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Revision 1 (VEB3013)

The document discusses three questions related to highway engineering: 1. It determines the appropriate placement of a road sign informing drivers about an upcoming exit ramp based on sight distance calculations. 2. It evaluates the California Bearing Ratio from test data to determine the strength of a subgrade soil. 3. It demonstrates the graphical blending method to determine the optimal aggregate composition to meet specifications for an asphalt wearing course based on sieve analysis data.

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Muhd Syahid
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56 views6 pages

Revision 1 (VEB3013)

The document discusses three questions related to highway engineering: 1. It determines the appropriate placement of a road sign informing drivers about an upcoming exit ramp based on sight distance calculations. 2. It evaluates the California Bearing Ratio from test data to determine the strength of a subgrade soil. 3. It demonstrates the graphical blending method to determine the optimal aggregate composition to meet specifications for an asphalt wearing course based on sieve analysis data.

Uploaded by

Muhd Syahid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REVISION HIGHWAY ENGINEERING (VEB 3013)

1 An exit ramp is recently built in a West Coast Expressway (WCE) segment with
a grade of -2%. Speed limit of the WCE segment is 90 km/h, whilst speed limit of
the new exit ramp is 50 km/h.
a. Assuming that a driver can read a road sign within area of vision at a distance
of 5 m for every cm of letter height, determine where the road sign with letter
height of 15cm should be placed to inform the driver about the exit ramp.
b. Determine whether a driver of a car leading to the exit ramp with a speed of
80km/h at a distance of 40m from the exit ramp is aware about the road sign.

2. TABLE Q2 shows the result of a California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test on subgrade
soil. Determine CBR value of the subgrade soil.

TABLE Q2
Penetration (mm) Measured Load (kN)
0.5 0.046
1.0 0.112
1.5 0.286
2.0 0.597
2.5 0.918
3.0 1.194
3.5 1.481
4.0 1.733
4.5 2.011
5.0 2.278
5.5 2.558
6.0 2.831
6.5 3.053
7.0 3.294
7.5 3.581
3. TABLE Q3 presents the results of sieve analysis on aggregates that will be
used to produce Asphaltic Concrete (AC) 10 Wearing Course. Demonstrate
graphical blending method to determine aggregate composition to meet JKR
specification for AC 10 Wearing Course.

TABLE Q3
BS Sieve Size Coarse Fine Filler
(mm) % Passing % Passing % Passing
28 100 100 100
20 100 100 100
14 100 100 100
10 80 100 100
5 40 85 100
3.35 25 60 100
1.18 5 30 100
0.425 0 20 100
0.15 0 10 100
0.075 0 6 80
ANSWER

1. Speed limit of the WCE section is 90km/h  V1=90km/h


Speed limit of new exit ramp is 50km/h  V2= 50km/h
G= -2%, g= 9.81m/s2. Assume perception reaction time and convenient
deceleration are is 3Sec and 3.5m/s2, respectively.

a. Need to put road sign to reduce the speed from 90km/h (on WCE section)
to 50km/h (at new exit ramp)

𝑉𝑉12 − 𝑉𝑉22 902 − 502


𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 0.278𝑉𝑉1 𝑡𝑡 + = 0.278 (90)(3) +
𝑎𝑎 3.5
254 � ± 𝐺𝐺� 254 � − 0.022�
𝑔𝑔 9.81

= 140.53 m
Sign readability = (15) (5) = 75 m
Minimum distance of sign from exit ramp = 140.53 – 75 = 65.53 m
Therefore, can place the road sign at 66 m from exit ramp.

b. Sight distance to a point located at 40m from exit ramp is 66m + 75m – 40
=101m.
𝑉𝑉12 −𝑉𝑉22 902 −𝑉𝑉22
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆ℎ𝑡𝑡 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 101 = 0.278𝑉𝑉1 𝑡𝑡 + 𝑎𝑎 = 0.278 (90)(3) + 3.5
254� ±𝐺𝐺� 254� −0.022�
𝑔𝑔 9.81

 V2=71.5 km/h
If the driver was aware about the road sign, the speed of the vehicle at 40m
from exit ramp should be less than 71.5 km/h. Because the actual speed of
the vehicle at 40m from the exit ramp is 80 km/h, then the driver was a bit
too late to notice the road sign.
2.

3. JKR Spec for AC10 Wearing Course

BS JKR JKR
Sieve
Size Mid SPEC
SPEC (%)
(mm) (%)

28 100 100
20 100 100
14 100 100
10 90-100 95
5 58-72 65
3.35 48-64 56
1.18 22-40 31
0.425 12-26 19
0.15 6-14 10
0.075 4-8 6
Sieve Analysis Data

BS Sieve Size Coarse Fine Filler


(mm) % Passing % Passing % Passing
28 100 100 100
20 100 100 100
14 100 100 100
10 80 100 100
5 40 85 100
3.35 25 60 100
1.18 5 30 100
0.425 0 20 100
0.15 0 10 100
0.075 0 6 80

Graphical Blending  Refer to graph


Checking
Coarse Fine Filler Coarse Fine Filler Total JKR
BS Sieve
Size passing passing passing Passing
30% 67% 3% SPEC (%)
(mm) (%) (%) (%) (%)
100%
28 100 100 100 30 67 3 100 100 ok
20 100 100 100 30 67 3 100 100 ok
14 100 100 100 30 67 3 100 100 ok
10 80 100 100 24 67 3 94 90-100 ok
5 40 85 100 12 57 3 72 58-72 ok
3.35 25 60 100 8 40 3 51 48-64 ok
1.18 5 30 100 2 20 3 25 22-40 ok
0.425 0 20 100 0 13 3 16 12-26 ok
0.15 0 10 100 0 7 3 10 6-14 ok
0.075 0 6 80 0 4 2 6 4-8 ok
Pan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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