9

Physical Education
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Sports Officiating
Physical Education – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode: Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Sports Officiating
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work
for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the
payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials
from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent
nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education, Caraga Region

Schools Division Office of Surigao City

Schools Division Superintendent: Karen L. Galanida

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Florence E. Almaden

Development Team of the Module

Writer : Sixteen C. Liquido
Editor : Angelie D. Echin
Reviewers : Tessie C. Dolores, Ava Pacot
Illustrator : Lady Faith D. Reroma, Neil W. Maca, Achilles C. Zerda
Layout Artist : Joshua A. Frondozo
Management Team : Karen L. Galanida
Florence E. Almaden
Carlo P. Tantoy
Noemi D. Lim
Tessie C. Dolores
Paul Andrew A. Tremedal
Laarni C. Micayas

Printed in the Philippines by the Schools Division Office of Surigao City

Office Address: M. Ortiz Street, Barangay Washington

Surigao City, Surigao del Norte, Philippines
Telephone: (086) 826-1268; (086) 826-3075; (086) 826-8931
E-mail Address: surigao.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Physical Education
Quarter 1 – Module 1
Sports Officiating
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Physical Education – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM): Self
Learning Module (SLM) Module on Sports Officiating!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:
Welcome to Physical Education - Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM): Self
Learning Module (SLM) on Sports Officiating!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

iii
 Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Do not forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the nature of Physical Education. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level
of students.

The module is composed of three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1– Basic First Aid
 Lesson 2- Types, Treatments, and Prevention of Sports Injuries
 Lesson 3- Roles and Functions of Officiating Officials

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. explain the importance of first aid before and during physical activity;

2. illustrate how to perform first aid during emergency situations in physical

activity and sports setting; and

3. Understand roles and functions of officiating officials.

1
 What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. What system in sports is used to maintain order and fairness in implementing rules?
A. Sports Officiating C. Sports Science
B. Sports Psychology D. Sports Youth

2. In games which require the official to run continuously, what fitness component
should the official possess?
A. Balance C. Endurance
B. Power D. Strength

3. For sports officials to have lean muscles, what type of food should they eat?
A. Carbohydrates C. Fats
B. Iron D. Protein

4. Hydration is important in officiating especially in running continuously for long

minutes. Sports officials do not have the luxury of a time out. If they want to hydrate
their body, what is the best drink to take?
A. Energy drinks C. Soft drinks
B. Sports drinks D. Water

5. What lifestyle-related disease will an official have if he/she continues to smoke and
eat without cholesterol-rich foods?
A. Cancer C. Diabetes
B. Heart Disease D. Stroke

6. Sports officials mostly use their arms for signaling. What fitness component will be
developed with this regular movement?
A. Cardio Vascular Endurance C. Flexibility
B. Muscular Endurance D. Muscular Strength

7. What does RICE stand for?

A. Rest, Intelligence, Cough, Elevation
B. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
C. Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Energy
D. Run, Interest, Cold, Energy

2
8. It is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and collapse due to
inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss of fluids during sweating.
A. Sprain C. Dislocation
B. Strain D. Heat Exhaustion

9. What should you do if a person sprains their ankle?

A. apply heat C. apply ice for 20 minutes
B. apply ice directly on skin D. walk it off

10. What are sports injuries?

A. refer to the kinds of injuries that least common occur during sports or
exercise
B. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sleeping
C. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sports or
exercise
D. refer to the kinds of injuries that least unusual occur during sports or
exercise

11. Why people will suffer from sport injury?

A. poor training practices C. good conditioning
B. appropriate equipment D. sufficient warmup and stretching

12. Aside from improper eating habits, what habit also causes diabetes?
A. Genetics C. Jogging
B. Environment D. Sedentary Lifestyle

13. Officiating has a high physical demand, especially in sports like basketball, soccer
and combative sports. What should the referee do PRIOR to doing his/her
officiating task?
A. Warm up C. Dynamic Stretching
B. Static Stretching D. Instantly proceed with officiating

14. What is the BEST value that a sports official must possess?
A. Fairness C. Unjust
B. Punctuality D. All of the above

15. A sport activity played by three (3) or more players per team.
A. Team Sports C. Dual sports
B. Individual Sports D. Mixed game

3
 Lesson
Basic First Aid
1
“Prevention is better than cure.” Practicing this principle advocates safety awareness
which is essential in achieving quality of life. But our immediate environment poses
danger to everyone. No place is considered safe not even in the comfort of our homes.
Accidents may happen to anybody at any place, at any time. Thus, taking the right safety
measures greatly helps prevent accidents and injuries. Nevertheless, when accidents
happen, it is important to have the knowledge and skills to deal with them. Having
knowledge and skills on safety education and injury prevention could help you, your
loved ones and other people in your community during emergency situations.

Always remember that if you want to live happily, you have to:
 do things safely,
 reduce the risk of accidents,
 reduce unnecessary risk taking, and
 develop safety consciousness at all times

What’s In

Activity 1: FIT or UNFIT

Directions: Write FIT if the statement relates to the characteristics of a physically fit
individual and UNFIT if the statement is the opposite.

1. Can perform daily activities without fatigue (getting tired easily).

2. Has normal BMI (Body Mass Index).

3. Is always stressed and has no leisure.

4. Is sickly and weak.

5. Has reserved energy for emergencies

4
 What’s New

Activity 1: Word Scrabble

Directions: Let’s play a brain teasing fun game called “Word Scrabble.” Find words
from the jumbled letters that refer to components associated with first aid
and officiating. The words are interconnected and placed either vertically,
horizontally, or diagonally. Write these words in your activity notebook and
try to define each.

I C E L K N E E F R
S P F R A C T U R E
T P R O L O N G T L
R E L E V A T E Y I
A C O M P R E S S F
I O N R E S T T U E
N S H E A T D S V X
V S P R A I N A B G
F I R S T A I D E W

Activity 2: Fix Me I’m Broken (First Aid Thoughts)

What will you do if the following situations happened to you?

__________________ ____________________

___________________________

5
 What is It

First aid is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured
or suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical assistance is not
available or delayed.

Objectives of First Aid:

 to alleviate suffering,
 to prevent added/further injury or danger, and
 to prolong life

Trained first aiders apply a range of procedures and techniques that offer care when
accidents and injuries occur, often making the difference between life and death during
high-risk, low-frequency emergencies. More than ever, first aid intervention is a valuable
link in the life saving chain, where casualties are addressed and monitored prior to the
arrival of emergency services personnel.
Basic principles of first aid include:
 Safe response to emergencies for the benefit of casualties, bystanders and
rescuers;
 Securing the emergency site to reduce further harm to the casualty;
 Using appropriate first aid procedures and techniques; and
 Safely moving the casualty, minimizing pain and helping stabilize the condition

The importance of first aid is hard to overestimate. Among the major benefits of first
aid are the following:
 Providing quick medical treatment until professional assistance arrives;
 First aid helps ensure that the right methods of administering medical assistance
are provided;
 Knowledge in first aid also benefits the individuals themselves; and
 It affords people with the ability to provide help during various emergency situations

6
Common Injuries Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes

SPRAIN HEAT EXHAUSTION

A sprain is caused by torn Heat exhaustion is a response
fibers in a ligament. Swelling to heat characterized by
and bruising are some signs fatigue, weakness and
and symptoms. collapse due to inadequate
intake of water to compensate
for loss of fluids during
sweating.
FIRST AID

● Have the victim lie down with FIRST AID

his/her feet elevated; ●Remove any clothing or
● Keep the victim cool; jewelry around the joint;
● Give him/her electrolyte ● Apply cold compress at
beverages to sip or make a once;
salted drink; ● Elevate the affected joint;
● Monitor the victim for signs and
of shock; ● The victim’s physician may
● If the victim starts having recommend an over the
seizures, protect him/her from counter anti-inflammatory
injury and give first aid for medication (aspirin, ibuprofen)
convulsions; and appropriate for the victim’s
● If the victim loses general health.
consciousness, give first aid
Source: Philippine National Red Cross Safety
for unconsciousness. Services. (1999). Philippine Red Cross
Standard First Aid.

Injuries, while hopefully infrequent, are often an unavoidable part of sport participation.
While most injuries can be managed with little to no disruption in sport participation and
other activities of daily living, some impose a substantial physical and mental burden.
Physical activity is an important part of maintaining overall health. However, certain
precautions should be taken to minimize the risk of sports injuries. Using the correct
equipment and maintaining equipment can help prevent sports injuries. Wearing the
recommended protective gear can help shield the body against injury. Resting between
workouts gives the body time to rest and repair. Starting activity slowly and gradually
increasing strength, flexibility, and endurance gives muscles, bones, and other tissues
the opportunity to adapt to more difficult workouts, minimizing the risk of injury.

7
 Lesson Types, Treatments, and Prevention of
2 Sports Injuries

Other serious injuries that require immediate care or first aid include:

Sprains vs. Strains

A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of
connective tissues that joins the end of one bone with
another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall or a
blow to the body that knocks a joint out of position and, in
the worst case, ruptures the supporting ligaments. Areas of
the body most vulnerable to sprains are ankles, knees and
wrists. Signs of a sprain include varying degrees of
tenderness or pain, bruising, inflammation, swelling, inability
to move a limb or joint or joint looseness, laxity or instability.
A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon - a cord
of tissue connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from
overstretching or over-contraction. Symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle spasm
and loss of strength. While it is hard to tell the difference between mild and moderate
strains, severe strains not treated professionally can cause damage and loss of function.

Home treatment for sprains and strains

Minor sprains and strains can be treated at home using the following measures. Start
treatment as soon as possible to reduce swelling and speed up recovery. The less
swelling, the more blood can get to the injured part to start the repair process. Consider
the following:

 Apply the R.I.C.E. method;

 Do not apply heat during the first two days as this will only increase swelling;
 Use paracetamol for the first day of the injury, to reduce pain without increasing
bleeding. Thereafter, ibuprofen (or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatories) or
aspirin is a good choice. Do not give aspirin to a child younger than 16 years; and
 After 48 hours, start moving the limb gently, but only enough not to cause pain
Strains usually heal in about a week. Sprains may take up to three weeks to heal.

8
Knee Injuries
Because of its complex structure and weight-bearing capacity,
the knee is the most commonly injured joint. Knee injuries can
range from mild to severe. Less severe would be tendinitis,
patella femoral compression syndrome, iliotibial band
syndrome and bursitis, to name a few. Major injuries are
common to the Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Meniscus
injuries, Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), Medial collateral
ligament (MCL) and the Lateral collateral ligament (LCL). Knee
injuries can result from a blow or twist to the knee, from
improper landing after a jump or from running too hard, too
much or without proper warm up.

Source: Common Knee Injuries -orthoinfo.aaos.org

Fractures
A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a
quick, one-time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from
repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture).
The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the
site that worsens with weight bearing activities. Tenderness and
swelling often accompany the pain. This is very important for
the coaches to recognize and refer the athlete to the trainers or
the team physicians.

Treatment for fracture

 Apply the R.I.C.E method; and
 Keep the limb in the position you found it and place soft padding around the broken
bones. Splint the injury with something rigid, such as rolled up newspaper or
magazines, to prevent the bones from shifting. Don't move the broken bones.

Dislocations
When the two bones that come together to form a joint become
separated, the joint is described as being dislocated. Contact
sports such as football, basketball and lacrosse, as well as high
impact sports that can result in excessive stretching or falling,
cause the majority of dislocations. A dislocated joint is an
emergency situation that requires medical treatments.

9
Prevention
Many exercise-induced injuries can be prevented. Do not be a "weekend warrior". Get
yourself into shape gradually with a graded exercise programme. Listen to your body.
Warm up properly and cool off after exercising. Use proper equipment and the correct
technique.

R.I.C.E method
Rest the injured part, especially for the first 24 to
48 hours after the injury – this is the most critical
time of treatment. Avoid any activity that causes
pain or makes it worse. Use crutches if the leg,
foot or ankle is injured. Support an injured wrist,
arm or shoulder with a sling. Tape an injured toe
or finger to its healthy neighbor.

Ice is an excellent anti-inflammatory and reduces swelling and pain. Apply an ice pack
or cold compress for 10 to 15 minutes as soon as possible after an injury. Repeat each
hour for the first three (3) to four (4) hours, then four (4) times a day for the next two (2)
to three (3) days. Protect your skin with a thin cloth. If ice packs are not available, a
packet of frozen vegetables in a cloth will do.
Compression also reduces swelling. Use elastic bandages for at least two (2) days.
Check that the bandage is snug, but not too tight. Take the bandage off at night.

Elevation drains fluids from injured tissues. Elevate the injured area whenever you are
sitting or lying down. Try to keep the injured area at or above the level of the heart.
Sources:

 http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/ankle-sprain-treatment
 http://hssportsblog.projo.com/2006/10/sprains_strains_and_dislocatio.html
 http://www.health24.com/Fitness/Sports-injuries/Sprains-strains-fractures-and-dislocations-20120721

Processing Activity:
1. Injuries may happen anytime, anywhere. List at least three (3) factors that can
cause injuries. Explain why they can lead to injuries.

2. How important is knowledge and skills in applying appropriate first aid techniques
to an injured officiating official or athlete?

10
 Lesson
Roles and Functions of Officiating Officials
3
The role of an official is very crucial in a sporting endeavor. He defines the success or
failure of a certain physical activity. It is therefore necessary for an aspiring officiating
official to possess a number of qualities for him to meet the goal of having a satisfying,
complain-free, impartial, and successful game. The following are some of the qualities
to be considered:

1. Physical Qualities;
2. Emotional Qualities;
3. Mental Qualities; and
4. Social Qualities

Physical Qualities

These qualities refer to the physical attributes of an officiating official. Since an officiating
official needs to catch up with every detail of what the athletes or players do on court,
he needs to have a high level of fitness to be able to perform his job. To determine his
level of fitness he or she has to consider the following:

Physical Fitness

As has been defined in preceding modules in Physical Education, physical fitness is the
capacity of an individual to perform his or her daily tasks without undue fatigue and still
has extra energy for recreation and emergencies. Several ways to determine one’s
fitness which are basis in improving include:

 Body Mass Index;

 PMHR and THR (Personal Maximal Heart Rate and Training Heart Rate);
 Fitness or Exercise Program; and
 Nutrition and weight management

Emotional Qualities

These qualities refer to the emotional readiness of an officiating official to perform his
or her role in a game. He or she might have mastered all the rules and possesses a
high level of fitness but if the emotional attributes do not warrant him or her to perform
the duties and responsibilities of an officiating official, failure is expected. Emotional
attributes that an officiating official should possess include confidence. It is having belief
in oneself.

11
Mental Qualities

Just as physical and emotional qualities are essential, mental characteristics are also
equally necessary. Mental toughness is the term used to refer to all of the qualities
pertaining to one’s mental preparations in officiating a game. To be mentally tough
requires one to stay focused, regulate one’s performance, ability to handle pressure,
awareness and control of thoughts and feelings and one’s command and control of the
environment.

Social Qualities

Social qualities refer to the ability to deal with others at any given situation. Complaints
are inevitable in a game. It is the ability of an officiating official to settle disputes without
sacrificing the integrity of a game and the officiating team. To develop such qualities
requires practice just as the emotional qualities do.

Source: http://www.lancssundayleague.co.uk/downloads/FA%20Referees%20Fitness%20Guide.pdf

Processing Activity:
1. Considering the previous readings on the qualities of an officiating official, draw on
a piece of paper the picture of your ideal officiating official.

2. Explain your work.

Referees’ Hand Signals:

Basketball

Walking or traveling Jump Ball Illegal or double dribble Half-court violation

Five second violation Carrying or Palming the ball 30 second time out No Score

Pushing Blocking Holding Technical foul or "T" Start Clock

Source: basketball hand signals-www.nba.com

12
Volleyball

The following contains descriptions of the Official FIVB (International Volleyball

Federation) Referee’s hand signals that we will be using. Basics to remember are:

 All one-handed signals are made with the hand toward the side of the team which
made the error or request; and
 Immediately after a rally is over, the hand signal “Team to Serve” and a point is
always indicated FIRST to the team who earned the next service and point.

Source: picstopin.com

Football

Source: www.thefootballgirl.com

13
Processing Questions:
1. Why is there a need to give specific and immediate calls when officiating a game?

2. How can one improve his or her officiating skills in terms of exactness and
immediacy? Are the roles of the officiating officials necessary in the smooth
conduct of the games? Justify your answer.

The Ethical and Legal Standards of Officiating

Source: Bill Koch; BC Athletics Official Ethics and Guidelines for Conduct, 2011

Be a benefit and cause no harm

A primary value of officiating is to provide a benefit to those with whom one interacts in
the competition area (athletes, coaches, spectators, volunteers, and other officials). A
related value is to do no harm.

Officials shall:
 Conduct the event according to the rules with the welfare of the athlete in mind;
and
 Strive to benefit each athlete in events he/she officiates. This includes helping very
young athletes to understand relevant rules (e.g., correct starting stance in sprints),
helping with equipment (e.g., starting blocks, throwing implements) and helping
athletes at all ages achieve their best possible results.

Officials shall not:

 Intentionally disadvantage an athlete because of previous bad experiences with
the athlete, his/her coach or parent.
 Disqualify an athlete from an event without serious consideration of alternatives
(e.g., warnings).

Be accurate and responsible

These values mean that officials should strive for accuracy and consistency in their
officiating actions, as well being dependable and trustworthy in their work as officials.

Officials shall:
 Arrive in good time for the competition and report immediately to the official in
charge; and
 Be fully prepared to do the job assigned to them.

Officials shall not:

 Purposely evade responsibility for officiating errors; and
 Alter competition records to reflect inaccurate results.

14
Be supportive to other participants and loyal to sport organizations

Officials should exhibit loyalty and politeness towards BC Athletics, Athletics Canada,
and other organizations to which the official belongs or is representing in the context of
a competition.

Officials shall:
 Speak to and about athletes, other officials, volunteers, coaches and
representatives of sport organizations with customary politeness.

Officials shall not:

 Publicly disparage athletic organizations (e.g., clubs, schools, BC Athletics,
Athletics Canada) or other participants.

Act with integrity

Integrity refers to firm adherence to an ethical code as well as to the absence of

impairment or disability. This implies that officials will (a) not allow their judgment to be
adversely influenced by personal loyalties or personal gain, (b) will adhere whenever
possible to the specifics of this ethical code, and (c) will avoid officiating when their
mental or physical competence may be impaired (e.g., through physical illness,
emotional distress, or some other personal limitation).

Officials shall:
 Recognize when he/she has a conflict of interest in an event he/she is officiating
and will take reasonable steps to eliminate such conflicts (e.g., have a different
official start a race in which his/her own family member or athlete is performing).

Officials shall not:

 Act to the advantage of athletes or clubs to which he/she has a personal
connection;
 Purposefully act against any of the values listed in this code of conduct.

Act with fairness

Fairness refers to performing one’s duties in an unbiased manner. This implies that
officials will act in a manner that does not create advantage or disadvantage to any
athlete or club.

Officials shall:
 Perform evaluations for other officials, when requested, in an objective way and
without friendships or personal differences in mind; and
 Provide the same quality of advice or benefit of the doubt when dealing with
athletes, independent of any friendships or other personal relationships.

15
Officials shall not:
 Knowingly, and with available alternatives, make critical decisions in an event in
which they have a personal stake (e.g., an athlete for whom the official is a coach
or family member).

Show respect for participants’ rights and dignity

Officials have the duty to respect individual athletes or other parties at

competitions, independent of cultural, ethnic, gender, age, or other characteristics of the
individual that may set the other person apart from the official’s own background and
sense of familiarity.

Officials shall:
 Respect the dignity of athletes, other officials and volunteers, coaches, and
spectators; and
 Work in a spirit of cooperation with other officials and not interfere in any way with
their responsibilities.

Officials shall not:

 Harass others (officials, athletes, coaches, etc.). Harassment involves engaging in
any improper behavior toward another person that one knows or ought to know
would be unwelcome. Harassing behaviors can include written or verbal abuse or
threats, unwelcome jokes, remarks or taunts.

Adhere to legal standards

This means obeying the law (e.g., criminal code of Canada, human rights codes, and
IAAF or other rules of competition).

Officials shall:
 Willingly and promptly consent to a criminal record search as required by the sports
organization; and
 Report criminal acts to a legal authority

Processing questions:
1. What ethical and standards shall not be violated by referees?
2. What do you think are the reasons of the referees for doing these actions?
3. If you were the referee, what would you do?
4. In what other real-life situations can the values in officiating be applied?

16
 What’s More

Activity 1: If I were a…
Directions: Inside the box are the characteristics and values of an official. Review
them properly. Then answer the questions that follow.

SUPPORTIVE RESPECTFUL HEALTHY

LIFESTYLE ACCURATE RESPONSIBLE
INTEGRITY HONESTY FAIRNESS
LOYALTY

1. If you were an official, which of the values and characteristics should you possess
for the rest of your life? Why?

2. Which of the values and characteristics is the most important for an official to
possess? Why?

Activity 2: “Emergency! Emergency! What will I do?”

Directions: Write down your immediate actions to the situations presented in the table.

Situation Immediate action to be taken

Your grandfather slips in the comfort room

and cannot move his right arm anymore.

Your friend falls down the stairs from the

second floor and cannot hardly stand.

A player after rebounding accidentally slips

and loses his balance and hits his head on
the ground

17
 What I Have Learned

Activity 1: Sentence Completion

Directions: Complete the statements by supplying the correct terms for the
parentheses.

The aims of first aid are to preserve 1. _________ (love, life) prevent harm, and promote
recovery. In first aid, ABC stands for airway, breathing, and 2.
____________(calculation, circulation). The recovery position helps minimize further
injury. CPR stands for cardiopulmonary 3. ________________ (recolection,
resuscitation). It helps maintain the flow of oxygenated blood.
4. ____________ (Strain, Sprain) is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of
connective tissues that joins the end of one bone with another. 5. ________ (Ice,
Compress) is an excellent anti-inflammatory and reduces swelling and pain.

The role of an official is very crucial in a sporting endeavor. 6. __________ (An Official,
Manager) defines the success or failure of a certain physical activity. 7.
____________(Emotional, Social) qualities refer to the ability to deal with others at any
given situation. 8. ___________ (Integrity, Respect) refers to firm adherence to an
ethical code as well as to the absence of impairment or disability. 9.
_________________ (Fairness, Kindness) refers to performing one’s duties in an
unbiased manner. A primary value of officiating is to provide a 10.____________
(satisfaction, benefit) to those with whom one interacts in the competition area.
Participation in physical activities such as officiating coupled with healthy lifestyle will
surely lead us to attaining and sustaining a quality and a healthy life.

18
 What I Can Do

Activity 1: Fact or Bluff

Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write the word Fact if the statement is true
and Bluff if the statement is not true.

1. Some rules do not need to be enforced.

2. You have to have played the game to be a good official.
3. Apply a hot compress to a sprained ankle.
4. Being able to administer effective first aid does not simply involve having a first aid
kit on hand.
5. The main treatment on first aid for all sprains and strains is RICE: rest, ice,
compression, and evolution.

Activity 2: Sum It Up!

Directions: In this activity, you will generalize all your learnings in the previous
activities.

1. Review all the readings you had in the previous lessons.

2. Cite a generalization by filling in the blanks to complete the sentences:

a. First aid is _______________________________________________.

b. Through officiating, ____________________________________________

but official must_____________________________________________ in order to

have a healthy and quality life.

19
 Assessment

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.

1. What system in sports is used to maintain order and fairness in implementing rules?
A. Sports Officiating C. Sports Science
B. Sports Psychology D. Sports Youth

2. In games which require the official to run continuously, what fitness component
should the official possess?
A. Balance C. Endurance
B. Power D. Strength

3. For sports officials to have lean muscles, what type of food should they eat?
A. Carbohydrates C. Fats
B. Iron D. Protein

4. Hydration is important in officiating especially in running continuously for long

minutes. Sports officials do not have the luxury of a time out. If they want to hydrate
their body, what's the best drink to take?
A. Energy Drinks C. Soft drinks
B. Sports Drink D. Water

5. What lifestyle-related disease will an official have if he/she continues to smoke and
eat without cholesterol-rich foods?
A. Cancer C. Diabetes
B. Heart Disease D. Stroke

6. Sports officials mostly use their arms for signaling. What fitness component will be
developed with this regular movement?
A. Cardio Vascular Endurance C. Flexibility
B. Muscular Endurance D. Muscular Strength

7. What does RICE stand for?

E. Rest, Intelligence, Cough, Elevation
F. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
G. Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Energy
H. Run, Interest, Cold, Energy

8. It is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and collapse due to

inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss of fluids during sweating.
C. Sprain C. Dislocation
D. Strain D. Heat Exhaustion

20
9. What should you do if a person sprains their ankle?
C. apply heat C. apply ice for 20 minutes
D. apply ice directly on skin D. walk it off

10. What are sports injuries?

A. refer to the kinds of injuries that least common occur during sports or
exercise
B. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sleeping
C. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sports or
exercise
D. refer to the kinds of injuries that least unusual occur during sports or
exercise
11. Why people will suffer from sport injury?
C. poor training practices C. good conditioning
D. appropriate equipment D. sufficient warmup and stretching

12. Aside from improper eating habits, what habit also causes diabetes?
A. Genetics C. Jogging
B. Environment D. Sedentary Lifestyle

13. Officiating has a high physical demand, especially in sports like basketball, soccer
and combative sports. What should the referee do PRIOR to doing his/her
officiating task?
A. Warm up C. Dynamic Stretching
B. Static Stretching D. Instantly proceed with officiating

14. What is the BEST value that a sports official must possess?
A. Fairness C. Unjust
B. Punctuality D. All of the above

15. A sport activity played by 3 or more players per team.

A. Team Sports C. Dual sports
B. Individual Sports D. Mixed game

21
 Additional Activities

Activity 1: Campaign for First Aid Awareness

Directions: Draw a cartoon showing the community’s awareness on the value of first aid
through conducting sports activities.

Criteria: Clarity, Completeness and Creativity

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 1.

Suggested Rubric

Needs Approaching Good Excellent

improvement (1) standards (3) (4)
(2)
Creativity The student does One or two One or two of the
Several of the
not make or graphics or graphics
graphics or or
customize any of objects are made objects reflect
objects used
the items or customized by student
reflect an
the student, but creativity in their
exceptional
the ideas are creation and/or
degree of student
typical rather than display.
creativity in their
creative creation and/or
display
Time and Student put in no Student does Student can Much time and
Effort additional effort. some additional have put in more effort go into the
work at home. time and effort at planning and
home. design.

Accuracy The student\'s The student gives The student The student gives
and ability explanations are a fairly reasonable gives a a reasonable
to defend weak and explanation of reasonable explanation of
work illustrate difficulty how most items explanation of how every item is
in understanding related to the how most items accurate to the
how to relate basis. are related to the basis. the
items to basis. basis. The relationship is
relationship is clear without
clear without explanation.
explanation.

22
 23
What’s New
What I Know (Pre-test) What’s In Activity 1: Word Scramble
2. A Activity 1 Compress Life
3. C Fracture Knee
4. D 1. Fit Rest Elevate
5. D Sprain Heat
6. B 2. Fit First aid Ice
7. C Strain RICE
8. B 3. Unfit Prolong
9. D
4. Unfit
10. C
11. C 5. Fit Activity 2
12. A Note: answers may vary on
13. D learners’ understanding and
14. A assessments
15. A
16. A
What’s More What I Can Do
Activity 1 and 2 Activity 1 Assessment (post-test)
Note: answers vary on learners’ 1. Bluff
understanding and 1. A
2. Bluff
assessments 2. C
3. Bluff
3. D
4. Fact
4. D
5. Bluff
What I Have Learned 5. B
Activity 3 6. C
Activity 2
7. B
1. Life Note: Answers vary on learners’
8. D
2. Circulation understanding and
9.C
3. Resuscitation assessments
10.C
4. Sprain 11.A
5. Ice Additional Activity
12. D
6. Officials Activity 1
13. A
7. Social Note: Answers vary on learners’
14. A
8. Integrity understanding and
15. A
9. Fairness assessments
10. Benefit
Answer Key
References
Books:
Bushman, Barbara. 2011. Complete Guide to Fitness and Health. USA: American
College of Sports Medicine. Pages 268-272

Alias, Ben. 1996. Taat, ISTAF International Referee Course in Conjunction with 1996
World Youth SepakTakraw Championship Seoul Korea.

Galvez Tan, Jaime Z. 2009. The Health Curriculum in Philippine Basic Education, Vol.
2. Quezon City,Philippines : Kenzar Graphics.

Mc Tighe, Jay, Wiggins, Grant. 2004. Understanding by Design: Professional

Development Workbook. Alexandria, Virginia. USA: ASCD.

Websites:
http://www.lancssundayleague.co.uk/downloads/FA%20Referees%20Fitness%20Guid
e.pdf

https://www.eacs.wa.edu.au/2018/05/5-reasons-competitive-sport-important-education

https://job-descriptions.careerplanner.com/Umpires-Referees-and-Other-Sports-
Officials.cfm

24
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office of Surigao City

M. Ortiz Street, Barangay Washington, Surigao City, Surigao del Norte,

Philippines 8400

Telephone: (086) 826-1268; (086) 826-3075: (086) 826-8931

Email Address: surigao.city@deped.gov.ph