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    Trigonometry Formulas For Class 12: The Di!erence Between Trigonometric Identities and Trigonometric Ratios

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    The document discusses trigonometry formulas for class 12. It provides definitions of trigonometric identities and ratios. It then lists various trigonometric formulas including sum and difference formulas, double angle formulas, triple angle formulas, and formulas for converting products to sums and differences. It also covers half angle identities, complex relations, inverse trigonometric functions, and solved examples.

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    Trigonometry Formulas For Class 12: The Di!erence Between Trigonometric Identities and Trigonometric Ratios

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    230 views7 pages
    The document discusses trigonometry formulas for class 12. It provides definitions of trigonometric identities and ratios. It then lists various trigonometric formulas including sum and difference formulas, double angle formulas, triple angle formulas, and formulas for converting products to sums and differences. It also covers half angle identities, complex relations, inverse trigonometric functions, and solved examples.

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    The document discusses trigonometry formulas for class 12. It provides definitions of trigonometric identities and ratios. It then lists various trigonometric formulas including sum and difference formulas, double angle formulas, triple angle formulas, and formulas for converting products to sums and differences. It also covers half angle identities, complex relations, inverse trigonometric functions, and solved examples.

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    Trigonometry Formulas For Class 12: The Di!erence Between Trigonometric Identities and Trigonometric Ratios

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    The document discusses trigonometry formulas for class 12. It provides definitions of trigonometric identities and ratios. It then lists various trigonometric formulas including sum and difference formulas, double angle formulas, triple angle formulas, and formulas for converting products to sums and differences. It also covers half angle identities, complex relations, inverse trigonometric functions, and solved examples.

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    Trigonometry Formulas For Class 12

    Trigonometry is the study between the relationships dealing with angles, heights and
    lengths of triangles and also the relationships between the di!erent circle parts and other
    geometric "gures. In trigonometry class 12, we study trigonometry which "nds its
    application in the "eld of astronomy, engineering, architectural design, and
    physics.Trigonometry Formulas for class 12 contains all the essential trigonometric
    identities which can fetch some direct questions in competitive exams on the basis of
    formulae.

    Trigonometric identities given in the 12th trigonometry formula are very useful and help to
    solve the problems better. There are huge numbers of "elds in which these trigonometry
    identities and trigonometric equations are used.

    The Di!erence Between Trigonometric Identities And Trigonometric Ratios:


    Trigonometric Identities: Formula of trigonometry class 12 involves trigonometric functions
    and trigonometric identities. These identities of trigonometry are accurate for all variable’s
    values.
    Trigonometric Ratio: The relationship of the angle measurement and the right-angle
    triangle side length is known for its trigonometric ratio.

    All Trigonometry Formulas For Class 12


    Sum And Di!erence Of Angles:

    1. Sin A Sin B = ½ [cos(A-B)-cos(A+B)]


    2. cos A cos B = ½ [cos(A-B)+ cos(A+B)]
    3. Sin A cos B = ½ [sin(A+B)+ sin(A-B)]
    4. cos A sin B = ½ [cos(A+B)+ sin(A-B)]

    Double Angle Formulas:

    1. sin2θ= 2sinθcosθ
    2. cos2θ= Cos²θ - Sin²θ
    = 2Cos²θ - 1
    = 1-2Sin²θ
    2Tanθ
    3. tan2θ=
    1−Tan2 θ
    Triple Angle Formula:

    1. sin3θ= 3Sinθ - 4Sin3 θ


    2. cos3θ= 4Cos3 θ - 3Cosθ
    3. tan3θ= (3tanθ-tan³θ) / (1-3tan²θ)
    Cot 3 θ−3Cotθ
    4. cot3θ=
    3Cot 2 θ−1

    Converting Products Into Sums And Di!erence:

    1. sinA sinB = ½ [cos(A-B) - cos(A+B)]


    2. cosA cosB = ½ [cos(A-B)+cos(A+B)]
    3. sinA cosB = ½ [sin(A+B)+sin(A-B)]
    4. cosA sinB = ½ [cos(A+B)+sin(A-B)]

    Half Angle Identities:

    1. Sin( 2 ) = ±√
    x ‾1−2cos(x)
    ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
    2

    2. Tan( 2 ) = ±√‾1+Cos(x)
    ‾‾‾‾‾‾ = 1−Cos(x) = Sin(x)
    x 1−cos(x)
    Sin(x) 1+Cos(x)

    3. Cos( 2 ) = ±√
    x ‾1+cos(x)
    ‾‾‾‾‾‾
    2

    On squaring the above identities we can re-state the above equations as following-

    4. Sin2 (x) = 12 [1-Cos(2x)]


    5. Cos2 (x) = 12 [1+Cos(2x)]
    1−Cos(2x)
    6. Tan2 (x) = 1+Cos(2x)
    Complex Relations:
    eiθ −e−iθ
    1. Sinθ = 2i
    eiθ +e−iθ
    2. Cosθ = 2i
    eiθ −e−iθ
    3. Tanθ = iθ −iθ
    (e +e )i
    2i
    4. Cosecθ = iθ −iθ
    e −e
    2i
    5. Secθ = iθ −iθ
    e −e
    (eiθ +e−iθ )i
    6. Cotθ = iθ −iθ
    e −e

    Inverse Trigonometric Functions:


    De"nition:
    −1
    Si (x)
    θ = Sin−1 (x) is equivalent to x = Sin θ
    θ = Cos−1 (x) is equivalent to x = Cos θ
    θ = Tan−1 (x) is equivalent to x = Tan θ

    Inverse Properties:
    These properties hold for x in the domain and θ in the range
    sin(sin−1 (x)) = x
    cos(cos−1 (x)) = x
    tan(tan−1 (x)) = x
    sin−1 (sin(θ)) = θ
    cos−1 (cos(θ)) = θ
    tan−1 (tan(θ)) = θ

    Other Notations
    sin−1 (x) = arcsin(x)
    cos−1 (x) = arccos(x)
    tan−1 (x) = arctan(x)

    Domain and Range:


    Function Domain Range

    θ = sin−1 (x) −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 − π /2 ≤ θ ≤ π/2

    θ = cos−1 (x) −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 0≤θ≤π

    θ = tan−1 (x) −∞ ≤ x ≤ ∞ − π/ 2 < θ < π/2

    Inverse Trigonometric Functions:


    Range of
    Domain of usual Range of usual
    Usual De"niti
    Name x for real principal principal values
    Notation on
    number values (Degrees)
    (Radians)
    − π /2 ≤ y ≤
    arcsine y=arcsin(x) x=sin(y) −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 −90⁰ ≤ y ≤ 90⁰
    π/2
    arccosine y=arcos(x) x=cos(y) −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 0≤y≤π 0⁰ ≤ y ≤ 180⁰
    All real − π /2 ≤ y ≤
    arctangent y=arctan(x) x=tan(y) −90⁰ ≤ y ≤ 90⁰
    numbers π/2
    arccotange All real
    y=arccot(x) x=cot(y) 0≤y≤π 0⁰ ≤ y ≤ 180⁰
    numbers
    x ≤ -1 or 1 ≤ 0 ≤ y < π/2 or 0 ≤ y < 90⁰ or 90⁰ < y
    arcsecant y=arcsec(x) x=sec(y)
    x π/2 < y ≤π ≤180⁰
    y=arccosec x=cosec( x ≤ -1 or 1 ≤ - π/2 ≤ y < 0 or - 90⁰ ≤ y < 0 or 0 < y
    rccosecant (x) x) x 0 < y ≤ π/2 ≤ 90⁰

    Solved Examples:
    Question 1) Find the principal values of Sin−1 ( 1 )
    √2
    −1 1 1
    Solution) Let Sin ( ) = α; then sin α = = sin 45 degree
    √2 √2
    π
    α = 45 degree or 4 , which is the required principal value.

    π
    Question 2) Show that Tan−1 12 + Tan−1 13 = 4
    1 1 5
    + π
    Solution) L.H.S. = Tan−1 12 + Tan−1 13 = Tan−1 = 2 1 3 1 = Tan−1 ( 6
    5 ) = Tan−1 = 4
    1− 2 X 3 6

    Fun Facts
    The word "Trigonometry" is taken from the word "Triangle Measure".
    Trigonometry is used by the engineers to "gure out the angles of the sound waves
    and how to design rooms.
    Trigonometry is connected with music and architecture.

    FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

    1. What does quotient relations mean?

    In trigonometry class 12, we come across quotient relations. Quotient relations comprise three trigonometric
    ratios. One is the quotient that we get after division operation between the other two. For example, tan θ = sin
    θ /cos θ and cot θ = cos θ / sin θ.

    2. Who is the father of trigonometry?

    Trigonometry is the study between the relationships dealing with angles, heights and lengths of triangles and
    also the relationships between the di!erent circle parts and other geometric "gures. Hipparchus, a Greek
    astronomer, is considered as the father of trigonometry. 12th Trigonometry formulas contain some
    trigonometry and its tables were developed by him. Hipparchus was the "rst person whose quantitative and
    accurate models for the motion of the sun and moon survive. Also, the "rst accurate star map is formulated
    by him. He may have been the "rst to develop a reliable method to predict a solar eclipse with the help of his
    solar and lunar theories.

    3. What are the laws of trigonometry?

    Trigonometry class 12 deals with trigonometric laws of sines and cosines which is helpful in solving a triangle
    i.e., "nding all three angles and sides of any triangle given three out of the six. The law of sines states that in
    any triangle, not just a right angle triangle but the ratio of the sine of each angle to its opposing side is also
    equivalent for all three angles. The law of cosines states that in any triangle, the sum of the squares of the
    other two sides is equal to the square of one side. The trigonometric law of cosines is helpful in solving a
    triangle if all three sides, or two sides and the included angle are given.

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