Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 38 views

    Alcohol, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Cu
    This document discusses the classification, naming, physical properties, preparation, and chemical properties of alcohols, phenols, thiols, and ethers. It classifies alcohols based on the number and location of hydroxyl groups. It provides IUPAC and common naming rules for these compounds and discusses their solubility, boiling points, and melting points. Methods for preparing primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols are outlined, including reduction, hydration, and Grignard reactions. Key chemical properties covered include salt formation, dehydration, replacement of hydroxyl groups, and oxidation reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Alcohol, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Cu
    38 views17 pages
    This document discusses the classification, naming, physical properties, preparation, and chemical properties of alcohols, phenols, thiols, and ethers. It classifies alcohols based on the number and location of hydroxyl groups. It provides IUPAC and common naming rules for these compounds and discusses their solubility, boiling points, and melting points. Methods for preparing primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols are outlined, including reduction, hydration, and Grignard reactions. Key chemical properties covered include salt formation, dehydration, replacement of hydroxyl groups, and oxidation reactions.

    Original Title

    Alcohols

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses the classification, naming, physical properties, preparation, and chemical properties of alcohols, phenols, thiols, and ethers. It classifies alcohols based on the number and location of hydroxyl groups. It provides IUPAC and common naming rules for these compounds and discusses their solubility, boiling points, and melting points. Methods for preparing primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols are outlined, including reduction, hydration, and Grignard reactions. Key chemical properties covered include salt formation, dehydration, replacement of hydroxyl groups, and oxidation reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views17 pages

    Alcohol, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Cu
    This document discusses the classification, naming, physical properties, preparation, and chemical properties of alcohols, phenols, thiols, and ethers. It classifies alcohols based on the number and location of hydroxyl groups. It provides IUPAC and common naming rules for these compounds and discusses their solubility, boiling points, and melting points. Methods for preparing primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols are outlined, including reduction, hydration, and Grignard reactions. Key chemical properties covered include salt formation, dehydration, replacement of hydroxyl groups, and oxidation reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 17

    Alcohol, Phenols,

    Thiols, and Ethers


    • Classification of Alcohols
    • Naming Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols and Ethers
    • Physical Properties
    Contents • Preparation of Alcohols
    • Chemical Properties
    • Important Alcohols
    • Society and culture
    Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols
    Classification of Alcohols
    A – according to the number of –OH group (hydroxyl group)
    • Monohydric Alcohols – contain only one –OH group, ex. CH3CH2OH (ethyl alcohol)
    • Dihydric Alcohols – contains 2 –OH group, ex. Ethylene glycol HOCH2CH2OH
    • Trihydric Alcohols – contains 3 -OH group, ex. Glycerol
    Classification of Alcohols
    B – according to the location of the –OH group (hydroxyl group)
    Naming Alcohols
    • IUPAC
    • The rules for naming alkanes is applied with the addition of:
    • Characteristics ending is “ol”
    • Position of the –OH is indicated by the lowest number
    Naming Phenols
    Naming Thiols
    Naming Ether
    Physical Properties
    Physical Properties
    Physical Properties
    • Solubility table of simple alcohols and ethers
    Physical Properties
    Preparation of Alcohols
    A. Primary Alcohols
    q Displacement of Halide ion
    RCH2X + HOH RCH2OH + HX
    qReduction of carbonyl group R-C=O
    RCHO + LiAlH4 RCH2OH ether as catalyst (same rxn with carboxylic acid, esters)
    qHydration of Olefins
    H2C=CH2 + H2O CH3CH2OH H2SO4 as catalyst
    qDeborane Method
    CH3CH2CH=CH2 + B2H6 2(CH3CH2CH2CH2)3B
    2(CH3CH2CH2CH2)3B + H2O2 6CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + H3BO3
    qGrignard Reaction
    RMgX + HCHO RCH2OMgX RCH2OMgX + HOH RCH2OH + Mg(OH)X
    qFermentation of Sugar
    Sucrose Glucose CH3CH2OH + HOH
    Preparation of Alcohols
    B. Secondary Alcohols
    q Reduction of Ketones
    CH3COCH3 + LiAlH4 4CH3CHOHCH3 in ether
    q Hydration of Olefins
    CH3CH=CH2 + HOH CH2CHOHCH3 in H2SO4
    q Grignard Reaction (all other aldehydes except for formaldehyde HCHO)
    CH3CHO + RMgX CH3CHOMgX + HOH CH3CHOH-R +Mg(OH)X
    Preparation of Alcohols
    C. Tertiary Alcohols
    Chemical Properties of Alcohols
    • Salt Formation (RCH2OH + Na RCH2ONa + H2)
    • Dehydration (CH3CH2OH + CaC2 CH3CH2OH + acetylene + Ca(OH)2)
    • Test for water in ROH
    • Replacement of hydroxyl group with halides
    • With PX3
    • With SOCl2
    • With Lucas Reagent
    • Oxidation Reactions
    • Esterification Reaction

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy