Proceedings of the Third International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC 2019)

IEEE Xplore Part Number:CFP19OSV-ART; ISBN:978-1-7281-4365-1

IoT Based Intelligent System For Vehicle Accident

Prevention And Detection At Real Time
Vivek Kinage Piyush Patil
MIT ADT University Pune University
Information Technology Computer Science
Pune, Maharashtra, India Pune, Maharashtra, India
vivek.kinage25@gmail.com piyushpatil666@gmail.com

Abstract— With an increasing number of vehicles, the number passengers and in traffic accidents using V2I and V2V
of accidents is also increasing at an unprecedented rate. Each communication. This system have OBU’s to estimate the
year, among the total number of deaths 1.24 million deaths severity of vehicle accident and provide prevention
occurred due to the vehicle accident. In India, the root causes according to situation. The system is feasible and efficient.
of these accidents are due to the drunken driver, drowsiness, [4] Author proposed system which uses microcontroller to
and badly designed speed breakers. There is no effective perform activities like sending SMS alert and performing
mechanism to prevent these root causes. Our proposed system computational tasks proposed system uses vibration sensor
provides an efficient, cost-effective and real-time solution to to alert a user. This proposed system does not provide real
prevent vehicle accident. When reading goes beyond
time communication between vehicle and sensors. [5]
predefined threshold values, an alert gets generated and if a
driver does not take some action in specified time then our
Author proposed a system which focuses on HRV AND
proposed system will handle the situation by cutting the fuel wheel grip force measurement. System support features like
supply. Our proposed system uses a microcontroller named hands free auto-reply SMS, collision pre safe activation,
Arduino along with MQ-3 sensor, infrared sensor, mobile baseband monitoring, drunk and drive prevention.
accelerometer, and webcam. Arduino is used to regulate all author uses ARM CORTEX M3 to perform all
these sensors. computational functions. In [6] author proposed a integrated
system which detect the alcohol consumption of driver using
Keywords—IoT, Accident, Arduino, Sensors, Vehicle, breath analyzer sensor. Author has fixed a default which
Drowsiness threshold, if alcohol consumption goes beyond threshold
value, then fuel supply is cutoff. Author used
I. INTRODUCTION microcontroller which is attached with GPS, GSM and
alcohol detection sensor. [7] Author proposed a system
[1] It is obvious from the graph that throughout the years which uses vehicle black box, seat belt sensor and eye blink
2005 to 2015, an aggregate number of street mishaps, sensor. This system uses microcontroller to control all
killings and wounds have expanded by 14.2 for each penny, sensors and send text message when accident or abnormal
53.9 for every penny and 7.5 for every penny individually. conditions occurs.
The quantity of street mishap killings have been expanded
alarmingly finished the years 2005 to 2015. The extend of
deadly mishaps in all out street mischances has reliably
expanded since 2005 from 19.0 for every penny to 26.3 for III. CONFIGURATION OF SYSTEM
each penny in 2015. The seriousness of street mishaps,
estimated as far as people slaughtered per 100 mischances
has additionally expanded from 21.6 to 29.1 out of 2015.
In India, the root causes of these accidents are the drunk
driver, drowsiness, and badly designed speed breakers.
There is no effective mechanism to prevent this root causes.
Our proposed system provides an efficient, cost-effective
and real-time solution to all these problems.
The paper is organized as follows: Section 2 contains the
review of related work. Section 3 contains Configuration of
System. Section 4 contains system objective. Section 5
contains the experimental analysis and section 6 is the
conclusions of this research work.

II. RELATED WORK

[2] Author proposed system i.e. smart helmet and report
the accidents author used processor which will support WIFI
Fig. 2.Configuration of system
connectivity and sensors. The proposed system is reliable
and efficient but not cost effective. [3] Author proposed
system i.e. e-NOTIFY which provides assistance to injured

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC 2019)
IEEE Xplore Part Number:CFP19OSV-ART; ISBN:978-1-7281-4365-1

Our proposed system contains the camera, Ultrasonic

sensor, Infrared sensor, MQ-3 Sensor, Accelerometer
ADXL-330 and Arduino Uno R3. Arduino is a
microcontroller which is used to process data and control
sensors. Our proposed system uses MQ-3 sensor to detect
the alcohol consumption. Our proposed system uses infrared
sensor to monitor the eye of the human being. The infrared
sensor contains IR LED and IR photo-diode. Our proposed
system uses “OpenCV Library” to monitor mouth. Our
proposed algorithm detect the number of yawns from the
detected mouth. Our proposed system uses ultrasonic sensor
to detect speed Bumpers on road [8-14].

IV. SYSTEM OBJECTIVE

A. Alcohol Detection
Our proposed system uses MQ-3 sensor to detect the
alcohol consumption. The reason to choose MQ-3 sensor is
that it is low cost and have high sensitivity to alcohol. It
actually detects the ethanol in the air or human breath. It
contains total 6 pins. It is basically alumina tube covered by
tin oxide. When alcohol molecules in the human breath meet
the electrode between SnO2 and alumina, ethanol burns into Fig. 4.Eye Blinking Detection
acetic acid and because of this more current is produced.
More the alcohol molecules, more current we will get. C. Head Movement Detection
Our proposed system uses accelerometer ADXL330 for
detection of head movement. ADXL330 provides 3-axis
detection. We have set each accelerometer axis two
dedicated LED indicators - red and green. Both LEDs
become off when there is no acceleration. One LED become
“ON” if there is acceleration in any one direction. There are
two methods to calculate new head position:-

1-Relative Mapping of coordinates

In this, every tilt angle corresponds to head step size and
then this amount is added to the head’s old position
coordinates to calculate the new position.
Fig. 3.Alcohol Detection Mechanism 2-Absolute Mapping of Coordinates
In this, every tilt angle corresponds to a position on the
screen.
B. Identify The Headings To convert acceleration to an inclination angle, our
Our proposed system uses infrared sensor to monitor the proposed system uses
eye of the human being. The infrared sensor contains IR
LED and IR photo-diode. Our proposed system uses IR
LED to detect eye blink rate. A maximum amount of light is
reflected from the eye when the eye is close because when
an eye is closed, our skin part of the eye becomes opaque. If
minimum amount of light is reflected then we can conclude
that vehicle driver is feeling drowsy.
Where θ is the inclination angle in radians.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC 2019)
IEEE Xplore Part Number:CFP19OSV-ART; ISBN:978-1-7281-4365-1

of vehicle. It changes its angle of rotation after defined

threshold. If the transmitted ray is received by receiver then
Speed Bumper is detected else not detected.

Fig. 5.Head Movement Detection

D. Mouth Detection Fig. 7.Speed Bumper Detection

Our proposed system uses OpenCV library to monitor
mouth. Our proposed algorithm detect the number of yawns
from the detected mouth. An closed mouth is often brighter V. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
than open mouth. Image captured by camera is converted The below Figure describe the experimental setup
into Binary Image. As shown in Figure B image has less
number of back pixels which indicates mouth is closed and
D image indicates mouth is open because of yawn. If the
detected yawns are more than threshold then driver gets
alerted using voice messages.

Fig. 7.Experimental Setup

Fig. 6.Mouth Detection cases

E. Speed Bumper (or Speed Breaker) Detection
The proposed system uses ultrasonic sensor to detect
speed bumpers on road. At night, many times these speed
bumpers are not visible to us. To solve this problem our
system uses the HC-SR04 sensor. It is fixed on the front side

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Proceedings of the Third International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC 2019)
IEEE Xplore Part Number:CFP19OSV-ART; ISBN:978-1-7281-4365-1

Fig.9-Head Movement Result

Shows the head movement detection in which the voltage

changes with respect to change in accelerometer angle.
Initially 0V is set at 50 i.e. at neutral position. Change in
head movement beyond certain specified limits changes the
output voltage & thus head movement is detected.

CONCLUSION

With an increasing number of vehicles, the number of

accidents is increasing. The main factor for accidents is
Consumption of alcohol, drowsiness, and badly designed
speed bumpers. Our proposed system provides the efficient,
cost-effective and real-time solution to all these problems.
Our Model provides the efficient way to minimize the
increasing number of accidents.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC 2019)
IEEE Xplore Part Number:CFP19OSV-ART; ISBN:978-1-7281-4365-1

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