2003

STANDARD for

PERFORMANCE
RATING OF
WATER -
CHILLING
PACKAGES
USING THE
VAPOR
COMPRESSION
CYCLE

Standard 550/590

4100 N. FAIRFAX DR., SUITE 200 • ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22203

 IMPORTANT

SAFETY DISCLAIMER

ARI does not set safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or
systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with this standard/guideline. It is strongly
recommended that products be designed, constructed, assembled, installed and operated in accordance with
nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this
standard/guideline.

ARI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-art and accepted industry practices.
ARI does not certify or guarantee that any tests conducted under its standards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or
free from risk.

ARI CERTIFICATION PROGRAM PROVISIONS

Scope of the Certification Program

60 Hz Power
Included in Certification Program
Water-Cooled Air-Cooled
All compressor types All compressor types
Rated up to 2000 tons [7034 kW] at ARI Standard Rating Rated up to 200 tons [ 703 kW] at ARI Standard Rating
Conditions Conditions
Hermetic & open type, electric motor driven Hermetic & open type, electric motor driven
Voltages up to 5000 volts Voltages up to 600 volts
Excluded from Certification Program
Water-Cooled Air-Cooled
Condenserless chillers Condenserless chillers
Evaporatively cooled chillers Evaporatively cooled chillers
Chillers above 2000 tons [7034 kW] Chillers above 200 tons [703 kW]
Chillers with voltages above 5000 volts Chillers with voltages above 600 volts
Chillers powered by other than electric motor drives Chillers powered by other than electric motor drives
Chillers with motors not supplied with the unit by Secondary coolant ratings (other than water)
The manufacturer Free cooling
Secondary coolant ratings (other than water) Heat recovery & heat pump ratings
Free cooling
Heat recovery & heat pump ratings

Price $10.00 (M) $20.00 (NM) Copyright 2003, by Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute
Printed in U.S.A. Registered United States Patent and Trademark Office
 ARI CERTIFICATION PROGRAM PROVISIONS (CONTINUED)

Scope of the Certification Program (Continued)

50 Hz Power
Included in Certification Program
Water-Cooled Air-Cooled
Centrifugal & screw chillers with continuous unloading
Rated 200 - 1000 tons [703-3517 kW] at ARI Standard
Rating Conditions
Hermetic & open type, electric motor driven Not applicable
Voltages up to 5000 volts
Excluded from Certification Program
Water-Cooled Air-Cooled
Scroll & reciprocating compressor chillers
with step unloading
Condenserless chillers
Evaporatively cooled chillers Not applicable
Chillers below 200 tons [703 kW]
Chillers above 1000 tons [3517 kW]
Chillers with voltages above 5000 volts
Chillers powered by other than electric motor drives
Chillers with motors not supplied with the unit by
The manufacturer
Secondary coolant ratings (other than water)
Free cooling
Heat recovery & heat pump ratings
 Certified Ratings
The Certification Program ratings verified by test are:

1. Capacity, tons [kW]

2. Energy Efficiency, as applicable:
• Power Input per Capacity, kW/ton [kW/kW]
• Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER), Btu/(W⋅h)
• Coefficient of Performance (COP), watts/watt [W/W]
3. Water pressure drop, psi or ft H2O [kPa]
4. Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV) (Section 5.4.1)
5. Non-Standard Part-Load Value (NPLV) (Section 5.4.1)

Items 1- 5 are at Standard Rating Conditions (Section 5.2) and at non-standard Rating Conditions (Section 5.3) for both
full and part load (Section 5.4 for part-load performance requirements).

Note:
This standard supersedes ARI Standard 550/590-98 with addenda.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

Section 1. Purpose ..............................................................................................................................1

Section 2. Scope .................................................................................................................................1

Section 3. Definitions .........................................................................................................................1

Section 4. Test Requirements .............................................................................................................2

Section 5. Rating Requirements .........................................................................................................3

Section 6. Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings......................................................12

Section 7. Marking and Nameplate Data..........................................................................................13

Section 8. Conformance Conditions ...............................................................................................13

TABLES

Table 1. Standard Rating Conditions...............................................................................................4

Table 2. Heat Reclaim Standard Rating Conditions........................................................................5

Table 3. Part-Load Conditions for Rating .......................................................................................6

FIGURES

Figure 1. Part-Load Efficiency Curve...............................................................................................7

Figure 2. Air-Cooled Condenser Entering Air Temperature vs. % Load .........................................9

Figure 3. Allowable Tolerance Curves for Full and Part Load ........................................................9

Figure 4. IPLV and NPLV Tolerance Curve .................................................................................11

APPENDICES

Appendix A. References - Normative...................................................................................................14

Appendix B. References - Informative .................................................................................................14

Appendix C. Method of Testing Water Chilling

Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle - Normative..........................................15

Appendix D. Derivation of Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV) - Normative......................................24

 TABLES FOR APPENDICES

Table D1. Group 1 Air-Cooled IPLV Data and Calculation ............................................................28

Table D2. Group 1 Water-Cooled IPLV Data and Calculation........................................................29

Table D3. Group 1 - 4 IPLV Summary ............................................................................................30

FIGURES FOR APPENDICES

Figure D1. Ton-Hour Distribution Categories...................................................................................25

Figure D2. Bin Groupings – Ton-Hours............................................................................................26

Figure D3. Group 1 Ton-Hour Distribution Categories ....................................................................26

Figure D4. Group 2 Ton-Hour Distribution Categories ....................................................................26

 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

PERFORMANCE RATING OF WATER-CHILLING

PACKAGES USING THE VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE
Section 1. Purpose 3.3 Condenser. A refrigeration system component which
condenses refrigerant vapor. Desuperheating and sub-
1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish cooling of the refrigerant may occur as well.
for Water-Chilling Packages using the vapor compression
cycle: definitions; test requirements; rating requirements; 3.3.1 Air-Cooled Condenser. A component which
minimum data requirements for Published Ratings; marking condenses refrigerant vapor by rejecting heat to air
and nameplate data; and conformance conditions. mechanically circulated over its heat transfer surface
causing a rise in the air temperature.
1.1.1 Intent. This standard is intended for the
guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, 3.3.2 Air-Cooled Heat Reclaim Condenser. A
engineers, installers, contractors and users. component which condenses refrigerant vapor in the
process of rejecting the heat of condensation to air
1.1.2 Review and Amendment. This standard is causing a rise in the air temperature. This Condenser
subject to review and amendment as technology may be a separate Condenser the same as or a portion
advances. of the Air-Cooled Condenser.

3.3.3 Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser. A

Section 2. Scope component which condenses refrigerant vapor by
rejecting heat to a water and air mixture mechanically
2.1 Scope. This standard applies to factory-made vapor circulated over its heat transfer surface, causing
compression refrigeration Water-Chilling Packages evaporation of the water and an increase in the
including one or more hermetic or open drive compressors. enthalpy of the air.
These Water-Chilling Packages include:
3.3.4 Water-Cooled Condenser. A component
• Water-Cooled, Air-Cooled, or Evaporatively- which utilizes refrigerant-to-water heat transfer
Cooled Condensers, means, causing the refrigerant to condense and the
• Air-Cooled or Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim water to be heated.
Condensers,
• Packages supplied without a Condenser. 3.3.5 Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim Condenser. A
component which utilizes refrigerant-to-water heat
transfer means, causing the refrigerant to condense
Section 3. Definitions and the water to be heated. This Condenser may be a
separate condenser, the same as, or a portion of the
All terms in this document follow the standard industry Water-Cooled Condenser.
definitions in the current edition of ASHRAE Terminology
of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration 3.4 Dew Point. Refrigerant vapor saturation temperature
unless otherwise defined in this section. at a specified pressure.

3.1 Bubble Point. Refrigerant liquid saturation 3.5 Energy Efficiency.

temperature at a specified pressure.
3.5.1 Coefficient of Performance (COP). A ratio
3.2 Compressor Saturated Discharge Temperature. For of the cooling capacity in watts [W] to the Total
single component and azeotrope refrigerants, it is the Power Input, in watts [W] at any given set of Rating
saturated temperature corresponding to the refrigerant Conditions, expressed in watts/watt [W/W].
pressure at the compressor discharge. For zeotropic
refrigerants, it is the arithmetic average of the Dew Point 3.5.2 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER). A ratio of
and Bubble Point temperatures corresponding to refrigerant the cooling capacity in Btu/h [W] to the Total Power
pressure at the compressor discharge. It is usually taken at Input in watts [W] at any given set of Rating
or immediately downstream of the compressor discharge Conditions, expressed in Btu/(W⋅h).
service valve (in either case on the downstream side of the
valve seat), where discharge valves are used.

1
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

3.5.3 Heat Reclaim Coefficient of Performance 3.10.2 Standard Rating. A rating based on tests
(COPHR). A ratio of the Net Heat Reclaim Capacity performed at Standard Rating Conditions.
(Btu/h) to the Total Power Input to the unit, W
converted to Btu/h 3.11 Rating Conditions. Any set of operating conditions
under which a single level of performance results and which
3.5.4 Power Input per Capacity. A ratio of the causes only that level of performance to occur.
Total Power Input to the unit, in kW to the Net
Refrigerating Capacity at any given set of Rating 3.1.1 Standard Rating Conditions. Rating
Conditions, expressed in kW/ton [kW/kW]. Conditions used as the basis of comparison for
performance characteristics.
3.6 Fouling Factor. The thermal resistance due to
fouling accumulated on the heat transfer surface. 3.12 "Shall" or "Should". "Shall" or "should" shall be
interpreted as follows:
3.6.1 Fouling Factor Allowance. Provision for
anticipated fouling during use specified in 3.12.1 Shall. Where "shall" or "shall not" is used
h⋅ft2⋅ºF/Btu [m2⋅ºC/W]. for a provision specified, that provision is mandatory
if compliance with the standard is claimed.
3.7 Net Heat Reclaim Capacity. A quantity defined as
the mass flow rate of the condenser water multiplied by the 3.12.2 Should, "Should" is used to indicate
difference in enthalpy of water entering and leaving the heat provisions which are not mandatory but which are
reclaim Condenser, Btu/h [kW]. desirable as good practice.

3.8 Net Refrigeration Capacity. A quantity defined as 3.13 Total Power Input. Power input of all components of
the mass flow rate of the evaporator water multiplied by the the unit.
difference in enthalpy of water entering and leaving the
evaporator, Btu/h or tons [kW]. 3.14 Water-Chilling Package. A factory-made and
prefabricated assembly (not necessarily shipped as one
3.9 Part-Load Value (PLV). A single number figure of package) of one or more compressors, Condensers and
merit expressing part-load efficiency for equipment on the evaporators, with interconnections and accessories, designed
basis of weighted operation at various partial load capacities for the purpose of cooling water. It is a machine specifically
for the equipment. designed to make use of a vapor compression refrigeration
cycle to remove heat from water and reject the heat to a
3.9.1 Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV). A cooling medium, usually air or water. The refrigerant
single number part-load efficiency figure of merit Condenser may or may not be an integral part of the
calculated per the method described in this standard package.
at Standard Rating Conditions.
3.14.1 Heat Reclaim Water-Chilling Package. A
3.9.2 Non-Standard Part-Load Value (NPLV). A factory-made package, designed for the purpose of
single number part-load efficiency figure of merit chilling water and containing a Condenser for
calculated per the method described in this standard reclaiming heat. Where such equipment is provided
referenced to conditions other than IPLV conditions. in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies
(For units that are not designed to operate at Standard are to be designed to be used together, and the
Rating Conditions.) requirements of rating outlined in this standard are
based upon the use of matched assemblies. It is a
3.10 Published Ratings. A statement of the assigned package specifically designed to make use of the
values of those performance characteristics, under stated refrigerant cycle to remove heat from the refrigerant
Rating Conditions, by which a unit may be chosen to fit its and to reject the heat to another fluid (air or water)
application. These values apply to all units of like nominal for heating use. Any excess heat may be rejected to
size and type (identification) produced by the same another medium, usually air or water.
manufacturer. The term Published Rating includes the
rating of all performance characteristics shown on the unit
or published in specifications, advertising or other literature Section 4. Test Requirements
controlled by the manufacturer, at stated Rating Conditions.
4.1 Test Requirements. Ratings shall be established at
3.10.1 Application Rating. A rating based on tests the Rating Conditions specified in Section 5. Ratings shall
performed at application Rating Conditions (other be verified by tests conducted in accordance with the test
than Standard Rating Conditions). method and procedures described in Appendix C.

2
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Section 5. Rating Requirements 5.4.1 Determination of Part- Load Performance.

For Water-Chilling Packages covered by this
5.1 Standard Ratings. Standard Ratings for all Water- standard, the IPLV or NPLV shall be calculated as
Chilling Packages shall be established at the Standard follows:
Rating Conditions specified in 5.2.
a. Determine the part-load energy
5.2 Standard Rating Conditions. Water-Chilling efficiency at 100%, 75%, 50%, and
Packages shall be rated at conditions specified in Table 1. 25% load points at the conditions
Heat Reclaim Water-Chilling Packages shall be rated at specified in Table 3.
conditions specified in Table 2 and properly identified as the
Heat Reclaim Standard Rating. Standard Ratings shall b. Use the following equation to calculate
include a water-side Fouling Factor Allowance of 0.00025 the IPLV or NPLV.
h⋅ft2⋅ºF/Btu [0.000044 m2⋅ºC/W] for the Condenser and
0.0001 h⋅ft2 ⋅ºF/Btu [0.000018m2⋅ºC/W] for the evaporator. IPLV
or = 0.01A + 0.42B + 0.45C + 0.12D
NPLV 1a
5.3 Application Rating Conditions. Application Ratings
should include the following range of Rating Conditions or
be within the operating limits of the equipment:
For COP and EER:
All Condenser Types:
where: A = COP or EER at 100%
Leaving chilled water temperature ......40.0 to 48.0ºF B = COP or EER at 75%
[4.4 to 8.9ºC] in increments of 2ºF or less [1ºC or C = COP or EER at 50%
less]. D = COP or EER at 25%

Water-Cooled Condensers: For kW/ton:

Entering condenser water temperature ......65.0 to

105.0ºF [18.3 to 40.6ºC] in increments of 5ºF or less
IPLV 1
[3°C or less]. or =
1b
NPLV 0.01 + 0.42 + 0.45 + 0.12
Air-Cooled Condensers:
A B C D
Entering Condenser air dry-bulb temperature ......55.0
to 125.0°F [12.8 to 51.7°C] dry-bulb in increments of
10°F or less [6°C or less]. where: A= kW/Ton at 100%
B= kW/Ton at 75%
Evaporatively-Cooled Condensers: C= kW/Ton at 50%
D= kW/Ton at 25%
Entering Condenser air wet-bulb temperature
......50.0 to 80.0°F [10.0 to 26.7°C] wet-bulb in 5.4.1.1 For a derivation of equations 1a
increments of 2.5°F or less [1.4°C or less]. and 1b, and an example of an IPLV or
NPLV calculation, see Appendix D. The
5.4 Part-Load Rating. Water-Chilling Packages which weighting factors have been based on the
are capable of capacity reduction shall be rated at 100% and weighted average of the most common
at each step of capacity reduction provided by the building types and operations using average
refrigeration system(s) as published by the manufacturer. weather in 29 U.S. cities, with and without
Part-load ratings points shall be presented in one or more of airside economizers.
the following three ways:

a. IPLV- Based on the conditions defined in Table

3.
b. NPLV- Based on the conditions defined in Table
3.
c. Separate Part-Load Data Point(s) Suitable for
Calculating IPLV or NPLV. In addition, other
part-load points may also be presented.

3
4
Table 1. Standard Rating Conditions

Water-Cooled Evaporatively-Cooled Air-Cooled

Condenser Water

Entering 85.0 ºF 29.4 ºC

Flow Rate 3.0 gpm/ton 0.054 L/s per kW

ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Condenser Fouling Factor Allowance

Water-Side 0.00025 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.000044 m2 · ºC/ W

Air-Side 0.0 ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.0 m2 · ºC/W 0.0 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.0 m2 · ºC/W

Entering Air

Dry-Bulb 95.0 ºF 35.0 ºC

Wet-Bulb 75.0 ºF 23.9 ºC

Evaporator Water

Leaving 44.0 ºF 6.7 ºC 44.0 ºF 6.7 ºC 44.0 ºF 6.7 ºC

Flow Rate 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW

Evaporator Fouling Factor Allowance

Water-Side 0.0001 h · ft2 ºF/Btu 0.000018 m2 · ºC/W 0.0001 h · ft2 ºF/Btu 0.000018 m2 · ºC/W 0.0001 h · ft2 ºF/Btu 0.000018 m2 · ºC/W

Without Condenser

Saturated Discharge 105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC 105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC 125.0 ºF 51.7 ºC

Liquid Refrigerant 98.0 ºF 36.7 ºC 98.0 ºF 36.7 ºC 105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC

Barometric Pressure 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa
 Table 2. Heat Reclaim Standard Rating Conditions

Temperature Water-Cooled Evaporatively-Cooled Air-Cooled

Condenser Water

Entering 75.0 ºF 23.9 ºC

Flow rate same as in standard cooling Flow rate same as in standard Flow rate same as in standard
Flow Rate
ratings cooling ratings cooling ratings

Entering Air

Dry-Bulb 40.0 ºF 4.4 ºC

Wet-Bulb 38.0 ºF 3.3 ºC

Evaporator Water Leaving 44.0 ºF 6.7ºC 44.0 ºF 6.7ºC 44.0 ºF 6.7ºC

Field Fouling Allowance 0.00025 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.0 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.0 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu

Heat Reclaim Condenser

105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC
Entering or or 70.0 ºF 21.1ºC
95.0 ºF 35.0 ºC

120.0 ºF 48.9 ºC
Leaving or or 95.0 ºF 35.0 ºC
105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC

Barometric Pressure 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

5
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Table 3. Part-Load Conditions for Rating

IPLV NPLV
Evaporator (All Types)
2 2 2
100% load LWT 44.0 ºF 6.7 ºC Selected LWT Selected LWT
0% load LWT 44.0 ºF 6.7 ºC Same as 100% load Same as 100% load
3 3 3
Flow Rate (gpm) 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW Selected gpm/ton [L/s per kW]
F.F.A. 0.0001 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.000018 m2 · ºC/ W As Specified As Specified
1
Water-Cooled Condenser
2 2 2
100% load EWT 85.0ºF 29.4 ºC Selected EWT Selected EWT
4 4
75% load EWT 75.0 ºF 23.9 ºC
4 4
50% load EWT 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC
4 4
25% load EWT 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC
0% load EWT 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC
3 3 3
Flow rate (gpm) [L/s] 3.0 gpm/ton 0.054 L/s per kW Selected gpm/ton L/s per kW
F.F.A. 0.00025 h · ft2 · ºF/Btu 0.000044 m2 · ºC/ W As Specified As Specified
1
Air-Cooled Condenser (Use Figure 2)
100% load EDB 95.0 ºF 35.0 ºC
75% load EDB 80.0 ºF 26.7 ºC
50% load EDB 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC No Rating Requirements
25% load EDB 55.0 ºF 12.8 ºC
0% load EDB 55.0 ºF 12.8 ºC
F.F.A. 0.0 h⋅ft2⋅ºF/Btu 0.0 m2⋅ºC/W
1
Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser
100% load EWB 75.0 ºF 23.9 ºC
No Rating Requirements
0% load EWB 50.0 ºF 10.0 ºC
F.F.A. 0.0 h⋅ft2⋅ºF/Btu 0.0 m2⋅ºC/W
Air-Cooled Without Condenser
100% load SDT 125.0 ºF 51.7 ºC No Rating Requirements
0% load SDT 55.0 ºF 12.8 ºC
Water and Evaporatively-Cooled
Without Condenser
No Rating Requirements
100% load SDT 105.0 ºF 40.6 ºC
0% load SDT 65.0 ºF 18.3 ºC
1
If the unit Manufacturer’s recommended minimum temperatures are greater than those specified in Table 3, then those may
be used in lieu of the specified temperatures.
2
Corrected for Fouling Factor Allowance by using the calculation method described in C6.3
3
The flow rates are to be held constant at full load values for all part-load conditions.
4
For part-load entering condenser water temperatures, the temperature should vary linearly from the selected EWT at 100%
load to 65.0 ºF at 50% loads, and fixed at 65.0°F for 50% to 0% loads.

SDT - saturated discharge temperature

LWT - leaving water (liquid) temperature
EWT - entering water (liquid) temperature
EDB - entering air dry-bulb temperature
EWB - entering air wet-bulb temperature
F.F.A. - Fouling Factor Allowance

6
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

5.4.1.2 The IPLV or NPLV rating requires where CD is a degradation factor to

that the unit efficiency be determined at account for cycling of the compressor for
100%, 75%, 50% and 25% at the conditions capacities less than the minimum step of
as specified in Table 3. If the unit, due to its capacity. CD should be calculated using
capacity control logic can not be operated at the following equation:
75%, 50%, or 25% capacity then the unit
shall be operated at other load points and the C D = (-0.13 ⋅ LF) + 1.13
75%, 50%, or 25% capacity efficiencies shall
be determined by plotting the efficiency where LF is the load factor calculated
versus the % load using straight line using the following equation:
segments to connect the actual performance
points (Figure 1). The 75%, 50%, or 25%
% FL
load efficiencies shall then be determined ⋅ (Full load unit capacity)
from the curve. Extrapolation of data shall LF = 100
not be used. An actual chiller capacity point (Part − load unit capacity)
equal to or less than the required rating point
must be used to plot the data. For example,
if the minimum actual capacity is 33% then where % FL is the % of full load at
the curve can be used to determine the 50% standard rating points, i.e. 75%, 50%, and
capacity point, but not the 25% capacity 25%.
point.
Part-Load unit capacity is the measured or
calculated unit capacity from which
Standard Rating points are determined
using the method above.

5.4.1.3 Sample Calculation. The

following is an example of an IPLV
calculation:

Part-Load Values Provided

Step Capacity Input EER
(tons) (kW)
3 (full) 100.0 92.3 13.00
2 72.1 57.4 15.07
If a unit cannot be unloaded to the 25%, 1* 41.3 31.3 15.83
50%, or 75% capacity point, then the unit
shall be run at the minimum step of 1** 41.8 33.3 15.06
unloading at the condenser entering water or * Minimum possible unit capacity at load conditions.
air temperature based on Table 3 for 25%, ** Performance at minimum step at 25% load conditions
50% or 75% capacity points as required. The
efficiency shall then be determined by using Using the above data the part-load EER value
the following equation: can be calculated.

Measured Cooling Capacity

EER = 2 Part-Load Values Provided
C D ⋅ Measured Total Power Input

Point Load% Capacity EER

(tons)
A 100% 100 13.00
B 75% 75 14.85
C 50% 50 15.62

7
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Because the unit cannot unload to 25% 5.5.1.2 Evaporator water-side and
capacity, the following additional condenser water-side or air-side heat
calculations are required to determine point transfer surfaces shall be considered clean
“D”, using the minimum capacity data point during testing. Tests will be assumed to
listed above that was determined at the reflect Fouling Factors of 0.0 h⋅ft2 °F/Btu
minimum step of capacity at the conditions [0.0 m2°C/W].
of a 25% capacity.
5.5.1.3 To determine the capacity of the
(0.25) x (100) Water-Chilling Package at the rated
LF = = 0.60 fouling conditions, the procedure defined
41.8
in C6.3 shall be used to determine an
adjustment for the evaporator and or
CD = (-0.13 x 0.60) + 1.13 = 1.05
condenser water temperatures.
41.8 x 12000 Btu 5.6 Tolerances.
EER = = 14.35
1.05 x 33.3 x 1000 (W ⋅ h )
5.6.1 Allowable Tolerances. The allowable test
Using the A, B, C and D efficiencies the tolerance on capacity, tons [kW], EER, COP, Power
IPLV can then be calculated as follows: Input per Capacity kW/ton [kW/kW] and heat
balance shall be determined from the following
IPLV (EER) = (0.01 x 13.00) + (0.42 x equation:
14.85) + ( 0.45 x 15.62)
+ (0.12 x 14.35) Tolerance %
=15.12 Btu/(W⋅h)
E
= 10.5 - (0.07 x % FL) + ( )
5.5 Fouling Factor Allowances. When ratings are DTFL x % FL
published, they shall include those with Fouling Factors as
specified in Table 1. Additional ratings, or means of DTFL = Difference between entering and
determining those ratings, at other Fouling Factor Allowances leaving chilled water temperature at
may also be published. full load, °F [°C]

5.5.1 Method of Establishing Clean and Fouled E = 1500 for IP, [833.3] for SI units
Ratings from Laboratory Test Data.
See Figure 3 for graphical representation only.
5.5.1.1 A series of tests shall be run in
accordance with the method outlined in
Appendix C to establish the unit’s
performance.

8
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

9
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

5.6.2 Full Load. To comply with this standard,

published or reported Net Refrigeration Capacity Rated full load performance
shall be based on data obtained in accordance with
the provisions of this section, and shall have a Net Rated capacity = 100 tons
Refrigeration Capacity and full load efficiency of not Rated power = 70 kW
less than 100 % of its ratings within the allowable Cooling DTFL = 10ºF
tolerance. The allowable tolerance shall be
determined by the equation specified in 5.6.1. kW
Total Power Input per Capacity = 0.70
ton
Water pressure drop in the evaporator and Condenser
shall not exceed 115 % of the rated pressure drop at Allowable Test Tolerance:
the specified water flow rate.
(1500)
Full Load Example in EER (in IP Units only for Tolerance = 10.5 - (.07 x 100) +
clarity): (10 x 100)

Rated Full Load Performance = 10.5 – 0 7 + 1.5 = 5%

Rated Capacity = 100 tons (100 − 5)

Rated Power = 92.3 kW Min. allowable capacity = x 100
100
Evaporator DTFL = 10°F
= 95 tons
100 tons x 12000 Btu/ton ⋅ h Btu
EER = = 13.0
92.3 kW x 1000W/kW (W ⋅ h) (100 + 5)
Max. allowable kW / ton = x .70
Allowable Test Tolerance =
100
= .735 kW/ton
1500
10.5 - (0.07 x 100%) +
10 x 100% Max. power at min. capacity

= 10.5 - 7 + 1.5 = 5% = .735 x 95 = 69.825 kW

Min. Allowable Capacity = 5.6.3 Part-Load. The tolerance on part-load EER

shall be the tolerance as determined from 5.6.1.
(100 tons − 5 tons ) x 100 = 95 tons
100 Part-Load Example in EER (in IP Units only for
clarity):
Min. Allowable EER =
Rated Part-Load Performance
(100 - 5) x 13.0
Btu
= 12.35
Btu Power at 69.5% Rated Capacity = 59.6 kW
100 (W ⋅ h) (W ⋅ h) 69.5% Rated Capacity = 69.5 tons
Cooling DTFL = 10.0°F
Max. power at min. capacity =
69.5 x 12000 Btu
EER = = 14.0
95 tons x 12000 Btu/ton ⋅ h 59.6 x 1000 (W ⋅ h)
= 92.3 kW
Btu
12.35 x 1000
(W ⋅ h)
Allowable Test Tolerance =

1500
10.5 − (0.07 ⋅ 69.5%) +
10 x 69.5%
Full Load Example in kW/ton (in IP Units only for
clarity): = 10.5 - 4.87 + 2.16 = 7.8%

10
 ARI STANDARD 550/590 2003

Min. Allowable EER =

Max. allowable Total Power Input per Ton
(100 - 7.8)
x 14.0 = 12.91 EER
100 (100 + 10%)
= x .70
100
Part-Load Example in kW/ton (in IP Units only for = 0.77 kW/ton
clarity):
5.6.4 IPLV and NPLV Tolerances. The allowable
Rated Part-Load Performance tolerance on IPLV and NPLV shall be determined by
the following equation:
50% capacity = 50 tons 35
50% power = 35 kW Allowable Percent Tolerance = 6.5 +
Total Power Input per Ton = 0.70 kW/ton DTFL
Full Load DTFL = 10ºF
See Figure 4
Allowable Test Performance
The single number IPLV or NPLV, calculated for the
(1500) part-load conditions, shall not be less than the rated
Tolerance = 10.5 - (.07 x 50) + IPLV or NPLV, less the allowable tolerance.
10 x 50
= 10.5 - 3.5 + 3 = 10%

11
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Section 6. Minimum Data Requirements for 6.2.2 Water-Cooled Condenser Packages.

Published Ratings
6.2.2.1 Condenser water pressure drop
6.1 Minimum Data Requirements for Published Ratings. (inlet to outlet), psi or ft H2O [kPa].
As a minimum, Published Ratings shall include all Standard
Ratings. All claims to ratings within the scope of this 6.2.2.2 Any two of the following:
standard shall include the statement "Rated in accordance
with ARI Standard 550/590." All claims to ratings outside Entering condenser water temperature, ºF
the scope of the standard shall include the statement [ºC]
"Outside the scope of ARI Standard 550/590." Wherever Leaving condenser water temperature, ºF
Application Ratings are published or printed, they shall [ºC]
include a statement of the conditions at which the ratings Water temperature rise through the
apply. condenser, ºF [ºC]

6.2 Published Ratings. Published Ratings shall state all of 6.2.2.3 Condenser water flow rate, gpm
the standard operating conditions and shall include the [L/s].
following.
6.2.2.4 Condenser Fouling Factor,
6.2.1 General. h · ft2 · ºF/Btu [m2 · ºC/ W], as stated in
Table 1.
6.2.1.1 Refrigerant designation in
accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 6.2.3 Air-Cooled Condenser Packages.
34.
6.2.3.1 Entering air dry-bulb temperature,
6.2.1.2 Model number designations ºF [ºC] (as stated in Table 1).
providing identification of the Water-
Chilling Packages to which the ratings shall 6.2.3.2 Power input to fan(s), kW [kW].
apply.
6.2.4 Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser Packages.
6.2.1.3 Net Refrigeration Capacity, tons
[kW]. 6.2.4.1 Entering air wet-bulb temperature,
ºF [ºC] (as stated in Table 1).
6.2.1.4 Total Power Input to chiller, bhp or
kW, as applicable. 6.2.4.2 Power input to fan(s) and pump(s),
kW [kW].
6.2.1.5 Energy Efficiency, expressed as
EER, COP or kW/ton. 6.2.4.3 Condenser spray pump power
consumption, kW [kW].
6.2.1.6 Evaporator Fouling Factor,
h · ft2 · ºF/Btu [m2 · ºC/ W], as stated in 6.2.4.4 Statement of Condenser Fouling
Table 1. Factor Allowance on heat exchanger,
h · ft2 · ºF/Btu [m2 · ºC/ W].
6.2.1.7 Chilled water entering and leaving
temperatures, ºF [ºC] (as stated in Table 1), 6.2.5 Packages without Condenser (for use with
or leaving water temperature and Remote Condensers).
temperature difference, ºF [ºC].
6.2.5.1 Compressor saturated discharge
6.2.1.8 Evaporator water pressure drop temperature, ºF [ºC] (as stated in Table 1).
(inlet to outlet), psi or ft H2O [kPa].
6.2.5.2 Liquid refrigerant temperature
6.2.1.9 Chilled water flow rate, gpm [L/s]. entering chiller package, ºF [ºC] (as stated
in Table 1).
6.2.1.10 Nominal voltage, V, and
frequency, Hz, for which ratings are valid. 6.2.5.3 Condenser heat rejection capacity
requirements, Btu/h [kW].

12
 ARI STANDARD 550/590 2003

6.2.6 Heat Reclaim Condenser(s). b. Model number designation providing complete

identification
6.2.6.1 Heat Reclaim Capacity, MBtu/h c. Refrigerant designation (in accordance with
[kW]. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34
d. Voltage, phase and frequency
6.2.6.2 Water pressure drop, psi or ft H2O
[kPa] or air pressure drop, in H2O [kPa]. Nameplate voltages for 60 Hertz systems shall include one
or more of the equipment nameplate voltage ratings shown
6.2.6.3 Entering and leaving heat reclaim in Table 1 of ARI Standard 110. Nameplate voltages for 50
Condenser air or water temperatures, ºF [ºC] Hertz systems shall include one or more of the utilization
(stated in Table 2). voltages shown in Table 1 of IEC Standard Publication
60038.
6.2.6.4 Heat reclaim Condenser air flow
rate, cfm [m3/s] or heat reclaim Condenser Section 8. Conformance Conditions
water flow rate, gpm [L/s].
8.1 Conformance. While conformance with this standard
6.2.6.5 Fouling Factor, h · ft2 · ºF/Btu [m2 is voluntary, Conformance shall not be claimed or implied
· ºC/ W], as stated in Table 1 (for water heat for products or equipment within the standard’s Purpose
reclaim Condensers only). (Section 1) and Scope (Section 2) unless such product
claims meet all of the requirements of the standard and all of
the testing and rating requirements are measured and
Section 7. Marking and Nameplate Data reported in complete compliance with the standard. Any
product that has not met all the requirements of the standard
7.1 Marking and Nameplate Data. As a minimum, the cannot reference, state, or acknowledge the standard in any
nameplate shall display the following: written, oral, or electronic communication.

a. Manufacturer's name and location

13
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

APPENDIX A. REFERENCES - NORMATIVE

A.1 Listed here are all standards, handbooks and other A1.4 ARI Standard 110-2002, Air-Conditioning
publications essential to the formation and implementation and Refrigerating Equipment Nameplate Voltages,
of the standards. All references in this appendix are 2002, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute,
considered as part of the standard. 4100 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 200, Arlington, VA
22203, U.S.A.
A1.1 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 30-1995, Method
of Testing Liquid Chilling Packages, 1995, A1.5 ASHRAE Terminology of Heating
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air- Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration,
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. ASHRAE, 25 West Second Edition, 1991, American Society of Heating,
43rd Street, 4th Fl., New York, NY, 10036, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
U.S.A./1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia, ASHRAE, 1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta,
30329, U.S.A. Georgia, 30329, U.S.A.

A1.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2001 with A1.6 ASME Standard PTC 19.2-1987,
Addenda, Number Designation and Safety Instruments and Apparatus, Part 2, Pressure
Classification of Refrigerants, 2001, American Measurement, 1987, American Society of
Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air- Mechanical Engineers. ASME, 345 East 47th Street,
Conditioning Engineers, Inc., ASHRAE, 25 West New York, NY 10017, U.S.A.
43rd Street, 4th Fl., New York, NY, 10036,
U.S.A./1791 Tullie Circle, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia, A1.7 IEC Standard Publication 60038, IEC
30329, U.S.A. Standard Voltages, 1983, International
Electrotechnical Commission, rue de Varembe, P.O.
A1.3 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41.1-86 (RA Box 131, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.
2001), Measurements Guide - Section on
Temperature Measurements, 2001, American Society A1.8 ISA Standard RP31.1, Recommended
of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Practice Specification, Installation, and Calibration
Engineers, Inc. ASHRAE, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th of Turbine Flowmeters, 1977, Instrument Society of
Fl., New York, NY, 10036, U.S.A./1791 Tullie America, ISA, 67 Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277,
Circle, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia, 30329, U.S.A. Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, U.S.A.

APPENDIX B. REFERENCES - INFORMATIVE

None.

14
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

APPENDIX C. METHOD OF TESTING WATER-CHILLING

PACKAGES USING THE VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE -
NORMATIVE
C1. Purpose. The purpose of this appendix is to prescribe C5.1.6 for Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim
a method of testing for Water-Chilling Packages using the Condensers and C5.1.7 for Air-Cooled Heat
vapor compression cycle and to verify capacity and power Reclaim Condensers.
requirements at a specific set of conditions.
C3.1.5.1 For Water-Cooled
Testing shall occur where instrumentation and load stability Heat Reclaim Condensers, the heat
is provided. reclaim capacity shall be
determined by obtaining the
Testing shall not be conducted in field installations where following data:
steady state conditions are difficult to achieve and
provisions for measurement are not made. a. Fluid flow rate, gpm [L/s]
b. Temperature difference
C2. Definitions. Definitions for this appendix are between entering and leaving
identical with those in Section 3 of this standard. water °F, [°C]

C3. Test Methods. The heat rejected through the heat

reclaim Condenser is equal to the
C3.1 Test Method. product of the heat reclaim
Condenser water flow rate, the
C3.1.1 The test will measure net cooling water temperature difference, and
capacity (tons of refrigeration) and energy the specific heat of water as
requirements, at a specific set of conditions. defined by equation C7.

C3.1.2 To confirm that steady-state C3.1.5.2 For Air-Cooled Heat

conditions have been established at the Reclaim Condensers, the heat
specific set of conditions and within the reclaim capacity shall be
tolerances set forth in C6.2.1, three sets of determined by obtaining the
data shall be taken, at a minimum of five- following data:
minute intervals. To minimize the effects of
transient conditions, test readings should be a. Heat Reclaim Condenser air
taken as simultaneously as possible. flow rate, standard cfm [m3/s]
(for air)
C3.1.3 The test shall include a b. Heat reclaim Condenser air
measurement of the net heat removed from temperature difference
the water as it passes through the evaporator between entering and leaving
by determination of the following: air

a. Water flow rate, gpm [L/s] The heat rejected through the Air-
b. Temperature difference Cooled Heat Reclaim Condenser
between entering and leaving is equal to the product of the heat
water °F, [°C] reclaim Condenser airflow rate,
the air temperature difference, and
C3.1.4 The heat removed from the chilled the specific heat of moist air as
water is equal to the product of the chilled defined by equation C8.
water flow rate, the water temperature
difference, and the specific heat of the water C3.1.5.3 The test shall include
defined by equation C6. the determination of the
compressor power requirement.
C3.1.5 If supplied with the Water-Chilling This power shall be determined by
Package, the test shall include simultaneous measurement of electrical input to
determination of the heat reclaim Condenser the motor drive (see C7.1.4). For
capacity by obtaining the data as defined in motors supplied by others, the

15
ARI STANDARD 550/590- 2003

determination of compressor shaft C3.2.1 Tests conducted in accordance

horsepower input shall be outlined with this standard may require cleaning (in
in the test procedure. For Air- accordance with manufacturer's
Cooled or Evaporatively-Cooled instructions) of the heat transfer surfaces.
Condensers, the test shall include The as tested Fouling Factors shall then be
the determination of the assumed to be 0.0 h ⋅ ft2 ⋅ °F/Btu [0.0 m2 ⋅
Condenser fan and Condenser °C/W].
spray pump power requirements.
C4 Instrumentation.
C3.1.5.4 Non-Electric Drive.
Where turbine or engine drive is C4.1 Accuracy of instruments selected shall be in
employed, compressor shaft accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 30.
horsepower input shall be
determined from steam, gas, or oil C4.2 Temperature measurements shall be made in
consumption, at measured supply accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41.1.
and exhaust conditions and prime
mover manufacturer's certified C4.3 Flowmeters shall be constructed and
performance data. installed in accordance with the applicable portion of
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 30. Turbine flow meters
C3.1.6 Test Verification. may be also used in accordance with ISA Standard
RP31.1.
C3.1.6.1 For the case of Water-
Cooled Condensers, in addition to C4.4 Scales for analog meters shall be such that
the determination of net heat readings will be at least one-third of full scale
removed and energy input deflection. All instruments, including gauges and
required, data shall be taken to thermometers shall be calibrated over the range of
prepare a heat balance (C6.4.1) to test readings.
substantiate the validity of the test.
C4.5 Pressure measurements shall be made in
C3.1.6.2 For Air-Cooled and accordance with ASME Power Test Code PTC 19.2.
Evaporatively- Cooled
Condensers, it is impractical to C5 Measurements.
measure heat rejection in a test;
therefore, a heat balance cannot be C5.1 Data to be Recorded During the Test.
calculated. To verify test
accuracy, concurrent redundant C5.1.1 Test Data. Compressor/
instrumentation method (C6.4.2) Evaporator (All Condenser Types):
shall be used to measure water
temperatures, flow rates, and a. Temperature of water entering
power inputs. evaporator, °F [°C]
b. Temperature of water leaving
C3.1.6.3 For heat reclaim units evaporator, °F [°C]
with Air-Cooled Condensers or c. Chilled water flow rates, gpm
Water-Cooled Condensers, where [L/s]
the capacity is not sufficient to d. Power input to compressor
fully condense the refrigerant, the electrical power, kW [kW]
concurrent redundant
instrumentation methods (C6.4.2) Steam consumption of
shall be used. turbine, lb/h [kg/h]
C3.1.6.4 For heat reclaim units Steam supply pressure, psig
with Water-Cooled Condensers [kPa]
that fully condense the refrigerant,
the heat balance methods (C6.4.1) Steam supply temperature, ºF
shall be used. [ºC]
Steam exhaust pressure, psig
C3.2 Condition of Heat Transfer Surfaces. or in Hg vac [kPa], or

16
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Gas consumption of turbine C5.1.5 Without Condenser.

or engine, therms or ft3/h,
[m3/s] and calorific value, a. Discharge temperature
Btu/ft3, [J/L], or leaving compressor, °F [°C]
b. Discharge pressure leaving
Fuel consumption of diesel or compressor, psig [kPa]
gasoline, gal/h [L/s] and c. Liquid refrigerant temperature
calorific value, Btu/gal [J/L] entering the expansion device,
°F [°C]
e. Evaporator water pressure d. Liquid pressure entering the
drop (inlet to outlet), psi or ft expansion device, psig [kPa]
H2O [kPa]
f. Electrical power input to C5.1.6 Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim
controls and auxiliary Condenser.
equipment, kW [kW] (if not
included in d) a. Temperature of heat reclaim
entering Condenser water, °F
C5.1.2 Water-Cooled Condenser). [°C]
b. Temperature of heat reclaim
a. Temperature of water entering leaving Condenser water, °F
the Condenser, °F [°C] [°C]
b. Temperature of water leaving c. Heat reclaim Condenser water
the Condenser, °F [°C] flow rate, gpm [L/s]
c. Condenser water flow rate, d. Heat reclaim Condenser water
gpm [L/s] pressure drop (inlet to outlet),
d. Condenser water pressure psi or ft H2O [kPa]
drop (inlet to outlet), psi or ft
H2O [kPa] C5.1.7 Air-Cooled Heat Reclaim
Condenser.
C5.1.3 Air-Cooled Condenser.
a. Dry-bulb temperature of air
a. Dry-bulb temperature of air entering the heat reclaim
entering the Condenser, °F Condenser, °F [°C]
[°C] b. Dry-bulb temperature of air
b. Condenser fan motor power leaving the heat reclaim
consumption, kW [kW] Condenser, °F [°C]
c. Barometric pressure, in Hg c. Heat reclaim Condenser
[kPa] standard air flow rate, cfm,
[m3/s]
C5.1.4 Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser. d. Barometric pressure, in Hg
[kPa]
a. Wet-bulb temperature of air
entering the Condenser, °F C5.1.8 If chilled water is used to remove
[°C] heat from any other source(s) within the
b. Condenser fan motor power package, the temperature and flow
consumption, kW [kW] measurements of chilled water must be
c. Condenser spray pump power made at points so that the measurement
consumption, kW [kW] reflects the net package cooling capacity.
d. Barometric pressure, in Hg
[kPa] C5.1.9 If Condenser water is used to cool
the compressor motor or for some other
incidental function within the package, the
temperature and flow measurements of
condenser water must be made at points, so
that the measurement reflects the gross
package heat rejection.

17
ARI STANDARD 550/590- 2003

C5.2 Auxiliary Data to be Recorded for General C6.2 Operations and Limits.
Information.
C6.2.1 Start the system and establish the
C5.2.1 Nameplate data including make, testing conditions in accordance with the
model, size and refrigerant, sufficient to following tolerances and instructions.
completely identify the water chiller. Unit
voltage and frequency should be recorded. C6.2.1.1 Evaporator (All
Condenser Types)
C5.2.2 Compressor driver or input rpm for
open-type compressors. a. The chilled water flow rate,
gpm [L/s], shall not deviate
C5.2.3 Ambient temperature at test site, more than + 5% from that
°F [°C]. specified.
b. The individual readings of
C5.2.4 Actual voltage, V, and current, water temperature leaving the
Amps, for each phase of all electric motor evaporator shall not vary from
drives. the specified values by more
than 0.5°F [0.3°C]. Care
C.5.2.5 Motor, engine or turbine nameplate must be taken to insure that
data. these water temperatures are
the average bulk stream
C5.2.6 Pressure, in H2O [kPa], temperatures.
temperature, °F [°C] and exhaust pressure, c. The leaving chilled water
in H2O [kPa] for steam turbine nameplate temperature shall be adjusted
data. by an increment calculated
per C6.3 corresponding to the
C5.2.7 Fuel gas specification for gas specified field fouling
turbine drive, including pressure, in H2O allowance required for test.
[kPa]. d. Part-load tests for Water-
Chilling Packages which have
C5.2.8 Heat balance for C6.4. continuous capacity
modulation must be taken
C5.2.9 Date, place, and time of test. within + 2% of the full load
tons at the specified part load
C5.2.10 Names of test supervisor and capacity.
witnessing personnel. e. For water chillers with
discrete steps of capacity
C6 Test Procedure. control, the part-load tests
shall be taken as close as
C6.1 Preparation for Test. practical to the specified part-
load capacity as per Table 3.
C6.1.1 The Water-Chilling Package,
which has been completely connected in C6.2.1.2 Water-Cooled
accordance with the manufacturer's Condenser.
instructions and is ready for normal
operation, shall be provided with the a. The water flow rate, gpm
necessary instrumentation. [L/s], through the Condenser
shall not deviate more than +
C6.1.2 The test shall not be started until 5% from that specified.
non-condensables have been removed from b. The individual readings of
the system. water temperatures entering
the refrigerant Condenser
C6.1.3 At the manufacturer’s option, shall not vary from the
Condenser and cooler surfaces may be specified values by more than
cleaned as provided in C3.2.1. 0.5°F [0.3°C]. Care must be
taken to insure that these
water temperatures are the

18
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

average bulk stream the turbine, and Condenser

temperatures. pressure or vacuum, shall be
c. The entering condensing maintained at nameplate
water temperature shall be values.
adjusted by an increment c. For gas-turbine or gas-engine
calculated per C6.3 operating machines, gas
corresponding to the specified pressure to turbine or engine,
Fouling Factor Allowance. and exhaust back-pressure at
the turbine or engine shall be
C6.2.1.3 Air-Cooled maintained at nameplate
Condenser, Including Heat values.
Reclaim. d. In all cases, the governor, if
provided, shall be adjusted to
a. The average entering air dry- maintain rated compressor
bulb temperature to the speed.
Condenser shall not vary from
the specified values by more C6.3 Method for Simulating Fouling Factor
than 1.0°F [0.6°C]. Allowance at Full Load and Part-Load Conditions.
b. For heat reclaim Air-Cooled
Condensers the Condenser air C6.3.1 Obtain the log mean temperature
flow rate shall not deviate difference (LMTD) for the evaporator
from that required for test by and/or Condenser using the following
more than + 5%. equation at the specified Fouling Factor
Allowance (ffsp).
C6.2.1.4 Evaporatively-Cooled
Condenser. R
LMTD =
 R C1
a. The entering air wet-bulb ln 1 + 
 S
temperature shall not vary
from the values required for
test by more than 0.5°F R = Water temperature range
[0.3°C]. = absolute value (twl - twe), °F[°C]

C6.2.1.5 Chiller Without S = Small temperature difference

Condenser. = absolute value (ts - twl), °F [°C]

a. The saturated discharge C6.3.2 Derivation of LMTD:

temperature shall not vary
from the values required for (t s − t we ) − (t s − t w1 )
LMTD =
test by more than 0.5°F  t − t we 
[0.3°C]. ln  s 
b. The liquid refrigerant  t s − t w1 
temperature shall not vary
from the specified values by (t w1 − t we )
=
more than 1.0°F [0.6°C].  (t − t ) + (t − t ) 
s w1 w1 we
ln  
C6.2.1.6 Miscellaneous.  t s − t w1 

a. For electrically driven The Incremental LMTD (ILMTD) is

machines, voltage and determined using the following equation:
frequency at the unit
terminals shall be maintained q
at the nameplate values within ILMTD = ff sp ( ) C2
A
tolerances of + 10% on
voltage and + 1% on
frequency.
b. For steam-turbine driven
machines, steam conditions to
19
ARI STANDARD 550/590- 2003

C6.3.3 The water temperature needed to

simulate the additional fouling, TDa, can ffsp = 0.00025
now be calculated: q
ILMTD = ff sp ( )
TDa = Ssp - Sc C3a A
 2,880,000 
= 0.00025
R  550 
TDa = S sp - z C3b
e -1 = 1.31

where: R
TD = Ssp - z
a e -1
R
Z=
LMTD - ILMTD
where:
R
Sc = z
e −1 R
Z=
Ssp = Small temperature difference as LMTD - ILMTD
specified, °F [°C]
Sc = Small temperature difference as 10
tested in cleaned condition, °F[°C] Z= = 1.125
10.2 - 1.31
The water temperature difference, TDa, is 10
TD = 6.0 - 1.125
then added to the Condenser entering water a -1
e
temperature or subtracted from the
= 6.0 - 4.8 = 1.2°F
evaporator leaving water temperature to
simulate the additional Fouling Factor.
The entering Condenser water temperature
for testing is then raised 1.2°F to simulate
C6.3.4 Example-Condenser Fouling
Inside Tubes (in I.P Units for clarity): the Fouling Factor Allowance of 0.00025 h ⋅
ft2 ⋅ °F/Btu. The entering condenser water
Specified Fouling Factor Allowance, temperature will be 85 + 1.2 or 86.2°F.
ffsp =0.00025 h ⋅ ft2 ⋅°F/Btu
Condenser load, q = 2,880,000 Btu/h C6.4 Test Verification:

Specified Condenser leaving water temp, C6.4.1 Heat Balance-Substantiating Test.

Twl = 95°F
C6.4.1.1 Calculation of Heat
Specified Condenser entering water temp, Balance. In most cases, heat
Twe = 85 °F losses or heat gain caused by
radiation, convection, bearing
Inside* tube surface area, Ai = 550 ft2 friction, oil coolers, etc., are
relatively small and may or may
*(Since fouling is inside tubes in this not be considered in the overall
example) heat balance.

Saturated condensing temperature, Omitting the effect of the small

heat losses and gains mentioned
ts = 101 °F
above, the general heat balance
equation is as follows:
Ssp = ts - twl = 101 - 95 = 6 °F
qev + Winput = qcd + qhrc
R = twl - twe = 95 - 85 = 10 °F

R
LMTD =
ln (1 + R/S)
10
= = 10.2
ln (1 + 10/6)
20
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

where: manufacturer's certified power

input/output data shall be used.
Winput = compressor work input
as defined in C6.4.1.2 through In the case of motor drive:
C6.4.1.4
Winput = power measured at
C6.4.1.2 In a hermetic motor terminals plus power to
package, where the motor is auxiliaries as in C.7.1.4.
cooled by refrigerant, chilled
water or condenser water, the C6.4.1.5 Percent Heat Balance.
motor cooling load will be Heat balance, in %, is defined as:
included in the measured
condenser load, hence (qev + Winput ) - (qcd + q hrc )
x 100 C4
q cd + q hrc
Winput = electrical power input
to the compressor motor, Btu/h
[kW] For any test of a liquid cooled
chiller to be acceptable, the heat
C6.4.1.3 In a package using an balance (%) shall be within the
open-type compressor with prime allowable tolerance calculated per
mover and external gear drive: 5.6 for the applicable conditions.

Winput = qprime mover -qgear C6.4.2 Concurrent Redundant

Verification Test for Air-Cooled or
where: Evaporatively- Cooled Condensers.

Winput = Power input to the C6.4.2.1 Capacity Calculation

compressor shaft, Method. Calculate the capacity of
Btu/h [kW] the cooler using one set of
qprime mover = Power delivered by instrumentation. Also calculate
prime mover, Btu/h the capacity of the cooler using the
[kW] redundant set of instrumentation.
qgear = Friction loss in the For a valid test, these two
gear box, Btu/h calculated values must agree
[kW] within the tolerance specified in
Section 5.6. The tested capacity
The value of qprime mover shall be of the machine shall be the
determined from the power input average of these two values.
to prime mover using certified data
from the prime mover C6.4.2.2 Power Calculation
manufacturer. Method. The power measured by
the two sets of instruments must
The value of qgear shall be be within 2% at all loads. The
determined from certified gear tested power of the machine shall
losses provided by the gear be the average of the two
manufacturer. measured powers.

C6.4.1.4 In a package using an C6.4.2.3 Efficiency Calculation

open-type compressor with direct Method. Efficiency shall be
drive and the prime mover not calculated using the measured
furnished by the manufacturer: (averaged) values and must
comply within the tolerances of
Winput = power input to the 5.6.
compressor shaft, Btu/h [kW]
C7 Calculation of Results
For determination of Winput for
turbine or engine operated C7.1 Capacity and Power.
machines, the turbine or engine

21
ARI STANDARD 550/590- 2003

C7.1.1 The capacity, tons, shall be

obtained by the following equation:
qhrc = 4355 cfmhrc ( tl − te )
c⋅mw te − tl ( ) C9
Capacity = C5
12,000 where:

The capacity, Btu/h [kW], shall be obtained 3600

from the following equation: 4355 = 1.021 x
0.844

qev = c⋅mw (te - tl) C6 1.021 = Specific heat of moist air at

21.1°C and 50% rh (kJ/kg°K ⋅
C7.1.2 Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim kg dry air)
Condensers. If used, the Water-Cooled 3600 = sec/hr
Heat Reclaim Condenser capacity Btu/h 0.844 = Specific volume of moist air at
[kW] shall be calculated using the following 21.1°C db and 50% rh (mt3/kg
equation. dry air)

q hrc = c ⋅ m w (t l − t e ) C7 C7.1.4 Power consumption shall be

determined as follows:
C7.1.3 Air-Cooled Heat Reclaim
Condensers If used, the Air-Cooled Heat C7.1.4.1 For motor driven
Reclaim Condenser capacity (Btu/h) shall centrifugal and rotary screw
be calculated using the following equation. compressors where the motor is
supplied by the manufacturer, the
q hrc = 1.08 cfm hrc (t l − t e ) C8 compressor power input shall be
measured as close as practical to
where: the compressor motor terminals.
If a frequency conversion device
or motor starter is furnished as
60
1.08 = 0 .244 x part of the compressor circuit, the
13.5 compressor power input shall be
measured at the input terminals
0.244 = Specific heat of moist air at of the frequency converter or
70°F and 50% rh (Btu/°F ⋅ lb motor starter. For remote starters
dry air) or frequency converters, line
60 = min/hr losses shall be subtracted. If the
13.5 = Specific volume of moist air at Water-Chilling Package being
70°F db and 50% rh (ft3/lb dry tested is not equipped with the
air) starter or frequency converter
furnished for it, then a starter or
The capacity (kW) shall be calculated using frequency converter of similar
the following equation. type shall be used for the test.

C7.1.4.2 Power consumption

of auxiliaries shall be measured
during normal operation of the
package and included in total
power consumption.

C7.1.4.3 For open-type

compressors, where the motor
and/or gear set is not supplied by
the manufacturer, or for engine or
turbine drives, the compressor
shaft input shall be determined as
stated in C6.4.1.3 or C6.4.1.4 .

22
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

C7.1.4.4 For Air-Cooled or S = Small temperature difference

Evaporatively-Cooled = Absolute value (ts-twl,), °F [°C]
Condensers, the additional t = Temperature, °F [°C]
Condenser fan and Condenser ts = Saturated vapor temperature for
spray pump power consumption single component or azeotrope
shall be measured as close as refrigerants and for zeotropic
practical to the motors. refrigerants it is the arithmetic
average of the dew point and
C7.1.4.5 Validity of Test. bubble point temperatures
Calculate the heat balance for corresponding to refrigerant
each of the three test points pressure., °F [°C]
(C3.1.2). All three heat balances
must be within the tolerance Subscripts:
specified in 5.6. Then average
the data taken from the three test a = Additional fouling
points and calculate capacity and c = Clean
power input per C7 using cd = Condenser
averaged data for reporting e = Entering
purpose. ev = Evaporator
f = Fouled or fouling
C8 Symbols and Subscripts. The symbols and subscripts hrc = Heat reclaim
used are as follows: i = Inside
l = Leaving
Symbols: o = Outside
s = Saturation
A = Total heat transfer surface, ft2 [m2] sp = Specified
for evaporator or Condenser w = Water
c = Specific heat of water at average
water temperature, Btu/lb °F [kJ/kg
°K]
cfm = Air flow rate, ft3/min [m3/s]
e = Base of natural logarithm
ff = Fouling Factor Allowance
h · ft2 · ºF/Btu [m2 · ºC/ W]
m = Mass flow rate, lb/h [kg/s]
q = Capacity in Btu/h [kW]
R = Water temperature range, °F [°C]
= Absolute value (twl- twe,), °F [°C]

23
ARI STANDARD 550/590- 2003

APPENDIX D. DERIVATION OF INTEGRATED PART LOAD

VALUE (IPLV) - NORMATIVE
D1 Purpose. This appendix is intended to show the 1
derivation of the Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV). IPLV =
0.01 0.42 0.45 0.12 D1b
+ + +
A B C D
D2 Scope. This appendix is for equipment covered by
this standard. The IPLV equations and procedure are
where:
intended to provide a consistent method for calculating a
single number part-load performance figure of merit for *A = kW/ton at 100% capacity
Water-Chilling Packages. The equation was derived to *B = kW/ton at 75% capacity
provide a representation of the average part-load efficiency *C = kW/ton at 50% capacity
for a single chiller only. However, it is best to use a *D = kW/ton at 25% capacity
comprehensive analysis that reflects the actual weather data,
building load characteristics, operational hours, economizer The IPLV or NPLV rating requires that the unit
capabilities and energy drawn by auxiliaries such as pumps efficiency be determined at 100%, 75%, 50% and
and cooling towers, when calculating the chiller and system 25% at the conditions as specified in Table 3. If the
efficiency. This becomes increasingly important with unit, due to its capacity control logic can not be
multiple chiller systems because individual chillers operated at 75%, 50%, or 25% capacity then the unit
operating within multiple chiller systems are more heavily can be operated at other load points and the 75%,
loaded than single chillers within single chiller systems. 50%, or 25% capacity efficiencies should be
determined by plotting the efficiency versus the %
D3 Equation and Definition of Terms. load using straight line segments to connect the
actual performance points. The 75%, 50%, or 25%
D3.1 The energy efficiency of a chiller is load efficiencies can then be determined from the
commonly expressed in one of the three following curve. Extrapolation of data shall not be used. An
ratios: actual chiller capacity point equal to or less than the
required rating point must be used to plot the data.
a. Coefficient of Performance, COP For example, if the minimum actual capacity is 33%
b. Energy Efficiency Ratio, EER then the curve can be used to determine the 50%
c. Total Power Input per Capacity kW/ton capacity point, but not the 25% capacity point.
[kW/kW]
If a unit cannot be unloaded to the 25%, 50%, or
These three alternative ratios are related as follows: 75% capacity point, then the unit should be run at the
minimum step of unloading at the condenser
COP = .293 EER EER = 3.413 COP entering water or air temperature based on Table 3
kW/ton = 12/EER EER = 12/(kW/ton) for the 25%, 50% or 75% capacity points as required.
kW/ton = 3.516/COP COP = 3.516/(kW/ton) The efficiency shall then be determined by using the
following equation:
The following equation is used when an efficiency is
expressed as EER [Btu/(W⋅h)] or COP [W/W]: Btu/h measured
EER = D2
C D ⋅ W measured
IPLV = 0.01 A + 0.42 B + 0.45 C + 0.12 D D1a

where CD is a degradation factor to account for

where: cycling of the compressor for capacities less than the
minimum step of capacity. CD should be calculated
*A = EER or COP at 100% capacity using the following equation:
*B = EER or COP at 75% capacity
*C = EER or COP at 50% capacity C D = (-0.13 ⋅ LF) + 1.13 D3
*D = EER or COP at 25% capacity
The load factor LF should be calculated using the
The following equation is used when the efficiency is following equation:
expressed in Total Power Input per Capacity,
kW/ton: _________________________
* at operating conditions per Tables 1 and 3

24
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

% Load chiller sales occurred over a 25 year

⋅ (Full load unit capacity) period (1967-1992).
100 D4
LF = c. Building types were a weighted
(Part − Load unit capacity) average of all types (with chiller plants
only) based on a DOE study of
where: buildings in 1992 [DOE/EIA-
0246(92)].
%Load is the standard rating point i.e. 75%, d. Operational hours were a weighted
50% and 25%. average of various operations (with
chiller plants only) taken from the DOE
Part-Load unit capacity is the measured or study of 1992 and a BOMA study
calculated unit capacity from which standard (1995 BEE Report).
rating points are determined using the method e. A weighted average of buildings (with
above. chiller plants only) with and without
some form of economizer, based upon
D3.2 Equation Constants. The constants 0.01, data from the DOE and BOMA reports,
0.42, 0.45 and 0.12 are based on the weighted was included.
average of the most common building types, and f. The bulk of the load profile used in the
operating hours, using average USA weather data. last derivation of the equation was
To reduce the number of data points, the ASHRAE again used, which assumed that 38% of
based bin data was reduced to a design bin and three the buildings’ load was average
bin groupings as illustrated in Figure D1. internal load (average of occupied vs.
unoccupied internal load). It varies
D3.3 Equation Derivation. The ASHRAE linearly with outdoor ambient and
Temperature Bin Method was used to create four mean Condenser wet-bulb (MCWB)
separate NPLV/IPLV formulas to represent the down to 50°F DB, then flattens out
following building operation categories: below that to a minimum of 20% load.
g. Point A was predetermined to be the
Group 1 - 24 hrs/day, 7 days/wk, 0°F and design point of 100% load and 85°F
above ECWT/95°F EDB for IPLV/NPLV.
Group 2 - 24 hrs/day, 7 days/wk, 55°F and Other points were determined by
above distributional analysis of ton-hours,
Group 3 - 12 hrs/day, 5 days/wk, 0°F and MCWB’s and EDBs. ECWTs were
above based upon actual MCWBs plus an 8°F
Group 4 - 12 hrs/day, 5 days/wk, 55°F and tower approach.
above
The individual equations that represent
each operational type were then
averaged in accordance with
weightings obtained from the DOE and
BOMA studies.

The load line was combined with the

weather data hours (Figure D2) to
create ton-hours (Figure D3) for the
temperature bin distributions. See
graphs below:

Figure D1. Ton-Hour Distribution Categories

The following assumptions were used:

a. Modified ASHRAE Temperature Bin

Method for energy calculations was
used.
b. Weather data was a weighted average
of 29 cities across the U.S.A,
specifically targeted because they
represented areas where 80% of all
25
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

See Table D1 for Air Cooled and Table

D2 for water cooled calculations. The
result is average weightings, ECWT’s
(or EDB’s), and % Loads.

The next step would be to begin again

with Group 2 Ton Hour distribution as
below. Note Group 2 is Group 1, but
with 100% Economizer at 55°F.

Figure D2. Bin Groupings Figure D4. Group 2 Ton-Hour Distribution

Categories
A more detailed derivation of the
Group 1 equation is presented here to After creating similar tables as in
illustrate the method. Groups 2, 3, and Tables D1 and D2 for Groups 2, 3, and
4 are done similarly, but not shown 4, the resulting Group IPLV/NPLV
here. In the chart below, note that the equations are in Table D3.
categories are distributed as follows:
The next step is to determine the % of
each group which exists in buildings
with central chiller plants, so that one
final equation can be created from the
four. From the DOE and BOMA
studies, using goal seeking analysis, it
was determined that:

Group 1 - 24.0%
Group 2 - 12.2%
Group 3 - 32.3%
Group 4 - 31.5%

This calculates to the following new

equation:
IPLV equation (kW/ton):
Figure D3. Group 1 Ton-Hour Distribution
Categories 1
IPLV =
0.014 0.416 0.446 0.124 D5
Point A = 1 bin for Design Bin + + +
Point B = 4 bins for Peak Bin A B C D
Point C = 4 bins for Low Bin
Point D = all bins below 55°F for A = kW/ton @ 100% Load and
Min Bin 85°F ECWT or 95°F EDB
B = kW/ton @ 76.1% Load and
75.6°F ECWT or 82.1°F EDB
26
 ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

C = kW/ton @ 50.9% Load and

65.6°F ECWT or 65.8°F EDB
D = kW/ ton @ 32.2% Load and
47.5°F ECWT or 39.5°F EDB

Rounding off and rationalizing:

1
IPLV =
0.01 0.42 0.45 0.12
+ + +
A B C D

A = kW/ton @ 100% Load and

85°F ECWT or 95°F EDB
B = kW/ton @ 75% Load and
75°F ECWT or 80°F EDB
C = kW/ton @ 50% Load and
65°F ECWT or 65°F EDB
D = kW/ton @ 25% Load and
65°F ECWT or 55°F EDB

After rounding off and applying the

rationale of where the manufacturers’
and the current test facilities
capabilities lie, the final equation D1b
is shown in Section D3.1.

27
28
C/S Chiller

Min Bin Low Bin Peak Bin Des Bin

Outside Average OA Total Total Cooling Load

DBH DBH Ton-Hrs DBH Ton-Hrs DBH Ton-Hrs DBH Ton-Hrs
Temp (ºF) DB (ºF) DB Hours Ton-Hrs %

95-99 97.5 97.5 37 3608 37 100% 0 0 0 0 0 0 3608 37

90-94 92.5 92.5 120 11100 111 92% 0 0 0 0 11100 111 0 0
85-89 87.5 87.5 303 26513 256 85% 0 0 0 0 26513 256 0 0
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

80-84 82.5 82.5 517 42653 397 77% 0 0 0 0 42653 397 0 0

75-79 77.5 77.5 780 60450 539 69% 0 0 0 0 60450 539 0 0
70-74 72.5 72.5 929 67353 570 61% 0 0 67353 570 0 0 0 0
65-69 67.5 67.5 894 60345 479 54% 0 0 60345 479 0 0 0 0
60-64 62.5 62.5 856 53500 393 46% 0 0 53500 393 0 0 0 0
55-59 57.5 57.5 777 44678 296 38% 0 0 44678 296 0 0 0 0
50-54 52.5 52.5 678 35595 247 36% 35595 247 0 0 0 0 0 0
45-49 47.5 47.5 586 27835 204 35% 27835 204 0 0 0 0 0 0
40-44 42.5 42.5 550 23375 183 33% 23375 183 0 0 0 0 0 0
35-39 37.5 37.5 518 19425 163 32% 19425 163 0 0 0 0 0 0
30-34 32.5 32.5 467 15178 140 30% 15178 140 0 0 0 0 0 0
25-29 27.5 27.5 299 8223 84 28% 8223 84 0 0 0 0 0 0
20-24 22.5 22.5 183 4118 49 27% 4118 49 0 0 0 0 0 0
15-19 17.5 17.5 111 1943 28 25% 1943 28 0 0 0 0 0 0
10-14 12.5 12.5 68 850 16 23% 850 16 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table D1. Group 1 Air-Cooled IPLV Data and Calculation

05-09 7.5 7.5 40 300 9 22% 300 9 0 0 0 0 0 0
00-04 2.5 2.5 47 118 9 20% 118 9 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 57.9 57.9 8670 507155 4210 DBH Total 136958 1132 225628 1738 140715 1303 3608 37

Weighting: 26.9% 41.3% 30.9% 0.9%

EDB ºF: 38.6 65.4 81.8 95.0
Load: 31.9% 50.3% 75.7% 100%
D C B A
 C/S Chiller
Min Bin Low Bin Peak Bin Des Bin
MC
Outside Average Total Total Cooling Load
WB CWH CWH CWH Ton-Hrs CWH Ton-Hrs CWH Ton-Hrs CWH Ton-Hrs
Temp (ºF) DB (ºF) Hours Ton-Hrs %
(sy)
95-99 97.5 72 80 37 2960 37 100% 0 0 0 0 0 0 2960 37
90-94 92.5 71 79 120 9480 111 92% 0 0 0 0 9480 111 0 0
85-89 87.5 69 77 303 23331 256 85% 00 0 0 0 23331 256 0 0
80-84 82.5 68 76 517 39292 397 77% 00 0 0 0 39292 397 0 0
75-79 77.5 66 74 780 57720 539 69% 0 0 0 0 57720 539 0 0
70-74 72.5 63 71 929 65959 570 61% 0 0 65959 570 0 0 0 0
65-69 67.5 59 67 894 59898 479 54% 0 0 59898 479 0 0 0 0
60-64 62.5 55 63 856 53928 393 46% 0 0 53928 393 0 0 0 0
55-59 57.5 50 59 777 45843 296 38% 0 0 45843 296 0 0 0 0
50-54 52.5 45 55 678 37290 247 36% 37290 247 0 0 0 0 0 0
45-49 47.5 41 52 586 30472 204 35% 30472 204 0 0 0 0 0 0
40-44 42.5 37 49 550 26950 183 33% 26950 183 0 0 0 0 0 0
35-39 37.5 32 45 518 23310 163 32% 23310 163 0 0 0 0 0 0
30-34 32.5 27 41 467 19147 140 30% 19147 140 0 0 0 0 0 0
25-29 27.5 22 40 299 11960 84 28% 11960 84 0 0 0 0 0 0
20-24 22.5 17 40 183 7320 49 27% 7320 49 0 0 0 0 0 0
15-19 17.5 13 40 111 4440 28 25% 4440 28 0 0 0 0 0 0
10-14 12.5 8 40 68 2720 16 23% 2720 16 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table D2. Group 1 Water-Cooled IPLV Data and Calculation

05-09 7.5 4 40 40 1600 9 22% 1600 9 0 0 0 0 0 0
00-04 2.5 1 40 47 1880 9 20% 1880 9 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 57.9 49.3 60.0 8670 525500 4210 CWH Total 167089 1132 225628 1738 129823 1303 2960 37
Weighting 26.9% 41.3% 30.9% 0.9%
ECWT ºF 47.1 65.3 81.8 85.0
Load 31.9% 50.3% 75.7% 100%
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

29
D C B A
ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003

Group 1 % Load ECWT EDB Weight Group 2 % Load ECWT EDB Weight

A 100.0% 85.0 ºF 95.0 ºF 0.95% A 100.0% 85.0 ºF 95.0 ºF 1.2%

B 75.7% 75.5 ºF 81.8 ºF 30.9% B 75.7% 75.5 ºF 81.8 ºF 42.3%

C 50.3% 65.3 ºF 65.4 ºF 41.3% C 50.3% 65.3 ºF 65.4 ºF 56.5%

D 31.9% 47.1 ºF 38.6 ºF 26.9% D N/A N/A N/A 0.0%

IPLV = 1 IPLV = 1
.009/A + .309/B + .413/C + .269/D .012/A + .423/B + .565/C + 0.0/D

Group 3 % Load ECWT EDB Weight Group 4 % Load ECWT EDB Weight

A 100.0% 85.0 ºF 95.0 ºF 1.5% A 100.0% 85.0 ºF 95.0 ºF 1.8%

B 75.7% 75.6 ºF 82.2 ºF 40.9% B 76.4% 75.6 ºF 82.2 ºF 50.1%

C 50.3% 65.8 ºF 66.0 ºF 39.2% C 51.3% 65.8 ºF 66.0 ºF 48.1%

D 31.9% 47.7 ºF 40.0 ºF 18.4% D N/A N/A N/A 0.0%

IPLV = 1 IPLV = 1
.015/A + .409/B + .392/C + .184/D .018/A + .501/B + .481/C + 0.0/D

Table D3. Group 1 - 4 IPLV Summary

30