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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 286-2

Second edition
2010-06-15

Geometrical product specifications

(GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances
on linear sizes —
Part 2:
Tables of standard tolerance classes and
limit deviations for holes and shafts
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Système de
codification ISO pour les tolérances sur les tailles linéaires —
Partie 2: Tableaux des classes de tolérance normalisées et des écarts
limites des alésages et des arbres

Reference number
ISO 286-2:2010(E)

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1
2 Normative references............................................................................................................................3
3 Standard tolerances ..............................................................................................................................3
4 Limit deviations for holes .....................................................................................................................4
5 Limit deviations for shafts....................................................................................................................4
6 Presentation of Tables 2 to 32 .............................................................................................................4
Annex A (informative) Graphical review of tolerance intervals for holes and shafts ................................45
Annex B (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model .....................................................................50
Bibliography......................................................................................................................................................52

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 286-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 286-2:1988), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 286-2:1988/Cor.1:2006.

ISO 286 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) —
ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes:

⎯ Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits

⎯ Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and shafts

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Introduction
This part of ISO 286 is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a general
GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain links 1 and 2 of the chain of standards on size in the
general GPS matrix.

For more detailed information on the relationship of this part of ISO 286 to the GPS matrix model, see
Annex B.

The need for limits and fits for machined workpieces was brought about mainly by the requirement for
interchangeability between mass-produced parts and the inherent inaccuracy of manufacturing methods,
coupled with the fact that “exactness” of size was found to be unnecessary for most workpiece features. In
order that the fit function could be satisfied, it was found sufficient to manufacture a given workpiece so that its
size lay within two permissible limits, i.e. a tolerance, this being the variation in size acceptable in manufacture
while ensuring the functional fit requirements of the product.

Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between mating features of two different workpieces, it is
necessary to ascribe an allowance, either positive or negative, to the nominal size to achieve the required
clearance or interference. ISO 286 gives the internationally accepted code system for tolerances on linear
sizes. It provides a system of tolerances and deviations suitable for two types of feature: “cylinder” and “two
parallel opposite surfaces”. The main intention of this code system is the fulfilment of the function fit.

The terms “hole”, “shaft” and “diameter” are used to designate the types of feature of cylinders (e.g. for the
tolerancing of the diameter of a hole or shaft). For simplicity, they are also used for two parallel opposite
surfaces (e.g. for the tolerancing of the thickness of a key or the width of a slot).

The pre-condition for the application of the ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes for the features
forming a fit is that the nominal sizes of the hole and the shaft are identical.

The previous edition of ISO 286-2 (published in 1988) had the envelope criterion as the default association
criterion for the size of a feature; however, ISO 14405-1 changes this default association criterion to the two-
point size criterion. This means that form is no longer controlled by the default specification of size.

In many cases, the diameter tolerances specified in this part of ISO 286 are not sufficient for effective control
of the intended function of the fit. The envelope criterion specified in ISO 14405-1 may be required. In
addition, the use of geometrical form tolerances and surface texture requirements may improve the control of
the intended function.

A general graphical representation of the relationship between the respective tolerance classes and their
deviations is given in Annex A.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system

for tolerances on linear sizes —
Part 2:
Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for
holes and shafts

1 Scope

This part of ISO 286 gives values of the limit deviations for commonly used tolerance classes for holes and
shafts calculated from the tables given in ISO 286-1. This part of ISO 286 covers values for the upper limit
deviations ES (for holes) and es (for shafts), and the lower limit deviations EI (for holes) and ei (for shafts)
(see Figures 1 and 2).

NOTE In the tables of limit deviations, the values of the upper limit deviation ES or es are shown above the values of
the lower limit deviation EI or ei except for tolerance classes JS and js which are symmetrical about the zero line.

The ISO system for tolerances on linear size provides a system of tolerances and deviations suitable for
features of the following types:

a) cylinders;

b) two parallel opposite surfaces.

For simplicity, and also because of the importance of cylindrical workpieces of circular section, only these are
referred to explicitly. It should be clearly understood, however, that the tolerances and deviations given in this
part of ISO 286 equally apply to workpieces of other than circular sections.

In particular, the term “hole” or “shaft” is used to designate features of the cylinder type (e.g. for the
tolerancing of the diameter of a hole or shaft) and, for simplicity, these terms are also used for two parallel
opposite surfaces (e.g. for the tolerancing of the thickness of a key or the width of a slot).

For further information on terminology, symbols, the basis of the system, etc., see ISO 286-1.

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Limit deviations

A to G H JS J K M N P to ZC

+
6
IT

ES

ES
EI

ES
EI
1

EI
J6
J7 2 4
J8 3 M7
_ 5
M8

ES = EI + IT ES = ES = ES > 0 ES ES < 0
0 + IT + IT/2

EI > 0 EI = 0 EI = EI = ES - IT
- IT/2

IT see Table 1

Key
1 K1 to K3, and also K4 to K8 for sizes for which — < nominal size u 3 mm (for the significance of the dash, see e.g.
footnote “b” to Table 2)
2 K4 to K8 for sizes for which 3 mm < nominal size u 500 mm
3 K9 to K18
4 M1 to M6
5 M9 to M18
6 N1 to N8
7 N9 to N18

Figure 1 — Upper and lower limit deviations for holes (internal features)

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Limit deviations

a to g h js j k m to zc

+
1 4

es
es

ei
0
2 3
j7
es

ei
j8
ei

es < 0 es = 0 es = + IT/2 es = ei + IT es = ei + IT es = ei + IT

ei = es - IT ei = 0 - IT ei = - IT/2 ei < 0 ei = 0 or > 0 ei = > 0

IT see Table 1

Key
1 j5, j6
2 k1 to k3, and k4 to k7 for sizes for which — < nominal size u 3 mm (for the significance of the dash, see e.g.
footnote “b” to Table 2)
3 k4 to k7 for sizes for which 3 mm < nominal size u 500 mm
4 k8 to k18

Figure 2 — Upper and lower limit deviations for shafts (external features)

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 286-1:2010, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances of linear
sizes — Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits

3 Standard tolerances
The values of standard tolerance grades IT01 to IT18, inclusive, are given in Table 1.

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

4 Limit deviations for holes

A synoptic representation of the tolerance classes for holes, as given in this part of ISO 286, is shown in
Figures 3 and 4.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the tolerance classes shown in Figures 3 and 4, and their limit deviations
given in Tables 2 to 16, are not intended to give detailed directives on the selection of tolerance classes for
any purpose. Recommendations for the selection of tolerance classes are given in ISO 286-1:2010,
Subclause 4.4 and Clause 5.

NOTE Some tolerance classes are only provided for a restricted number of nominal size ranges. For further
information, see 6.1.

5 Limit deviations for shafts

A synoptic representation of the tolerance classes for shafts, as given in this part of ISO 286, is shown in
Figures 5 and 6.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the tolerance classes shown in Figures 5 and 6, and their limit deviations
given in Tables 17 to 32, are not intended to give detailed directives on the selection of tolerance classes for
any purpose. Recommendations for the selection of tolerance classes are given in ISO 286-1:2010,
Subclause 4.4 and Clause 5.

NOTE Some tolerance classes are only provided for a restricted number of nominal size ranges. For further
information, see 6.1.

6 Presentation of Tables 2 to 32
6.1 Values may be calculated, from the tables given in ISO 286-1, for fundamental deviations used for
tolerance classes for which there is no entry in the tables but for which the space has been left blank.

6.2 A small horizontal separation has been inserted in the tables, where appropriate, to distinguish between
values for nominal sizes less than or equal to 500 mm and those greater than 500 mm.

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ISO 286-2:2010(E)

Table 1 — Values of standard tolerance grades for nominal sizes up to 3 150 mm

NOTE This table, taken from ISO 286-1:2010, has been included in this part of ISO 286 to facilitate the use and
understanding of the tables for limit deviations and of Figures 1 and 2.

Nominal size Standard tolerance grades

mm IT01 IT0 IT1 IT2 IT3 IT4 IT5 IT6 IT7 IT8 IT9 IT10 IT11 IT12 IT13 IT14 IT15 IT16 IT17 IT18
Up to Standard tolerance values
and
Above
includ-
µm mm
ing

— 3 0,3 0,5 0,8 1,2 2 3 4 6 10 14 25 40 60 0,1 0,14 0,25 0,4 0,6 1 1,4

3 6 0,4 0,6 1 1,5 2,5 4 5 8 12 18 30 48 75 0,12 0,18 0,3 0,48 0,75 1,2 1,8

6 10 0,4 0,6 1 1,5 2,5 4 6 9 15 22 36 58 90 0,15 0,22 0,36 0,58 0,9 1,5 2,2

10 18 0,5 0,8 1,2 2 3 5 8 11 18 27 43 70 110 0,18 0,27 0,43 0,7 1,1 1,8 2,7

18 30 0,6 1 1,5 2,5 4 6 9 13 21 33 52 84 130 0,21 0,33 0,52 0,84 1,3 2,1 3,3

30 50 0,6 1 1,5 2,5 4 7 11 16 25 39 62 100 160 0,25 0,39 0,62 1 1,6 2,5 3,9

50 80 0,8 1,2 2 3 5 8 13 19 30 46 74 120 190 0,3 0,46 0,74 1,2 1,9 3 4,6

80 120 1 1,5 2,5 4 6 10 15 22 35 54 87 140 220 0,35 0,54 0,87 1,4 2,2 3,5 5,4

120 180 1,2 2 3,5 5 8 12 18 25 40 63 100 160 250 0,4 0,63 1 1,6 2,5 4 6,3

180 250 2 3 4,5 7 10 14 20 29 46 72 115 185 290 0,46 0,72 1,15 1,85 2,9 4,6 7,2

250 315 2,5 4 6 8 12 16 23 32 52 81 130 210 320 0,52 0,81 1,3 2,1 3,2 5,2 8,1

315 400 3 5 7 9 13 18 25 36 57 89 140 230 360 0,57 0,89 1,4 2,3 3,6 5,7 8,9

400 500 4 6 8 10 15 20 27 40 63 97 155 250 400 0,63 0,97 1,55 2,5 4 6,3 9,7

500 630 9 11 16 22 32 44 70 110 175 280 440 0,7 1,1 1,75 2,8 4,4 7 11

630 800 10 13 18 25 36 50 80 125 200 320 500 0,8 1,25 2 3,2 5 8 12,5

800 1 000 11 15 21 28 40 56 90 140 230 360 560 0,9 1,4 2,3 3,6 5,6 9 14

1 000 1 250 13 18 24 33 47 66 105 165 260 420 660 1,05 1,65 2,6 4,2 6,6 10,5 16,5

1 250 1 600 15 21 29 39 55 78 125 195 310 500 780 1,25 1,95 3,1 5 7,8 12,5 19,5

1 600 2 000 18 25 35 46 65 92 150 230 370 600 920 1,5 2,3 3,7 6 9,2 15 23

2 000 2 500 22 30 41 55 78 110 175 280 440 700 1 100 1,75 2,8 4,4 7 11 17,5 28

2 500 3 150 26 36 50 68 96 135 210 330 540 860 1 350 2,1 3,3 5,4 8,6 13,5 21 33

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