The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO:0886-9367

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTISTORIED BUILDING USING ETABS

A. RAJESH1 E. ARUNA2 M. BABAROHITH CHOWDARY3 G. GOPI RAJU4 K. REVATHI5
SHAIK SHARIEF5
1
Assistant professor Department of civil engineering Malineni Perumallu Educational
Society‟s Groups of Institutions.
2,3,4,5,6
UG students Department of civil engineering Malineni Perumallu Educational

Society‟s Groups of Institutions

Abstract: Etabs stands for extended three-dimensional analysis of building systems. The main purpose of
this software is to design multi-storeyed building in a systematic process. The effective design and
construction of an earthquake resistant structure have great importance all over the world. This project
presents multi-storied residential building analysed and designed with lateral loading effect of earthquake
using ETABS. This project is designed as per IS 1893-PART 2:2002, IS 456-2000
Every structural engineer should design a building with most efficient planning and also be
economical. They should ensure that is serviceable, habitable in healthy environmental for its occupants
and have longer design period. Structurally robust and aesthetically pleasing building are beginning
constructed by combining the best properties of any construction material and at the same time meeting a
specific requirement like type of building and its loads, soil condition, time, flexibility and economy. The
high-rise buildings are best suited solution. This Project discusses the analysis of a multistoried building
depending up on the area prepare a plan based on the requirements. The plan area is 3500sqft of 15m
height i,e G+4. And each floor consisting of 2 flats. Each flat with 3bhk software used to draw the plan is
AutoCAD 2019.We have analysis and design of multistoried building using ETABS we have applied all
the loads and its combination to the structure and it is safe.

1. INTRODUCTION
ETABS is the present-day leading design software in the market. Many design company‟s use this software
for their project design purpose. So, this paper mainly deals with the comparative analysis of the results
obtained from the analysis of a multi storied building structure when analyses manually and using ETABS
software. Structural response to earthquake depends on Dynamic characteristics of the structures and
intensity, duration and frequency content of existing ground motion. Structural analysis means determination
of the general shape and all the specific dimensions of a particular structure so that it perform the function for
which it is created and will safely withstand the influences which will act on it throughout its useful life.
C.V.S. Lavanya, Emily.P.Pailey, Md. Mansha Sabreen and U.P.B.C. The effective design and construction of
a earthquake resistant structures have great importance all over the world. Geographical statistics of India
show that almost 54% of the land is vulnerable to earthquakes. This project presents analysis and design if
multi storied residential building using ETABS software with lateral loading effect of Earthquake. This
project is designed as per INDIAN CODES- IS 1893-part2:2002, IS 456:2000. This analysis is carried out by
considering severe seismic zones and behavior is assessed by taking type-II Soil condition. In our project we
are considering a plan under zone –IV. Seismic Intensity is Severe and Zone Factor is 0.24 at Panaji. The
building is proposed to have Ordinary RC moment-resisting frame and the Response Reduction Factor is 3.0
Design example of a six story building: In this paper, from the plinth to the certain height of the building the
column size may differ that is it would be more when compared to the upper columns because to reduce the
failure in the structure. The diaphragm is rigid. The main beams rest on the columns to avoid local

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eccentricity. Comparison of analysis and design of regular and irregular configuration of multi storied
building in various seismic zones using ETABS software. The center of mass is the unique point at the center
of a distribution of mass in space. The center of mass is the mean location of a distribution of mass in space.
Seismic Analysis of Multi-storied Building: As this project deals with the most economical column method in
this project we have design the structure in an economical way by reducing the sizes in the sections. As the
load is more at the bottom when compared to the top floors, there is no need of providing large sizes at the top.
Economizing the column by means of column orientation is longer span longer direction will reduce the
amount of bending as a result there are of the steel is reduced.

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE WORK

 To perform analysis and design of a building without any kind of failure as much as possible.

 To make a building that is easy to maintain and survive with the least amount of damage.
 To get a better understanding of the basic principles of a building.
 To prepare 3D static resistant building by ETABS program for a better analysis.
 To get a better understanding of the design from its columns, beams, slabs.
 To make a building that is safe and has a better chance of being safe.

1.2 NEED OF THE WORK

 Minimum the risk better and safe is the life. the very fundamental quote which has a deep meaning. A
good engineer is the one who never stops and keep doing best with the use of his developed
knowledge and skills

 The study which are yet made are far more less sufficient to develop better solutions and to know the
more worthy solution further studies and more engineering has to be applied to get more wonderful
results.

 The way a building response to the forces it has to deal with. The need here is to make a structure
safe from the external unpredictable forces. A safe structure means a safe life and a step towards
modern construction.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE WORK

 The scope of the study is to produce good structural work for preforming analysis and design for a
residential building.
 To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of structure
 To increase the design life period and serviceability of the structure.

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2. METHODOLOGY

2.1 DEAD LOADS (DL):

All permanent constructions of the structure form the dead loads. The dead load comprises of the self-
weight, weight of walls, partitions floor finishes and the other permanent constructions in the buildings. The
loads considered in this project are as per IS 456 2000.
2.2 LIVE LOAD (LL):
Live load or imposed load is defined as the load on the structure due to moving weight. Imposed load is
produced by the intended use or occupancy of a building including the weight of movable partitions,
distributed and concentrated loads, load due to impact and vibration and dust loads. Imposed loads do not
include loads due to wind, seismic activity, snow, and loads imposed due to temperature changes to which the
structure will be subjected to, creep and shrinkage of the structure, the differential settlements to which the
structure may undergo.

2.3 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATION (Based on IS 1893-2002)

During an earthquake, ground motions develop in a random manner both horizontally and vertically in all
directions radiating from the epicenter. The ground motions develop vibrations in the structure inducing
inertial forces on them. Hence structures located in seismic zones should be suitably designed and detailed to
ensure strength, serviceability and stability with acceptable levels of safety under seismic forces.
2.4 ZONE FACTOR (Z)
The values of peak ground acceleration given in units „g‟ for the maximum considered earthquake.

~The value of (Z/2) corresponds to design basis earthquake damage control in limit state.

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The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO:0886-9367

~Based on history of seismic activities seism tectonic understanding the entire country has been divided in to
four zones. The zone factor from table 2(IS 1893:2002).
Table 1 – zone factor values

Seismic zone II III IV V

Seismic Low Moderate Seve Very severe
Intensity re
Z 0.10 0.16 0.24 0.36
2.5 BUILDING BYE LAWS
Building bye laws set standards for building work. Their aim is to ensure the health and safety of people
around the building by setting requirements for building design and construction. The bye laws also promote
energy efficiency and aim to improve access for disable people.
 Line of building frontage and minimum plot sizes.
 Open spaces around residential buildings.
 Minimum standard dimensions of building elements.
 Provisions of lighting and ventilation.
 Provisions for means of access.
 Provisions of safety from fire and explosion.
 Provisions for drainage and sanitation.
 Provisions for safety of works against hazard or accidents.
 Requirements for off street parking spaces.
 Requirements for green belt and landscaping.
 Minimum width provision for passage way or corridors:

2.6 PROJECT DETAILS:

 Purpose of the building: residential
 Shape of the building: regular (rectangular)
 No. of stories: (G+4)
 Type of wall: brick wall
 Height of stories: 3m. (Similar stories)
 Depth of foundation: 1.5m.
 Area of plot: 350 m²
 Plinth area: 310 m²

2.7 GENERAL CONDITIONS OF AREA OF CONSTRUCTION

Area: Panaji Soil type: Medium
stiff Zone: IV Zone factor: 0.24
Response Reduction Factor, R: 3.0 (Ordinary RC moment-resisting frame) A four-floor Residential building of
symmetrical plan.

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The International journal of analytical and experimental modal analysis ISSN NO:0886-9367

2.8 MATERIAL PROPERTIES

To carry out the work in ETABS software the properties of the materials such as concrete and steel should be
defined. Similarly the loads should be defined such as live load, super dead loads.

Grade of
concrete: M20
Grade of steel: Fe
415 Live loads:
2kN/m2
SDL (floor finish): 1.5kN/m2
SDL (wall loads inner and outer respectively): 6.21kN/m2 and 12.45kN/m2
Beam size: 230mm x 450mm
Column size: 230mm x 450mm

2.9 DESCRIPTION OF LOADS:

All moving loads come under live loads.
Live load (on floors): 2kN/m2 , (IS 875:1987 – Part -2)
Live load (on roof): 1kN/m2 , (IS 875:1987 – Part -2)
Floor finishes are the super imposed dead loads.
Floor Finishes (on floors):
1.5kN/m2 Floor Finishes (on
roof): 2kN/m2
Wall loads are the loads of bricks used in construction.
For 9” wall (outer wall): 12.45kN/m2 (wall thickness*height of the floor*density of brick = 0.23*3*18)
For 4.5” wall (inner wall): 6.21kN/m2 (wall thickness*height of the floor*density of brick = 0.115*3*18)

Earthquake loads are given so that the building shall be earthquake resistant.

Zone: IV (According to the present zoning map, Zone 5 expects the highest level of seismicity whereas Zone 2 is
associated with the lowest level of seismicity.)

Zone factor: 0.24

Soil type: II (medium stiff soil)
Importance factor, I: 1.0 (as residential building)
The building is proposed to have ordinary moment resisting frame.

3. WORK PROCEDURE
3.1 PREPARING PLAN IN AUTO CAD:
Depending upon the area prepare a plan based on the requirements. The below shown plan is of area 3500sqft
of 15m height i.e., G+4. And each floor consists of 2 flats. Each flat with 3BHK. Software used to draw the
plan is AUTOCAD 2019.

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Period Used
Directio n W (kN) Vb (kN)
(sec)

Fig 1 Plan in AutoCAD

a. CENTRE LINE DIAGRAM :
Draw center line diagram using a different layer. After completing center line diagram then save file.

Fig 2 – Centre Line Diagram

Fig 4 3d view of structure

4. RESULTS

4.1 Calculated Base Shear

Period
Directio n W (kN) Vb (kN)
Used (sec)
X 0.526 8487.06 763.835
17 6

Y 0.75 8487.06 553.915

17 5
X+ 0.526 8487.06 763.835
Ecc. Y 17 6
Y+ 0.75 8487.06 553.915
Ecc. X 17 5

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X - Ecc. 0.526 8487.06 763.835

Y 17 6
Y - Ecc. 0.75 8487.06 553.915
X 17 5

Fig 5 Deflection of structure

Fig 6 Shear force of structure

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Fig 7 bending moment of structure

Fig 8 Applied Story Forces

5. CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis and design of multistoried building, the following conclusion‟s are made:

 Our project deals with provision of earthquake resistant structure which is also economic
 Maximum sizes of the beams and columns were provided as B 230x450 mm and C230x450mm.
 There is a gradual increase in the value of lateral forces from bottom floor to top floor in software
analysis.

 Maximum shear force is 93.8KN and maximum bending moment value is 79.5KN, which is acted at top
floor of the building.

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 We have analysis and design of multistoried building using ETABS .We have applied all the loads
and its combination & our structure is safe .

REFERENCES
[1] Balaji.U, “Design and Analysis Of Multi-storied Building under static and dynamic loading conditions
using ETABS, International Journal of Technical Research and Applications ,ISSN: 2320- 8163, Volume 4,
Issue 4 (July-Aug, 2016), PP. 1-5

[2] IS: 1893:2000, Part 1, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures - General Provisions for
Buildings, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2002

[3] Mounika.Pallapolu, Aquila Angel. Pilli and K. Prasanthi, Analysis and Design of Commercial Building.
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 2017, pp. 1445–1451.

[4] Piyush Tiwari, P.J.Salunke, Earthquake Resistant Design of Open Ground Storey Building, International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2395 -0056, Volume: 02 Issue: 07 |Oct-2015,PP 63-
71 .

[5] Pardeshi sameer, “Study of multi storey symmetrical and asymmetrical building, International Research
Journal of Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2395 -0056, Volume: 03 Issue: 01 | Jan-2016, PP 732-737.

[6] Priya Sera Varkey, N. Ganapathy Ramasamy, S. Prakash Chandar and Dhanya R, A Review on LCEA
of Infrastructure Buildings. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 2017, pp. 1112–
1122.

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