Use of English

Experts in Language Assessment
Certificatein
Advanced
English
CAE Specifications and Sample Papers for
examinations from December 2008
© UCLES 2006 EMC/3879/6Y12

CAE content and overview
Part/timing Content Test focus
Part 1 Three texts on one theme from a range of sources. Each text Candidates are expected to show understanding of
has two multiple-choice questions. attitude, detail, implication, main idea, opinion,
purpose, specific information, text organisation fea-
Part 2 A text from which six paragraphs have been removed and
1 placed in a jumbled order, together with an additional para-
tures, tone, text structure.
READING graph, after the text.
1 hour 15 mins
Part 3 A text followed by seven multiple-choice questions.
Part 4 A text or several short texts preceded by 15 multiple-match-

ing questions.
Part 1 One compulsory question. Candidates are expected to be able to write non-
2 Part 2 Candidates choose one task from a choice of five questions
specialised text types such as article, contribution
to a longer piece, essay, letter, proposal, report,
WRITING (including the set text options). review, competition entry, with a focus on advising,
1 hour 30 minutes
comparing, evaluating, expressing opinions,
hypothesising, justifying, persuading.
Part 1 A modified cloze test containing 12 gaps and followed by 12 Candidates are expected to demonstrate the ability
multiple-choice items. to apply their knowledge of the language system by
completing a number of tasks.
Part 2 A modified open cloze test containing 15 gaps.
Part 3 A text containing 10 gaps. Each gap corresponds to a word.

The stems of the missing words are given beside the text
3 and must be changed to form the missing word.
USE OF ENGLISH
Part 4 Five questions, each one containing three discrete sen-
1 hour
tences. Each sentence contains one gap, which must be
completed with one word which is appropriate in all three
sentences.
Part 5 Eight separate questions, each with a lead-in sentence and

a gapped second sentence to be completed in three to six
words, one of which is a given ‘key word’.
Part 1 Three short extracts, from exchanges between interacting Candidates are expected to be able to show under-
speakers. There are two multiple-choice questions for each standing of agreement, attitude, course of action,
extract. detail, feeling, function, gist, interpreting context,
4 Part 2 A monologue with a sentence completion task which has main points, opinion, purpose, specific information
LISTENING eight items. etc.
Approximately 40
Part 3 A text involving interacting speakers, with six multiple-
minutes
choice questions.
Part 4 Five short themed monologues, with 10 multiple-matching
questions.
Part 1 A conversation between the interlocutor and each candidate Candidates are expected to be able to respond to
(spoken questions). questions and to interact in conversational English.
Part 2 An Individual ‘long turn’ for each candidate with a brief

5 response from the second candidate (visual and written
SPEAKING stimuli, with spoken instructions).
15 minutes
Part 3 A two-way conversation between the candidates (visual and
written stimuli, with spoken instructions).
Part 4 A discussion on topics related to Part 3 (spoken questions).

Preface
This booklet contains specifications and sample papers for changes to the Certificate in Advanced English, which
are to be introduced for the first time in December 2008.
Further information on the examination will be issued in the form of:
• regular update bulletins
• a comprehensive CAE handbook containing an additional set of sample papers
• an extensive programme of seminars and conference presentations.
If you require additional CDs or further copies of this booklet, please email: ESOLinfo@CambridgeESOL.org
Contents
Inside front cover CAE content and overview OVERVIEW OF CAE
2 The purpose of the review project 3 The level of CAE INTRODUCTION

2 The process of the project 4 Recognition
2 Content of Cambridge ESOL General 4 The CAE candidature

English examinations (FCE, CAE and
CPE)
4 Factors affecting the design of the 4 Marks and results EXAMINATION CONTENT
examination
4 Administrative information AND PROCESSING
6 General description 7 Sample paper
6 Structure and tasks 16 Answer keys 11

READING PAPER
18 Structure and tasks
19 Task types in the Writing paper

24 Assessment
25 Sample scripts and mark schemes

12
WRITING PAPER
31 Structure and tasks 40 Answer keys 3

USE OF ENGLISH PAPER
41 General description 47 Sample tapescript
42 Sample paper
51 Answer keys
4
LISTENING PAPER
53 General description 60 Assessment
54 Sample paper
60 Marking
5
SPEAKING TEST
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | co nte nts 1
Throughout the project, Cambridge ESOL has gathered
Introduction feedback on its proposals for the examination by holding
meetings with representatives of key ESOL organisations and
The Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) was originally
English language specialists, and by holding consultative
offered in 1991. An update in 1999 allowed the examination to
seminars with teachers and Directors of Studies. During
keep pace with changes in language teaching and testing.
trialling, teachers and students have been asked to complete
Following the successful revision of the Certificate of
questionnaires on trial materials.
Proficiency in English (CPE) in 2002 and in the light of feedback
received, it was decided to review CAE and implement changes
Content of Cambridge ESOL General English
as appropriate.
examinations (FCE, CAE and CPE)
This booklet gives information on the outcome of the review
Cambridge ESOL examinations reflect a view of language
of CAE. Changes will be introduced in December 2008.
proficiency in terms of a language user’s overall
communicative ability; at the same time, for the purposes of
The purpose of the review project
practical language assessment, the notion of overall ability is
The purpose of the project was to review CAE in order to subdivided into different skills and subskills. This ‘skills and
ensure that it met the current needs of candidates, teachers, components’ view is well established in the language research
centres and other users in terms of content and length. and teaching literature.
The aims were to: Four main skills of Reading, Writing, Listening and Speaking
• reflect developments in the field of language teaching are recognised, and each of these is assessed in a test
and learning component of the same name. Reading and Listening are
• reflect developments in Cambridge ESOL’s other General multi-dimensional skills involving the interaction of the
English examinations, e.g. the revision of CPE reader/listener’s mental processing capacities with their
• take account of information about candidates gained language and content knowledge; further interaction takes
through the Candidate Information Sheets completed by place between the reader/listener and the external features of
all candidates at each administration of the examination the text and task. Purpose and context for reading/listening
shape these interactions and this is reflected in the CAE
• ensure a thoroughly validated examination
Reading and Listening components through the use of
• define a specific test focus for each part of each paper
different text and task types which link to a relevant target
• ensure the examination meets the needs of candidates
language use context beyond the test.
and other users.
Writing ability is also regarded as a linguistic, cognitive, social
The outcome, in terms of benefits for the various areas and and cultural phenomenon that takes place in a specific
stakeholders, is the result of extensive research, and several context and for a particular purpose. Like Reading and
rounds of consultation with all users, both online and face-to- Listening, CAE Writing involves a series of complex
face. interactions between the task and the writers, who are
required to draw on different aspects of their knowledge and
The process of the project experience to produce a written performance for evaluation.
The project has included the following main stages: Like Writing, Speaking involves multiple competences
including vocabulary and grammatical knowledge,
• Data collection, e.g. market information including survey
phonological control, knowledge of discourse, and pragmatic
questionnaires sent to candidates, teachers, Oral
awareness, which are partially distinct from their equivalents
Examiners and examination administrators; information
in the written language. Since speaking generally involves
on candidature collected on Candidate Information
reciprocal oral interaction with others, Speaking in CAE is
Sheets.
assessed directly, through a face-to-face encounter between
• The development of examination specifications,
candidates and examiners.
including the development of the test construct, test
content and the definition of the test focuses; the A fifth test component in CAE (Use of English) focuses on the
production, editing and trialling of draft task types and language knowledge structures or system(s) that underpin a
materials; the development and trialling of assessment user’s communicative language ability in the written medium;
criteria; and research into the validity and reliability of these are sometimes referred to as ‘enabling’ (sub)skills and
the material and assessment procedures. include knowledge of vocabulary, morphology, syntax,
• The production of examination support materials, punctuation, and discourse structure.
including public specifications, and training materials Each of these five test components in CAE provides a unique
for examiners and writers of examination materials. contribution to a profile of overall communicative language
ability that defines what a candidate can do at this level.
2 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | i ntr o d uc t i o n
The level of CAE reached by the C1 learner, but certain more difficult situations,
e.g. discussing abstract or cultural topics with a good degree of
The updated CAE will measure the same level of general
fluency, demand this level of language. Users at this level can
language ability as the current CAE and to the same standards.
enjoy a wide range of social contacts.
CAE is at Level C1 of the Council of Europe Common European
Framework of Reference for Languages, and a description of What a CAE candidate can do
this level is given below in terms of: Examinations at Level C1 may be used as proof of the level of
• what material learners can handle language necessary to work at a managerial or professional
• what learners can be expected to be able to do. level or follow a course of academic study at university level.
The type of material a CAE candidate can deal with The ALTE ‘Can Do’ Project
At this level, learners are expected to be able to use the The Association of Language Testers in Europe (ALTE) has
structures of the language with ease and fluency. They are developed a framework which covers five levels of language
aware of the relationship between the language and the proficiency aligned to the Council of Europe Common
culture it exists in, and of the significance of register. This European Framework of Reference for Languages.
means that to some extent they are able to adapt their (See Table 1.)
language use to a variety of social situations, and express
opinions and take part in discussions and arguments in a Table 1
culturally appropriate way. Learners at this level can develop Cambridge Main Suite ALTE levels CEF Levels
their own interests in reading both factual and fictional texts.
Certificate of Proficiency in English 5 C2
They can also produce a variety of types of texts and Certificate in Advanced English 4 C1
utterances, such as letters of varying degrees of formality. First Certificate in English 3 B2
They can use language in a creative and flexible way, with the Preliminary English Test 2 B1
ability to respond appropriately to unforeseen as well as Key English Test 1 A2
predictable situations, producing, if required, extended and
complex utterances. Research carried out by ALTE has shown what language
learners can typically do at each level. Table 2 gives some
The written and spoken texts encountered in most common
examples at CAE level of typical general ability plus ability in
everyday situations can be dealt with at a level below that
each of the skill areas and in a range of contexts.
Table 2
‘Can Do’ summary

Typical abilities Listening and Speaking Reading and Writing
Overall general ability CAN contribute effectively to meetings and seminars within CAN read quickly enough to cope with an academic course,
own area of work or keep up a casual conversation with a and CAN take reasonably accurate notes in meetings or
good degree of fluency, coping with abstract expressions. write a piece of work which shows an ability to
communicate.
Social & Tourist CAN pick up nuances of meaning/opinion. CAN understand complex opinions/arguments as expressed
in serious newspapers.
CAN keep up conversations of a casual nature for an
extended period of time and discuss abstract/cultural CAN write most letters they are likely to be asked to do;
topics with a good degree of fluency and range of such errors as occur will not prevent understanding of the
expression. message.
Work CAN follow discussion and argument with only occasional CAN understand the general meaning of more complex
need for clarification, employing good compensation articles without serious misunderstanding.
strategies to overcome inadequacies.
CAN, given enough time, write a report that communicates
CAN deal with unpredictable questions. the desired message.
Study CAN follow up questions by probing for more detail. CAN scan texts for relevant information, and grasp main
CAN make critical remarks/express disagreement without topic of text. CAN write a piece of work whose message can
causing offence. be followed throughout.
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | i ntr o d uc t i o n 3
Recognition should reflect candidates’ needs and interests, and on
administrative aspects of the examination. Extensive research
CAE is recognised as fulfilling English language entrance
was also conducted into the current examination.
requirements by many higher education institutions and
corporate bodies across the world. More information about The design of the updated examination has incorporated the
recognition is available from centres, British Council offices, insights provided by this information and aims to provide:
Cambridge ESOL and from: www.CambridgeESOL.org
• coverage of candidates’ needs and interests
• coverage of language abilities underlying these needs

The CAE candidature
and interests (in reading, writing, language systems,
Information is collected about CAE candidates at each session, listening and speaking)
when candidates fill in a Candidate Information Sheet. The
• reliable assessment (range of testing focuses broadened)
candidates for CAE come from a wide range of backgrounds
• positive educational impact
and take the examination for a number of different reasons.
The following points summarise the characteristics of the • ease of examination administration
current CAE candidature. • an examination which is more user friendly for
candidates in terms of its length.
Nationality
Marks and results
CAE is taken by candidates throughout the world in about 80
countries, although the total number of nationalities In the updated examination:
represented in the candidature is over 190. The majority of
• All the papers are equally weighted, each contributing
these candidates enter for CAE in European and South
40 marks to the examination’s overall total number of
American countries.
200 marks.
• Paper 1, Paper 3 Part 1 and Paper 4 Parts 1, 3 and 4 are

Age and Gender
marked using objective procedures by scanning the
The majority of candidates are aged between 16 and 19. About answer sheets.
62% of the candidates are female. • Paper 3 Parts 2, 3, 4 and 5 and Paper 4 Part 2 are clerically
marked, that is, they are marked by a team of markers
Education using a mark scheme, supervised by a co-ordinating
Most candidates are students, although there are considerable examiner.
differences in the proportion of students in different • Papers 2 and 5 are marked by examiners who have
countries. followed standardised induction, training and co-
ordination procedures, and who make use of the
Preparation criterion-referenced assessment scales outlined in the
sections about each paper.
A large proportion of candidates (about 85%) undertake a
preparatory course before taking the examination. • Candidates are given statements of results which
include the grades awarded and additional information
Reasons for taking CAE on their performance.
• Certificates are issued to candidates gaining a passing

Candidates’ reasons for wanting an English language
grade: A, B or C.
qualification are roughly distributed as follows:
• Certificates are not issued to candidates awarded the
• to gain employment (32%)
failing grades: D and E.
• for further study (24%)
• out of personal interest (12%) Administrative information

• other (32%). The changes to the CAE examination will be introduced in all
centres in December 2008. Like the current CAE examination,
it will be offered three times a year in March, June and
Examination content and December.
processing The CAE examination is shorter by approximately one hour.
Factors affecting the design of the examination

Analysis of CAE Candidate Information Sheets and CAE
market survey questionnaires showed consistent agreement
on the kind of candidate taking CAE, on how the examination
4 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | e x a m i n at i o n co nte nt a n d p r o ce s s i n g
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s 5
PAPER 1
READING
GENERAL DESCRIPTION STRUCTURE AND TASKS
Paper format The paper contains four parts, PART 1

with a range of texts
Task type Multiple choice.
accompanying comprehension
and focus Detail, opinion, tone, purpose, main idea,
tasks. A text may consist of
implication, attitude, text organisation features
several short pieces. (exemplification, comparison, reference).
Timing 1 hour 15 minutes. Format Three themed texts followed by two four-option
multiple-choice questions on each text.
No. of parts 4.
No. of Qs 6.
No. of questions 34.
Task types Multiple choice, gapped text,

multiple matching. PART 2
Text types From the following: Task type Gapped text.
newspapers, magazines, and focus Text structure, cohesion and coherence.
journals, books (fiction and Format A text from which paragraphs have been removed
non-fiction), promotional and and placed in jumbled order after the text.
informational materials. Candidates must decide from where in the text
the paragraphs have been removed.
Length of texts Approximately 550–850 words
per text. Approximately 3,000 No. of Qs 6.
words overall.
Answer format For all parts of this paper, PART 3

candidates indicate their Task type Multiple choice.
answers by shading the correct and focus Detail, opinion, tone, purpose, main idea,
lozenges on the separate implication, attitude, text organisation features
answer sheet. (exemplification, comparison, reference).
Marks Parts 1, 2 and 3: each correct Format A text followed by four-option multiple-choice
answer receives 2 marks. questions.
Part 4: each correct answer
No. of Qs 7.
receives 1 mark.
PART 4
Task type Multiple matching.
and focus Specific information, detail, opinion and attitude.
Format A text or several short texts preceded by multiple-

matching questions. Candidates must match a
prompt to elements in the text.
No. of Qs 15.
6 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 1 : r e a d i n g
PAPER 1: READING Part 1 (Questions 1–2)
Part 1
You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with scientific research. For
questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

_________________________________________________________________________________
YOUNG ENVIRONMENTAL JOURNALIST COMPETITION
HOW TO ENTER:
N If you’re aged 16-25, we’re looking for N Your aim should be to advance
original articles of 1,000 words (or less) understanding and awareness of
with an environmental or conservation environmental issues. You should be able
theme. The closing date for entries is 30 to convey complex ideas to readers of this
December 2006. general interest magazine in an engaging
and authoritative manner.
N Your article should show proof of
investigative research, rather than relying N Facts or information contained in short-
solely on information from the internet and listed articles will be checked.
phone interviews. You don’t have to go
far; a report on pollution in a local stream N Read the rules carefully.
would be as valid as a piece about the
remotest rainforest.
N Your article should show you are

passionate and knowledgeable about
environmental issues. It should also be
objective and accurate, while being
creative enough to hold the reader’s
interest. We are not looking for ‘think
pieces’ or opinion columns.
1 Before entering for the competition, young people must have
A conducted some relevant research in their local area.

B gained a qualification in environmental research.
C uncovered some of the evidence in their research themselves.
D consulted a number of specialists on the subject under research.
2 The articles submitted must
A focus on straightforward concepts.

B include a range of views.
C be accessible to non-specialists.
D reveal the writer’s standpoint.
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 1 : r e a d i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 7
EXTRACT FROM A NOVEL

Chapter One
The landing cupboard is stacked high with what Glyn calls low-use
material: conference papers and research papers including, he hopes,
a paper that he needs right now for the article on which he is
working. All of these go back to his postgraduate days, in no
convenient sequential order but all jumbled up. A crisp column of
Past and Present magazine is wedged against a heap of tattered
files. Forgotten students drift to his feet as he rummages, and lie
reproachful on the floor: ‘Susan Cochrane’s contributions to my
seminar have been perfunctory’ … labelled boxes of aerial
photographs showing archaeological sites are squeezed against a
further row of files. To remove one will bring the lot crashing
down, like an ill-judged move in that game involving a tower of line 12
balanced blocks. But he has glimpsed behind them a further cache

which may well include what he is looking for.
On the shelf above he spots the gold-lettered spine of his own

doctoral thesis, its green cloth blotched brown with age. On top of it
sits a 1985 run of the Archaeological Journal. Come to think of it,
the contents of the landing cupboard are a nice reflection of his
profession – it is a landscape in which everything co-exists requiring
expert deconstruction. But he does not dwell on that, intent instead
on this increasingly irritating search.
3 The writer mentions a game in line 12 in order to emphasise
A the difficulty in accessing some material stored in the cupboard.

B the poor condition of much of the contents of the cupboard.
C Glyn’s approach to locating items stored in the cupboard.
D Glyn’s skill in manoeuvring the material in the cupboard.
4 In the second paragraph, the writer makes a comparison between the cupboard and
A the development of Glyn’s academic career.

B Glyn’s particular area of work.
C Glyn’s way of life.
D the current state of Glyn’s research.
8 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 1 : r e a d i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r
THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING
Time was when physicists dreamed kind of hard experimental evidence

of a final theory of fundamental that can only come from pure
physics, a perfect set of equations research.
that would describe every force and
particle in nature. Today that dream Can we, therefore, justify spending
is being overtaken by the suspicion the huge sums of money that such
that there is no such thing. Some research demands? What it boils
even fear that all attempts at a down to is whether we think the
deeper understanding of nature are search for fundamental truths is
dead ends. This will lend support to important. This quest for knowledge
those who have long claimed that is a defining human quality, but it’s
research into fundamental physics is hard to quantify how our lives have
a waste of time and money; that at been ‘improved’ by it. There have
best it provides answers to obscure been plenty of technological spin-
questions which few people offs from the space race and other
understand or care about. experiments. But the spin-offs are
not the point. In showing us how
So do these reservations undermine the universe works, fundamental
pure physics as a scientific pursuit? physics could also tell us something
Surely, it makes no difference if the profound about ourselves. And for
truths that physicists seek turn out to that, a few billion dollars would be a
be more complex and messy than small price to pay.
they once hoped. It could even make
the search more intriguing. There are
as many profound questions out
there as there have ever been, and to
answer them physicists need the
5 According to the writer, technological ‘spin-offs’ from scientific research
A do not justify the sums invested in it.

B reveal the true aims of those promoting it.
C should convince the public of the value of it.
D should not be the main reason for pursuing it.
6 In this piece, the writer is generally
A distrustful of those who doubt the value of pure research.

B supportive of those wishing to carry out pure research.
C sceptical about the long-term benefits of pure research.
D optimistic about the prospects of funding for pure research.
Part 2
You are going to read an extract from a magazine article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the
extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (7-12). There is one extra paragraph
which you do not need to use.
When the hippos roar, start paddling!

Richard Jackson and his wife spent their honeymoon going down the Zambezi river in a canoe
‘They say this is a good test of a relationship,’ said

Tim as he handed me the paddle. I wasn’t sure 10
that such a tough challenge was what was needed
on a honeymoon, but it was too late to go back.
My wife, Leigh, and I were standing with our guide, One morning, Tim decided to count the number of
Tim Came, on the banks of the Zambezi near the hippos we saw, in an attempt to gauge the
Zambia/Botswana border. This was to be the population in this part of the river. Most of the
highlight of our honeymoon: a safari downriver, wildlife keeps a cautious distance, and we were
ending at the point where David Livingstone first assured that, safe in our canoe, any potential
saw the Victoria Falls. threats would be more scared of us than we were
of them – but we had been warned to give these
river giants a wide berth. They’d normally stay in
7 mid-stream, watching us with some suspicion, and
greeting our departure with a cacophony of grunts.
Neither of us had any canoeing experience.
Tentatively we set off downstream, paddling with 11
more enthusiasm than expertise. Soon we heard
the first distant rumblings of what seemed like
thunder. ‘Is that Victoria Falls?’ we inquired Tim yelled ‘Paddle!’ and over the next 100 metres
naïvely. ‘No,’ said Tim dismissively. ‘That’s our an Olympic runner would have struggled to keep
first rapid.’ Easy, we thought. Wrong! up with us. The hippo gave up the chase, and
although Tim said he was just a youngster
showing off, our opinion was that he had
8 honeymooners on the menu. That would certainly
be the way we told the story by the time we got
The canoe plotted a crazed path as we careered home.
from side to side, our best efforts seeming only to
add to our plight. This was the first of many 12
rapids, all relatively minor, all enjoyably
challenging for tourists like us.
At some times of the year, you can even enjoy a
natural jacuzzi in one of the rock pools beside the
9 falls. No permanent structures are allowed on the
island – everything has to be removed when you
The overnight stops would mean mooring at a leave.
deserted island in the middle of the river, where
Tim’s willing support team would be waiting, The travel brochures say it’s the world’s most
having erected a camp and got the water warm for exclusive picnic spot. It’s certainly the ideal place
our bucket showers. As the ice slowly melted in to wind down after a near miss with a hippo.
the drinks, restaurant-quality food would appear
from a cooker using hot coals. Then people would
begin to relax, and the day’s stories would take on
epic proportions.
A Luckily we could make our mistakes in E But number 150 had other ideas. As we
privacy as, apart from Tim and another hugged the bank he dropped under the
couple, for two days we were alone. Our water. We expected him to re-surface in
only other company was the array of bird the same spot, as the others had done.
and animal life. The paddling was fairly Instead, there was a sudden roar and he
gentle and when we got tired, Tim would emerged lunging towards the canoe.
lead us to the shore and open a cool-box
containing a picnic lunch. F Over the next hour or so the noise grew to
terrifying dimensions. By the time we
B If that was the scariest moment, the most edged around the bend to confront it, we
romantic was undoubtedly our final night’s were convinced we would be faced with
campsite. Livingstone Island is perched mountains of white water. Instead, despite
literally on top of Victoria Falls. The safari all the sound and fury, the Zambezi
company we were with have exclusive seemed only slightly ruffled by a line of
access to it: it’s just you, a sheer drop of a small rocks.
few hundred metres and the continual roar
as millions of litres of water pour over the G When we’d all heard enough, we slept
edge. under canvas, right next to the river bank.
Fortunately, we picked a time of year
C There was plenty of passing traffic to largely free of mosquitoes, so our nets and
observe on land as well – giraffes, hippos, various lotions remained unused. The
elephants and warthogs, while eagles sounds of unseen animals were our nightly
soared overhead. We even spotted two lullaby.
rare white rhinos – sadly shorn of their
horns in an attempt to stop poaching. We
paddled closer to get a better look.
D We had a 4-metre aluminium canoe to

ourselves. It was a small craft for such a
mighty river, but quite big enough to house
the odd domestic dispute. Couples had, it
seemed, ended similar trips arguing rather
than paddling. But it wasn’t just newly-
weds at risk. Tim assured us that a group
of comedians from North America had
failed to see the funny side too.
Part 3
You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which
you think fits best according to the text.
Groomed for TV
Martyn Harris looks back on his experience of being trained to appear on TV.
I am terrible on TV. I slouch, sneer, stammer, E’s: Energy, Enthusiasm and Enjoyment. And do
fidget, forget my lines and swallow the ends of my try to stop blinking.’
words. It rankles, because I know inside I am And so, as I breathe from the diaphragm, clench
scintillating, sensitive and sincere. Television can my eyelids apart and desperately try to project
make any fool look like an intellectual. honesty as well as the three Es at once, the camera
Newsreaders can contrive to look nice and even the rolls. ‘Today we are visiting the home of Martyn
worst presenters can seem sensible, but I come over Harris,’ says Diana dishonestly, ‘a journalist who
as a shifty subversive. The single television has recently published his first novel Do It Again.
programme I have presented was so awful that even So, what can you tell us about the plot, Martyn?’
my mother couldn’t find a good word for it. After a ‘Umm …’ A long pause. ‘Errr … ‘ A longer
catastrophic radio show last year, when I addressed pause. ‘Tee hee, hargh … ’ An asinine giggle. ‘All
the interviewer by the wrong name throughout, I right Alastair,’ says Diana patiently, ‘we’ll try that
swore I’d never do broadcasting again. again.’
Until now, that is. I have my first novel out next We try it again, many, many times, each time
month, which is called Do It Again, and the PR chipping away at another tic and mannerism and
people inform me you just have to get out there and gaucherie. On the second run-through, my crossed
promote it. Scotland one day, the south coast of legs keep bobbing up and down, which makes me
England the next. It’s going to be hectic and I have look as if I want to run away (I do, I do). On the
to get my act together. Which is how I find myself third run they are uncrossed, but my hands are
being scrutinised for televisual potential by two clenched in my lap. On the fourth I have wrenched
svelte creatures from Public Image Ltd, while my hands from my lap, but now they are fiddling
cameraman Alastair focuses on my trembling upper with my ears. On the fifth, I’m throwing away the
lip. Public Image is the outfit which has been ends of my sentences, which sounds as if I think my
teaching MPs how to look good on TV. They also audience is thick (I don’t really).
groom executives from major companies in Television does curious things to your face,
everything from corporate presentations to handling dragging it towards the edges of the screen. If you
broadcast interrogation, but as far as I’m concerned, have a long face, as I have, it makes you look like a
if they can make politicians look like real people, cadaverous mule. It emphasises the darkness of
they are good enough for me. lipstick and eyeshadow, so make-up should be
‘He blinks a lot, doesn’t he?’ says Diana, the minimal, and used mainly to soften facial shadows.
speech specialist, studying my image on a video Does Diana think it is wicked, I wonder, to mould
monitor. ‘And the crossed legs look defensive. But politicians in this way? ‘As soon as anyone gets on
the voice isn’t bad.’ Jeannie, who is introduced to telly these days, we expect them to be as good as the
me as Public Image’s ‘charisma consultant’, takes a professionals, because that’s where we get our
step backwards to study the general posture. ‘Needs standards from. It’s unfair, but that’s the way of the
to get his bottom back in the sofa. And the jacket world. As for the ethics, I leave that to others and
makes him look a bit deformed. Where does he get get on with my job.’
his clothes from?’ And it’s a job she does very well, because on the
‘Honesty is the most important thing,’ says final run-through, after three hours or so, I really
Diana. ‘We don’t want to turn people into actors. don’t look too bad. Steady gaze, breathing from the
We want to bring out the personality. And of course diaphragm, no twitches, no blinking. Not a
speech is most important too. Lots of politicians consummate professional in the business, but not
don’t breathe properly, so they have to shout. They bad.
give themselves sore throats and polyps on the vocal I’m brimming with honesty, energy, enthusiasm
chords. Breathe from the diaphragm and you can and enjoyment and I’m talking a lot of twaddle, but
speak quite loudly and for quite a long time without you’d hardly notice. When you watch politicians on
strain. Then most importantly, there are the three TV, you’ll see a lot more just like me.
13 The writer believes that one reason he is terrible on TV is that
A he doesn’t make enough effort to perform well.

B he can’t help being rude to interviewers.
C his personality seems unappealing to viewers.
D his personality differs from that of newsreaders and presenters.
14 The writer has become involved with Public Image Ltd because
A he wants to find out what such companies do.

B he has been told that it is in his interests to do so.
C he is intrigued by the work they do for politicians.
D he has been told that the company is good at promoting novels.
15 Diana and Jeannie both say that one of the writer’s problems when appearing on TV concerns
A the way he sits.

B the clothes he wears.
C the way his eyes move.
D the way he moves.
16 What does Diana tell the writer about politicians?
A They are usually reluctant to tell the truth.

B They often fail to realise that they are shouting.
C They are frequently nervous when they appear on TV.
D They frequently speak in a way that is harmful to them.
17 The writer believes that his response to Diana’s first question sounds
A insincere.
B silly.
C rude.
D predictable.
18 When the writer asks Diana about her job, she
A says that she is only interested in doing it well.

B admits that sometimes it results in people looking foolish.
C says that it frequently involves frustrations.
D agrees that it is hard to justify it.
19 In the final paragraph, the writer concludes that
A he has underestimated how challenging appearing on TV can be for politicians.

B he has learnt how to sound convincing without saying anything meaningful.
C some people can be trained to do absolutely anything.
D viewers are more perceptive than is generally believed.
Part 4
You are going to read an article containing reviews of crime novels. For questions 20-34, choose from
the reviews (A-F). The reviews may be chosen more than once.
In which review are the following mentioned?
a book successfully adapted for another medium 20
characters whose ideal world seems totally secure 21
a gripping book which introduces an impressive main character 22
a character whose intuition is challenged 23
the disturbing similarity between reality and fiction within a novel 24
an original and provocative line in storytelling 25
the main character having a personal connection which brings disturbing revelations 26
the completion of an outstanding series of works 27
the interweaving of current lives and previous acts of wickedness 28
a deliberately misleading use of the written word 29
a rather unexpected choice of central character 30
an abundant amount of inconclusive information about a case 31
a character seeing through complexity in an attempt to avert disaster 32
a novel which displays the talent of a new author 33
the characters’ involvement in a crime inevitably leading to a painful conclusion 34
CHILLING READS TO LOOK OUT FOR

Some recommendations from the latest batch of crime novels
A Zouache may not be the obvious heroine for a D Black Dog is Stephen Booth’s hugely
crime novel, but November sees her debut in Fidelis accomplished debut, now published in paperback. It
Morgan’s wonderful Restoration thriller Unnatural follows the mysterious disappearance of teenager
Fire. From debtor to private eye, this Countess is an Laura Vernon in the Peak District. Ben Cooper, a
aristocrat, fleeing for her life through the streets of young Detective Constable, has known the villagers
17th-century London. Featuring a colourful cast of all his life, but his instinctive feelings about the case
misfits and brilliantly researched period detail, are called into question by the arrival of Diane Fry, a
Unnatural Fire has a base in the mysterious science ruthlessly ambitious detective from another division.
of alchemy, and will appeal to adherents of both As the investigation twists and turns, Ben and Diane
crime and historical fiction. discover that to understand the present, they must
also understand the past – and, in a world where
none of the suspects is entirely innocent, misery and
B Minette Walters is one of the most acclaimed suffering can be the only outcome.
writers in British crime fiction whose books like The
Sculptress have made successful transitions to our
TV screens. Preoccupied with developing strong E Andrew Roth’s deservedly celebrated Roth
plots and characterisation rather than with crime Trilogy has drawn to a close with the paperback
itself, she has created some disturbing and innovative publication of the third book, The Office, set in a
psychological narratives. The Shape of Snakes is set 1950s cathedral city. Janet Byfield has everything
in the winter of 1978. Once again Walters uses her that Wendy Appleyard lacks: she’s beautiful, she
narrative skills to lead the reader astray (there is a has a handsome husband, and an adorable little
clever use of correspondence between characters), daughter, Rosie. At first it seems to Wendy as
before resolving the mystery in her latest intricately though nothing can touch the Byfields’ perfect
plotted bestseller which is full of suspense. Once existence, but old sins gradually come back to haunt
again she shows why she is such a star of British the present, and new sins are bred in their place. The
crime fiction. shadows seep through the neighbourhood and only
Wendy, the outsider looking in, is able to glimpse the
truth. But can she grasp its twisted logic in time to
C Elizabeth Woodcraft’s feisty barrister heroine in prevent a tragedy whose roots lie buried deep in the
Good Bad Woman, Frankie, is a diehard Motown past?
music fan. As the title suggests, despite her job on
the right side of the law, she ends up on the wrong
side – arrested for murder. No favourite of the police F And finally, Reginald Hill has a brilliant new
– who are happy to see her go down – in order to Dalziel and Pascoe novel, Dialogues, released in
prove her innocence she must solve the case, one that the spring. The uncanny resemblance between
involves an old friend and some uncomfortable truths stories entered for a local newspaper competition and
a bit too close to home. Good Bad Woman is an the circumstances of two sudden disappearances
enthralling, fast-paced contemporary thriller that attracts the attention of Mid-Yorkshire Police.
presents a great new heroine to the genre. Superintendent Andy Dalziel realises they may have
a dangerous criminal on their hands – one the media
are soon calling the Wordman. There are enough
clues around to weave a tapestry, but it’s not clear
who’s playing with whom. Is it the Wordman versus
the police, or the criminal versus his victims? And
just how far will the games go?
PAPER 1: READING Answer keys
PART ONE PART TWO PART THREE PART FOUR
1 C 7 D 13 C 20 B
2 C 8 F 14 B 21 E
3 A 9 A 15 A 22 C
4 B 10 G 16 D 23 D
5 D 11 E 17 B 24 F
6 B 12 B 18 A 25 B
19 B 26 C
27 E
28 E
29 B
30 A
31 F
32 E
33 D
34 D
16 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 1 : r e a d i n g – a ns w e r k e ys
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s 17
PAPER 2
WRITING
Paper format The paper contains two parts. PART 1

Timing 1 hour 30 minutes. Task type QUESTION 1
and focus Writing one of the following: an article, a report,
No. of parts 2.
a proposal, a letter.
No. of questions Candidates are required to Focus on evaluating, expressing opinions,
complete two tasks: hypothesising, persuading.
a compulsory one in Part 1 Format Candidates are required to deal with input
and one from a choice of material of up to 150 words. This may include
five in Part 2. material taken from advertisements, extracts
from letters, emails, postcards, diaries, short
Task types From the following: article,
articles, etc.
competition entry,
contribution to a longer piece, No. of tasks One compulsory task.
essay, information sheet, and length 180–220 words.
letter, proposal, report,
review.
PART 2
Each task has a given purpose
and a target reader. Task type QUESTIONS 2–4
and focus Writing one of the following: an article, a
Answer format The questions are in a booklet competition entry, a contribution to a longer
with lined pages for the piece, an essay, an information sheet, a letter, a
answers. The blank pages at proposal, a report, a review.
the back of the booklet can be
QUESTION 5 (Question 5 has two options)
used for writing notes or
Writing one of the following, based on one of two
finishing answers, if necessary. prescribed reading texts: an article, an essay, a
Marks Each question on this paper report, a review.
carries equal marks. Varying focuses according to the task, including:
comparing, giving advice, giving opinions,
justifying, persuading.
Format A situationally based writing task specified in no

more than 80 words.
No. of tasks One task to be selected from a choice of five.

and length 220–260 words.
18 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g
a peer group (e.g. club members, colleagues). Candidates will
Task types in the Writing paper be expected to give some factual information and make some
The different task types are intended to provide frameworks suggestions or recommendations of their own. A report should
for candidates so that they can put together and develop their be clearly organised and may include headings.
ideas on a topic with a purpose for writing and a target reader
A REVIEW is written for an English-language magazine or
in mind.
newspaper. The reader is assumed to have similar interests to
An ARTICLE is written for an English-language magazine or the writer. The main purpose is to express a personal opinion
newspaper. The reader is assumed to have similar interests to on something which the reader may be thinking of seeing or
the writer. The main purpose is to interest and engage the buying, e.g. a film, a CD, etc. A review will normally include a
reader, so there should be some opinion or comment. recommendation to the reader.
Candidates may include some description and anecdote.
These indications of readership and purpose are not
A COMPETITION ENTRY is written for a judge or panel of comprehensive, but are intended to provide some guidelines
judges. Candidates will be expected to nominate somebody for to the different task types.
something or to propose themselves for selection for
something (e.g. a grant to study). A competition entry will
include some degree of persuasion and give reason(s) why the
candidate’s choice is best.
A CONTRIBUTION TO A LONGER PIECE is written for someone

who is in the process of collecting information for use in a
longer document (e.g. a book, a guidebook or a piece of
research). The main purpose is to supply information and
opinion. The choice of register is likely to be influenced by the
purpose of the longer document, as indicated in the task
instructions. A contribution should be clearly organised and
may include headings.
An ESSAY is usually written for a teacher and may be written

as a follow-up to a class activity. It should be well organised,
with an introduction, clear development and an appropriate
conclusion. The main purpose of the task is the development
of an argument and/or the discussion of issues surrounding a
certain topic. Candidates will usually be expected to give
reasons for their opinions.
An INFORMATION SHEET is written for an audience who

needs instruction or help in some area. Candidates will be
expected to produce clear factual information and/or advice
on a topic. An information sheet should be clearly organised.
A LETTER is written in response to the situation outlined in

the question. Letters in the CAE Writing paper will require a
response which is consistently appropriate for the specified
target reader, and candidates can expect to be asked to write
letters to, for example, the editor of a newspaper or magazine,
to the director of an international company, or to a school or
college principal. A letter to a newspaper or magazine may
well include a narrative element which details personal
experience; other letters may be more concerned with giving
factual information.
A PROPOSAL is written for a superior (e.g. a boss or a teacher)

or a peer group (e.g. club members, colleagues). Candidates
will be expected to make a suggestion (or suggestions),
supported by some factual information, in order to persuade
the reader of a course of action. A proposal should be clearly
organised and may include headings.
A REPORT is written for a superior (e.g. a boss or a teacher) or
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g 19
PAPER 2: WRITING Part 2 (Question 1)
Part 1
You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an appropriate style on the
opposite page.
1 Last summer you had a job with an international company that organises music festivals. Your
friend Jan has written to you asking about it. Read the extract from your friend’s letter and from
your diary below, and write a letter to your friend saying whether or not you would recommend
the job to your friend and giving your reasons.
Do you think I’d like the job? Most of all I want to hear plenty of music. I’d
like to make enough money for a holiday too. If I could use my English and get
useful work experience, that would be great!
Cheers,
Jan
?
July 2
Boring office work! No chance to learn anything. I answer the phone and
make coffee.
July 10
Pay day! Things are improving! The money’s not bad.
July 15
Did some translation and dealt with enquiries from English visitors.
July 22
Another free visit to festival!
Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.
20 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r
PAPER 2: WRITING Part 2 (Question 1)
Question 1
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c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 21
PAPER 2: WRITING Part 2 (Questions 2–5)
Part 2
Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answers in 220-260 words in an
appropriate style on the opposite page. Put the question number in the box at the top of the page.
2 You have been asked to provide a reference for a friend of yours who has applied for a job as a
receptionist in an English language college. The person appointed will be good at dealing with a
range of different people and will have excellent administrative skills.
You should include information about your friend’s character and personal qualities and skills,
their previous relevant experience and reasons why they should be considered for this job.
Write your reference.
3 You see the following announcement in an international magazine:
GREAT SCIENTISTS COMPETITION

We are planning a series of TV programmes about the 10 greatest scientists of all time. Which scientist
would you nominate to be included in the series? Write to us describing this person’s achievements and
explaining why you feel he or she should be included.
Write your competition entry.

4 You see this advertisement in an international student magazine.
HOST FAMILIES WANTED
We are inviting applications from families who would like to offer accommodation to
international students during their stay in your country. If you are interested, please write
answering the following questions:
N What do you think are the advantages for a student of staying with a host family compared
with college accommodation?
N What qualities is it necessary for a successful host family to have?
N Why would you like to host international students?
Mr S Martin
Hosts International Ltd.
Write your letter of application.

5 Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the titles below. Write the letter (a) or
(b) as well as the number 5 in the question box on the following page.
(a) The Pelican Brief by John Grisham

A bookshop website has invited its readers to send in a review of a book. You decide to write a
review of The Pelican Brief, briefly outlining the plot and saying whether or not you recommend
it to other readers and why.
Write your review.
(b) Lucky Jim by Kingsley Amis
Your teacher has asked you to write an essay saying which character in Lucky Jim you find
most interesting. You should describe this character and say why you think he or she is the
most interesting character in the story.
Write your essay.
22 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r
PAPER 2: WRITING Part 2 (Questions 2–5)
Question
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c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 23
General Impression Mark Scheme (Draft)
Assessment
Candidates’ answers are assessed with reference to two mark
schemes: one based on the examiner’s overall impression (the BAND For a Band 5 to be awarded, the candidate’s writing has a very
General Impression Mark Scheme), the other on the 5 positive effect on the target reader. The content is relevant and
the topic is fully developed. Information and ideas are skilfully
requirements of the particular task (the Task Specific Mark organised through a range of cohesive devices, which are used
Scheme). The General Impression Mark Scheme summarises to good effect. A wide range of complex structures and
the content, organisation and cohesion, range of structures vocabulary is used effectively. Errors are minimal, and
and vocabulary, register and format, and target reader inaccuracies which do occur have no impact on communication.
Register and tone are consistently appropriate to the purpose of
indicated in the task. The Task Specific Mark Scheme focuses
the task and the audience.
on criteria specific to each particular task. Examples of
candidate responses, together with the Task Specific Mark
BAND For a Band 4 to be awarded, the candidate’s writing has a
Schemes, can be found on pages 25–30.
4 positive effect on the target reader. The content is relevant and
the topic is developed. Information and ideas are clearly
Candidates are penalised for dealing inadequately with the
organised through the use of a variety of cohesive devices. A
requirements of the Task Specific Mark Scheme. The accuracy good range of complex structures and vocabulary is used. Some
of language, including spelling and punctuation, is assessed errors may occur with vocabulary and when complex language is
on the general impression scale for all tasks. attempted, but these do not cause difficulty for the reader.
Register and tone are usually appropriate to the purpose of the
Writing approximately the correct length of text is an integral task and the audience.
part of task achievement. Significantly fewer words are likely
to mean that the task has not been completed, whereas over- BAND For a Band 3 to be awarded, the candidate’s writing has a
long pieces of writing may involve irrelevance or have a 3 satisfactory effect on the target reader. The content is relevant
with some development of the topic. Information and ideas are
negative effect on the target reader. If this is the case, over-
generally organised logically, though cohesive devices may not
length answers will be penalised.
always be used appropriately. A reasonable range of structures
and vocabulary is used, though word choice may lack precision.
The examiner’s first priority is to give credit for the
Errors which do occur do not cause difficulty for the reader.
candidates’ efforts at communication, but candidates are
Register and tone are reasonably appropriate to the purpose of
penalised for content irrelevant to the task set. the task and the audience.
Marking BAND For a Band 2 to be awarded, the candidate’s writing has a

2 negative effect on the target reader. The content is not always
relevant and may lack clarity. Information and ideas are
The panel of examiners is divided into small teams, each with
a very experienced examiner as Team Leader. A Principal sometimes incoherent, with inaccurate use of cohesive devices.
The range of structures and vocabulary is limited and/or
Examiner guides and monitors the marking process, beginning
repetitive, and errors cause difficulty for the reader. Register and
with a meeting of the Principal Examiner for the paper and the tone are often inappropriate to the purpose of the task and the
Team Leaders. This is held immediately after the examination audience.
and begins the process of establishing a common standard of
assessment by the selection and marking of sample scripts for BAND For a Band 1 to be awarded, the candidate’s writing has a very
all the questions in Paper 2. These are chosen to demonstrate 1 negative effect on the target reader. The content is often
irrelevant and/or opaque. Information and ideas are often
the range of responses and different levels of competence, and
incoherent and there is minimal use of cohesive devices. The
a Task Specific Mark Scheme is finalised for each individual range of structures and vocabulary is severely limited, and errors
task on the paper. Examiners discuss these Task Specific and frequently cause considerable difficulty for the reader. Register
General Impression Mark Schemes and refer to them regularly and tone are inappropriate to the purpose of the task and the
while they are working. audience.
During marking, each examiner is apportioned scripts chosen BAND For a Band zero to be awarded, there is either too little language
on a random basis from the whole entry in order to ensure 0 for assessment or the candidate’s writing is totally irrelevant or
illegible.
there is no concentration of good or weak scripts or of one
large centre from one country in the allocation of any one
examiner. A rigorous process of co-ordination and checking is
carried out before, during and after the marking process.
The CAE General Impression Mark Scheme is interpreted at

Council of Europe Level C1.
A summary of the General Impression Mark Scheme is given

below. Trained examiners, who are co-ordinated prior to each
examination session, work with a more detailed version,
which is subject to updating.
24 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa rt 2 : w r i t i n g – a s s e s s m e nt
PAPER 2: WRITING
Question 1 (sample script)
Mark scheme and sample script with examiner comments

QUESTION 1: CANDIDATE A
Content Organisation and cohesion Range

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Language of description, evaluation
letter must: appropriate linking devices. and recommendation.
• describe the job

Register Target reader
• say whether or not they would
Consistently informal to unmarked. Would be informed.
recommend it
• give reasons for their opinion.
Candidate A Examiner comments
Dear Jan, Content

All points covered with some expansion.
I was happy to hear from you again after such a long period of time. So I
send you the information you wanted. Accuracy
Generally accurate with occasional
First, the job with this international company organizing music festivals has awkwardness in choice of structure
two sides. (e.g. ‘I send you’).
I had days where I sat behind a desk in an unfriendly office giving information Range
to people who called. I had to do nothing important except making coffee for Evidence of a range of appropriate
the organising committee during their long hours of talk. But, those few days vocabulary.
were soon forgotten, because after I had shown my ability to work hard I Organisation and cohesion
was responsible for more important tasks. I worked as an interpreter several Clearly organised into paragraphs, with
times, but also had to advise and help English visitors. So I improved my attention paid to use of cohesive devices.
English skills and learned a lot about official and politically correct language.
Register
The next important point is that you will be able to make a really Consistently informal with successful attempt
extraordinary journey. Really, there is not need to worry about money. at a friendly tone appropriate for the target
reader.
As I know your interest in music I especially point out the fact that one gets
free entry to several festivals and sometimes even the change to meet one of Target reader
Would be fully informed.
the performing stars face to face.
Marks awarded
I believe this job to be perfect for you and might even affect your future
Band 4.
career.
Cheers,
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa rt 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e sc r i p ts a n d m a r k sch e m e s 25
PAPER 2: WRITING

QUESTION 2: CANDIDATE B

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Vocabulary related to personality.
reference must: appropriate linking devices.
Language of description, explanation
• describe character/qualities and and recommendation.
skills Register
Consistently formal to unmarked.
• describe previous experience Target reader
• explain why the person should Would be informed.
be selected.
Candidate B Examiner comments
To whom it may concern: Content

Good realisation of the task.
Michelle Wong
Accuracy
Michelle and I have been working for seven years for ACB Ltd, an international Minimal errors; controlled and natural use of
company specialised in the use of plastics engineering. language.
During the time we have worked together she proved herself to be a very Range
competent and efficient receptionist. She is undoubtedly a trustworthy and A very good range of vocabulary and
punctual person, rarely absent from work. She has a level-headed approach to structure.
problems and is never daunted when things go wrong, remaining self- Organisation and cohesion
possessed. She is extremely dedicated to her job and she is known to be a The task is well organised and there is
hard-worker, working overtime should the need arise. evidence of use of a range of cohesive
devices.
As a colleague, she is a friendly person who is always on hand to help.
Therefore, she is liked and respected by everyone. Register
Consistently appropriate.
Regarding dealing with customers, she has a great deal of experience, and her
polite and tactful manner is vital in customer relations. Target reader
Very positive effect on target reader, who
When she started work in the company, due to her organised manner, she would consider Ms Wong’s application.
used to get a little nervous when she was under stain. Nevertheless, she
Marks awarded
soon changed drastically and became more self-assured.
Band 5.
It is undeniable that Michelle has a talent for foreign languages, and she is
fluent in English, French and Chinese. This is a great advantage when working
in an English language college. Despite being such an intelligent person she
keeps a low-profile.
For all these reasons, I strongly believe that Michelle would have much to
contribute, and therefore I have no hesitation in supporting her application
wholeheartedly.
26 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa rt 2 : w r i t i n g – sa m p l e sc r i p ts a n d m a r k sch e m e s
PAPER 2: WRITING

QUESTION 3: CANDIDATE C

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Vocabulary related to science.
competition entry must: appropriate linking devices. Language of description, explanation
• nominate a scientist and justification.

Register
• describe their achievement(s)
May mix registers if appropriate to Target reader
• justify their nomination. approach taken by candidate. Would be informed.
Candidate C Examiner comments
Dear to whom it may concern,

I am writing to you to express my delightness about the planned series of TV
programmes about science, and paralelly I do so, because I would like to Content
All points covered with some expansion.
nominate one person, who is in my opinion, the most important scientist of all
times – Albert Einstein. Accuracy
Ambitious attempt at task with some errors,
I am convinced about this because of three main reasons: the impact of his
particularly with word choice (e.g.
discoveries on our lives, the effect of his theories on a modern science and
‘delightness’, ‘deformated’, ‘refused’), which,
finally the extraordinary charisma and attitude of Einstein, who became an however, do not impede communication.
eternal symbol of free-thinking.
Range
Firstly, the discoveries of this man changed our lives more than we think. His A good range of appropriate vocabulary and
work led to constructing such devices as nuclear bomb or laser. Today we know structure.
that all history of human mankind from 1940s is deformated by the threat of
Organisation and cohesion
nuclear war. A technological progress of mankind is based on abilities that laser
Clearly organised into paragraphs. Letter
offer to us. This man influenced the way of our lives more than anybody else,
format is natural for competition entry.
beyond the shadow of a doubt.
Register
What is more, the ideas of Einstein are somehow even more powerful than Consistent and appropriate.
their application in our life. The three papers on photoelectric effect he
published in 1920’s shaped science in every aspect. E-mc2 has become the Target reader
Achieves the desired effect.
symbol of a modern science and despite the fact that only few people are able
to understand to it, we have it all of us in our minds. I think that the level of Marks awarded
our understanding of phenomenons and questions as a speed of light, how the Band 3.
time works, what is space, what are black holes about, and so on, still haven’t
reached the level of Einstein’s mind.
The last reason of my nomination lies in the charisma of Eintein’s personality.
He is the father of free-thinking. ‘The rebel’, who was almost all his life refused
by “science authorities” He is the one who opened the gates of that, what we
know now as a ‘NEW-AGE”. But he managed to prove to everyone that he is
the biggest genius ever born and I think that he would definetly deserve the
highest position in your ranking.
Yours faithfully
PAPER 2: WRITING

QUESTION 4: CANDIDATE D

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Language of description, comparison
letter of application must: appropriate linking devices. and explanation.
• outline the advantages of staying

in a host family rather than in Register Target reader
college accommodation Formal to unmarked. Would be informed and consider
application.
• describe what qualities are
necessary to be a host family
• explain why they are interested

in hosting students.
Candidate D Examiner comments
Dear Mr S. Martin, Content

Some attempt at task but with notable
My name is Holly Parker and I’m writing this letter as a response to your
omissions in the response. The candidate has
latest add in the ‘Student International Magazine’. not explained the advantages to students of
We are a family of four: my husband Gregory, forty-five, working as a host family accommodation, nor described
the qualities a host family needs to have.
consultant manager for a tourist agency; our two sons Eric, 18 years old, and
John, 16 years old; both students; and of course myself, 43 years old and Accuracy
working as an account manager. We have a 5 bedroom and 4 bathroom Mostly accurate with very few errors.
cottage and we live at a short distance from the best tourist attractions in
Range
the region and within walking distance from the nearest bus and rail-way Satisfactory for the task.
station.
We would be more than happy to wellcome amongst us a male foreign Slightly over paragraphed.
student, to live with us as a part of our family, for the duration of two years.
Register
Besides lodging we offer three meals per day and he would be more than Satisfactory.
wellcome to any family outings and activities. Target reader
We are making this application because we would like to experience living with Would be partially informed.
someone coming from another culture and also because my boys are going to Marks awarded
leave soon to France as exchange students and I would like to know what Band 2.
would be the best option for us as parents, to send them to college
accomodation or to families like us.
I sincerely hope my letter of application will be accepted and that we are

found suitable to host an international student.
Best regards
PAPER 2: WRITING
Question 5a (sample script)

QUESTION 5A: CANDIDATE E

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Language of description,
review must: appropriate linking devices. recommendation and explanation.
• briefly describe the plot of

The Pelican Brief Register Target reader
May mix registers if appropriate to Would be informed.
• say whether or not they would
approach taken by candidate.
recommend it
Candidate E Examiner comments
Pelican Brief is very exciting story. It is writen by John Grisham, who wrote Content
lot of thrillers. The book begins when two judges are murdered. Darby Shaw is Content points are addressed, though there is
heroine of book and she tries to find reasons of the murders. She believes that a lack of balance between description of the
oil tycoon Victor Mattiese guilty, because he want to get oil on land where live plot and opinion/recommendation.
special pelicans. He has to make legal process for permission to work on that Accuracy
land. Two murdered judges protected the environment. Darby understands Lack of control of basic structure.
that Mattiese, who made business before with President of USA thinks Language issues obscure message in places
President can now make new judges who will let him to use land. Darby tells (e.g. ‘Boyfriend and that other also
to her boyfriend her idea that tycoon is corrupt and he tells other person. murdered.’).
Boyfriend and that other also murdered. Darby knows she correct. Journalist,
Range
Gray Grantham, helps to Darby to prove she is right. The bad guys try to kill Attempt to use a range of vocabulary
Darby and Gray. Of course, all well that ends well. Darby is not murdered and (e.g. ‘I bit my nails’). However, little evidence
falls in love again. of successful use of a range of structure.
I liked very much this book and recomend to read it to other readers on your Organisation and cohesion
website. Is very good film too but book is better, from my point of view. I bit Broadly organised into two paragraphs
my nails when I read the book because it so exciting and thrilling. though there is little attention to cohesion.
Register
Not inappropriate though little discernible
adaptation to audience.
Target reader
Very negative effect.
Marks awarded
Band 1.
PAPER 2: WRITING
Question 5b (sample script)

QUESTION 5B: CANDIDATE F

For Band 3 or above, the candidate’s Clearly organised into paragraphs with Language of description and opinion.
essay must: appropriate linking devices.
• describe the most interesting Target reader

character in Lucky Jim Register Would be informed.
Consistently formal to unmarked.
Candidate F Examiner comments
There are many interesting characters in Lucky Jim but as for me the most of Content
these is the protagonist Jim Dixon. The content of the task is covered.
Jim is a young professor at university in England just after the WW2. He says Accuracy
that he became it because he doesn’t know what to do in his life and is not at A number of non-impeding errors.
all happy to work there. He doesn’t like teaching and he doesn’t like his boss Range
the professor Welch. Instead he imagines to work for a rich man to help him Attempts to use a range of language are not
not to be bored and this happens in the end of the story. In fact Jim doesn’t always entirely successful (e.g. ‘burns down’).
like a lot of the other personages in the book and the story is mainly about
his life in battle with them.
Clearly organised and paragraphed with some
Another reason Jim is the most interesting is that funny things happen to attention paid to cohesion.
him, especially when he had drunk. For example at Welch’s house he runs Register
away from singing and goes to the pub. When he returns he by accident burns Consistent and appropriate.
down his bed. Also he drinks to give him courage before his speech and finishes
Target reader
by mocking the university stuff.
Would be informed.
Though Jim is not always a good man I find him interesting and am very
Marks awarded
happy when in the end of the story he gets a good job and Christine at the Band 3.
same time.
PAPER 3
USE OF
ENGLISH
Paper format The paper contains five parts. PART 1

Timing 1 hour. Task type Multiple-choice cloze.
and focus Lexical/lexico-grammatical.
No. of parts 5.
Format A modified cloze test containing 12 gaps and
followed by 12 four-option multiple-choice items.
Task types Multiple-choice cloze, open No. of Qs 12.
cloze, word formation, gapped
sentences, key word
transformations. PART 2
Task type Open cloze.
Answer format Candidates may write on the
and focus Grammatical/lexico-grammatical.
question paper, but must
transfer their answers to the Format A modified cloze test containing 15 gaps.
separate answer sheets within
No. of Qs 15.
the time limit.
Candidates indicate their
answers by shading the correct PART 3
lozenges or writing the Task type Word formation.
required word or words in a and focus Lexical/lexico-grammatical.
box on the separate answer
Format A text containing 10 gaps. Each gap corresponds
sheets.
to a word. The stems of the missing words are
Marks Parts 1, 2, and 3: each correct given beside the text and must be changed to
answer receives 1 mark. form the missing word.
Part 4: each correct answer
No. of Qs 10.
receives 2 marks.
Part 5: each answer receives up
to 2 marks. PART 4
Task type Gapped sentences.
and focus Lexical.
Format Questions are made up of three discrete

sentences. Each sentence contains one gap. The
gapped word is common to the three sentences.
Candidates must write one word which is
appropriate in all three sentences.
No. of Qs 5.
PART 5
Task type Key word transformations.
and focus Lexical and grammatical.
Format Eight separate items, each with a lead-in sentence

and a gapped second sentence to be completed in
three to six words, one of which is a given ‘key
word’.
No. of Qs 8.
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 3 : use o f e n g l is h 31
PAPER 3: USE OF ENGLISH Part 1 (Questions 1–12)
Part 1
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
0 A expressed B directed C indicated D guided
0 A B C D
What we know about music and the brain

Work on the human brain has (0) ….. how different parts are centres of activity for different skills,
feelings, perceptions and so on. It has also been shown that the left and right halves, or
hemispheres, of the brain are (1) ….. for different functions. While language is processed in the left,
or analytical hemisphere, music is processed in the right, or emotional hemisphere. (2) ….. of music
like tone, pitch and melody are all probably processed in different parts of the brain. Some features of
musical experience are processed not just in the auditory parts of the brain, but in the visual ones.
We don’t yet fully understand the (3) ….. of this.
The tempo of music seems to be (4) ….. related to its emotional impact, with fast music often (5) …..
as happier and slower music as sadder. It is the same with the major biological rhythm of the body:
our heart (6) ….. quickens when we’re happy, but slows when we’re sad. Military music may have
(7) ….. from attempts to get us ready for (8) ….. by using fast drumming to (9) ….. our hearts into
beating faster. Music is perhaps one of the most complex experiences the brain (10) ….. with and it
has become an absolutely (11) ….. part of our rituals and ceremonies. It has power beyond language
to (12) ….. mood and co-ordinate our emotional states.
32 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 3 : use o f e n g l is h – sa m p l e pa p e r
1 A amenable B dependable C responsible D reliable
2 A Views B Aspects C Factors D Pieces
3 A expectations B implications C assumptions D propositions
4 A surely B plainly C evidently D directly
5 A felt B endured C encountered D touched
6 A pulse B speed C pace D rate
7 A evolved B extended C advanced D elevated
8 A battle B fight C quarrel D struggle
9 A activate B motivate C stimulate D animate
10 A manages B copes C bears D holds
11 A vital B important C compulsory D dominant
12 A notify B report C associate D communicate
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c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 3 : use o f e n g l is h – sa m p l e pa p e r 33
Part 2
For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only
one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example: 0 B Y
Mosquitoes
According to the World Health Organisation, malaria, a disease spread (0) ..... mosquitoes, affects
millions of people every year. Everyone knows how irritating the noise made by a mosquito, (13) …..
by a painful reaction to its bite, can be. It is astonishing that so (14) ….. is known about why
mosquitoes are drawn to or driven away from people, given (15) ….. level of distress and disease
caused by these insects. We know that the most effective chemical (16) ….. protecting people against
mosquitoes is diethyltoluamide, commonly shortened (17) ….. deet. (18) ….. deet works well, it has
some serious drawbacks: it can damage clothes and some people are allergic to it.
Scientists know that mosquitoes find some people more attractive than others, but they do not know
(19) ….. this should be. They also know that people vary in (20) ….. reactions to mosquito bites.
One person has a painful swelling while (21) ….. who is bitten by the same mosquito, (22) ….. hardly
notice. Scientists have (23) ….. discovered the reason for this, but they have carried (24) …..
experiments to show that mosquitoes are attracted to, or put (25) ….. by, certain smells. In the future,
scientists hope to develop a smell that mosquitoes cannot resist. This could be used in a trap
(26) ….. that, instead of attacking people, mosquitoes would fly into the trap and be destroyed. For the
time (27) ….. however, we have to continue spraying ourselves with unpleasant liquids if we want to
avoid getting bitten.
Part 3
For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the
lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example: 0 C OM P A R I S O N
An ancient tree
In Totteridge, in north London, there is a yew tree estimated to be between
1,000 and 2,000 years old. This tree, however, is a mere youngster in
(0) ……………………. with others of the species. The record in the UK is held COMPARE
by a yew in Scotland that is thought to be between 4,000 and 5,000 years old.
However, such trees are becoming (28) ……………………. rare and the Totteridge INCREASE
specimen was considered of (29) ……………………. importance to be named in 1999 SUFFICE
as one of the 41 ‘great trees’ in London. Like many yews, the Totteridge tree
(30) ……………………. predates the buildings around it and its exact age is unknown. DOUBT
The Totteridge tree needs little (31) ……………………. . Some of its outer branches MAINTAIN
hang down so low that they have taken root. But this is part of the tree’s natural
architecture and contributes to its (32) ……………………. in high winds. With the best STABLE
of (33) ……………………. , ancient yew sites are often tidied up with no benefit to the INTEND
tree. Dead branches are not (34) ……………………. shed by the tree and their wood READY
harbours a multitude of insects, an inseparable part of the old tree’s natural
(35) ……………………. . Something of the tree’s history is lost with the DIVERSE
(36) ……………………. of dead wood. After all, the decaying, twisted and REMOVE
(37) ……………………. parts give the tree character. ATTRACT
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Part 4
For questions 38-42, think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
Here is an example (0).
Example:
0 They say the new minister is a lovely person and very

……………………………………………………… to talk to.
My neighbours have not had a very ……………………………………………………… life, but

they always seem cheerful.
It’s ……………………………………………………… enough to see why the town is popular

with tourists.
Example: 0 E A S Y
Write only the missing word IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
_________________________________________________________________________________
38 I can’t see the ……………………………………………………… of all this paperwork, can you?
I was so frustrated that I was on the ……………………………………………………… of giving

up, but my piano teacher persuaded me to keep on practising.
Now, let’s move on to the final ……………………………………………………… for discussion

at this meeting.
39 I think it’s ……………………………………………………… to say that not everyone in the

boardroom agreed with the decision about the site of the new factory.
Rita complained that it was not ……………………………………………………… that she had a

smaller company car than her colleagues.
My husband looks nothing like his brothers and sisters because he is so

……………………………………………………… .
40 The workers at the car factory are at present ……………………………………………………… in

negotiations to improve their position.
As the business expanded and more staff were required, the company
……………………………………………………… the services of a recruitment agency.
When my brother and his new girlfriend announced that they were
……………………………………………………… it took the whole family by surprise.
41 The instructions were written in such a complicated way that Joe had to spend a long time
……………………………………………………… out how to set up the printer.
First results indicated that the new drug was ………………………………………………………

and had no side effects.
John was annoyed to find the drinks machine was not

……………………………………………………… yet again.
42 Lisa is in ……………………………………………………… while I’m away from the office, OK?
They’ve introduced a small ……………………………………………………… for parking outside

the station.
The protestors moved back quickly in reaction to a sudden

……………………………………………………… by the police.
Turn over Ź
Part 5
For questions 43-50, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and
six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
Example:
0 James would only speak to the head of department alone.
ON
James ……………………………………………………… to the head of department alone.
The gap can be filled with the words ‘insisted on speaking’, so you write:
Example: 0 I N S I S T E D O N S P E A K I N G
Write the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
________________________________________________________________________________
43 There were a lot of things that we had to think about before we could accept their offer.
OBLIGED
There were several things that we ………………………………………………………

consideration before we could accept their offer.
44 Do you think you could help me to fill in this application form?
WONDERING
I ……………………………………………………… me a hand filling in this application form.
45 I know that it was wrong of me to shout in front of the customers.
RAISED
I know that I should …………………………………………………… in front of the customers.
46 If you need any help, you can always call me.
HESITATE
If you need any help, ……………………………………………………… me.
47 It hasn’t rained quite as much this year as in previous years.
SLIGHTLY
This year, it has rained ……………………………………………………… did in previous years.
48 Unless the weather improves, they will have to stop the tennis match.
MEAN
If the weather doesn’t get ……………………………………………………… stopping the tennis

match.
49 I don’t mind whether we stay in or go out this evening, but John wants to go to the cinema.
DIFFERENCE
It doesn’t ……………………………………………………… whether we stay in or go out this

evening, but John wants to go to the cinema.
50 It’s possible that the thieves entered the building by forcing a window at the back.
BROKEN
The thieves may ……………………………………………………… the building through a

window at the back.
PAPER 3: USE OF ENGLISH Answer keys
1 C 13 followed 28 increasingly 38 point
2 B 14 little 29 sufficient 39 fair
3 B 15 the 30 undoubtedly/ 40 engaged

doubtlessly
4 D 16 for 41 working
31 maintenance
5 A 17 to 42 charge
32 stability
6 D 18 Though/though/Although/
although/While/while/Whilst/whilst 33 intentions
7 A
19 why 34 readily
8 A
20 their 35 diversity
9 C
21 another 36 removal
10 B
22 may/might/will 37 unattractive
11 A
23 not/never
12 D
24 out
25 off
26 so
27 being
PART FIVE
43 were obliged to ][ take into
44 was wondering if/whether ][ you

could/would/might lend/give
45 not have raised ][ my voice
46 don’t/do not hesitate ][ to call
47 slightly less ][ than it
48 (any) better ][ it will mean
49 make any/much difference ][ to me
50 have broken ][ into
][ shows where the answer is split into

two parts for marking purposes.
40 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 3 : use o f e n g l is h – a ns w e r k e ys
PAPER 4
LISTENING
Paper format The paper contains four parts. Each part

contains a recorded text or texts and
PART 1
corresponding comprehension tasks. Each Task type Multiple choice.
part is heard twice. and focus Feeling, attitude, opinion, purpose,
function, agreement, course of action,
Timing Approximately 40 minutes. gist, detail, etc.
No. of parts 4. Format Three short extracts from exchanges
between interacting speakers with two
multiple-choice questions on each
Task types Multiple choice, sentence completion, extract.
multiple matching.
No. of Qs 6.
Text types Monologues: announcements, radio
broadcasts, speeches, talks, lectures,
PART 2
anecdotes, etc.
Interacting speakers: radio broadcasts, Task type Sentence completion.
interviews, discussions, etc. and focus Specific information, stated opinion.
Answer format Candidates are advised to write their Format A monologue (which may be
introduced by a presenter) lasting
answers in the spaces provided on the
approximately 3 minutes. Candidates
question paper while listening. There will
are required to complete the sentences
be 5 minutes at the end of the test to copy
with information heard on the
the answers onto a separate answer recording.
sheet.
Candidates indicate their answers by No. of Qs 8.
shading the correct lozenges or writing
the required word or words in a box on PART 3
the answer sheet.
Task type Multiple choice.
Recording The instructions for each task are given and focus Attitude and opinion.
information in the question paper, and are also heard
Format A conversation between two or more
on the recording. These instructions
speakers of approximately 4 minutes.
include the announcement of pauses of
There are six multiple-choice
specified lengths, during which questions, each with four options.
candidates can familiarise themselves
No. of Qs 6.
with the task and, for some items, predict
some of the things they are likely to hear.
A variety of voices, styles of delivery and PART 4
accents will be heard in each Listening
Task type Multiple matching.
paper to reflect the various contexts
and focus Gist, attitude, main points, interpreting
presented in the recordings, as
context.
appropriate to the international contexts
of the test takers. Format Five short themed monologues, of
approximately 30 seconds each. Each
Marks Each correct answer receives 1 mark. multiple-matching task requires
selection of the correct options from a
list of eight.
No. of Qs 10.
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g 41
PAPER 4: LISTENING Part 1 (Questions 1–6)
Part 1
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits
best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
Extract One
You hear two people on a music programme talking about the singer Nancy Graham.
1 What is the man’s opinion of Nancy’s second album?
A He thinks it is very experimental.

B He appreciates the continuity of style. 1
C He wonders if she is lacking inspiration.
2 What do the two speakers agree about?
A the freshness of the music

B the lack of real emotion in the music 2
C the calming effect of the music on the listener
Extract Two
You hear part of an interview with a woman who trained the winning horse in a top
showjumping competition.
3 Why does she compare herself to an Olympic athlete?
A to demonstrate how tough she had to be

B to explain how she reacted to her victory 3
C to emphasise how fortunate she was to win
4 How did she feel before her horse won the competition?
A uncertain of the rider’s ability

B frustrated with the worsening weather 4
C doubtful whether her horse was fit enough
42 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r
Extract Three
You hear part of an interview with a food writer called Richard Capstick.
5 Richard decided not to become a chef because he lacked
A adequate organisational skills.

B a talent for inventive cooking. 5
C the ability to make quick decisions.
6 What did Richard think about food writing before he got involved in it?
A He considered himself well suited to it.

B He regarded it as a hobby rather than a career. 6
C He imagined a qualification was needed to do it.
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c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 43
Part 2
You will hear a marine wildlife photographer called Bruce Hind talking about his work.
For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
MARINE WILDLIFE PHOTOGRAPHER
Bruce says that 7 is the most important aspect of his work.
Before going on a trip, Bruce makes
8 of the photographs he hopes to take.
Knowing the type of photographs he wants to take helps Bruce to choose the right
Bruce disagrees with people who say his way of taking photographs is not
10
It’s important to find out whether
11 is needed to photograph in a particular place.
Bruce says that 12 have spoiled several promising shots.
When at sea, Bruce generally keeps his cameras in a container designed for storing
13
He is particularly pleased when his photographs appear in
14
Part 3
You will hear part of a radio interview in which the comedian and writer Jane Clarkson is talking about
her work. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what
you hear.
15 What did Jane find difficult about writing a book?
A She couldn’t travel around the country.

B She didn’t get any instant reaction to her work.
C She had to spend time looking after her daughter.
D She found the process itself very challenging.
16 According to Jane, why did some critics dislike her novel?
A They didn’t think the book was funny.

B They were dismissive of her initial success.
C They thought her male colleagues were better writers.
D They thought she should stick to being a comedian.
17 Which aspect of Jane’s work as a comedian helped her to write?
A her patience
B her ability to listen
C her habit of watching people
D her rational way of thinking
18 According to Jane, how do many people react to female comedians?
A They’re convinced women can’t tell jokes.

B They’re afraid the women will break down.
C They find women’s humour too intense.
D They find women’s jokes embarrassing.
19 What was the disadvantage of the stage image which Jane developed?
A It frightened the audience.

B It made the audience angry.
C People thought it reflected her real personality.
D People did not take her seriously any more.
20 Why does Jane prefer being a solo comedian to acting in a play?
A She can choose where she works.

B There is a greater range of roles.
C It’s more rewarding financially.
D It’s a more relaxing way of life.
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c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 45
PAPER 4: LISTENING
Sample tapescript
This is the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English tell the difference between the track I’d started listening
Listening test. to and the one I was listening to then.
SAMPLE TEST. PAUSE 5 SECONDS

—
I’m going to give you the instructions for this test. *** —
REPEAT EXTRACT 1
I’ll introduce each part of the test and give you time to look at PAUSE 3 SECONDS
the questions.
Extract two.
At the start of each piece you will hear this sound:
You hear part of an interview with a woman who trained the
— —
*** winning horse in a top showjumping competition.
You’ll hear each piece twice.
Now look at questions three and four.
Remember, while you’re listening, write your answers on the
PAUSE 15 SECONDS
question paper. You’ll have 5 minutes at the end of the test to
—
copy your answers onto the separate answer sheet. *** —
Int: What do you remember about the first time one of your
There’ll now be a pause. Please ask any questions now, horses was a winner?
because you must not speak during the test.
Trainer: It’s an incredible experience, after all those months of
PAUSE 5 SECONDS training. When my horse, Black Prince, won the National
Now open your question paper and look at Part 1. Showjumping Competition, people expected me to be
exhilarated, but I was absolutely stunned by it. People
PAUSE 5 SECONDS ask, ‘How did you celebrate?’ but you’re completely
You’ll hear three different extracts. For questions 1–6, choose wiped out! And it takes a while for it to sink in. I think
the answer (A, B, or C) which fits best according to what you you’re like an Olympic athlete – you know, they say it
hear. There are two questions for each extract. never comes home to them until they’re on their way
home.
Extract one
Int: You were worried about Black Prince before the
You hear two people on a music programme talking about the competition, weren’t you?
singer Nancy Graham.
Trainer: Not so much him, because he was in pretty good
Now look at questions one and two. condition on the whole, and although the heavens had
PAUSE 15 SECONDS
opened and it was getting awfully muddy underfoot,
— Black Prince excelled on that sort of ground. I hate to

*** — admit this now, but we had a replacement rider at the
Jon: I bought Nancy Graham’s first album. I loved it and
last minute, and I did just wonder if he could hack it –
thought it was a really new sound and a different way to
it’s a challenging course. Fortunately of course I was
sing the old jazz and blues songs. This one, however,
proved wrong, so I had to eat my words! I also … [fade]
seems in a way more of the same and, although there’s
been an injection of country music to vary that jazz PAUSE 5 SECONDS
sound, I did think that she was slightly running out of —
*** —
steam and maybe she’s released this album too soon. REPEAT EXTRACT 2
PAUSE 5 SECONDS
Meg: I think there’s a lot of great stuff on it – the late night
jazz numbers in particular. It just gets a bit bland at Extract three.
times for me. When the true ‘country’ stars sing of pain
and anguish you believe them, which I can’t say I do You hear part of an interview with a food writer called Richard
here. Capstick.
Jon: Maybe it’s just that she’s just not quite mature enough Now look at questions five and six.
yet to have had the necessary experience to inject into PAUSE 15 SECONDS
the songs, and that’s why? —
*** —
Meg: I have to say I did find it wonderfully soothing. I actually Int: So, Richard, you worked as an assistant in the kitchens
fell asleep listening to it but when I woke up I couldn’t of several well-established restaurants, moving round to
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e ta p e sc r i p t 47
gain experience. You found being involved in the the same photos every time.
preparation of new and different things every day very
It’s also important to remember that marine
exciting. But at the same time you seem to have
photography is not only about what you might want to
discovered you really didn’t want to be a chef?
get as pictures. The seas where you find whales and
Richard:Yes, it was quite tough just coming to that decision! dolphins are often protected, so you need to check
I realised being a top chef is all about teamwork, and whether you need to get official permission to
basically I just wasn’t up to being in charge of a whole photograph there. So that means leaving enough time to
kitchenful of people. There’s more to it than just creating apply in advance to the relevant authorities.
fabulous dishes.
So, well, eventually I find myself at sea, and that’s where
Int: And so you turned to writing about food? the real excitement starts ... Most of the time, I’ll be in a
boat, often quite a small one, and of course they don’t
Richard: I’d never really seen myself in that role at all, because
stay very still at the best of times, and quite a few
I assumed, wrongly of course, that you couldn’t actually
potentially great photos have been ruined by sudden
write for a living without some kind of recognised
storms, when you just can’t get the photos you want.
training or something. But a customer at a café where
The other challenge is to prevent water damage to my
I was working asked me to write an article about food for
cameras, so I usually keep them in a plastic food
a magazine she was setting up, and when I did it,
container, which is watertight, even if it doesn’t look
I thought, ‘I love this!’ and soon it wasn’t even a part-
entirely professional!
time thing, it took over my whole life.
And the results? Well, because I travel a lot, I’m rarely at
Int: And you became the successful writer you are today …
[fade] home, so my son keeps most of my photos in his house,
so I can see them there if I want. I’m really delighted
PAUSE 5 SECONDS when photos are accepted by magazines, because they
— —
*** then reach a wider public than in an exhibition or if I do
REPEAT EXTRACT 3 a commission for a book.
PAUSE 3 SECONDS
PAUSE 10 SECONDS
That’s the end of Part 1.
Now you’ll hear Part 2 again.
Now turn to Part 2.
—
*** —
PAUSE 5 SECONDS
REPEAT PART 2
You’ll hear a marine wildlife photographer called Bruce Hind PAUSE 5 SECONDS
talking about his work. For questions 7–14, complete the That’s the end of Part 2.
sentences.
Now turn to Part 3.
You now have 45 seconds to look at Part 2.
PAUSE 5 SECONDS
PAUSE 45 SECONDS
— You’ll hear part of a radio interview in which the comedian
*** — and writer Jane Clarkson is talking about her work. For
Well, the first thing to say about marine photography is
questions 15–20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits
that it’s not as easy as it might look. Actually taking
best according to what you hear.
photos is only a part of it. Because you have to organise
a boat and crew and everything, forward planning is You now have 1 minute to look at Part 3.
actually the key to my work and without that I’d never
PAUSE 1 MINUTE
pick up a camera, because I wouldn’t know what I was
—
aiming for. Another important aspect is doing drawings *** —
which show roughly what the photograph will contain – Int: Today I’m with the much-loved comedian and writer
if I do that first, it means I’m more likely to capture it on Jane Clarkson. Obviously Jane, this year has been quite a
film. And because I’ve decided beforehand what pictures turning point for you ...
I want, I’m in a position to select the appropriate
Jane: Well, I’ll never stop doing comedy, but there were
equipment ... it’s all part of the process.
practical reasons for wanting to take some time off and
I mean, not everybody goes about it as I do, I know, and write a book. I felt my daughter had been neglected. She
some people say that I’m ruling out the creative side of was just about to make the tricky transition from
photography by working in this way. But in fact the primary to secondary school and I thought she needed
opposite is true. Because my aim is for every photo to her mum around. I seem to have spent most of her life
depict something new, I need to think about how I’m in a van touring from venue to venue for my comedy act.
going to achieve that, otherwise I’d just go home with And I did enjoy being at home for a bit, although I
48 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e ta p e sc r i p t
missed the applause and the laughter. When I finished star. The reason I started to do comedy acts was that in
writing in the evening, I’d turn the computer off and the 1980s a lot of small provincial theatres closed down.
there’d be nothing, which was hard to get used to. In the past, girls would’ve come out of drama school and
if they had a leaning towards comedy they’d join one of
Int: How was your novel received?
these small theatres and play a variety of comedy roles
Jane: Well, a lot of male comedians had written books, so in all sorts of plays from Shakespeare to contemporary
there was a bit of a bandwagon waiting to be jumped on, stuff. All of a sudden, with the demise of these theatres,
but with my impeccable timing I jumped slightly late, rooms above pubs opened up and comedians started
when everyone was starting to get heartily sick of telling jokes and developing their acts there. It was
comedians’ books. Also there’s a kind of fury coming cheap, one performer one microphone, and anyone
from some journalists about comics writing books. could do it. In some ways, it’s a healthier performance
They’re absolutely livid, as if they see your book in a art than acting, because with acting you’re at the mercy
bookshop and they jump up and down, shouting, ‘It’s not of everybody else deciding whether you can work or not.
fair! Why should she make money out of writing as well With stand-up comedy, you might only get paid peanuts,
as performing?’ but nobody can stop you from just driving to a venue,
often hundreds of miles in terrible weather, and going
Int: Was it a difficult transition?
on stage.
Jane: Well, if you think logically, writing is the obvious step.
Int: But what is it when you’re actually on stage … [fade]
I’ve spent years trying to make people listen to my
anecdotes, so that must count for something! Also, if PAUSE 10 SECONDS
you’ve been an observational comedian, which I am, it’s

not a great leap to use those skills you’ve developed, like
—
observing odd mannerisms to use for jokes, and turn *** —
them into a book. At least that’s what I felt, but you don’t REPEAT PART 3
become a writer instantly. I’ll have to wait and see PAUSE 5 SECONDS
whether it was just beginners’ luck.
That’s the end of Part 3.
Int: I think why people give you a hard time about the novel
Now turn to Part 4.
is surely because we’re so trapped into thinking Jane
Clarkson is a comedian. It’s as though, you know, you PAUSE 5 SECONDS
can’t do anything else, which is quite ridiculous because
Part 4 consists of two tasks. You’ll hear five short extracts in
you’ve been writing radio comedy for years.
which people are talking about keeping fit. Look at Task 1. For
Jane: Yes, people do become obsessed about what you are. The questions 21–25, choose from the list A–H the person who is
character I adopted for my comedy act became rather a speaking. Now look at Task 2. For questions 26–30, choose
burden after a while. When I started going on stage from the list A–H what each speaker is expressing. While you
alone, I was very young and I wasn’t entirely convincing listen you must complete both tasks.
as a comedian because nervous young women on stage
You now have 45 seconds to look at Part 4.
actually frighten audiences. They’re convinced you’re
going to fail and burst into tears, which will be very PAUSE 45 SECONDS
—
embarrassing. So there’s a palpable tension in the room
*** —
and some audiences actually boo the female comedians Speaker 1
off the stage.
PAUSE 2 SECONDS
Int: How did you deal with that?
People always think I should be the fittest person
Jane: Well, I had to counteract that stereotype so I started around. I mean, here I am in the gym with all these
coming on shouting and being madder and crosser than machines, just ready and waiting for me to use them.
any audience could ever be and that defused the But in reality there’s very little time for that. You see,
tension. In fact, I rather overdid it and my character got I open up for the early birds at seven, and then once the
cruder than I ever really intended. I got so good at it that business types have moved on to the office, it’s time to
people got confused between the everyday Jane and the help the mums and senior citizens to flex their muscles.
stage Jane. Then I grab a sandwich for lunch, and well, the day just
rolls on with more of the same, till lateish in the
Int: What attracted you in the first place to performing, and
evening. Don’t get me wrong, I really like the
particularly to making people laugh?
predictability of it. But as for sorting out my own
Jane: Oh, from an early age, I knew I wanted to be an actress. I programme – no chance!
innocently thought I was going to be a glamorous film
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e ta p e sc r i p t 49
PAUSE 3 SECONDS same. Luckily Lucy isn’t fussy about food, so we eat a
pretty balanced diet, but nothing too trendy. And three
Speaker 2
evenings a week I get a babysitter in, and do as many
PAUSE 2 SECONDS lengths of the local pool as I can possibly manage. I’m
determined to try to keep that up.
Every year when spring comes around, I’m called in and
told to send off for the brochures on all the gyms in the PAUSE 3 SECONDS
area. Let’s face it, she could ask her children to do that!
Speaker 5
And she’s so casual about it, that’s what gets me, just
assumes I have nothing better to do. It’s ridiculous, PAUSE 2 SECONDS
because three weeks later all the brochures are
For most of my life I’ve been listening to people giving
gathering dust, and a week after that, they end up in the
me their half-baked theories on keeping fit. It’s just like
bin! It’s not part of my job to make sure other people are
water off a duck’s back now – I must confess I hardly
fit – or tidy up after them. But all this takes up valuable
even listen any more. As far as I’m concerned, it doesn’t
time, which means I can’t get on with collating the
matter whether the latest thing is yoga or mud baths or
reports for meetings, and then I have to stay late. It’s so
vitamin supplements. What’s important is doing
thoughtless.
everything in moderation, and that includes diet and
PAUSE 3 SECONDS exercise. If more people took that to heart, my surgery’d
be a lot less crowded, I can tell you!
Speaker 3
PAUSE 45 SECONDS
PAUSE 2 SECONDS
Much as I’d like to say I’m very fit, the fact is I have to
keep an eye on my blood pressure – that’s doctor’s orders —
*** —
and I’m slightly overweight. It’s a lifestyle thing, I REPEAT PART 4
suppose. If I’m office-based, I’m there well before the PAUSE 5 SECONDS
secretary gets in because I need to plan my day. But
invariably I’m travelling, spending a lot of time sitting That’s the end of Part 4.
around. If I know I’ve got a long day of meetings and There’ll now be a pause of 5 minutes for you to copy your
presentations to clients, I force myself to go for a run answers onto the separate answer sheet. Be sure to follow the
round the park at lunchtime. But that’s the best I can do! numbering of all the questions. I’ll remind you when there’s 1
Last year I paid vast sums of money to join a very smart minute left, so that you’re sure to finish in time.
gym, but I was really just subsidising the owner’s
pension, because I never had time to go. PAUSE 4 MINUTES
PAUSE 3 SECONDS You have 1 more minute left.
Speaker 4 PAUSE 1 MINUTE
PAUSE 2 SECONDS That’s the end of the test. Please stop now. Your supervisor will
now collect all the question papers and answer sheets.
The fact is that by the time I’ve got up, sorted out my
daughter Lucy, been to the studio, done some work on
my ongoing project, picked Lucy up from school and got
home, there’s very little time for me to concentrate on
keeping fit. At least in my work, no two days are the
50 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – sa m p l e ta p e sc r i p t
PAPER 4: LISTENING Answer keys
1 C 7 planning 15 B 21 B
2 B 8 drawings 16 D 22 G
3 B 9 equipment 17 C 23 C
4 A 10 creative 18 B 24 A
5 A 11 permission 19 C 25 E
6 C 12 storms 20 A 26 C
13 food 27 H
14 magazines 28 F
29 D
30 B
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 4 : l is te n i n g – a ns w e r k e ys 51
52 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s
PAPER 5
SPEAKING
Paper format The Speaking test contains four PART 1

parts.
Task type A conversation between the interlocutor and each
Timing 15 minutes. and format candidate (spoken questions).
No. of parts 4. Focus General interactional and social language.
Interaction Two candidates and two Timing 3 minutes.

pattern examiners. One examiner acts
as both interlocutor and
assessor and manages the PART 2
interaction either by asking
Task type An individual ‘long turn’ for each candidate with a
questions or providing cues for
and format brief response from the second candidate.
candidates. The other acts as
In turn, the candidates are given three pictures to
assessor and does not join in
talk about.
the conversation.
Focus Organising a larger unit of discourse; comparing,
Task types Short exchanges with the
describing, expressing opinions, speculating.
interlocutor and with the other
candidate; a 1 minute ‘long Timing A 1 minute ‘long turn’ for each candidate, plus a
30-second response from the second candidate.
turn’; a collaborative task
involving the two candidates; a
discussion. PART 3
Marks Candidates are assessed on Task type A two-way conversation between the candidates.
their performance throughout. and format The candidates are given spoken instructions
with written and visual stimuli, which are used in
a decision-making task.
Focus Sustaining an interaction; exchanging ideas,

expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing
and/or disagreeing, suggesting, speculating,
evaluating, reaching a decision through
negotiation, etc.
Timing 4 minutes.
PART 4
Task type A discussion on topics related to the collaborative
and format task (spoken questions).
Focus Expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing

and/or disagreeing.
Timing 4 minutes.
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 5 : s p e a k i n g 53
PAPER 5: SPEAKING Part 1
Part 1
3 minutes (5 minutes for groups of three)
Good morning/afternoon/evening. My name is ………… and this is my colleague ………… .
And your names are?
Can I have your mark sheets, please?
Thank you.
First of all we’d like to know something about you.
Select one or two questions and ask candidates in turn, as appropriate.
N Where are you from?
N What do you do here/there?
N How long have you been studying English?
N What do you enjoy most about learning English?
Select one or more questions from any of the following categories, as appropriate.
Leisure time
N What are your interests and leisure activities?

N How important is sport and exercise in your life?
N What types of TV programme do you think are worth watching?
N What kind of music do you enjoy listening to?
Learning
N What is your happiest memory of school?

N What were the most useful things you learned at school?
N What do you enjoy learning?
N If you had an opportunity to learn something new, what would you choose?
54 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 5 : s p e a k i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r
Part 1
Future plans
N What do you hope to be doing this time next year?

N How might you use your English in the future?
N Would you consider living abroad permanently?
N Are you someone who likes to plan for the future or do you prefer to let things happen?
Travel and holidays
N What kinds of holiday appeal to you most? …… (Why?)

N Which countries would you most like to visit? …… (Why?)
N Which part of your country would you recommend to tourists? …… (Why?)
N Do you think you would like to work in the travel industry? …… (Why? / Why not?)
Daily life
N Which part of the day do you enjoy most? …… (Why?)

N What do you like to do at weekends?
N What do you do to relax?
N Do you prefer to follow a routine or do you like to do something different every day?
c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | pa p e r 5 : s p e a k i n g – sa m p l e pa p e r 55
PAPER 5: SPEAKING Parts 3 and 4
21 The computer generation Parts 3 and 4

Part 3
Interlocutor Now, I’d like you to talk about something together for about three minutes.
(5 minutes for groups of three)
Here are some pictures showing different ways in which computers affect our
lives.
Place Part 3 booklet, open at Task 21, in front of the candidates.
First, talk to each other about how these pictures show the role of computers
nowadays. Then decide which picture best reflects the difference computers have
made to our lives.
All right?
Candidates
3 minutes ………………………………………………………..
(5 minutes for
groups of three)
Interlocutor Thank you. (Can I have the booklet, please?) Retrieve Part 3 booklet.
Part 4
Interlocutor Select any of the following questions, as appropriate: Select any of the following
prompts, as appropriate:
N Some people say that computers are helping to
create a generation of people without social skills. N What do you think?
What’s your opinion? N Do you agree?
N How about you?
N What are the advantages and disadvantages of
shopping by computer?
N How far do you agree that the computer is the greatest invention of modern
times?
N A lot of personal information about all of us is now kept on computers.

Do you find this worrying? …… (Why? / Why not?)
N In future, what role do you think there will be for people who are not interested
in technology? …... (Why?)
Thank you. That is the end of the test.
PAPER 5: SPEAKING Parts 3 and 4
Global Achievement
Assessment
This refers to the candidate’s overall effectiveness in dealing
Throughout the test candidates are assessed on their own
with the tasks in the four separate parts of the CAE Speaking
individual performance and not in relation to each other, by
test. The global mark is an independent, impression mark
two examiners. The assessor awards marks according to five
which reflects the assessment of the candidate’s performance
analytical criteria:
from the interlocutor’s perspective.
• Grammatical Resource
• Vocabulary Resource
• Discourse Management
Marking
• Pronunciation Assessment is based on performance in the whole test, and is
not related to performance in particular parts of the test. In
• Interactive Communication.
many countries, Oral Examiners are assigned to teams, each of
which is led by a Team Leader who may be responsible for
The interlocutor awards a mark for Global Achievement.
approximately 15 Oral Examiners. Team Leaders give advice
Grammatical Resource and support to Oral Examiners, as required. The Team Leaders
are responsible to a Senior Team Leader, who is the
This refers to the accurate and appropriate use of a range of
professional representative of Cambridge ESOL for the
both simple and complex forms. Performance is viewed in
Speaking tests. Senior Team Leaders are appointed by
terms of the overall effectiveness of the language used in
Cambridge ESOL and attend an annual co-ordination and
spoken interaction.
development session in the UK. Team Leaders are appointed
Vocabulary Resource by the Senior Team Leader in consultation with the local
administration.
This refers to the candidate’s ability to use a range of
vocabulary to meet task requirements. At CAE level, the tasks After initial training of examiners, standardisation of marking
require candidates to speculate and exchange views on is maintained by both annual examiner co-ordination sessions
unfamiliar topics. Performance is viewed in terms of the and by monitoring visits to centres by Team Leaders. During
overall effectiveness of the language used in spoken co-ordination sessions, examiners watch and discuss sample
interaction. Speaking tests recorded on video and then conduct practice
tests with volunteer candidates in order to establish a
Discourse Management
common standard of assessment. The sample tests on video
This refers to the candidate’s ability to link utterances are selected to demonstrate a range of nationalities and
together to form coherent speech, without undue hesitation. different levels of competence, and are pre-marked by a team
The utterances should be relevant to the tasks and should be of experienced assessors.
arranged logically to develop the themes or arguments
required by the tasks.
Pronunciation
This refers to the candidate’s ability to produce intelligible

utterances to fulfil the task requirements. This includes stress
and intonation as well as individual sounds. Examiners put
themselves in the position of the non-ESOL specialist and
assess the overall impact of the pronunciation and the degree
of effort required to understand the candidate.
Interactive Communication
This refers to the candidate’s ability to take an active part in

the development of the discourse. This requires the ability to
participate in the range of interactive situations in the test
and to develop discussions on a range of topics by initiating
and responding appropriately. This also refers to the
deployment of strategies to maintain interaction at an
appropriate level throughout the test so that the tasks can be
fulfilled.
60 c a e s p e c i f i c at i o n s a n d sa m p l e pa p e r s | a s se s sm e nt a n d m a r k i n g

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Experts in Language Assessment

© UCLES 2006 EMC/3879/6Y12

Part/timing Content Test focus

Part 4 A text or several short texts preceded by 15 multiple-match-

Part 3 A text containing 10 gaps. Each gap corresponds to a word.

Part 5 Eight separate questions, each with a lead-in sentence and

Part 2 An Individual ‘long turn’ for each candidate with a brief

Part 4 A discussion on topics related to Part 3 (spoken questions).

Further information on the examination will be issued in the form of:

• regular update bulletins

• a comprehensive CAE handbook containing an additional set of sample papers

• an extensive programme of seminars and conference presentations.

2 The purpose of the review project 3 The level of CAE INTRODUCTION

2 Content of Cambridge ESOL General 4 The CAE candidature

6 General description 7 Sample paper

6 Structure and tasks 16 Answer keys 11

18 General description 20 Sample paper

18 Structure and tasks

19 Task types in the Writing paper

25 Sample scripts and mark schemes

31 General description 32 Sample paper

31 Structure and tasks 40 Answer keys 3

41 General description 47 Sample tapescript

41 Structure and tasks

53 General description 60 Assessment

53 Structure and tasks

• The production of examination support materials, punctuation, and discourse structure.

‘Can Do’ summary

• coverage of language abilities underlying these needs

• Paper 1, Paper 3 Part 1 and Paper 4 Parts 1, 3 and 4 are

Reasons for taking CAE on their performance.

• Certificates are issued to candidates gaining a passing

• out of personal interest (12%) Administrative information

Examination content and December.

processing The CAE examination is shorter by approximately one hour.

Factors affecting the design of the examination

Paper format The paper contains four parts, PART 1

Task types Multiple choice, gapped text,

Answer format For all parts of this paper, PART 3

Format A text or several short texts preceded by multiple-

Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

YOUNG ENVIRONMENTAL JOURNALIST COMPETITION

N Your article should show you are

1 Before entering for the competition, young people must have

A conducted some relevant research in their local area.

2 The articles submitted must

A focus on straightforward concepts.

EXTRACT FROM A NOVEL

balanced blocks. But he has glimpsed behind them a further cache

On the shelf above he spots the gold-lettered spine of his own

3 The writer mentions a game in line 12 in order to emphasise

A the difficulty in accessing some material stored in the cupboard.

A the development of Glyn’s academic career.

THE THEORY OF EVERYTHING

Time was when physicists dreamed kind of hard experimental evidence

5 According to the writer, technological ‘spin-offs’ from scientific research

A do not justify the sums invested in it.

6 In this piece, the writer is generally

A distrustful of those who doubt the value of pure research.