PENGUIN READERS

Answer keys LEVEL 4 Teacher Support Programme

Gladiator
Book key 20 a Outside Senator Gracchus’ house.
b In the Colosseum.
1 Open answers c In the Colosseum arena.
2 a emperor  general  gladiator  slave d In the prison.
b arrow  spear  sword 21–23  Open answers
c armor  shield 24 a  5  b  2  c  8  d  6  e  3  f  7  g  1  h  4
d republic  senate 25 a bread > wheat
e chariot b watched > followed
f tiger c letter > message
3 Open answers d stay > leave
4 (in note form) e wheat > money
a He has called his children and the senators to him. f pleased > frightened
b He picks up some earth and then lets it fall through 26–27  Open answers
his fingers. 28 a Proximo
c Open answers b Proximo
d He is jealous of him. c Maximus, Juba
e He visits the wounded and dying soldiers. d Haken
f To go home to his farm in Spain. e Proximo
5–7  Open answers f Cicero
8 a  F  b  T  c  T  d  F  e  F g Maximus, Gracchus
9 a Training a wild horse. 29 a soldier
b They are Royal guards, not Roman soldiers. b gold
c A line of black smoke in the distance. c flowers
d They smell the smoke in the air. d fair
e They think he is dead. e knife
10 a Juba  the tigers f blood
b The slave-seller  the slaves g crowd
c The slave-seller  Juba 30 a  no  b  no  c  yes  d  yes  e  yes  f  no  g  no
d Proximo  dying as gladiators 31– 42  Open answers
11–13  Open answers
14 a  5  b  3  c  7  d  1  e  2  f  6  g  4 Discussion activities key
15 a by carriage 1 Commodus is jealous of Maximus.
b worried about
Commodus

Lucilla

Quintus

Maximus

c senators
d arm
e problems
f walls
is jealous of
g listening
Commodus 7 7 7 7
16–18  Open answers
19 a Proximo  Maximus  going into the arena Lucilla 7 7 7 7
b Maximus  the crowd  in the arena Quintus 7 7 7 7
c Juba  Maximus  in Proximo’s school Maximus 3 7 7 7
d Maximus  Proximo  in Proximo’s room
2–8  Open answers
e Proximo  Maximus  in Proximo’s room
9 Open answers; Proximo paints him yellow because he
f Commodus  Lucilla  in Commodus’ bedroom
refuses to fight.
10–11  Open answers

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 PENGUIN READERS
Answer keys LEVEL 4 Teacher Support Programme

Gladiator
12 Lucilla is thinking of the Senate, and of the idea of 2 The Germans had cut the messenger’s head off.
the greatness of Rome; Commodus is thinking of
A S T H
the games at the arena; opinion about good or bad
E H O R
traditions: Open answer.
13 Open answers; he does; at the end of the fight/battle S E C A
in the Colosseum, he raises his right arm and sword in M E C L
the traditional gladiator’s sign of beating death. O S E R ,
14 Open answers T H E O
15 Open answers; the fighters were dressed as the T H E R
African Army because this was the army that fought
M E N C
in Carthagia, Africa. In the third century BC, Rome
O U L D
wanted to get control of the Mediterranean and
fought against Carthage in the Punic Wars. The S E E W
first war was between BC 264 and BC 241. After H A T H
Carthagia recovered some of its power, Rome attacked A D H A
again in the Second Punic War (BC 218–201), and P P E N E
defeated it. Carthagia recovered economically, which D .
led Rome to the third Punic War (BC 149–146).
16 Open answers 3 a  B  b  C  c  B  d  B  e  B  f  C
17 He was a Roman poet who lived from the year 55 to 4 a Lucilla
the year 140. He wrote satirical poems in which he b Maximus
showed the decadence of Imperial Rome in contrast c Quintus
with the virtues of the Roman Republic. The phrase d Maximus
is illustrated by Commodus literally throwing loaves 5 a  1  b  2  c  2  d  2
of bread at the crowds in the Colosseum during the 6 Although Maximus from Spain is here, Maximus the
games. Roman General and Maximus the farmer are already
18 The equipment they have is not the same; Maximus dead. I don’t mind about my own life.
has only a short sword and a round silver shield; Tigris Each letter is changed for the following in the
is wearing a silver armor and a tiger helmet with a alphabet. Maximus probably wrote it at Proximo’s
face guard. The soldiers that hold the tigers loosen the gladiator school.
chain when Maximus come near and hold them when 7 a T. He says: “I could kill, but I choose not to.”
Tigris comes near. When Tigris is on the ground, a (page 27) and “I will not kill for sport.” (page 28).
tiger attacks Maximus. On page 32 we read that, “it made him sick that
19–23  Open answers people were entertained by the sight of men killing
other men.”
Activity worksheets key b F. He would have to kill all gladiators and he is not
1 a A messenger a good fighter himself.
b The German Army c F. Gladiators were not only more experienced but
c Marcus Aurelius also better equipped (page 31).
d the Roman soldiers who had died during the battle d F. They cheered at him even louder.
e Maximus e T. He said to Falco: “Thank you for bringing out
f The fact that Roman soldiers were honoring a the loyal people. I hope they weren’t too expensive.”
Spaniard above the Emperor and his family. (page 33).
f T. A man is listening to the senators in the café
(page 36).

c Pearson Education Limited 2008 Gladiator - Answer keys  of 3

 PENGUIN READERS
Answer keys LEVEL 4 Teacher Support Programme

Gladiator
8 F I G H A T R S E Progress test key
I B R A K R E W S 1 a  armor  b  gladiator  c  slaves  d  carriage
2 a  anger  b  handle  c  sunrise  d  tigers  e  Juba
G L A D I A T O R
f  Morocco  g  gladiator  h  crashed  i  swords
H O E P L I K R U j  arrows  k  spears
T O P E L N O D O (i, j and k in any order)
E D S H I E L D M 3 a  watched  b  stared  c  looked  d  view  e  see
R M O D I R E N R f  looked
4 a shining
L U A N A N E R A
b frightening
G E T A I W S A P c, d  screaming, shouting, in any order
M U E S S O L O C e cheering
9 a The Greek 5 a  picked  b  cut  c  keep  d  got
b The trainer 6 a one tiger
c The spy b has fought with honor
d The crowd in Rome c kill when they had to
e The crowd in the arena d a coin
10 a He is ready to fight e then leave
b He has defeated death f couldn’t
c Asking to let a person live 7 a Juba, Haken and the gladiators
11 a  3  b  2  c  5  d  4  e  1 b Haken
12 a Gracchus c Cicero
b, c  Commodus, Lucilla, in any order d Senator Gaius and his family
d Marcus Aurelius e Quintus
e Lucilla f Commodus
f Commodus g Quintus
13 a Maximus’ death has been arranged. He probably h the gladiators
refers to the fight against Tigris and the four tigers
that is about to begin.
b He refers to himself trusting Lucilla, who did not
deserve his trust.
c He is threatening Lucilla to kill Lucius if she does
not tell him what she has planned.
14 a Maximus to Proximo, when he gave him his
freedom back.
b Cicero to Maximus, when he was being used to trap
him.
c Maximus to Lucilla, when he was decided to fight
Maximus in the arena.
d Quintus to Maximus, when he was taking him to
the arena.
e Commodus to Maximus, on the elevator at the
Colosseum, when he stabs him.
f Juba to the body of Maximus, when he was made
free.

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