Laboratory Exercise 8

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb

a. Match the bone names or markings in the key with the leader lines in the figure. (Some
terms may be used more than once.)
Key:
acromion capitulum carpals
clavicle coracoid process coronoid fossa
coronoid process of ulna deltoid tuberosity greater tubercle
humerus lateral epicondyle medial epicondyle
metacarpals phalanges radial tuberosity
radius scapula styloid process
subscapular fossa trochlea ulna
Coracoid Process

Acromion Clavicle

Greater Tubercle
Subscapular Fossa

Scapula

Deltoid Tuberosity

Humerus

Lateral Epicondyle Coronoid Fossa

Capitulum Medial Epicondyle

Trochlea
Coronoid Process of Ulna

Radial Tuberosity

Radius Ulna

Styloid Process of Ulna

Styloid
Carpals
process
of Radius
Metacarpals

Phalanges
b. Match the bone names or markings in column B with the descriptions in column A. (Some
terms may be used more than once, and some terms may not be used.)

Column A
Deltoid Tuberosity 1. raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle
attaches
Humerus 2. arm bone
Scapula, Clavicle 3. bones of the shoulder girdle
Ulna, Radius 4. forearm bones
Acromion 5. scapular region to which the clavicle connects
Scapula 6. shoulder girdle bone that is unattached to the axial skeleton
Clavicle 7. shoulder girdle bone that articulates with and transmits forces to the bony
thorax
Glenoid Cavity 8. depression in the scapula that articulates with the humerus
Coracoid Process 9. process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment
Clavicle 10.the “collarbone”
Trochlea 11. distal condyle of the humerus that articulates with the ulna
Ulna 12. medial bone of forearm in anatomical position
Capitulum 13. rounded knob on the humerus; articulates with the radius
Coronoid Fossa 14. anterior depression, superior to the trochlea, that receives part of the
ulna when the forearm is flexed
Ulna 15. forearm bone involved in formation of the elbow joint
Carpals 16. wrist bones
Phalanges 17. finger bones
Metacarpals 18. heads of these bones form the knuckles

Column B
Acromion capitulum carpals
Clavicle coracoid process coronoid fossa
deltoid tuberosity glenoid cavity humerus
metacarpals olecranon fossa olecranon process
phalanges radial tuberosity radius
scapula sternum styloid process
trochlea ulna

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

a. Use terms from the key to identify the bones and bone markings on this illustration of a coxal
bone.
Key: Iliac Rest
acetabulum Ilium
anterior superior iliac spine greater sciatic notch
iliac crest ilium ischial spine ischial tuberosity ischium Anterior
obturator foramen pubis Greater Superior
b. Match the terms in the key with the appropriate Sciatic Iliac Spine
leader lines on the diagram of the femur. Also decide Notch
whether this bone is a right or left bone.
Acetabulum
Ischial Spine

Ischial Tuberosity
Pubis
Ischium
Obturator Foramen
Key:
gluteal tuberosity greater trochanter head of femur
intercondylar fossa intertrochanteric crest lateral condyle
lesser trochanter medial condyle neck of femur

Greater Trochanter

Head of Femur

Neck of Femur Intertrochanteric Crest

Lesser Gluteal Tuberosity

Trochanter

Medial
Condyle Lateral Condyle
Intercondylar
Fossa
c. Match the bone names and markings in the key with the leader lines in the figure.
Key:
acetabulum (rim) calcaneus femur
fibula greater trochanter ilium
ischium lateral condyle lateral malleolus
lesser trochanter medial condyle medial malleolus
metatarsals neck of femur patella
phalanges pubic symphysis pubis
sacroiliac joint talus tarsals
tibia tibial tuberosity

Sacroiliac Joint Ilium

Acetabulum (rim)
Neck of Femur Pubic Symphysis
Greater Trochanter
Pubic

Ischium
Lesser Trochanter
Femur

Patella

Lateral Condyle Medial Condyle

Tibial Tuberosity

Fibula Tibia

Lateral Malleolus Medial Malleolus

Calcaneus
Talus
Tarsals

Metatarsals

Phalanges
15. Match the bone names or markings in column B with the descriptions in column A. (Some
terms may be used more than once, and some terms may not be used.)

Column A Column B
Ilium, Ischium, Pubis 1. fuse to form the coxal bone acetabulum
Ischium 2. “sit-down” bone of the coxal bone femur
Pubic Symphysis 3. point where the coxal bones join anteriorly fibula
Iliac Crest 4. superior most margin of the coxal bone gluteal tuberosity
Acetabulum 5. deep socket in the coxal bone that receives calcaneus
the head of the thigh bone greater sciatic notch
Sacroiliac Joint 6. joint between axial skeleton and pelvic girdle greater and lesser
trochanters
Femur 7. longest, strongest bone in body iliac crest
Fibula 8. thin lateral leg bone ilium
Tibia 9. heavy medial leg bone femur
Femur, Tibia 10. bones forming knee joint ischium
Tibial Tuberosity 11. point where the patellar ligament attaches ischial tuberosity
Patella 12. kneecap lateral malleolus
Tibia 13. shinbone medial malleolus
Medial Malleolus 14. medial ankle projection metatarsals
Lateral Malleolus 15. lateral ankle projection obturator foramen
Talus, Calcaneus 16. the two largest tarsal bones pubic symphysis
Tarsals 17. ankle bones patella
Metatarsals 18. bones forming the instep of the foot pubis
Obturator Foramen 19. opening in hip bone formed by the sacroiliac joint
pubic and ischial rami talus
Gluteal Tuberosity, tarsals
Greater and Lesser 20. sites of muscle attachment on the
proximal femur
Talus 21. tarsal bone that “sits” on the calcaneus tibia
Tibia 22. weight-bearing bone of the leg tibial tuberosity
Talus 23. tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia

Types of Joints
a. Use the key terms to identify the joint types described below.
Key: cartilaginous fibrous synovial

Cartilaginous 1. typically allow a slight degree of movement

Cartilaginous 2. include joints between the vertebral bodies and the pubic symphysis
Fibrous 3. essentially immovable joints
Fibrous 4. sutures are the most remembered examples
Cartilaginous 5. cartilage connects the bony portions
_________________6. have a fibrous articular capsule lined with a synovial membrane
surrounding a joint cavity
Synovial 7. all are freely movable or diarthrotic
 Fibrous 8. bone regions are united by fibrous connective tissue
Synovial 9. include the hip, knee, and elbow joints

b. Match the joint subcategories in column B with their descriptions in column A and place an
asterisk (*) beside all choices that are examples of synovial joints. (Some terms may be used
more than once.)

Column A Column B
Suture 1. joint between most skull bones ball-and-socket
Pivot 2. joint between the axis and atlas condylar
Ball-and-Socket 3.hip joint plane
Condylar 4. joint between forearm bones and wrist hinge
Hinge 5. elbow pivot
Hinge 6. interphalangeal joints saddle
Plane 7. intercarpal joints suture
Condylar 8. joint between the skull and vertebral symphysis
column
Condylar 9. joints between proximal phalanges syndesmosis
and metacarpal bones
Ball-and-Socket 10. multiaxial joint

Complete the descriptions below the diagrams by inserting the type of movement in each answer
blank.

a. Flexion at the elbow Abduction b. of the upper limb

c. Abduction of the upper limb Extension d. at the knee
e. Circumduction of the lower limb
f. Inversion of the foot
g. Rotation of the head
h. Pronation of the forearm