income? 3+5
(b) Write short notes on: 4+4
(i) Return of Loss (ii) Belated Return.
6. (a) Define Self Assessment Income. What is Income Escaping Assessment? 4+4
(b) What is Best Judgment Assessment? What remedies are available against assessment? 4+4
Group–B: (West Bengal Value Added Tax): Answer any one question
7. (i) Define VAT. Also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT. 2+8
(ii) Distinguish between VAT and Sales Tax. 6
(a) Business (b) Goods (c) Input Tax
(d) Casual Dealer (e) Manufacture (f) Zero Rated Sale.
Group–C: (Service Tax): Answer any one question

9. (a) Define ‘Service’. What do you mean by ‘Declared Service’? 8
(b) Specify the services not taxable in India. 4
(c) Specify the services taxable in India. 4
10. (a) What do you mean by Service Tax? 4
(b) Explain the salient features of Service Tax in India. 8
(c) Distinguish between Commodity Tax and Service Tax. 4
2015
1.a. State whether the following statement are true or false: 1x10
i. Dividend received by a share holder from a public limited company carrying on agricultural operation is
‘agricultural income’.
ii. A lump sum receipt is always a capital receipt.
iii. A mount receive done assignment of trademark is a capital receipt.
iv. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India as to pay tax on a lilts income.
v. The employer employee relationship is not mandatory for an income adjudged under the head ‘salaries’.
vi. Income of contract for service is included under the head ‘salaries’ for taxation purposes.
vii. Loss from speculation sin ‘silver’ maybe earned, forward against profit from speculations in ‘gold’.
viii. Shares and stock held for more than 12 months are treated as long-term capital assets.
ix. Regular assessment means the assessment made in sub-section 3 of section 143 or section 144.
x. Income of the Cricket Control Board is wholly exempted from Income tax.
b. “Total Income of an assessed cannot be determined without knowing his Residential status in India during the
previous year”– Explain the statement. 6
2. (a) What do you mean by the term ‘Assessed’ and ‘Assessment year’? 3
(b) Distinguish between ‘Source of Income’ and ‘Heads of Income’. 3
Page 38 of 51
(c) Define the term ‘salary’ under the Income Tax Act. Explain the Significance of the employer and employee
relationship in the content of it. 10
3 (a) what do you understand by Permanent Account Number? Discuss the procedure for allotment of this number
and issues. 8
(b) who are exempted from the requirement of quoting Permanent Account Number in their documents and
correspondences? 8
(c) B Ltd. A manufacturing company constructed residential flat sand let the moutto employees at a nominal rent
deductive from their salary. Determine the head under which rent a income of the company is to be
charged. 4
4. Explain the importance of-
(a) Notice under section 142(1) and notice under section 143(2) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. 8
(b) Discuss the provision relating to the best judgment assessment under the Income Tax Act. What is the remedy
against such assessment? 8
5. Give a comprehensive study of commissioner’s
(a) Power of Revision under section 263 and 264 of the I.T. Act 1961. What is the remedy available to the ‘assesse’
against revisionary orders of the commissioner under section 263 of the said Act? 10
(b) When does an appellate o the Supreme Court? 6
6. (a) Give eight examples of “Income from other sources”. 8
(b) State eight incomes which are entirely exempted from income tax. 8
7. (a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT system. 6
(b) Who is liable to pay Value Added Tax (VAT)? 2
(c) Discuss with suitable examples of various methods for computation of VAT liability. 8
8. Write Short notes on any four: 4x4
(a) Capital goods (b) Input tax (c) Reverse credit (d) Zero Rated Scale
(e) Business (f) Casual dealer (g) Goods (h) Manufacture.

9. (a) Discuss the salient feature of Service Tax in India. 8
(b) Who are liable to pay the service tax? 4
(c) Specify the services taxable in India. 4
10. (a) Explain the procedure for filing return of service tax. 4
(b) Distinguish between commodity tax and service tax. 4
(c) Discuss the provisions relating to payment of service tax. State the consequences if a person liable to pay
service tax fail to pay such tax.
2014
1. a. State whether the statements are ‘true’ or ‘false’: 1x8
i. Casual income is altogether exempted from taxation.

ii. Resjudicata or Estoppel principle is applicable in taxing statutes.
iii. VAT is an idea example of direct tax.
iv. Any income from Provident Fund is wholly exempted from Income Tax.
v. City Compensatory allowance is fully taxable.
vi. Any sum received under Keyman Insurance Policy including bonus is chargeable under the head Income
from other sources.
vii. Previous year is also termed as Uniform Previous Year.
viii. University of Calcutta is a natural person.
b . How would you determine the Residential Status of an individual under the Income Tax Act, 1961? 8
2 . a. Define and discuss the following under the Income Tax Act: 2x4
i. Person
Page 39 of 51
ii. Assessee
iii. Assessment Year and Previous Year
iv. AOP and BOI
b. Define Income . What are the various Heads of Income under Income Tax Act ? Distinguish between Head of
Income and Sources of Income. 2+2+4
3. a What do you mean by ‘Income Exempt from Tax’? State eight Incomes which are exempted from Tax under
Income Tax Act,1961 . 8
b. What a do you mean by ‘Income from other Sources’? Give eight examples of ‘Income from other Sources’ 8
4. a. “A Revenue Receipt is taxable as income, unless is expressly exempt under the Income Tax Act, Whereas the
‘Capital Receipt’ is generally exempt from Tax, unless it is expressly taxable.”- Discuss. 8
b. Distinguish between Capital Receipt and Revenue Receipt . 8
5. a Discuss the provisions under the Income Tax Act, 1961 relating to furnishing return in the following situations: 2x4
i. Return on Computer Readable Media ii. Return of Loss iii. Revised Return iv. Belated Return
b. What do you mean by Permanent Account Number ? Discuss the procedure for allotment of this number and
its use. 8.
6 . a. Define Self Assessment of Income. What is Income Escaping Assessment? 4+4
b. What is ‘Best Judgement Assessment’? What remedies are available against ‘Best Judgement Assessment’? 8
7. a. Define ‘VAT’ . Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of VAT System. 2+6
b . Distinguish between VAN and Sales Tax. 4

c . What is Input Tax.
8. a . Define and explain the following concepts under the West Bengal VAR Act: 2x4
i. Business
ii. Casual order
iii. Goods
iv. Zero rated sale.
b . Discuss the provisions relating to Registration of a Dealer under West Bengal VAT Act . Under what
circumstances the registration can be cancelled? 8

9. a . What d o you mean by ‘ SERVICE tax’?- EXPLAIN 4
b .Explain the salient features of the structure of Service tax in India . 8
c .Distinguish between Commodity Tax and Service Tax. 4
10. a. Define ‘Service’. What do you mean by ‘ Declared Service’? 4+4
b . Specify the services not taxable in India 8
2013

1. A. In each of the following sub –questions, only on answer is correct. Reproduce in full the correct answer
of the sub-questions. Do not give any reasoning for you answer. 1x8
i. Rates of Income-tax are fixed under:
a. The Income –tax Act;
b. The Finance Act ;
Page 40 of 51
c. An Ordinance.
ii. A person , who is a resident and ordinarily resident would have to pay tax on :
a. Income that is received in India alone;
b. Income that accrues or arises in India is received in India alone;
c. All incomes wherever they arise.
iii. A municipality will be assessed under the Income-tax etc , as:
a. An artificial judicial person;
b. An association of persons;
c. A local authority.
iv. Agricultural income includes :
a. Income from interest on arrears of rent payable in respect of land used for agricultural
purposes;
b. Income from sale of forest trees of spontaneous growth on which no operation for their
preservation and growth were performed;
c. Income from use of land for grazing cattle required for agricultural pursuits .
v. Salary payable by the Government of India to an Indian citizen for services rendered outside India :
a. Is taxable in India ;
b. Is not taxable in India;
c. Is includible in the total income for rate purposes only.
vi. Returns of income from persons deriving income only from ‘Salaries’ and for which accounts are
not maintained, are due by ;
a. September 30;
b. June 30;
c. July 31;
vii. The liability to pay tax in respect of income from house property is upon:
a. Tenant;
b. Legal owner;
c. Lessee
viii. An order of assessment under the Income Tax Act has to be made by ;
a. Commissioner of Income Tax;
b. Income-tax Inspector;
c. Assessing officer.
B. State briefly the criteria to be fulfilled under Section 6 to make an Individual; i. ‘resident’ and ii. ‘resident but
not ordinarily resident’. 8
2. A. i. Explain the nature of exempted income of the Political Party.
ii. What are the conditions for exemption from payment of Income- tax by the Political
Party? 4x4
B. “Income-tax is a single –tax , a tax on total income , not a collection of taxes levied separately on each head of
income’-Discuss in detail the above principle in the context of Income –tax Laws in India. 8
3. A. Distinguish between (any two) of the following : 6x2
i. Association of Person (AOP) and Artificial juridical person; ii. Earned income and Unearned income;
iii. Tax Planning and Tax Evasion; iv. Cost of Acquisition and Cost of Improvement.
B. Write brief note on the terms ( any one):
i. Assessee; ii. Zero coupon bond.
4. A . “Salary is the re-compensate or consideration given to a person for the pains he has bestowed upon another’s
business.” -In the light of the above statement . what are the basic elements of Salary ? Give a study of
employer-employee relationship under the head “Salaries”. 8
B. “Income- Tax is charged on an inherent earning of the building and such earning capacity is termed as Annual
Value”- In view of the above statement how the Annual Value is determined upon considering the relevant
factors . 8
5. A. Explain the significance of-Notice under Section 142(1) and Notice under Section 143 (2) of the I.T.Act, 1961. 8
Page 41 of 51
B. Give an outline of the provision relating to best judgement assessment under the Income-tax Act . What is the
remedy against such assessment ? 8
6. A. Give a comprehensive study of Commissioner’s Power of Revision u/s 263 and 264 of the Income-tax Act ,
1961. What is the remedy available to the ‘assessee’ against revisionary orders of the Commissioner under
Section 263 of the said Act ? 10
B. When does an appeal lie to the Supreme Court ? 6
7. a. Who is liable to pay Value Added Tax (VAT)? Discuss the advantages of introduction of VAT in India. 2+6
b. Discuss with suitable example of various methods for computation of VAT liability. 8
8. a Discuss the limitation of Value Added Tax (VAT) . 8
b. Write short notes on (any two): 4x2
i. Capital Goods ii. Input Tax iii. Reverse Credit iv Zero Rated Sale .

9.a. i. Is Service Tax a Direct Tax? 8
ii. Is Service Tax Law applicable to whole of India?
iii. Is Service Tax Law leviable only when the payment for services received?
iv. What is the present rate of Service Tax in India ?
v. Is Service Tax Return can be revised?
vi. Is Service Tax applicable in case of export of services?
vii. Is Service Tax payable in case of free services?
viii . Is Service Tax burden can be passed on to client/ user of service?
b. Discuss broadly the salient features of Service Tax in India. 8
10. a What do you mean by the taxable services ‘in context of Service Tax’? 16
b. i. Explain the procedure for filling return of Service TAX.
ii. Distinguish between Commodity Tax and Service Tax.
HONOURS PAPER I: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
SYLLABUS
1. Concept of Corporate Governance.

2. Corporate Governance: Historical Perspective.
3. Corporate Governance and Role of Institutional Investors.
4. Principles of Corporate Governance – OECD Guidelines:
a. The Right of Shareholders and Equitable Treatment of Shareholders.
b. The Role of Stakeholders and Equitable Governance.
c. Disclosure and Transparency.
5. Mechanism and Control;
a. Internal Corporate Governance Control.
b. External Corporate Governance Control.
6. The Legal Obligation of Board of Directors in Corporate Governance.
7. The Board – Management Relationship.
8. Shareholders’ Democracy, Majority Powers and Minority Rights, Prevention of Opposition and
Mismanagement.
9. Corporate Governance and Anglo-American Model.
10. The Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility
Page 42 of 51
EXTERNAL EXAMINATION: FULL MARKS-80
2019

1. Discuss the concept, nature and scope of Corporate Governance, with special reference to India, with
examples. 40
2. Discuss the historical evolution of Corporate Governance practices and regulations. 40
3. (a) Discuss the OECD guidelines on Corporate Governance with reference to the right of shareholders
and equitable treatment of shareholders.
(b) Write a brief note on Transparency and Disclosure norms in Corporate Governance. 25+15
4. Critically discuss the Anglo-American Model of Corporate Governance. Explain the impact of
Anglo-American model of Corporate Governance in India. 40
5. Discuss the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with special reference to the protection
of environment of India. 40
6. (a) Discuss the legal rights, expectations and interests of shareholders in Corporate Governance.
(b) Write a short note on the Majority and Minority shareholders in a company. 25+15
7. Discuss the following issues of Corporate Governance (any two) : 20×2
(a) Distinguish the roles of Board and Management
(b) Composition of Board
(c) Separation of the roles of CEO and Chairperson
(d) Election and appointments of the Board of Directors.
8. Write about the following concepts of Corporate Governance in India with special reference to the
Companies Act, 2013 : 10×4
(a) Institutional Investors
(b) Stakeholders
(c) Internal and External Control Mechanism in Corporate Governance
(d) SEBI and Corporate Governance.
2018
Answer any four questions
1. (a) Explain the nature and scope of Corporate Governance.
(b) Write a note on International Committee Recommendations on Corporate Governance 10+10
2. Write a note on historical development of Corporate Governance practices and regulations. 20
3. Elucidate the role of Corporate Social Responsibility for protection of environment in India. 20
4. Write a note on principles of Corporate Governance in the light of OECD Guidelines. 20
5. Discuss the legal obligation of Board of Directors in Corporate Governance Parodying 20
6. Explain Shareholder's democracy in context to prevention of oppression and mismanagement in a company. 20
7. Elucidate the Board and Management relationship under Corporate Governance. 20
8. Critically discuss the Anglo-American Model of Corporate Governance. 20
2017
Page 43 of 51
1. a. Discuss the meaning and concept of Corporate Governance with examples. 10

b. Explain the role of recent Acts and legislations in the corporate sector towards ensuring proper compliance. 10
2. Discuss the historical perspective of Corporate Governance in India and discuss the issues and challenges to
Corporate Governance. 20
3. Discuss the internal and external Corporate Governance in India. 20
4. Discuss the OCED guidelines on corporate governance with special reference to the right of the shareholders
and their equitable treatment.
Write a note on Transparency and Disclosure norms in Corporate Governance. 12+8
5. Describe the role and legal obligations of Board of Directors in Corporate Governance with special reference to
recent amendments in the law. 20
6. (a) “Corporate Governance is like a democracy of shareholders with special emphasis on prevention of
oppression and management” - Discuss with examples.
(b) Explain the Majority Power and Minority Rights under the Companies Act. 10+10
7. Discuss the evolution and development of Corporate Social Responsibility in India. 20
8. Write short notes on the following (any two): 10X2
(a) SEBI and Corporate Governance
(b) Internal and External Control Mechanisms in Corporate Governance
(c) Institutional Investors
(d) Transparency and Disclosure norms in Corporate Governance.
2016
1.”Existence of Civilised society is possibly dependent upon the survival of the Corporate ”.Discuss in the
light of historical development the Corporate governance in India 20
2.(a) Discuss the nature and scope of Corporate Governance. 10
(b) Explain the role of recent Acts and legislations in the corporate sector towards ensuring proper
compliance 10
3.”The Anglo American model of Corporate Governance depends more on legal protection as the basis of
good governance”. Discuss 20
4. (a)Discuss the OCED guidelines on corporate governance with special reference to the right of the
shareholders and their equitable treatment. 10
(b)What is the role of stakeholders in Corporate Governance? 10
5. (a)Explain the concept of Corporal Social Responsibility. 10
(b)Briefly discuss the measures adopted by the Indian Corporate sector to implement Corporate Social
Responsibility 10
6. (a)Critically discuss the role of shareholders in a Company. 10
(b) “Corporate Governance is like a democracy of shareholders with special emphasis on prevention of
oppression and management” - Discuss with examples. 10
7. Enunciate the relationship of Board of Directors vis-à-vis the management of a company in brief. 20
8. Write short notes on the following (any two): 10X2
(a) SEBI and Corporate Governance
(b)Internal and External Control Mechanisms in Corporate Governance
(c) Institutional Investors
(d) Transparency and Disclosure norms in Corporate Governance.
2015
Answer Any Four Questions 4X20
1. “Existence of Civilised Society is possibly dependent upon the survival of the Corporate”-Discuss in the light of the
historical development of the Corporate Governance in India.
2. “Rights and Accountability are two different attributes of Corporate Governance”- Justify
Page 44 of 51
3. Discuss the role of Corporate Social Responsibility in light of protection of environment in India.
4. Compare the OECD guidelines with the other guidelines as provided by the other countries to decide the basic
principles of Corporate Governance.
5. Enumerate the different models of Corporate Governance. Explain the impact of Anglo-American Model of
Corporate Governance in India. Critically discuss the Anglo-American Model of Corporate Governance.
6. Write a note on Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement in the light of series of amendments made in Clause 49 through
Companies Act,2013.
7. Discuss the following issues of Corporate Governance (any two of the following):-
a) Distinguishing the roles of board and management
b) Composition of Board
c) Separation of Roles of CEO and Chairperson
d) Election and Appointments of the Board of Directors.
8. Write about the following concepts of Corporate Governance in India with special reference to Companies Act, 2013:
a) Transparency b) Equitable Right
c) Institutional Investor d) Internal Control and Management of Companies
2014
Answer any Four Questions:
1. a. Explain the nature and scope of Corporate Governance . 10

b. Discuss the role of the recommendations of National Committees on Corporate Governance in India. What is
the impact of International Committee Recommendations and Enactments on Corporate Governance Standards
in India. 4+6
2. Discuss the historical evolution of Corporate Governance practices and regulations . 20
3. Describe the role and legal obligations of the Board of Directors in Corporate Governance with special reference to
recent amendments in the law . 20
4. a. Discuss the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility . 10
b. Briefly discuss the measures adopted by the Indian corporate sector to implement Corporate Social Responsibility.
10
5. “The Anglo American Model of Corporate Governance depends more on legal protection as the basis of good
governance.”- Discuss. 20
6. a. Discuss the Legal Rights, Expectations and Interests of Shareholders in corporate governance. 12
b. Write short note on the role of Majority and Minority Shareholders in a Company . 8
7. a. Discuss the OECD principles on Corporate Governance with special emphasis on disclosure and transparency. 10
b. “Stakeholders today must participate in the governance process.”- Justify 5
c. “There Should not be any discrimination among small, domestic and foreign shareholders in the corporate
governance framework .”- Discuss in brief. 20
2013
Answer Any Four Question:
1. a. Discuss the concept of Corporate Governance with examples . 10
b. Explain the role of recent Acts and legislations in the corporate sector towards ensuring proper compliance. 10
2. Discuss the legal obligation of the BOARD of DIRECTORS in Corporate Governance. 20
3. a . Explain the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility . 10
b. “The Indian Companies have adopted bouquet of measures to ensure Corporate Social Responsibility”- Give
an overview on the same 10
Page 45 of 51
4. a. Critically discuss the role of Shareholders in a Company . 10

b. “Corporate Governance is Like a Democracy of shareholders with special emphasis on prevention of
oppression and mismanagement”-Discuss with examples. 10
5. “The history of corporate governance leads the way for the modern corporate environment"-Discuss. 20
6. a. Discuss the OECD guidelines on corporate governance with special reference to the right of shareholders and
their equitable treatment . 10
b. What is the role of stakeholders in corporate governance ? 10
7. Enunciate the relationship of the Board of Directors vis-a-vis the management of company in brief. 20
8. Write short notes on the following : (any two) 10x2
a. The Anglo- American Model of Corporate Governance.
b. Transparency and Disclosure norms incorporate Governance .
c. SEBI and Corporate Governance
d. Internal and External Control Mechanism in Corporate Governance
Page 46 of 51
Honours Paper II: Probation and Parole
SYLLABUS
1. Introductory: Origin, Development and Objectives of Probation.
2. Release of Offenders on Admonition.
3. Release of Offenders on Probation: Distinction between the Criminal Procedure Code and the
Probation of Offenders Act regarding release of Offenders on Probation.
4. Procedural Options and Restrictions:
a. Offender’s Liability to pay compensation.
b. Restriction on imprisonment of offenders.
c. Appeal and Revision.
5. Removal of Disqualification Attached to Conviction.
6. Probation Officers: Control, Duties and Techniques of Supervision.
7. Parole: Origin and Development in the U.S. and in India.
8. Parole under Indian Prison laws with special reference to the West Bengal Correctional Services
Act, 1992.
9. Judicial Attitude to Probation and Parole in INDIA
EXTERNAL EXAMINATIONS: FULL MARKS-80
2019

1. Elaborate the Judicial pronouncements towards parole in India. 40
2. Write notes on any two of the following : 20×2
(a) Probation System in USA
(b) Parole Boards
(c) Parole Violation
(d) Probation Officers.
3. Discuss the origin and development of parole in the USA and India. 40
4. Discuss the essentials of an Ideal Parole System. Distinguish between Parole and Indeterminate
sentence. 25+15
5. Discuss the legislative historical perspective of Probation Law in India. What is the object of probation?
25+15
6. Distinguish between Probation and Suspended Sentence. Discuss the judicial approach to probation in
India. 15+25
7. Define Probation. State the differences between the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and
Probation of Offenders Act relating to release of offenders on probation. 15+25
8. Explain :
(a) Probation in U.K.
(b) Origin of the Probation System with special reference to the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. 20+20
2018
Answer any four questions
1. Write an essay on granting of Parole in India. Do you suggest any reforms in this regard? 20
Page 47 of 51
2. Describe the power of Court which has been applied in certain cases to release an offender on probation of good
conduct under the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. 20
3. Describe the power of Court which has been exercised in certain cases to release an offender on probation of good
conduct under the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958? 20
4. What are the restrictions on imprisonment of offenders under 21 years of age? 20
5. (a) What are the duties of Probation officers? Explain.
(b) Discuss the power of State Govt. to make rules to carry out the purpose of the Act. semblances 10+10
6. (a) Distinguish between parole and intermediate sentences
(b) Discuss the essentials of ideal Parole System. 10+10
7. Discuss the judicial outlook towards Parole in India Boteti outline. 20
8. Write a critical note on any two of the following: 20
(a) Admonition
(b) Probation System in U.S.A.
(c) Parole in Bonds
(d) Parole in U.K.
2017
1. Discuss the origin, development and objects of Probation. 20
2. Discuss the law relating to release of offenders on admonition. 20
3. Write a critical note on distinction between Criminal Procedure Code and Probation of Offenders Act
regarding release of Offenders on Probation. 20
4. Discuss the judicial attitude to probation and parole in India. 20
5. Discuss about Parole under Indian Prison laws citing case laws. 20
6. Discuss the origin and development of Parole in the USA and India. 20
7. Discuss various duties of Probation Officers in India. 20
8. Write a note on any two of the following: 10x2
(a) Restrictions on imprisonment of offenders under 21 years of age.
(b) Parole Bonds
(c) Offenders liability today compensation.
(d) Distinguish between Probation and Furlough.
2016
1.Define the term ‘Probation’. Discuss the origin and development of ‘probation ’in India with special reference to
U.S.A and U.K. 5+15
2.Define the term ‘Parole’. Discuss the origin and historical development of ‘Parole’ in India with special reference to
U.S. 5+15
3.Discuss the Judicial attitudes towards ’Probation’ in India. 20
4.Write short notes on (any two) 10+10
(a)Parole Violation and Conditions of Parole
(b)Object of Probation and Probation System in U.K
(c)The Probation of Offenders ACT,1958
(d)Judicial attitudes to Parole in India
5. (a)Discuss the essentials of ideal Parole System.
(b)Discuss briefly the major functions of the Probation Officer. 10+10
Page 48 of 51
6. (a)When can an offender be released? What is Parole Board ?

(b)When can an offender be released after admonition? 10+10
7. (a)What are the restrictions on imprisonment of offenders under 21 years of age?
(b) Discuss the techniques of Supervision of Probation Officers. 12+8
8. (a)Discuss the grounds of removal of Disqualification attached to Conviction and draw some useful suggestions
(b)Distinguish between Parole and intermediate Sentence. What is pre-Sentence report? 10+10
2015
Answer Any Four Questions 4x20
1. a) Define the term ‘Probation’.
b) What are the objects of Probation?
2. a) When can an offender be released after due admonition?
b) State the differences between the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and the Probation of Offenders Act
relating to release of offenders on Probation.
3. a) Who are Probation Officers? How are they appointed?
b) Discuss the duties of Probation Officers.
4. a) What is Parole? What are its objects?
b) Distinguish between parole and intermediate sentence
5. a) Discuss the essentials of ideal parole system.
b) What are the different conditions of parole system?
6. Discuss the judicial outlook towards parole in India.
7. What are the restrictions on imprisonment of offenders under 21 years of age? Discuss the consequences of failure
to observe the conditions of the bond.
8. Write notes on any two of the following:-
a) Parole Bonds b) Release of offenders on Probation of good conduct
c) Granting of Parole in India d) Probation system in U.S.A
2014
1. “Probation is method of treatment of offender who is considered fit to respond favourably to the rehabilitative
process within the society itself, without the necessity of being sent to institutional prisons.”- Explain the meaning
,nature and scope of the term probation in different countries. 20
2. a .What is the scope of probation under section 360 of Cr.P.C and under Probation of Offenders Act 1958?
b .Discuss the salient features of the Probation of Offenders Act 1958. 10+10
3. Describe the power of court which has been applied in certain cases to release an offender on probation of good
conduct under the Probation of Offenders Act,1958. 20
4. a. What are the restrictions on imprisonment of offenders under 21 years of age?
b. Which types of procedure will be maintained in case of offenders failing to observe conditions of bond?10+10
5. a What are the duties of probation officers? Discuss.
b. Discuss the power of state Govt. to make rules to carry out purpose of this Act. 10+10
6. Write an essay on granting of Parole in India . Distinguish Parole from Furlough. 20
7. Discuss the nature and origin of Parole in U.S.A. Explain Parole Boards and their functions in detail 20
8. Write short notes on any four of the following: 5x4
a. The object of Parole. b. Essentials of an Ideal Parole System.
e. Distinguish between Probation and Suspended Sentence. f. Probation in U.K
Page 49 of 51
2013
1. Write an essay on granting of Parole in India. Do you suggest any reforms in this regard . 20
2. What is Parole? Discuss the concept and object of Parole . Distinguish between Parole and indeterminate
sentence . 20
3. What are the essential requisites of an idea Parole system ? Discuss different conditions of Parole system .
When Parole system will be violated ? 20
4. a . Explain the concept and definition of Probation . 10
b. What are the objects of probation? Discuss the origin of probation system in India. 10
5. Section 4 of the Probation of OFFENDERS Act , 1958 empowers the Court to grant probation and it also deals
with the matters relating to the discretionary powers of the Judge to grant probation. 20
6. a. Under which circumstances an offender be released after due admonition.

b. Highlight the differences between the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and Probation of Offenders
Act relating to release of offenders on probation. 10+10
7. Who are probation officers? How are the appointed? Discuss their duties and techniques of supervision. 10+10
8. Write a critical note on any two of the following:
a. Parole in India . b. Pre-investigation report c. Probation system in USA. d. Admonition
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GOOD LUCK FOR YOUR SEMESTER …

MAY GOD BLESS YOU …
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भगवते न्याय देशाय च

JOGESH CHANDRA CHAUDHURI LAW

SYLLABUS & QUESTION PAPER BOOKLET

NAME OF STUDENT: ………………………………………………………………

ROLL NO: …………... SEC: ………

Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri Law College Students’ Union

DESIGNATIO E-CLASSES & E-STUDY BOOKLET

ALMINHAZ KARIM PRANIT BISWAS ESHITA SARKAR

ARKA TILAK BHADRA PREETAM MAJUMDAR PRAGATI PACHISIA

SHANKHARIT CHAKRABORTY AMANDEEP SINGH ZUNAID AKTER SARKAR

INTERNAL EXAMINATION: FULL MARKS 20

(Answer any FOUR questions: ) (4×5=20)

5.Distinguish between a Private Company and a Public Company

Answer any FOUR questions : 4x5=20

1.What is a Company ? State its essential features.

2.What is Memorandum of Association ? State its contents

3.Who are the members of a Company?

4.Distinguish between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association.

5.What is Prospectus? Explain mis-statement in prospectus.

7.Discuss the doctrine of Indoor Management.

8.Differentiate between a public and a private company.

9.What is winding up ? What are the different types of winding up?

10. Define Quorum

What are the consequences for absence of quorum?

11.Mention the different modes of appointment of Directors.

12 .What do you understand by 'Shares'?

What are the various kinds of shares ?

13. How can Articles be altered ?

14.Write a note on Dividendo.

15.Mention the steps for incorporating and registering

Answer any four questions: 5x4

GROUP –B: Answer any two questions: 5x2

EXTERNAL EXAMINATION: Full MARKS 80

Answer any five questions

(b) Distinguish between a private company and public company

3. (a) Define a Prospectus.

4. (a) Briefly describe the concept of corporate veil.

(b) How can Articles be altered? 10+6

(b) Write a note on remedies of debenture holders in case of non-payment. 10+6

Write short notes on (any four): 4x4

(a) Floating Charge

(d) Doctrine of Indoor Management

1. (a) What is a Company? [4]

(c) Pre-incorporation Contracts

10. Write short notes on any four : 4x4

3. a. What do you mean by Memorandum of Association? State the contents of a Memorandum.

Information Technology Law

1. Introduction: Object and subject-matter of Information Technology Law.

INTERNAL EXAMINATION: Full Marks 20

Answer any TWO questions: 10 x 2

2000? What are the functions of the Controller?

Attempt Any TWO Question only

Answer any two questions.

developments of the Law in the UK and India. 15+25

Information Technology Act, 2000 in India. 40

contraventions in India with illustrations. 40

5. (a) What do you understand by Digital signature and Electronic signature?

prevention and control of Cyber Terrorism. 40

10. Write short notes on any four of the following : 10×4

(a) Liabilities of Internet Service Providers