The document provides an overview of the goals, philosophies, theories and roles related to maternal and child health nursing. The primary goal of MCHN is to promote optimal family health and childbearing/rearing cycles. MCHN is family-centered, community-centered, research-centered and based on nursing theories and evidence-based practice. Nurses in MCHN provide health assessments, education, support and advocacy for children, parents and communities. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to improve health and well-being for all ages by reducing maternal and child mortality and ensuring access to sexual/reproductive healthcare.
The document provides an overview of the goals, philosophies, theories and roles related to maternal and child health nursing. The primary goal of MCHN is to promote optimal family health and childbearing/rearing cycles. MCHN is family-centered, community-centered, research-centered and based on nursing theories and evidence-based practice. Nurses in MCHN provide health assessments, education, support and advocacy for children, parents and communities. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to improve health and well-being for all ages by reducing maternal and child mortality and ensuring access to sexual/reproductive healthcare.
The document provides an overview of the goals, philosophies, theories and roles related to maternal and child health nursing. The primary goal of MCHN is to promote optimal family health and childbearing/rearing cycles. MCHN is family-centered, community-centered, research-centered and based on nursing theories and evidence-based practice. Nurses in MCHN provide health assessments, education, support and advocacy for children, parents and communities. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to improve health and well-being for all ages by reducing maternal and child mortality and ensuring access to sexual/reproductive healthcare.
The document provides an overview of the goals, philosophies, theories and roles related to maternal and child health nursing. The primary goal of MCHN is to promote optimal family health and childbearing/rearing cycles. MCHN is family-centered, community-centered, research-centered and based on nursing theories and evidence-based practice. Nurses in MCHN provide health assessments, education, support and advocacy for children, parents and communities. Sustainable Development Goals also aim to improve health and well-being for all ages by reducing maternal and child mortality and ensuring access to sexual/reproductive healthcare.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 5
Framework for Maternal and Child Health Nursing
A. Goals and Philosophies of Maternal And Child Health Nursing
The Primary Goal of MCHN:
- Promotion and maintenance of optimal family health to ensure cycles of optimal childbearing and childrearing.
The Philosophy of MCHN:
- According to WHO, MCHN is family-centered. Nurses assessment should not only focused on the individual client but for the members of the family as well. The nurses should work with patients and their families rather than working to or for the patient with their families. - According to WHO, MCHN is community-centered. We all know that the basic unit of the community is the family, thus, the health of family depends on and influences the health of the community. - According to WHO, MCHN is research-centered. Nursing research is very important because it helps nurses improve their knowledge and clinical expertise in the care of the clients to provide quality nursing care. - According to WHO, MCHN is based on nursing theories and evidence-based practice as well because this provides a foundation and basis for nursing function and nursing care. - MCHN uses a high degree of independent nursing functions because nurses required and a responsible in teaching, educating, and counseling the client and their family. - MCHN places importance on the promotion of health. Promoting of health is important because this protects the health of the next generation and the rights of all family members. Pregnancy and childhood diseases are stressful and can alter the life of the family in both settle and extensive ways, thus, MCHN is a challenging role for a nurse and it is a major factor in promoting high level of wellness in families.
B. Maternal and Child Health Goals and Standards
2 Main Overarching National Health Goals:
1. To increase quality and years of healthy life 2. To eliminate health disparities. Health disparity refers to the differences between groups of people in terms of health insurance coverage, access to healthcare, use of healthcare facilities and quality of care. Example: The issue on LGBT, according to WHO, they should be included in the care content on counseling with other areas such as evaluation of health sciences, literature, environmental health, public health system, and global health. These health care goals are being reviewed and revised every 10 years.
MCHN can be visualized through 4 phases of Health Care:
1. Health Promotion According to WHO, is the process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health. Example: Educating clients to be aware of their health through teaching and role modeling. 2. Health Maintenance a guiding principle in healthcare that gives emphasis on health promotion rather than the management of symptoms and illness. Example: The management and intervention to maintain health when risk of illness is present. Another, in the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to prevent us from acquiring the disease, we do hand washing, social distancing, uses of hand sanitizers and alcohol, and staying at home. In this manner, we just do not prevent ourselves from acquiring the disease but we are also helping in the flattening the curve of cases. 3. Health Restoration these are activities or interventions that will help clients to return to their health. Example: Prompt diagnosing and treating illness using interventions that will help clients return to their wellness rapidly. 4. Health Rehabilitation It is a process of helping a person or patient who has suffered an illness or injury restore lost skills and so regain maximum self-sufficiency. Example: Prevention of further complication from an illness such as diabetes mellitus to chronic renal failure.
C. Theories Related to MCN
Nursing theories are organized bodies of knowledge to define what nursing is, what nurses do, and why they do it. It is important for it serves as a framework of concepts and purposes intended to guide the practice of nursing at a concrete and specific level.
1. Sister Callista Roy (Adaptation Model)
SCR viewed the individual as a set of inter-related system whose trued to maintain the balance between the various stimuli. According to her, she stresses that an important role of the nurse is to help patients adapt to change caused by illness or other stressors. The levels of the adaptation of an individual depend on the degree of environmental change and the state of their coping ability.
2. Martha Rogers (Unitary Human Beings)
She viewed nursing as a science and an art because it provides a way to view the unitary human being who is integral with the universe. She stated that the purpose of nursing is to move the client toward optimal health and help them to interact with the environment. In this theory, the nurses should viewed the client as a whole and is constantly changing. 3. Dorothy Johnson (Behavioral System Model) She pioneered the BSM and upheld the fostering of efficient and effective behavioral functioning in the patient to prevent illnesses. According to her, a person comprises subsystems that must remain in balance for optimal functioning. Thus, any actual or potential threat to this system balance is a nursing concern.
4. Dorothea Orem (Self-care theory)
She states that nursing care is required if the client is unable to fulfill his biological, psychological, developmental, or social needs. According to her, the ficus of nursing is on the individual. The clients are assessed based on their ability to complete self-care. Care can be: a. wholly compensatory, meaning the client has no role b. Partly compensatory, meaning the client participate in care c. Supportive-Educational, meaning the clients performs own care
5. Ida Jean Orlando (Nursing Process Theory)
She emphasized the reciprocal relationship between patient and nurse and viewed the professional and function of nursing as finding out and meeting the patient immediate need for help. According to her, the focus of the nurse is interaction with the client and the effectiveness of care depends on the clients behavior since the client is the one that defines their own needs, and the nurses reaction to that behavior.
D. Roles and Responsibilities of a Maternal Child Nurse
1. They provide evidenced based assessments with emphasis on health promotion and wellbeing. 2. They provide information, support, advice and appropriate referrals relating to children and parents wellbeing. These includes, health, breastfeeding, immunization, antenatal, or post-natal care. 3. Act as an advocate for children, parents, and the community. 4. Recognizes and facilitate the access to families of cultural and linguistic diverse backgrounds. 5. Provide pre-natal care to pregnant women and health care to mothers and their newborn infants. 6. Provide a focus on prevention, early detection and intervention pf the health and well being concerns and their vulnerable infants, children, and their families. 7. They required in continuing education in order to stay up-to-date on the latest innovations and new practices in the field.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
formerly known ad Millennium Development Goals (MDG) MDG are ambitious, agenda for reducing poverty and improving the lives of the people that world leaders agreed on at the Millennium Summit on September 2000. MDG is a success because it eradicated poverty, improved maternal health, and reduce child mortality, however, it failed because the successes of the goals not experienced equally across the globe. So, to address this problem, they uplift the MDG to SDG. SDG are collection of 17 global goals, designed to be a blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. The SDG was set in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly and intended to be achieved by the year 2030, as part of UN Resolution 70/1, the 2030 Agenda.
17 Sustainable Development Goals:
No poverty Zero hunger Good health and well-being Quality education Gender equality Clean water and sanitation Affordable and clean energy Decent work and economic growth Industry, innovation m, and infrastructure Reduced inequalities Sustainable cities and communities Responsible consumption and production Climate action Life below water Life on land Peace, justice, and strong institutions Partnerships for the goals
Good health and well-being
the goal related to MCHN it ensure healthy live and promote well-being for all ages. That is strategies for meeting the SDG no.3 would be to reduce adolescents pregnancy which is strongly gender equality. It provide better data for all women and girls and achieve universal coverage of skilled birth attendance. Health target 3-1: Reduce maternal mortality. By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 1000 live births Health target 3-2: End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age. By the 2030, end preventable deaths of newborn and children under 5 years of age. Wherein, all countries are aiming to reduce neonatal mortality at least as low as 12 per 1000 live births. Also, reduce under 5 mortality to at least as low ad 25 per 1000 live births. Health target 3-7: Universal access to sexual and reproductive care, family planning, and education. By 2030, all nation should ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health care services. This includes family planning, information and education, and integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programs.