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    Nutrient Solutions: For Controlled Environment Agriculture

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    fozihpa
    The document discusses nutrient solutions for controlled environment agriculture. It summarizes that Baron Justus von Liebig in the 19th century showed that 16 elements are essential for plant growth. It then discusses the differences between substrate and hydroponic plant nutrition, and describes the classic Hoagland nutrient solution, listing its macronutrient and micronutrient components. The document stresses that optimizing nutrient solution involves not just nutrients but also concentration, timing, source, water quality, temperature, and environmental conditions.

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    Nutrient Solutions: For Controlled Environment Agriculture

    Uploaded by

    fozihpa
    112 views13 pages
    The document discusses nutrient solutions for controlled environment agriculture. It summarizes that Baron Justus von Liebig in the 19th century showed that 16 elements are essential for plant growth. It then discusses the differences between substrate and hydroponic plant nutrition, and describes the classic Hoagland nutrient solution, listing its macronutrient and micronutrient components. The document stresses that optimizing nutrient solution involves not just nutrients but also concentration, timing, source, water quality, temperature, and environmental conditions.

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    table nutrition

    Original Title

    2_wilkinson_nutrientsolutions

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    The document discusses nutrient solutions for controlled environment agriculture. It summarizes that Baron Justus von Liebig in the 19th century showed that 16 elements are essential for plant growth. It then discusses the differences between substrate and hydroponic plant nutrition, and describes the classic Hoagland nutrient solution, listing its macronutrient and micronutrient components. The document stresses that optimizing nutrient solution involves not just nutrients but also concentration, timing, source, water quality, temperature, and environmental conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    112 views13 pages

    Nutrient Solutions: For Controlled Environment Agriculture

    Uploaded by

    fozihpa
    The document discusses nutrient solutions for controlled environment agriculture. It summarizes that Baron Justus von Liebig in the 19th century showed that 16 elements are essential for plant growth. It then discusses the differences between substrate and hydroponic plant nutrition, and describes the classic Hoagland nutrient solution, listing its macronutrient and micronutrient components. The document stresses that optimizing nutrient solution involves not just nutrients but also concentration, timing, source, water quality, temperature, and environmental conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Nutrient Solutions

    for Controlled Environment Agriculture


    Presented by
    Dr. Don C. Wilkerson, Professor & Extension Specialist (Emeritus)
    Department of Horticultural Sciences
    Texas A&M University College Station, Texas

    Caliber Biotheraputics, College Station, Texas


    Baron Justus von Liebig
    Darmstadt Germany
    May 12, 1803

    German scientist in the mid-19th century, showed that


    nutrients are essential for plant life.

    He stated, "We have determined that a number of elements


    are absolutely essential to plant life. They are essential
    because a plant deprived of any one of these elements would
    cease to exist.
    16 - Essential Plant Nutrients:

    C, H, O,
    Macro Nutrients
    N, P, K,
    Ca, S, Mg, Secondary Nutrients

    Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, Mo, Micro Nutrients


    Cl
    “They are essential because a plant deprived of
    any one of these elements would cease to exist. “
    Substrate Plant Nutrition
    Versus
    Hydroponic Plant Nutrition
    Substrate Plant Nutrition:

    Measured as Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)


    Hydroponic Plant Nutrition:

    Plant nutrients in the bulk solution.

    Substrates (i.e. rockwool) primarily for anchorage.


    Developing a
    Hydroponic Nutrient Solution
    • More Cost Efficient
    • More Precise Control of Plant Nutrition
    • Eliminates Substrates as Potential Source of
    Contamination
    Hoagland Solution
    The Hoagland solution is a hydroponic nutrient solution
    released by Hoagland and Arnon in 1938 and revised by
    Arnon in 1950. This solution is was among the first
    developed for growing plants without soil/substrate.

    The Hoagland solution provides all of the essential


    nutrients for plant growth and is appropriate for a wide
    Dennis Robert Hoagland (1884-1949)
    range of plant species. The solution described by
    Hoagland and Arnon in 1950 has been modified several
    times, mainly to add iron chelates for improved stability.

    Daniel I. Arnon (1910 - 1994)


    Basic Hoagland Solution:
    Component Stock Solution mL Stock Solution/1L N 210 ppm
    Macronutrients
    K 235 ppm
    2M KNO3 202 g/L 2.5
    Ca 200 ppm
    1M Ca(NO3)2•4H2O 236 g/0.5L 2.5
    P 31 ppm
    Iron (Sprint 138 iron
    S 64 ppm
    15 g/L 1.5
    chelate) Mg 48 ppm
    2M MgSO4•7H2O 493 g/L 1 B 0.5 ppm
    1M NH4NO3 80 g/L 1 Fe 1 to 5 ppm
    Micronutrients Mn 0.5 ppm
    H3BO3 2.86 g/L 1 Zn 0.05 ppm
    MnCl2•4H2O 1.81 g/L 1 Cu 0.02 ppm
    ZnSO4•7H2O 0.22 g/L 1 Mo 0.01 ppm
    CuSO4•5H2O 0.051 g/L 1
    H3MoO4•H2O or 0.09 g/L 1
    Na2MoO4•2H2O 0.12 g/L 1
    Phosphate

    1M KH2PO4 (pH to 6.0) 136 g/L 0.5


    Nutrient Solution Optimization
    Knowing the nutrients required to grow plants hydroponically is
    only one aspect of successful crop production. Maximizing yield
    also requires additional optimization of the solution.

    • Concentration to apply (ppm or EC)


    • Timing of application (stage/rate of
    growth)
    • Source of nutrients to use
    • Water quality
    • Solution temperature
    • Environmental conditions
    (temperature/humidity)
    • Light
    • Carbon Dioxide levels
    Nutrient Solution Optimization
    Continued…

    • pH (5.5 – 6.5)
    • Buffer Capacity
    • Electrical Conductivity (salinity)
    • Temperature
    • UV Light
    • Availability/Solubility (Precipitation)
    • Concentrates (1:200)
    • Pre-Mixed vs Make Your Own

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