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    Rolling Defects Report

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    Mohamed Alkharashy
    Slivers are elongated pieces of metal attached at one end that have been hot worked into the surface of steel bars during rolling. They are common in low strength grades containing impurities like sulfur, lead, and copper that make the metal easier to tear. Slivers may be caused by the bar catching on equipment during rolling or pre-existing defects in the starting billet carrying through the process. Grades with high levels of impurities that weaken the metal are more prone to developing slivers.

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    Rolling Defects Report

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Alkharashy
    1K views4 pages
    Slivers are elongated pieces of metal attached at one end that have been hot worked into the surface of steel bars during rolling. They are common in low strength grades containing impurities like sulfur, lead, and copper that make the metal easier to tear. Slivers may be caused by the bar catching on equipment during rolling or pre-existing defects in the starting billet carrying through the process. Grades with high levels of impurities that weaken the metal are more prone to developing slivers.

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    Rolling Defects report

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    Rolling Defects report

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    Slivers are elongated pieces of metal attached at one end that have been hot worked into the surface of steel bars during rolling. They are common in low strength grades containing impurities like sulfur, lead, and copper that make the metal easier to tear. Slivers may be caused by the bar catching on equipment during rolling or pre-existing defects in the starting billet carrying through the process. Grades with high levels of impurities that weaken the metal are more prone to developing slivers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1K views4 pages

    Rolling Defects Report

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Alkharashy
    Slivers are elongated pieces of metal attached at one end that have been hot worked into the surface of steel bars during rolling. They are common in low strength grades containing impurities like sulfur, lead, and copper that make the metal easier to tear. Slivers may be caused by the bar catching on equipment during rolling or pre-existing defects in the starting billet carrying through the process. Grades with high levels of impurities that weaken the metal are more prone to developing slivers.

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    Slivers On Rolled Steel 

    Products
    May 17, 2012

    “Slivers are elongated pieces of metal attached to the base metal at one end
    only. They normally have been hot worked into the surface and are common to
    low strength grades which are easily torn, especially grades with high sulfur,
    lead and copper.”- AISI Technical Committee on Rod and Bar Mills, Detection,
    Classification, and Elimination of Rod and Bar Surface Defects

    Slivers are loose or torn segments of steel that have been rolled into the surface of the
    bar.

    Slivers may be caused by bar shearing against a guide or collar, incorrect entry into a
    closed pass, or a tear due to other mechanical causes. Slivers may also be the result of a
    billet defect that carries through the hot rolling process.

    This is my lab notebook sketch for slivers ‘back in the day…’

    Slivers often originate from short rolled out point defects or defects which were not
    removed by conditioning.

    Billet conditioning that results in fins or deep ridges have also been found to cause
    slivers and should be avoided. Feathering of of deep conditioning edges can help to
    alleviate their occurrence.
    Slivers often appeared on mills operating at higher rolling speeds.

    When the frequency and severity of sliver occurrence varies between heats,  grades, or
    orders, that is a clue that the slivers probably did not originate in the mill.

    This is how Slivers present under the microscope. Note decarburization (white
    appearance.)

    Slivers are often mistaken for shearing, scabs, and laps.  We will post about these other
    defects in the future.

    http://pmpaspeakingofprecision.com/tag/rolling-defects/
    Laps On Rolled Steel Products

    “Laps are longitudinal crevices at least 30 degrees off radial, created by folding
    over, but not welding material during hot working (rolling). A longitudinal
    discontinuity in the bar may exist prior to folding over but the defect generally
    is developed at the mill.”- AISI Technical Committee on Rod and Bar Mills, Detection,
    Classification, and Elimination of Rod and Bar Surface Defects

    Here is my lab notebook entry for a lap back in 1985…

    In plain language, a lap is a ‘rolled over condition in a bar where a sharp over fill or fin
    has been formed and subsequently rolled back into the bar’s surface.’

    Photo of a lap from AISI Surface Defects Manual.


    An etch of the full section shows what is going on in the mill. Laps were often related to
    poor section quality on incoming billets, although overfill scratches, conditioning gouges
    from “chipping” have also been shown to cause laps.

    Cross section of steel bar exhibiting laps (white angular linear indications). When two
    laps are present 180 degrees apart, the depth to which they are folded over can indicate
    where in the rolling the initial over fill ocurred. White indicates decarburization, which
    confirms my interpretation that this lapping occurred early in the rolling.

    Laps are often confused with slivers, and mill shearing which we shall describe and
    post soon.

    The term ‘lap seam’  is sometimes used, but it is careless usage; it implies the lap is
    caused by a seam – it is not; a seam is a longitudinally oriented imperfection, and so is
    used in this mongrel term as a shorthand way of saying ‘longitudinal.’

    Modern speakers sometimes try to use the word ‘lamination’ to describe laps but as we
    will see, not all lamination type imperfections are laps…

    http://pmpaspeakingofprecision.com/2012/05/15/laps-on-rolled-steel-products/

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