2 Class Sampling Vs 3 Class Sampling

2 class sampling vs 3 class sampling
The 2-class attributes sampling plan simply classifies each sample unit as acceptable (nondefective) or
unacceptable (defective). In some plans, the presence of any organism of a particular type,
e.g., Salmonella, would be unacceptable; in others, a limited number of organisms may be acceptable,
e.g., Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In the latter, a boundary is chosen, denoted by m, which divides an
acceptable count from an unacceptable count. The 2-class plan rejects a lot if more than "c" out of the
"n" sample units tested were unacceptable. 1 For example, a typical 2-class plan with n = 5 and c = 0
requires that five sample units be tested and specifies a c value of 0 (see Table 6-1, case 10). The lot
would be rejected if any one of the five sample units tested was defective. Such plans are used
for Salmonella . The choice of n and c varies with the desired stringency of the plan. By appropriate
calculations the probability of acceptance can be determined for a lot of a given quality for any
specified sampling plan (see section below on operating characteristic curves). These sampling plans
are valid regardless of the statistical distributions of the microbiological counts provided that an
appropriate probability sampling scheme has been used to select the units to be tested.
3 class sampling
Because the choice of a boundary between an acceptable count and an unacceptable count is rather
arbitrary, Bray et al. (1973) introduced the concept of a 3-class plan. Sample units with a count of less
than m are of acceptable or good quality. Units with a count between m and M (see footnote 1) are
judged to be of marginal quality, and units whose counts are greater than M are of unacceptable or
bad quality. A random sample of n sample units would be chosen from the lot and the lot would be
rejected if any of the sample units had a count above M and/or if more than c of the units had a count
above m. For example, a typical 3-class plan is characterized by n = 5, c = 2, m = 10 5/g, M = 107/g.
Thus five sample units (n = 5) are analyzed. The lot will be rejected if any sample unit exceeds a
count of 10 7/g and/or if three or more sample units exceed a count of 10 5/g. The lot will be accepted if
all units have counts of less than 10 7/g and if no more than two units have counts greater than 105/g.
The 3-class plan makes no assumption about the distribution of counts in the lot. It assumes only that
an appropriate probability sampling procedure was used to select the sample units. As with 2-class
plans, the choice of n and c varies with the desired stringency of the plan. The ICMSF (1974) has
applied 2- and 3-class attributes sampling plans to assess microbiological safety or quality for a
variety of foods involved in international trade.
FSSAI
Two class sampling
Two-class attributes plans provide a simple means of inspection where the sampling plan
is defined by twovalues, n and c. The value of n defines the sample size in terms of
the number of items; and the value cdenotes the maximum number of
nonconforming items permitted in the sample. When undertaking amicrobiological
assessment, a maximum concentration of micro-organisms permitted in any item is
denotedby m; any item contaminated at a concentration greater than m is
considered to be nonconforming. For a given value of c, the stringency (probability
of rejection) of the plan will increase as n increases.
Three class sampling
Three class attributes plans are defined by the values n, c, m and M (see below); and are
applied to situations where the quality of the product can be divided into three
attribute classes depending upon the concentration of micro-organisms within the
sample: • Unacceptable quality, with a concentration of micro-organisms above the
value, M (which must not be exceeded by any items in the sample). • Good quality,
where the concentration must not exceed the value, m. • Marginally acceptable
quality. Marginal items have a concentration which exceeds m, but which is less than
M (such concentrations are undesirable but some can be accepted, the maximum
number acceptable being denoted by c).
Two and three-class attributes plans are ideally suited for regulatory, port-ofentry, and
other consumer oriented situations where little information is available concerning
the microbiological history of the lot. The plans are independent of lot size if the lot
is large in comparison to sample size. The relationship between sample size and lot
size only becomes significant when the sample size approaches one tenth of the lot
size, a situation rarely occurring in the bacteriological inspection of foods.
\When choosing a plan one must consider:
(i) The type and seriousness of hazards implied by the microorganisms; and
(ii) The conditions under which the food is expected to be handled and consumed after
sampling.

2 Class Sampling Vs 3 Class Sampling

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2 class sampling vs 3 class sampling

Three class sampling

\When choosing a plan one must consider:

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