CHAPTER 23 Post-Impressionism and the Late Nineteenth Century

Multiple-Choice Questions

1. Two important Post-Impressionist trends were

a. emotion and realism.
b. formalism and figuration.
c. structure and emotion.
d. figuration and abstraction.
Answer: c

2. The Post-Impressionist most known for his posters was

a. Gauguin.
b. Cézanne.
c. van Gogh.
d. Seurat.
e. Toulouse-Lautrec.
Answer: e

3. Generally the French posters of the 19th century were

a. woodblock prints.
b. engravings.
c. etchings.
d. lithographs.
e. photographs.
Answer: d

4. La Goulue was a
a. circus performer.
b. waitress.
c. dancer.
d. restaurant.
e. café.
Answer: c

5. The artist best known for his apples was

a. van Gogh.
b. Cézanne.
c. Cranach.
d. Seurat.
Answer: b

6. The artist known for his crystalline, structured brushstrokes is

a. Van Gogh.
b. Gauguin.
c. Munch.
d. Cézanne.
e. Rousseau.
Answer: d
7. The two Post-Impressionist artists who had a stormy friendship were
a. van Gogh and Cézanne.
b. Cézanne and Zola.
c. Seurat and Munch.
d. Gauguin and van Gogh.
Answer: d

8. La Grande Jatte refers to

a. an island in the Seine.
b. a restaurant in Paris.
c. a large dance-hall in Paris.
d. an overweight French dancer.
Answer: a

9. Which term best describes Seurat’s brushstrokes?

a. blurred
b. divisionist
c. spiraling
d. smooth
Answer: b

10. “Potato eaters” referred to

a. beggars.
b. homeless people.
c. farmers.
d. miners.
e. ministers.
Answer: d

11. Georges Seurat was not an Impressionist because he

a. used broad brushstrokes that conveyed how the world looked to him.
b. used a scientific technique to convey how light was perceived by the eye.
c. embraced the spontaneity of nature and the outdoors.
d. relied on the teachings of Jung to comment on the human condition.
Answer: b

12. The painting technique used by Georges Seurat has been called Neo-Impressionist. What did
Seurat himself refer to it as?
a. Post-Impressionism
b. pointillism
c. Neo-Subjectivism
d. divisionism
Answer: d

13. The artist who copied Hiroshige’s Sudden Shower at Ohashi Bridge at Ataka was
a. van Gogh.
b. Cézanne.
c. Seurat.
d. Manet.
e. Monet.
 Answer: a

14. “Theo” refers to

a. a book by van Gogh.
b. van Gogh’s brother.
c. van Gogh’s father.
d. van Gogh’s son.
e. van Gogh’s art teacher.
Answer: b

15. The Post-Impressionist who painted the most self-portraits was

a. Cézanne.
b. Toulouse-Lautrec.
c. Munch.
d. van Gogh.
e. Seurat.
Answer: d

16. The Post-Impressionist who began as an Impressionist and then identified with the
Symbolists and the Nabis was
a. Cézanne.
b. Toulouse-Lautrec.
c. Munch.
d. Gauguin.
e. van Gogh.
Answer: d

17. The Post-Impressionist known for his paintings of Tahiti was

a. Cézanne.
b. Toulouse-Lautrec.
c. Munch.
d. Gauguin.
e. van Gogh.
Answer: d

18. Oceania includes which of the following?

a. Micronesia, Polynesia, Melanesia, and New Guinea
b. Easter Island, Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii
c. Samoa, Tonga, New Guinea, and Easter Island
d. South Island, Arnhem Land, Asmat, and Hawaii
Answer: a

19. Symbolists conveyed

a. heightened emotion.
b. subjective reality.
c. references to Greek mythological stories, avoiding commentary on modern life.
d. both heightened emotion and subjective reality.
 Answer: d

20. Which is true of Symbolism?

a. It was concerned with realistic social issues.
b. It was heroic in character.
c. It was preoccupied with the irrational.
d. Its colors tended to be the primary hues.
Answer: c

21. A maenad is a
a. follower of Medea.
b. follower of Dionysos.
c. follower of Orpheus.
d. follower of Hermes.
Answer: b

22. Polyphemos was

a. a musician.
b. a satyr.
c. an Olympian.
d. a Cyclops.
e. a dwarf.
Answer: d

23. The English word “symbol” is from the Greek, meaning

a. token.
b. sign.
c. allegory.
d. metaphor.
e. simile.
Answer: a

24. Symbolist paintings are most likely to have jarring

a. brushstrokes.
b. color.
c. lines.
d. spatial arrangements.
e. formal distortion.
Answer: b

25. Oscar Wilde was a spokesman for

a. Symbolism.
b. Post-Impressionism.
c. Abstraction.
d. Aestheticism.
e. Art Nouveau.
Answer: d

26. Beardsley’s pictorial style can be described as

a. perverse and macabre.
 b. elegant and courtly.
c. Post-Impressionist.
d. colorful.
Answer: a

27. Art Nouveau was a European response against

a. Abstraction.
b. Impressionism.
c. Aestheticism.
d. Industrialization.
e. Symbolism.
Answer: d

28. Art Nouveau artists used

a. geometry.
b. photographic reality to show the grace in the everyday.
c. organic forms like vines drawn from nature.
d. modern technological marvels to convey progress.
Answer: c

29. Métropolitain refers to

a. French cities.
b. French subways.
c. French night clubs.
d. French urban planning.
Answer: b

30. The purpose of the Vienna Secession was

a. to establish an international style of painting.
b. to withdraw from the establishment.
c. to establish a forum of diverse styles.
d. to support Academic naturalism.
Answer: c

31. For Klimt, the Minotaur represented

a. tyranny.
b. Impressionism.
c. Industrialization.
d. conservatism.
Answer: d

32. In Klimt’s poster for the first Secession exhibition, the Gorgon head is
a. naturalistic.
b. frontal.
c. horned and fanged.
d. Symbolist.
Answer: b

33. “Le Douanier” referred to

a. Beardsley.
b. Monet.
c. Seurat.
 d. Rousseau.
e. Gauguin.
Answer: d

34. The techniques of dream construction apply most obviously to which style?
a. Post-Impressionism
b. Symbolism
c. Surrealism
d. Aestheticism
Answer: c

35. Who was the leading artist of the Symbolist movement in France?
a. Moreau
b. Munch
c. Nouveau
d. Guimard
Answer: a

36. Which of the following is NOT a correct match of artist with work?
a. Cézanne – Temptation of Saint Anthony
b. van Gogh – The Potato Eaters
c. Gauguin – The Yellow Christ
d. Munch – The Scream
e. Moreau – Idol with the Seashell
Answer: e

37. Which of the following correctly matches artist with work?

a. van Gogh – Bedroom at Arles
b. Klimt – Salomé with the Head of John the Baptist
c. Moreau – The Dream
d. Cézanne – Galatea
e. Rousseau – La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge
Answer: a

Key Works

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge: The Dance, 1890

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge, 1891
Paul Cézanne, Temptation of Saint Anthony, c. 1870
Paul Cézanne, Self-Portrait, c. 1872
Paul Cézanne, Still Life with Apples, c. 1875–1877
Paul Cézanne, Great Bathers, 1898–1905
Paul Cézanne, Mont Sainte-Victoire, c. 1900
Georges Seurat, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884–1886
Georges Seurat, Monkey, 1884
Georges Seurat, detail, Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884–1886
Vincent van Gogh, Potato Eaters, 1885
Vincent van Gogh, Japonaiserie: Bridge in the Rain (after Hiroshige), 1887
Utagawa Hiroshige, Sudden Shower at Ohashi Bridge at Ataka, from the series One Hundred
Views of Edo, 1857
Vincent van Gogh, Bedroom at Arles, 1889
Vincent van Gogh, sketch for Bedroom at Arles, 1888
Vincent van Gogh, Wheat Field with Reaper, 1889
Vincent van Gogh, Starry Night, 1889
Vincent van Gogh, studies for Self-Portrait, 1889
Vincent van Gogh, Self-Portrait, 1889
Paul Gauguin, Self-Portrait with Halo, 1889
Paul Gauguin, Nevermore, 1897
Paul Gauguin, Yellow Christ, 1889
Gustave Moreau, Orpheus, 1865
Gustave Moreau, Galatea, 1880–1881
Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
Edvard Munch, The Voice, 1893
Aubrey Beardsley, Salomé with the Head of John the Baptist, 1893
Victor Horta, staircase of the Maison Tassel, Brussels, 1892
Hector Guimard, entrance to a Métro station, Paris, 1900
Antonio Gaudí, La Sangrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain 1883–1926
Antonio Gaudí, Casa Mila, Barcelona, Spain, 1906–1910
Gustav Klimt, Ver Sacrum, poster for the first Secession exhibition depicting Theseus and the
Minotaur, c. 1898
Gustav Klimt, Kiss, 1908
Henri Rousseau, The Dream, 1910
Key Terms

pointillism
poster art
premixed color
Window on the World
Gauguin and Oceania

Key Works
Stone heads, Easter Island, 5th–17th century
Paul Gauguin, Idol with the Seashell, c. 1893

Maps, Diagrams, and Projections

Map of Oceania