Building and Construction Materials Unit - 3: 1 List The Different Bonds in Brick Masonry? Explain Any Two of Them. Ans
Building and Construction Materials Unit - 3: 1 List The Different Bonds in Brick Masonry? Explain Any Two of Them. Ans
Building and Construction Materials Unit - 3: 1 List The Different Bonds in Brick Masonry? Explain Any Two of Them. Ans
UNIT – 3
1 List the different bonds in brick masonry? Explain any two of them.
Ans –
The most commonly used types of bonds in brick masonry are:
1. Stretcher bond
2. Header bond
3. English bond
4. Flemish bond
Stretcher Bond :
A stretcher is the longer face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In the brick
of size 190 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm, 190 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm face is the
stretcher. In stretcher bond masonry all the bricks are arranged in stretcher
courses as shown in the figure. However care should be taken to break vertical
joints. This type of construction is useful for the construction half brick thick
partition wall.
1
Header Bond :
A header is the shorter force of the brick as seen in the elevation. In a standard
brick it is 20 mm × 90 mm face. In header bond brick masonry all the bricks are
arranged in the header courses as shown in the figure. This type of bond is
useful for the construction of one brick thick walls.
Natural seasoning is the most traditional Artificial seasoning is the process by which
way of seasoning wood of timber. lumber is dried using man-made devices
such as a kiln.
In this method wood is dried usually by Regular wood seasoning is done by air
keeping the wood exposed to air, so that drying in conditions below 18 percent
the moisture evaporates and wood is moisture.
seasoned.
This method is very economical in the Seasoning can only be completed in 4 to 5
sense that no operational charges exists days.
but the process is too slow.
More strength given for bricks with Less strong and compact compared to
thickness greater than one & half brick. English bond.
Expensive Economical
It is more costlier than flemish bond. Less cost due to using brick bats.
Un-coursed
It is the roughest and the cheapest form of stonewalling. Since stones are not of
uniform shape and size, they are arranged with great care so as to distribute
pressure over the maximum area and at the same time avoid long vertical joints.
Built to course
It is similar to un-coursed except that the work is roughly leveled up to form
courses 30 to 45 cm thick.
2. Square rubble :
Un-coursed
Stones having straight beds and sides are arranged in an irregular pattern to give
a good appearance and avoid the formation of long, continuous joints.
Built to course
Stones having straight bed and sides are leveled up to form courses of varying
depth.
Regular course
Stones having straight beds and sides are leveled up to form courses of varying
depth but the height of stones in each course is the same.
3. Miscellaneous type rubble :
In this masonry, as the name suggests the mortar is not used in the joints,
therefore it is the cheapest but more skilled manpower is required in
construction. The use of the dry rubble masonry is for non-load bearing walls like
compound walls.
b. Ashlar Masonry :
In ashlar masonry, square or rectangular blocks that are used are dressed and
have an extremely fine bed and end joints.
1. Ashlar fine tooled :
It is the finest stone masonry. The beds, joints, and faces of the stones are chisel
dressed to remove all unevenness and obtain perfectly horizontal and vertical
joints.
2. Ashlar rough tooled :
The beds and sides are finely chisel dressed but the exposed face is dressed by
rough tooling.
3. Ashlar rock faced :
The exposed face of the stones is not dressed but is kept as such to give rough
facing.
4. Ashlar chamfered :
It is a special type of ashlar rock-faced in which the strip provided around the
perimeter of the exposed face is chamfered at an angle of 45° to a depth of 25
mm.
5. Ashlar block in course :
It is immediate between ashlar and rubble masonry. Faces of each stone are
hammer dressed but the vertical joints are not as straight and fine as in ashlar
masonry.
6. Ashlar facing :
It is provided along with brick or concrete blocks to give a better appearance. The
outer faces of the stone are rough tooled and chamfered.