Chapter 13 Object-Oriented Data Modeling: Modern Database Management, 11e (Hoffer Et Al.)

Modern Database Management, 11e (Hoffer et al.
)
Chapter 13 Object-Oriented Data Modeling
1) Which of the following is a reason for using an object-oriented design?

A) The analysis model is not formal enough to be implemented in a programming language.
B) The actual system must be adapted to the environment in which the system will actually be
implemented.
C) The analysis results can be validated using object-oriented design.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13-2, 13-3
Topic: Introduction
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
2) All of the following are benefits of object-oriented modeling EXCEPT:

A) the ability to tackle more challenging problem domains.
B) increased consistency among analysis, design, and programming activities.
C) decreased communication among the users, analysts, designers, and programmers.
D) reusability of analysis, design, and programming results.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13-3
Topic: Introduction
3) The Unified Modeling Language:

A) is a notation useful for graphically depicting an object-oriented analysis or design model.
B) allows one to capture design decisions of a system.
C) promotes communication among key personnel involved in development.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Topic: The Unified Modeling Language
AACSB: Analytic Skills, Use of Information Technology
4) A(n) ________ is a concept, abstraction, or thing that has a state, behavior, and identity.
A) relationship
B) attribute
C) key
D) object
Answer: D
Topic: Object-Oriented Data Modeling
Subtopic: Representing Objects and Classes
1
5) A(n) ________ encompasses an object's properties and the values of those properties.
A) state
B) attribute
C) method
D) behavior
Answer: A
6) Which of the following refers to a set of objects that share common structures and behaviors?
A) Supertype
B) Object class
C) Model
D) Entity group
Answer: B
7) A diagram that shows the static structure of an object-oriented model is called a(n):
A) structure diagram.
B) class diagram.
C) entity diagram.
D) none of the above.
Answer: B
8) A graph of instances that are compatible within a class diagram is called a(n):
A) object group.
B) method chart.
C) object diagram.
D) ERD.
Answer: C
2
9) Which of the following is a function or service provided by all instances of a class?
A) Operation
B) Implementation
C) Class group
D) Query
Answer: A
10) ________ is the technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its
external view.
A) Grouping
B) Encapsulation
C) Classification
D) Mining
Answer: B
11) Which of the following operations does NOT alter the state of an object?
A) Update
B) Query
C) Constructor
D) None of the above
Answer: B
Subtopic: Types of Operations
12) An operation that creates a new instance of a class is called a(n):

A) query operation.
B) update operation.
C) scope operation.
D) constructor operation.
Answer: D
3
13) Which type of operation has side effects?
A) Update
B) Append
C) Query
D) Scope
Answer: A
14) An operation that applies to a class rather than an object instance is a(n):
A) constructor operation.
B) query operation.
C) class-scope operation.
D) update operation.
Answer: C
15) A(n) ________ is shown as a solid line between the participating classes.
A) connector
B) update
C) entity
D) association
Answer: D
Subtopic: Representing Associations
16) The end of an association where it connects to a class is called a(n):

A) connector.
B) terminator.
C) initiator.
D) association role.
Answer: D
4
17) ________ indicates how many objects participate in a given relationship.
A) Bound
B) Multiplicity
C) Role
D) Relationship
Answer: B
18) In the figure below, which of the following is true?
A) A faculty may advise only one student.

B) A faculty may advise up to a maximum of 10 students.
C) A course offering may be offered for multiple courses.
D) A student can have more than one advisor.
Answer: B
19) An association ________ is an association that has attributes or operations of its own.
A) link
B) group
C) class
D) body
Answer: C
5
20) In the figure below, which of the following is true?
A) Students use various software tools for different courses.

B) Students can only register for one course.
C) Students use only one type of software.
D) Each course uses specific software.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13-7 - 13-10
21) A class that has direct instances is called a(n) ________ class.
A) abstract
B) multiplicity
C) large
D) concrete
Answer: D
Subtopic: Representing Generalization
22) According to the UML Notation Guide, overlapping means:

A) a descendant may be descended from more than one of the subclasses.
B) a descendant may not be descended from more than one of the subclasses.
C) all subclasses have been specified, and no others are expected.
D) the list of objects is stable, but relationships will change.
Answer: A
6
23) According to the UML Notation Guide, complete means:
A) a descendant may come from more than one supertype.
B) a descendant may be not descended from more than one of the subclasses.
C) all subclasses have been specified, and no others are expected.
D) the list of objects is not stable.
Answer: C
24) A(n) ________ is an attribute of a class that specifies a value common to an entire class.
A) completion attribute
B) class-scope attribute
C) overall descriptor
D) summary descriptor
Answer: B
25) A(n) ________ defines the form or protocol of an operation, but not its implementation.
A) meta-operation
B) inquisitor
C) abstract operation
D) operation descriptor
Answer: C
26) A ________ is the implementation of an operation.

A) meta-operation
B) method
C) query
D) constructor
Answer: B
7
27) ________ means that the same operation can apply to two or more classes in different ways.
A) Polymorphism
B) Inheritance
C) Combined operations
D) Checkpoint
Answer: A
28) The process of replacing a method inherited from a superclass by a more specific
implementation of the method in a subclass is called:
A) inheritance.
B) encapsulation.
C) polymorphism.
D) overriding.
Answer: D
Subtopic: Interpreting Inheritance and Overriding
29) When an object is an instance of more than one class, it is called:

A) multiplicity.
B) polymorphism.
C) multiple classification.
D) multiple associations.
Answer: C
Subtopic: Representing Multiple Inheritance
8
30) In the figure below, what relationship is shown?
A) Overlaps
B) Disjoints
C) Rejoinders
D) Aggregation
Answer: D
Subtopic: Representing Aggregation
31) A part object which belongs to only one whole object and which lives and dies with the
whole object is called a(n):
A) dependent.
B) weak entity.
C) composition.
D) declarative.
Answer: C
32) An object encapsulates both data and behavior.

Answer: TRUE
33) A state represents how an object acts.

Answer: FALSE
9
34) An object class is a set of objects that share a common structure and behavior.
Answer: TRUE
35) A class diagram shows the dynamic structure of an object-oriented model.

Answer: FALSE
36) An operation is a function or service that is provided by all of the classes.

Answer: TRUE
37) Encapsulation is the technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from
its external view.
Answer: TRUE
38) A constructor operation does not alter an instance of a class.

Answer: FALSE
39) A class-scope operation applies to a class rather than an object instance.

Answer: TRUE
10
40) An association role is the end of an association where it connects to a class.
Answer: TRUE
41) Each role has a duplicity, which indicates how many objects participate in a given
relationship.
Answer: FALSE
42) The most common multiplicities are 0..1, *, and 1.

Answer: TRUE
43) A ternary relationship can easily be replaced by three binary relationships.

Answer: FALSE
44) An association class is an association that participates in no relationships.

Answer: FALSE
Subtopic: Representing Association Classes
45) An association class is similar to an associative entity in the E-R model.

Answer: TRUE
11
46) A derived attribute, association, or role is one that can be computed or derived from other
attributes, associations, or roles.
Answer: TRUE
Subtopic: Representing Derived Attributes, Derived Associations, and Derived Roles
47) An instance of a subclass is not always an instance of its superclass.

Answer: FALSE
48) A class that can have direct instances is called an abstract class.
Answer: FALSE
49) According to the UML Notation Guide, the term disjoint means that a descendent may not be
descended from more than one of the subclasses.
Answer: TRUE
50) A class-scope attribute is an attribute of a class that specifies a value common to an instance
of a class.
Answer: FALSE
51) In addition to specifying the multiplicity of an association role, you can also specify other
properties, for example, if the objects playing the role are ordered or not.
Answer: TRUE
12
52) An abstract operation describes the implementation of an operation.
Answer: FALSE
53) Polymorphism occurs when the same operation may apply to two or more classes in different
ways.
Answer: TRUE
54) Overriding is the process of replacing a method inherited from a superclass by a more
specific implementation of that method in a subclass.
Answer: TRUE
55) If a subclass of a company inherits an operation to compute a tax but extends the inherited
behavior by adding a foreign surcharge, this is an example of overriding for extension.
Answer: TRUE
56) Overriding for optimization implements a new operation with improved code by exploiting
the restrictions imposed by the superclass.
Answer: FALSE
57) In overriding for restriction, the protocol of the new operation in the subclass is restricted.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 13-17, 13-18
13
58) An aggregation expresses a part-of relationship between a component object and an
aggregate object.
Answer: TRUE
59) A composition is an instance of class that is made up of more than one class.
Answer: FALSE
60) In composition, a part belongs to many whole objects.

Answer: FALSE
61) In aggregation, some of the operations of the whole automatically apply to its parts.
Answer: TRUE
62) State encompasses an object's properties and the values of those properties.
Answer: TRUE
63) An entity that has a well-defined role in the application domain and has a state, behavior, and
identity is called an object.
Answer: FALSE
14
64) A class diagram shows the static structure of an object-oriented model.
Answer: TRUE
65) A UML is a graph of instances that are compatible with a given class diagram.
Answer: FALSE
66) It is only through an operation that other objects can access or manipulate information stored
in an object.
Answer: TRUE
67) Encapsulation is the technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from
its external view.
Answer: TRUE
68) A destructor operation creates a new instance of a class.

Answer: FALSE
69) An update operation has side effects since it alters the state of an object.
Answer: TRUE
15
70) A query operation does not alter the state of an object.
Answer: TRUE
71) A(n) ________ is a named relationship between or among classes.

A) association
B) named relationship
C) assumption
D) attribute
Answer: A
72) An association role is the end of an association where it connects to a class.

Answer: TRUE
73) A duplicity specification in a class diagram is shown as a text string representing an interval
(or intervals) of integers.
Answer: FALSE
74) An association that has its own attributes or operations or that participates in relationships
with other classes is called an association class.
Answer: TRUE
16
75) A(n) deprived attribute, role or association is one that can be computed from other attributes,
roles, or associations.
Answer: FALSE
Subtopic: Representing Derived Attributes, Derived Associations, and Derived Roles
76) A class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances is
called an abstract class.
Answer: TRUE
77) A class-scope attribute is an attribute of a class that specifies a value common to an entire
class, rather than a specific value for an instance.
Answer: TRUE
78) The implementation of a operation is called a(n):

A) attribute.
B) class.
C) method.
D) object.
Answer: C
79) When an operation may apply to two or more classes in different ways, this is known as
polymorphism.
Answer: TRUE
17
80) The process of replacing a method inherited from a superclass by a more specific
implementation of that method in a subclass is called underwriting.
Answer: FALSE
81) When an object is an instance of more than one class, this is known as multiple
classification.
Answer: TRUE
82) Aggregation is a part-of relationship between a component object and an aggregate object.
Answer: TRUE
83) A part object that belongs to only one whole object and lives and dies with the whole object
is called composting.
Answer: FALSE
84) When some of the operations on a whole class automatically apply to its parts, the operation
is said to propagate.
Answer: FALSE
18
85) What are several motivations and benefits of object-oriented modeling?
Answer: Coad and Yourdon identified several motivations and benefits:
1. The ability to tackle more challenging problem domains
2. Improved communication between users, analysts, designers and programmers
3. Increased consistency among analysis, design and programming activities
4. Explicit representation of a commonalty among system components
5. Robustness of systems
6. Reusability of analysis, design and programming results.
7. Increase consistency among all of the models
Topic: Introduction
AACSB: Analytic Skills
86) What is the difference between a class and an object?

Answer: A class is an entity type with a well-defined role in the application domain. An object
is an instance of a class.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
87) What is encapsulation?

Answer: The technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object is called
encapsulation. It also can be thought of a information hiding. In essence, the methods or behavior
of the object is readily accessible, but the details of how the methods work is not shown.
88) What is the purpose of a constructor operation?

Answer: A constructor operator creates a new instance of a class.
89) What is an association and an association role?

Answer: An association is a named relationship between or among object classes. An
association role is the end of an association where it connects to a class.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
19
90) What is the difference between an abstract class and a concrete class?
Answer: An abstract class is a class that has no direct instances but whose direct descendants
may have direct instances. A concrete class, on the other hand, can have no direct instances.
91) What is polymorphism?

Answer: Polymorphism is the ability of an operation with the same name to respond in different
ways depending on the class context. Polymorphism is often used with inheritance, where you
might have two children of a class with a method that has the same name but does different
things for each child.
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Modern Database Management, 11e (Hoffer et al.

1) Which of the following is a reason for using an object-oriented design?

2) All of the following are benefits of object-oriented modeling EXCEPT:

3) The Unified Modeling Language:

12) An operation that creates a new instance of a class is called a(n):

16) The end of an association where it connects to a class is called a(n):

18) In the figure below, which of the following is true?

A) A faculty may advise only one student.

A) Students use various software tools for different courses.

22) According to the UML Notation Guide, overlapping means:

26) A ________ is the implementation of an operation.

29) When an object is an instance of more than one class, it is called:

32) An object encapsulates both data and behavior.

33) A state represents how an object acts.

35) A class diagram shows the dynamic structure of an object-oriented model.

36) An operation is a function or service that is provided by all of the classes.

38) A constructor operation does not alter an instance of a class.

39) A class-scope operation applies to a class rather than an object instance.

42) The most common multiplicities are 0..1, *, and 1.

43) A ternary relationship can easily be replaced by three binary relationships.

44) An association class is an association that participates in no relationships.

45) An association class is similar to an associative entity in the E-R model.

47) An instance of a subclass is not always an instance of its superclass.

60) In composition, a part belongs to many whole objects.

68) A destructor operation creates a new instance of a class.

71) A(n) ________ is a named relationship between or among classes.

72) An association role is the end of an association where it connects to a class.

78) The implementation of a operation is called a(n):

86) What is the difference between a class and an object?

87) What is encapsulation?

88) What is the purpose of a constructor operation?

89) What is an association and an association role?

91) What is polymorphism?

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