Name: RAMIL D MALAPO

Course: BEED

Lesson 10: SEXUAL ASPECT OF SELF

Overview
 

Talking about sex should be deemed normal for there is a need for people to learn more
about their sexuality. Academic institutions are the best space to educate people about
sexuality and sexual behaviors under the topic sex education. The goal of including sex
education in the secondary level curriculum is to battle ignorance of the youth on sex, sexuality,
relationships, and sexual health and thus help them to make informed decisions as they grow
into sexually healthy adults. Although sex education was opposed by the Catholic Church in the
Philippines claiming that it will promote premarital sex which could lead to early pregnancies,
this topic is necessary for understanding sex in different contexts. Conservatism anchored on
religious beliefs may hinder full understanding of one’s sexual being.

II. Learning Outcomes 

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Be familiar with the human reproductive system and human sexual responses, and
behaviors that comprise the sexual aspect of the self;
2. Demonstrate reflective thought about different stages of love; and
3. Explain the various sexually transmitted diseases and infections and ways to prevent
them through methods of contraception.

III. Discussion and

Self-Assessment
Activities (SAA)

Sigmund Freud and the Desire for Pleasure

Human being’s need for sex is not of the same level as the need or oxygen, water, and
food. But without it, humankind will perish. Sex is not simply for procreation but it is also a
source of pleasure which is an important part of sexual health.
 For Sigmund Freud, all human behavior is motivated by the desire to feel pleasure. Such
motivation is organized and controlled by two instincts: sexuality and aggression. Freud
theorized that these instincts are driven by a form of internal psychic energy called libido.

According to Freud, human instinct continuously seeks the pleasure of the flesh which
can be satisfied through sex. To know whether human actions are really influenced by sexual
urges or not, Robert Michael, John Gagnon, and Edward Laumann conducted a study in 1992
among Americans to know how much men and women think about sex. His findings show that
men think about sex far more than women do – 54% of the men surveyed said they think
about sex everyday or several times a day, whereas 65% of the women said they think about it
only a few times a week or a few times a month.

The mind plays an important role in one’s sexuality and sexual behaviors. When one is
sexually attracted to someone, it is expected that he will not aggressively act on his urges so as
not to be accused of harassment. Humans have the ability control sexual urges. People may
engage in sexual activities because of feelings of love and admiration. However, sex must be
understood only as one of the many factors that drive people to act and behave the way they
do.

Development of Secondary Sex Characteristics and the Human Reproductive System

During adolescence, boys and girls develop their secondary sex characteristics along
with other physical changes they experience in this stage. In the stages of human growth and
development, an individual becomes physically mature upon reaching the stage of puberty.
Physical changes during adolescence are brought about by sex hormones from the testes and
ovaries of males and females, respectively. Testosterone is the sex hormones for males and
estrogen and progesterone are the sex hormones for females. Usually, the increase in
testosterone takes place at the age of 12 to 14 years for males while the increase in estrogen
and progesterone takes place at the age of 10 to 12 for females. Rapid growth and changes
happen at the age of 16 to 17 years in males and 15 to 17 years for females.

For males, physical changes include rapid increase in height and weight, growth of
Adam’s apple, deepening of voice, widening of shoulders, appearance and growth of pubic hair,
and underarm and facial hair, among others.

For females, changes include rapid increase in height and weight, onset of
menstruation, development of breasts and hips, among others.

Males develop more slowly in terms of physical growth and physiological changes but
continue to grow for about six years. Development during puberty follows a predictable
sequence, bit every individual experiences changes at his or her own pace for growth and
development are influenced by heredity, environment and lifestyle.
 Male Reproductive System

The male reproductive system is composed of penis, testes, vas deferens, scrotum,
sperm, prostrate gland, and epididymis. The main function of the system is the reproduction of
sperm for the fertilization of the ovum.

1. Penis – the primary male sex organ. It has a long shaft and an enlarged tip called
the glans penis.
2. Testes or testicles – the organ responsible for the reproduction of the sperm cells
and testosterone, the male sex hormone. The testes or testicles lie outside the
abdominal cavity of the male within the scrotum.
3. Vas deferens – the tube that connects the testes with the urethra. It serves as a
passageway of the sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct for ejaculation.
4. Scrotum – the sac of skin that carries the testes. It protects the testes and is
responsible for maintaining the body temperature a few degrees below the normal
body temperature.
5. Sperm – the male sex cell. It is produced in the testes and matures in the epididymis
and passes from the vas deferens to the urethra. The sperm is released out of the
male reproductive system through the semen, the fluid that carries the sperm along
with a range of organic and inorganic constituents.
6. Prostate gland – a gland that surrounds the upper parts of the urethra just below
the bladder. It secretes fluids that nourish and protect the sperm.
7. Epididymis – long-coiled tube located at the back of the testicles that stores and
carries sperm.

Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system is composed of the ovary, ovum, fallopian tube, uterus,
cervix, vagina and vulva. The main function of the female reproductive system is the
production, transportation, and fertilization of eggs and the production of sex hormones.

1. Ovary – the female reproductive organ located in the pelvic cavity which produces
the ova (egg cells) and secretes the female hormones, progesterone and estrogen.
2. Ovum – the female reproductive cell also called the egg cell. Once matured, it unites
with a male sperm to form a fertilized egg.
3. Fallopian tubes or oviducts – extend from uterus to the ovaries. The primary function
of the tubes is to carry the eggs to the uterus.
4. Uterus – the thick-walled, pear-sized and -shaped muscular organ that lies above the
urinary bladder. It nurtures the fertilized ovum that develops into the fetus and it
carries the baby until its birth.
5. Cervix – the lower part of the uterus. It directs the sperm into the uterus during
sexual intercourse.
6. Vagina – the elastic passageway from the cervix to the outside of the female body.
It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and it is where the baby passes
during childbirth.
 7. Vulva – the external genital organ of the female. It consists the labia majora, labia
minora, mons pubis, clitoris, vestibules, and the vaginal opening.

Erogenous Zones

An erogenous zone is a part of the body that is highly sensitive and the stimulation of
which leads to sexual responses such as relaxation, fantasies, arousal, and orgasm. The
stimulation of an individual’s erogenous zone is considered an act of physical intimacy. These
zones differ between the male and female bodies.

Erogenous Zones

Male body Female body

Mouth Mouth

Lips Lips

Neck Neck

Ears Ears

Nipples Breasts

Scrotum Nipples

Perineum (the area between the anus and Cervix (lower end of the uterus)
scrotum)
Vagina
Penis
Clitoris

Knowing these zones or “hot spots” is important for every couple as it would boost
sexual satisfaction. In addition, knowing these zones will also improve sexual health. Research
shows that stimulating these spots may produce different reactions to the body such as
relaxation of the muscle and the production of the feel-good hormone called prolactin.

Human Sexual Responses

Sexual response cycle is the term used to describe the changes that occur in the
body as men and women become sexually aroused. The cycle is divided into four phases,
namely excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

1. Excitement – this is when the body gets ready for sexual activity. In this phase, males
may experience an increase in heart rate, muscle tension, increase in breathing,
erection of penis and nipples, tightening of scrotum, and release of pre-ejaculation fluid.
For females, they may experience the swelling of the clitoris and release of lubricating
fluid.
2. Plateau – during this phase, intensified breathing, high blood pressure, and faster heart
rate may be experienced as well as muscle contraction in the face, feet, and hands. For
 males, testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum. For females, continued swelling of
the vagina is experienced and the clitoris becomes very sensitive.
3. Orgasm – this is also referred to as the climax of the cycle. During this phase, breathing,
blood pressure, and heart rate are further intensified. Contraction of the muscles of the
face, feet, and hands continues. One or both are breathing heavily and there is
irrepressible and powerful release of sexual tension. For males, the release of semen
occurs. For females, muscle contraction of the vagina is experienced.
4. Resolution – the body gradually returns to its normal level of functioning. Some parts of
the body return to their original size and color. It is also during this phase that fatigue
begins to be felt but the overall sexual activity is also expected to bring a sense of
biological fulfillment.

Understanding the Chemistry of Lust, Attraction, and Attachment

Helen Fisher (1948) of Rutgers University identified three stages of love. These are lust,
attraction, and attachment.

Lust (libido or ser drive) is characterized by the desire for sexual gratification which is
inherent to every living organism. For humans, this is associated with the sex hormones,
testosterone (for males) and estrogen (for females).

Attraction (passionate or possessive love, infatuation) is characterized by the intense

attention given to a desired partner. An individual with a high degree of attraction towards
another person craves for emotional union with that person. Sometimes, when one is
dominated by passion, one ends to do stupid and foolish acts.

This stage is driven by chemicals and hormones like adrenaline, dopamine, and
serotonin.

1. Adrenaline – is released by the body for ‘fight’ or ‘flight’. For instance, after
surprisingly meeting one’s object of affection, this hormone will activate one’s stress
response such as sweating and drying of the mouth.
2. Dopamine – ignites an intense rush of pleasure when released. High level of
neurotransmitter like dopamine causes increased energy, less need for food and
sleep, and focused attention on one’s desired partner.
3. Serotonin – is attributed to ‘falling in love’ as this hormone makes a person think of
his or her desired partner at most times.

Attachment (companionate love) is characterized by the desire of couples to stay

together. A person who is already attached feel comfort and security from his partner. This
phase also includes behaviors anchored on long-term companionship. This stage is driven by
two major hormones, namely oxytocin and vasopressin.

1. Oxytocin (cuddle hormone) – is released during orgasm. The feeling of attachment

becomes more intense after a couple has sexual intercourse.
2. Vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) – is released after sexual intercourse. Scientists
discovered the role of vasopressin in attachment by studying the prairie vole, small
 creatures (like mice) that form monogamous bonds like humans. When male prairie
voles were injected a drug that suppresses vasopressin, they began neglecting their
partners.

What Turns People On and Off

A ‘turn on’ refers to something that someone may find desirable, pleasant, beautiful,
likeable, or any other positive quality. A ‘ turn off’, on the other hand, is the complete opposite.
Turn ons and turn offs usually refer to another person’s physical traits, attributes, attitudes, and
conduct that one may find desirable or not. A person may be turned on if he finds a particular
quality of another person desirable; otherwise, he may be turned off.

For teens, turn ons and turn offs may focus on the physical attributes and personal
qualities of someone from the opposite sex. For young adults and mature adults, turn ons and
turn offs may be associated with sexual activities. Sexual stimulation is often a turn on for it is
part of any sexual activity. Turn ons may also be the sexual acts that one finds desirable and
pleasurable and turn offs may be those acts that are disagreeable. Turn ons and turn offs also
signal sexual responses during sexual activity.

What turns people on and off are qualities and acts that people observe and experience.
It can be the different things that one come in contact with constantly. An individual’s turn ons
and turn offs can simply serve as markers of one’s personality and identity.
Ask yourself:

What turns you on? What turns you off?

-What makes me turn on is At a young age they are helpful in their family, know how to do
their responsibilities, multi-tasking and god-fearing. What makes me turn off is a independent
person, lazy, immature and has no respect.

Is what turns you on or off leading more on physical attributes or the behavioral traits of the
person?

-Yes

How important are these traits in selecting a partner or in entering into a relationship?

-These aspect is important for selecting a partner because she knows the real world, she knows
her responsibilities, she knows how to handle a relationship and She knows how these
relationship will works.

The Diversity of Sexual Behaviors

Sexual behaviors and/or activities may come in the form of masturbation, premarital
sex, marital sex, extramarital sex, heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality.
 Masturbation. This is a sexual act of stimulating one’s own genitals done alone by an
individual. Both men and women masturbate although some studies say that men do the act
more often than women do.

Premarital sex. This refers to the sexual activities people engage in outside of marriage.
For certain religions, this is considered unacceptable for there is a belief that it is only through
marriage that man and woman could partake in sexual activities.

Marital sex. These are sexual activities that happen within the bounds of marriage.
Sexual activities within marriage are accepted for marriage is perceived to be a legal and
symbolic binding of two people who agree to only be with each other.

Extramarital sex. These are sexual activities that married people engage in with people
they are not married to. Extramarital sex happens among people engaged in extramarital
affairs. This is considered unlawful and unacceptable in society for it is a practice of infidelity.

Heterosexuality. As a sexual behavior, heterosexuality happens between persons of the

opposite sex.

Homosexuality. Opposite to heterosexuality, homosexuality, as a sexual behavior, refers

to sexual attraction and activities that happen between two persons of the same sex.

Bisexuality. This refers to sexual behavior of one who engages in sexual acts with
someone from the opposite or same sex.
Ask yourself:

As viewed by philosophy, masturbation is a natural activity. Do you agree or not? What makes
you view it otherwise?

-Yes, Because it is the safer way to reduce the pregnancy.

A lot of reports of premarital and extramarital sex are being reported regardless of their
sexuality. Do these incidents reflect that premarital and extramarital sex is already considered a
norm in the society? Does it imply people engaged in these activities are not bound by their
religious beliefs?

-Many people are doing of these incidents although this incident is a sin in Roman Catholic
region but they are in this religion.

How does society shape the sexuality and sexual behaviors of an individual?

- Since sexuality is expressed in society by socialization and by these socialization they

influence sexual behaviors and they accepted it easily

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) refer to health conditions that are passed on
from one person to another through sexual contact. STDs can be contracted through having
unprotected sex with someone who has STD.
1. HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) – a
spectrum of conditions caused by being infected with HIV. HIV is primarily transmitted
through unprotected sex, contaminated needle exchange, and blood transfusion, and
during pregnancy. AIDS refer to the occurrence of specific diseases due to the
contraction of HIV.
2. Gonorrhea – a bacterial infection of the mucous membranes including the eye, throat,
genitals, and other organs. Usual symptoms in men include secretion of yellowish-white
fluid from the penis and painful urination. For women, they may experience painful
urination with discharge, accompanied by fever, abdominal pain, and pelvic
inflammatory disease.
3. Syphilis – an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacterium called Treponema
pallidum that is transmitted through direct contact with a syphilitic sore on the skin. It
causes sores on the vagina, anus, rectum, even on the lips and mouth. Syphilis is
transmitted not only through sexual activity but also by merely kissing an infected
person. Syphilis may lead to paralysis, crippling, blindness, heart disease, brain and
organ damage, dementia, and even death.
4. Genital herpes – is a viral infection that causes blisters on the genitals. It also causes
itching and a burning sensation on the skin. Unfortunately, there is no cure for genital
herpes, but there are medications to reduce its severity and the frequency of outbreaks.
5. Genital warts – are warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) that grows in the
genital or anal area.
6. Chancroid – is a bacterial infection that causes sores or ulcers on the genitals. Chancroid
sores usually appear at the head of the penis for men and on the labia majora for
women.
7. Pubic lice (crabs) – are very small parasites that infest the genital area which are
primarily spread trough sexual contact. The parasites are attached to the pubic hair and
may even be transmitted with contaminated clothes, bedding, and other items.
8. Scabies – is a skin condition that is caused by infestation of tiny mites called sarcoptes
scabiei. Symptoms of mite invasion include itching and rashes. Similar to other mites,
they lay and hatch egg in human skin. It is usually transmitted through sexual
intercourse and close body contact. These mites cannot jump or fly but sharing of
clothes and other washable items may also lead to transmission.
9. Trichomoniasis – an infection caused by a parasite called trichomonas vaginalis. Men
infected with trichomoniasis may experience itching, genital irritation with discharge,
and painful urination and ejaculation. Women infect with this may also feel itching,
genital soreness and irritation, painful urination with unusual discharge that can be
yellowish or greenish in color.
10. Molluscum contagiosum – another sexually transmitted infection caused by molluscum
contagiosum virus. It is a skin condition characterized by small lumps (molluscum) which
are pearly-white or slightly pink. These lumps, when squeezed, release a white cheesy
fluid. The virus can be transmitted also through skin-to-skin contact and through sharing
of clothes and other personal things.
 11. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) – it is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI) but a
complication resulting from STIs specially Chlamydia and gonorrhea. Women infected
with PID experience inflammation of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. The
disease is caused by bacteria, fungi or parasites.
12. Chlamydia – a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacteria chlamydia
trachomatis that do significant damage to the human reproductive system. Chlamydia
can infect the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra, eyes and throat. Females infected
with chlamydia suffer vaginal discharge with strong smell, difficulty in urinating and pain
during sexual intercourse. Me infected with chlamydia experience discharge from the
penis, difficulty in urinating and swelling of the testicles.

Ask yourself:

What practices do you do to keep your reproductive organs healthy and to prevent acquisition
of sexually transmitted diseases?

-Do not easily engage in sexual activities and Do it in the right time and the right person.

Also, If you cannot stop it use protection and contraceptive.

Methods of Contraception

Since there is no perfect method of contraception, one must take into consideration the
following factors in choosing a particular method of contraception.

1. It should be safe enough. There should be no unwanted side-effect for every individual
using the contraceptive.
2. It should be efficient in averting unwanted pregnancy.
3. It should be simple and easy to use.
4. It should be available at any time.

Some of the recognized methods of family planning are:

1. Folk method
a. Postcoital Douche or Douching – douching is a method used by women to flush
out the vagina with a medicinal solution to remove or destroy the sperm. After
sexual activity, the woman will immediately apply the solution. Some of the
solutions used are water, vinegar, and other commercially available products.
However, this is relatively ineffective because the sperm enters into the cervical
canal within two minutes after ejaculation and such access may occur before the
seminal fluid can be washed off from the vagina. Doctors claim that frequent
douching may affect the natural mucous of the vagina. Moreover, women find it
inconvenient to douche right after intercourse.
 b. Prolonged lactation – this technique used by women is done through breast
feeding their baby for a longer period. Prolonged lactation, according to doctors,
helps delay ovulation.
2. Behavioral contraceptives
Behavioral contraceptives do not need any artificial devices. Pregnancy can be
prevented by altering the natural process of sexual relations, this impending the
union of the egg and sperm cells. However, such methods require a high degree of
motivation for partner or couples to become successful.
a. Rhythm method – the rhythm method is a natural method supported by the
Catholic church. Couples are enjoined to abstain for a certain period while the
woman is fertile. A greater degree of reliability may be obtained if the woman
will keep track of her body temperature every morning. During the menstrual
cycle, the highest recorded body temperature is the time that the woman is most
fertile.
b. Ovulation method – this practice makes use of the observed mucous discharge
from the vagina at the beginning of a woman’s fertile period.
After menstruation, a woman experiences a feeling of dryness in the genital
area. These days are safe. When the woman feels that she is no longer dry, this
means that there is a mucous discharge from the vagina, which normally
appears three days after menstruation, a sign that ovulation will take place.
Sometimes, the woman may only feel the wetness but not actually see it. The
mucous initially appears a sticky, yellow, thread-like substance in very small
quantities. Later on, it becomes thinner, clearer, stretchy, more copious,
assuming the appearance of raw egg white and having a slippery texture as that
of a lubricant. This is the sign of approaching ovulation. All the wet days or
mucous days are unsafe days. All days thereafter are safe whether feeling dry or
wet until the start of the next menstruation.
Therefore, before ovulation, as long as there is mucous discharge, it is unsafe to
have sexual intercourse. This is because the mucous is necessary for the survival
of the sperm cells as it nourishes the semen inside the woman’s body from three
to five days.
c. Withdrawal or coitus interruptus – this is a process wherein the man, during
sexual intercourse, withdraws the penis out of the vagina before orgasm.
d. Coitus reservatus – this is a practice in which the man withholds ejaculation and
let the erection subside inside the vagina.

There are other behavioral contraceptive methods such as oral or anal sex but these are
considered forms of perversion.

3. Mechanical contraceptives

There are mechanical contraceptives of different forms that act as barriers to prevent
the sperm from entering the uterus, thereby preventing pregnancy.
 a. Condom – the condom is a thin material made of rubber used during sexual
activity. The man wears the condom on his penis to prevent the sperm from
entering the vagina. Most doctors usually recommend the use of condom to men
who are sexually active to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases
(STDs).
b. Diaphragm – this is a shallow rubber cup inserted into the vagina. The
diaphragm is coated with spermicidal cream or jelly to prevent the entry of
sperm into the uterus. After intercourse, the diaphragm should not be removed
for at least eight hours. The diaphragm can be inserted by the woman alone
without any assistance.
c. Cervical caps – these are fitted over the cervix by a doctor. Usually, cervical caps
can be worn for a month starting after menstruation uo to the onset of the next
menstruation.
4. Chemical contraceptives

Chemical contraceptives, better known as spermicides, are used to prevent pregnancy

by stopping the sperm from entering the uterus.

a. Vaginal suppositories or capsules – a suppository is a small, bullet-shaped

dosage form containing chemicals used in destroying the sperm cells. It is
inserted into the vagina to melt before sexual intercourse.
b. Contraceptive jellies, creams, and vaginal foams – these are applied onto the
vagina shortly before sexual intercourse. Vaginal foams are packaged with
butane propellant in a bottle or are sold with plastic applicators. These
spermicides immobilize and kill the sperms. They are effective for an hour as
long as the vagina will not be douched or washed six hours after intercourse.
According to some doctors, the most effective spermicide is the vaginal foam.
The vaginal foam effectively covers the wall of the vagina with a thick film of
foam that prevent the sperm from entering the uterus.

5. Intrauterine Devices

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small device of polyethylene plastic or thin copper wire
inserted into the uterus by a physician. IUD includes the coil, the loop and the Cooper T
that are used to avoid pregnancy. IUD has a nylon trail which can be felt at the cervical
opening.

6. Pills

Taking pills is completely dissociated from the sexual act. The pill renders the woman
infertile. She does not need to think about pregnancy. When taken exactly as
prescribed, the pill is almost 100% effective. The pill contains hormones which prevent
conception by inhibiting the ovaries from releasing egg cells.
 The development of the oral contraceptive pill is viewed as another modern medical
miracle. In contemporary society where there is a tendency to regard drugs as a
panacea for everything, from insomnia, headache, to even boredom, it would be wise
for a woman to remember that even medical miracles have their drawbacks. Oral
contraceptives are powerful and effective drugs, but the have side effects on some users
and should not be used at all by some women.

7. Sterilization

Sterilization or surgery is done with comparative ease and is virtually 100% effective.
Sterilization of the male is achieved through vasectomy and sterilization of the female is
through tubal ligation.

Vasectomy is a relatively simple procedure in which the vas deferens, the tube through
which sperms are transported, is tied off or cauterized, causing the sperm to be
reabsorbed by the body instead of becoming part of the semen.

Tubal ligation is a major surgical procedure in which the woman is put under general
anesthesia, a large abdominal incision is made and the fallopian tubes are cut and tied
off. Ovulation and menstruation continue as usual but the ripened egg cannot enter the
uterus. Instead, it disintegrates and is absorbed by the body.

8. Injectables

Injectables re one of the latest forms of contraception. This contraceptive is injected in a

woman to inhibit ovulation. An injection usually lasts for three months.
Ask yourself:

Can we associate the lack of awareness on contraceptive methods to the increase in unwanted
pregnancy?

-No, because we can reduce the unwanted pregnancy by using contraceptive methods but we
can control it by controlling ourselves and teaching young generation and organize a activity or
seminars.

IV. Summary/Key
Points 
 It has been believed that the sex hormones of humans define the sex (male or female)
and their secondary sexual characteristics. It influences the way we treat ourselves and others.
However, our society or the external environment also helps in shaping ourselves. It is a factor
that determines our sexuality.

Different methods of contraception are discussed which prevent pregnancy and the
spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Knowledge of these concepts will lead us to take better
care of ourselves.

V. End of Module
Assessment (EMA)

Write your answer.

1. What is the body system responsible for the procreation of humankind?
-Reproductive System
2. What do you call the period of life when the reproductive organs grow to their adult size
and become functional under the influence of the rising levels of gonadal hormones?
-Puberty
3. What is the period in a woman when ovulation and menstruation stop, impending
pregnancy entirely?
-Menopause
4. This refers to the parts of the body that are primarily receptive and increase sexual
arousal when touched in a sexual manner.
-Erogenous Zone
5. It is any activity the induces sexual arousal.
- Sexual Activity
6. What is the phase of sexual response where the climax is reached?
- Phase 3
7. What is another term for lust or sex drive which is defined by Freud as a form of internal
psychic energy?
-Libido
8. What is the sexual behavior that can be done by an individual to oneself?
-Bisexuality
9. What is one of the leading STDs worldwide that attacks the immune system?
-Sexual Activity
10. What is the most commercialized method of contraception that prevents STIs and can
be bought over-the-counter?
-Condom
 VI. Looking Ahead

The second stage of love is attraction. This is characterized by too much attention given
to a desired partner. Have you experienced being attracted to another person? Describe your
feeling during this stage of love. If you have not experienced being attracted to another person,
what do you think is the feeling of being attracted to another person?

VII. Self and Module

Evaluation 

Rate your learning experience in using this module according to the following scale.
Put a check mark on your response.
• 4 – I learned a lot from this module.
• 3 – I learned just right.
• 2 – I still need guidance on certain topics.
• 1 – I did not understand anything.

VIII. References

Corpuz, R., Estoque, R. & Tabolado, C. (2019). Understanding the Self. Quezon City:
C&E Publishing, Inc.
 Alata, E. J., Bernardo, N. C. Jr., Serafica, J. P. & Pawilen, R. A. (2019). Understanding
the Self, 1st Ed. Manila: Rex Book Store.