STUDENT NAME : AHTSHAM KHALIL

FATHER NAME : M.KHALIL

ROLL# : CB646772

PROGRAM : ED 1.5 YEARS

SEMESTER : SPRING 2020

TUTOR NAME : Nusrat Ishaque

ASSIGNMENT# :1

COURSE CODE : 8623

Q.1 Explain the system of Elementary Education in Pakistan. Describe the steps taken by
the government for compulsory education.

Most Pakistani children who attend school enter school at the age of five. Early childhood
education (ECE) for children aged three to four has received little attention in historically more
affluent urban areas, where complex public provision can be supplemented with private
kindergartens. The Pakistani government estimates that only one-third of children between the
ages of three and four attend early childhood education. Both the federal and provincial
governments are working to increase the ECE's participation rate, but progress has been slow.
The enrolment ratio has been largely stagnant in recent years.

The length of primary education is five years Education (5 3 2 2) Private education is prominent
in Pakistani primary and middle school education, as it helps to bridge the capacity gap in low
government funding. According to official statistics, about 35% of primary school students are
enrolled in private schools. Many primary schools in Pakistan are severely affected by the lack of
quality, including infrastructure. Recent government figures focus on this - only 54% of primary
schools have electricity, 67% have access to drinking water and 68% have latrines. Lack of
trained teachers and absenteeism are other issues. The basic curriculum usually includes Urdu,
English, regional languages, mathematics, science, social sciences and Islamic studies. The
middle school curriculum includes subjects similar to elementary subjects, but additional
languages such as Arabic or Persian may be introduced.

Education plays an important role in the rise and fall of nations, especially in the 21st century.
The importance of education has a huge impact on tackling rapidly growing challenges. This is
mainly due to the emergence of global competition in education and technology. This
competitive environment is a basic development requirement of any country. All countries,
including Pakistan, have different school systems. But when we distribute them, we find two
major types of school systems, private and public schools. Private schools in Pakistan today are
gaining widespread acceptance to ensure the continued development of the country.

During the 1990s and 2000s, the private sector emerged as a key provider of educational
services in Pakistan, both in absolute terms and in relation to the public sector. Private
educational institutions are not only playing a key role in eradicating illiteracy but also raising
the level of students and teachers by providing a better learning environment. The private sector
has played a significant role in eradicating illiteracy in emerging economies. If private schools
are properly managed, they can also raise the standard of education in Pakistan. Pakistan's
education landscape has changed dramatically over the past two decades Enrolments levels and
the Gender Equality Index are rising. The changes taking place in the education sector in
Pakistan have created an environment in which there are numerous opportunities and challenges
in policy development.
 Although enrolment in government schools is much larger than in any other sector, the decline
in favor of non-state providers is noticeable. Education, especially primary education, is largely
considered a public service that should be provided to citizens without discrimination, even if it
is affordable, and is primarily the responsibility of the government. This ideology was behind the
nationalization of all educational institutions in 1972, which severely interfered with the role of
the strong private sector, especially at the elementary level. However, like other services
provided by the government, the provision of education has been severely curtailed due to the
quality and effectiveness of governance.

Since the end of nationalization in 1979, Pakistan has seen a sharp rise in the role of private
sector service providers. Private schools are no longer urban or elite, but poor families use these
facilities largely because of their better locations, reasonable fees, teacher availability and better
quality education, especially in math and language. ‫۔‬Although private schools started as an urban
trend, they have recently grown mushrooms in rural areas as well. Many features are responsible
for making private schooling more attractive to parents than public schools. These include better
test scores, better physical infrastructure, and lower teacher absenteeism rates.

Some of the other factors are

• income of parents to teacher

• quality factors influencing school choice.
• parents knowledge of the teachers educational qualifications,
• parents opinion of the teachers regularity
• parents rating of the teachers teaching school
• facilities in school,
• child safety for quality of education.
• school fee.
• medium of instruction.
• better results.

Step taken by the government for compulsory education.

There was a lot of talk and debate about quality education in Pakistan. Ironically, instead of all
these stages, they revolve around most types, sources and content of education, especially the
most important and decisive stage, IE elementary education. In recent years, little progress has
been made in developing new and existing programs for adolescent learners in government
schools at the elementary level. Research programs, counseling programs, and health and
physical education programs in public schools are being phased out.

Education is limited to teaching Rd skills and imparting knowledge. The mayor's imitation and
contented fragrant elementary education has briefly changed the field of learner staff
development. This factor of government primary education has been pushed back by making it
easier and less expensive to fail, but the negation of various ongoing social changes by emerging
learners has become the norm today. These social changes are the family pattern of the mother at
home and have increased the father's work.

These social changes are

1. the family pattern of a mother at home and a father working is increasingly changing.
2. , the suicide rate in teenagers are increasing due to different pressures.
3. it is estimated that pre and early adolescents spend 1/3 of their waking hours in watching
television, surfing social websites on Internet and playing online games.
4. 75% of all, advertising is aimed at promoting mobile brands, mobile networks and
mobile packages.
5. lack of a stable home is a big contributor to delinquency. The elementary level is
comprised of the students with most impressionable age group where various social
changes make indelible prints on their minds.

Associations such as the National Middle School Association, the Pakistan Montessori Council
and the Pakistan Elementary Teachers Association strive for a balanced primary curriculum. By
organizing regular conferences and workshops for teachers who are engaged in basic education.
However, the government should allocate a large portion of the budget to sponsor associations
and educational organizations. In addition, government educators and administrative officials
should ensure that the content is based on academic learning. It should be diverse and
investigative based on real life situations and our experiences. As a result, it can enhance the
problem-solving skills and reflective thinking process among students. It will also help students
to recognize and evaluate their interests and abilities. Curriculum areas related to basic skills,
logic, sequence and analytics should be taught through an entertaining teaching. Other areas of
the curriculum such as social, moral, emotional and physical should be developed through a
coherent approach to common social issues and factors.

In short, elementary education and knowledge should immediately reflect culture, race, ideology
and local socio-economic groups so that students can integrate and strengthen their knowledge.
Combined with critical feeling. In addition, it will help the student understand what he or she is
and help him or her understand the concepts. Attitudes about responsibilities, identification,
summary and SOC. Articles should be coherent and interdisciplinary rather than departmental.

Teachers should be trained to follow training methods that include modern design arrangements,
collaborative work and open and individualized instruction while respecting individual
differences between students. The list of do's and don'ts is long. However, the ground reality
requires more than just suggestions. Planning, reviewing and updating aspects of early education.
Third, other important factors are budgeting, funding and resources. Observable trend in primary
education is its failure due to lack of significant financial resources. More energy and money are
needed to implement this phase of foundation-owned education productively. For low-budget
schools, the private school system can be inspiring, partly funded by wealthy families. If the
community has the opportunity to participate in the planning process, it will definitely participate
in the funding process.
 Furthermore, by doing so, the distribution of vast resources can be insured because the general
loss in understanding the implementation depends only on the material created by the teacher
which ignores the usable material budget and the acquisition of less updated material. does. Not
making any arrangements in this regard is actually destroying primary education. These big
factors, if run well, can eliminate the causes of elementary school failure.

Q. 2 Explain information process model with reference to cognitive development in

elementary school years.

The information processing model is a framework used by cognitive psychologists to define and
explain mental processes. The model compares the process of thinking to the way a computer
works. Like the computer, the human mind receives, organizes, and stores information so that it
can be retrieved later. Just as a computer has an input device, a processing unit, a storage unit,
and an output device, so does the human mind have structures.

In a computer, information is entered through input devices such as keyboards or scanners. In

the human brain, the input device is called the sensory register, which consists of sensory organs
such as the eyes and ears through which we receive information about our surroundings. As the
information is received by the computer, it is processed in the central processing unit, which is
equivalent to working memory or short term memory. In the human mind, this is where
information is temporarily stored so that it can be used, lost or transferred to long-term memory.

Jean Piaget’s Theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four
different stages of mental development. His theory focuses not only on understanding how
children acquire knowledge, but also on understanding the nature of intelligence. .1 piaget’s
stages are.

• Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years

• Preoperational stage: ages 2 to 7

Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 11

• Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up

Children take an active role in the learning process, acting much like little scientists that they
perform experiments, make observations, and learn about the world. Have kids interact with the
world around them.

They are constantly adding new knowledge. Build on existing information and adopt
preconceived ideas to accommodate new information. He was born in Switzerland in the late
1800's and was a careful student when he was just 11 years old publishing his first scientific
dissertation. His first exposure to children's intellectual development came when he became
Alfred and worked as an assistant to Theodore Simon when he standardized his famous IQ test.
Much of his interest in children's intellectual development was influenced by the observations of
his own nephew and daughter. These observations reinforced his emerging assumption that
children's minds were not just smaller versions of adult minds. Until this point in history,
children were widely considered to be smaller versions of adults.

He was one of the first to recognize that the way children think is different from the way adults
think. Instead, he suggested that intelligence is something that grows and develops through many
stages. He suggested that older children do not think faster than younger children. Instead, there
is a qualitative and quantitative difference between the thinking of young children versus older
children.

Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years

During the early stages of scientific development. Newborns and young children acquire
knowledge through sensory experiments and manipulation. Early in this stage the child
experiences the whole thing through basic anxiety, senses and motor reactions. This sensor
occurs during the motor stage as children go through a period of dramatic development and
learning. As children interact with their environment, they are constantly making new
discoveries about how the world works. The scientific development that takes place during this
time. It takes place in a relatively short period of time and increases a lot. Not only do children
learn to perform physical activities such as crawling and walking, they also learn a lot about the
language from the people with whom they communicate. Piaget broke this phase into several
different sub-phases. It is during the last part of the sensor motor phase that the idea of early
representation emerges. Piaget believes that the consistency of an object, or the consistency of an
object, is the understanding that objects exist even when they cannot be seen with any important
element. At this point of development. Knowing that objects are separate and distinct entities,
and that they have their own existence beyond individual perception, then children can begin to
associate names and words with objects.

Preoperational stage: ages 2 to 7

• Children begins to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent
objects.
• Children at this stage tend to be egocentric in, struggles to see things from the perspective
of others.
• While they are getting better with language and thinking, they still tend to think about
things in very concrete terms.

The foundations of language development may have been made during the previous stage, but it
is the emergence of language that is one of the major hallmarks of the pre operational stage of
development. .3 children become much more skilled and pretend play during this stage of
development, yet continued to think very concretely about the world around them. This stage
kids learn through pretend flavour. For example, a researcher might take a lump of clay divided
into 2 equal pieces and then give a child the choice between two pieces of play to play with one
piece of clay is rolled into a compact ball, while the other is smashed into a flat pancake shape.
Since the flat shape looks larger, the pre operational child will likely choose that piece even
though the two pieces are exactly the same size.

Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 11

Major characteristics and developmental changes

• during this stage, children begin to thinking logically about concrete events.
• They begin to understand the concept of conservation that the amount of liquid in a short,
wide cuff is equal to that in a tool. Skinny glass, for example
• their thinking becomes more logical and organized. But still very concrete.
• children begin using inductive logic or reasoning from specific information to a general
principle.

While thinking becomes much more logical during the concrete operational state. It can also be
very rigid. Kids at this point in development tend to struggle with abstract and hypothetical
concept. During this stage, children also become less egocentric and begin to think about how
other people might think and feel. Kids in the concrete operational stage also begin to understand
that their thoughts are unique to them, and they’re not everyone else necessarily shares their
thoughts, feelings and opinions.

Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up

Major characteristics and developmental changes.

• At this stage, the adolescent or young adult begins to think abstractly and reason about
how to test, insert with .
• abstract thought.
• teen begin to think about morals, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that
client, theoretical and abstract reasoning.
• principle Start using deduction logic or reasoning with specific information of general
principle. The final stages of Piaget Theory include an increase in logic, the ability to use
deductive reasoning, and an understanding of abstract ideas. .3 of this point. People are
able to see many possible solutions to problems. The ability to think scientifically about
the world around us, the ability to think about abstract ideas and situations, the ability to
 systematically plan for the future, and hypothetical situations with the key mark of a
formal operational phase of scientific development. The reason is also the important
abilities that came to the fore during this time. . It is important to note at this stage that it
is clear that they did not need the mental development of the children. That is, children do
not add more information and knowledge to their existing knowledge as they get older.
Instead, TJ suggests that there is a qualitative change in children's thinking patterns as
they move slowly through these four stages. Point to a 7 year old and learn more about
the world than just 2 years old. There is a fundamental change in what he thinks of the
world.

Q. 3 Elucidate Piaget's concept of reversibility and transitivity.

Children enter elementary school. They create the ability to present ideas and events more
flexibly and logically. The principles of thinking still seem very basic by the standards of adults,
and usually work unconsciously, but they allow children to solve problems more systematically
than ever before, and therefore very Are successful in academic work. In the solid operational
phase, for example, a child may unconsciously follow this principle. If something is not added or
taken away, the quantity of something remains the same. This simple principle helps children
understand some math tasks, such as adding or subtracting zero from a number, as well as some
classroom science experiments, such as determining the amount of liquid at the time of mixing,
concrete The operational phase is described as the third in Paget's theory of scientific
development. This stage lasts from seven to 11 years of age and is characterized by the
development of organized and rational thinking. Piaget 19548 considered the solid phase to be a
turning point in a child's cognitive development as it marks the beginning of logical or
operational thinking. The child is now old enough to use logical ideas or operations.

The solid operational phase is the third phase of Piaget's scientific development theory. This
period lasts from the age of seven to eleven, and is characteristic of the development of
organized and rational thinking. Piaget (1954a) considered the concrete phase to be a turning
point in a child's cognitive development, as it marks the beginning of logical or operational
thinking. The child is now old enough to use logical thinking or operation (ie rules) but can only
apply logic to physical objects (hence concrete operational). Children acquire protection skills
(number, area, volume, orientation), reversal, severity, transcendence and class inclusion.
However, although children can solve problems logically, they are not usually able to think
abstractly or hypothetically.

Seriation

Arranging objects with quantitative dimensions such as length or weight according to the
method is now indicated by the concrete operational child. For example, they can arrange a
series of different sites by length, while young children do the same thing randomly. As
children's experiences and vocabulary grow, they create schemas and are able to organize objects
in many different ways. They also understand classification and can sort objects into different
categories and subclasses.
Reverseability

The child learns that some of the changed things may return to their original state. The water can
be frozen and then thought to be liquid. Reverse ability, which means the ability to recognize a
number or an object can be changed and returned to its original state. For example. During this
stage, a child realizes that the favorite ball is not defaulted, but can be refilled and re-played. An
important development at this stage is to understand reversal awareness. This process can be
reversed.

An example of this is the reversal of the order of relationships between mental categories. An
example of a reversal is when a child can recognize that his dog is a Labrador, that a Labrador is
a dog, and that a dog is an animal. Upside down. The child understands that the number of items
can be changed, then returned to their original state. For example, during this stage, a child
realizes that a favorite ball that is defaulting has not gone, but can be refilled with air and put
back into play.

Transitivity.

Being able to understand how objects are related to each other is called transitivity. This means
that if one thinks that a dog is a mammal and a boxer is a dog, then the boxer should be an
animal or a mammal.

The third stage in the Piaget theory of scientific development is called the concert operational
stage. During this stage, which occurs between the ages of 7 and 12, the child shows an increase
in usage. Logic or reasoning is an important process that develops is a transitional ITI. We
should refer to the ability to recognize the relationship between different things in a serial order.
For example, when. Old to remove your books.

According to the height, the child recognizes that he starts by placing the long one at the end of
the book shelf and the short ends at the other end. Tragedy, which refers to the ability to
recognize the relationship between different things in a serial order. For example, he went to
remove the books according to the height from which the child recognizes that this thinking is
with the end of the bookshelf and with the smallest book. Finally ends.

Question 4.

Explain the concept of physical fitness. Also state the purpose of physical and health
education. Suggest ways to integrate health education with other subjects.

Concept of physical fitness.

Physical fitness refers to the ability of your body's systems to function. Together you can stay
healthy and carry out the activities of daily life. To be effective means to do daily activities with
minimal effort. A fit person still has enough energy to do school work, fulfill household chores
and enjoy sports and other activities. A fit person can also respond to an emergency, for example
by running. Getting help or putting a friend in trouble.

Physical fitness consists of 11 parts. Six of them are related to five skills. All parts are important
for good performance in physical activities, including sports, but these six are called for
participation in health-related physical fitness because scientific King Theology has shown that
they can reduce your chronic risk. Promote illness and good health and wellness. Fitness or
bodybuilding parts, cardio spherical. Endurance, flexibility, muscle endurance, strength and
power. They also help you to be more efficient in your daily activities.

Purpose of physical fitness.

Physical education is an integral part of the total education of every child .

Quality physical education programs are needed to enhance physical abilities. Enjoy health
fitness, self-responsibility and physical activity for all students so that they stay physically active
throughout life. Physical education programs can only provide these benefits if they are planned
and well implemented.

Physical activity or exercise can improve your health and reduce your risk of many diseases such
as type 2 diabetes, cancer and heart disease. Physical activity and exercise can have immediate
and long-term health benefits. Most importantly, regular activity can improve your quality of
life. At least 30 minutes a day can allow you to enjoy these benefits.

Lifestyle changes are also needed to be physically fit. You need to include regular exercise and a
healthy diet in your life. By avoiding bad habits such as junk foods, fizzy drinks, smoking and
alcohol, and getting the right amount of rest, you will recover physically and mentally. Just by
eliminating all of these nutrients from your life, no matter how temporary, you will allow your
body to detox and become stronger. Make sure you spend more time outside in the sun, and in
the fresh air, and engage in more healthy activities. Fishing, cycling, swimming, hiking and even
playing football with your children should be part of your physically fit lifestyle.

Improved physical fitness.

Improve children, muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance, body composition and
cardio vascular endurance.

Skill development.

Develops motor skills which allows for safe, successful and satisfying participation in physical
activities.

Support of other subjected areas.

Reinforces knowledge learned across the curriculum. Serves as a lab for application of Content
in Science., math and social studies.

Self discipline.

Facilitates development of student responsibilities for health and fitness.

Improved judgment

Quality Physical education can affect moral development. Students have the opportunity to take
the lead, cooperate with other questions, actions and rules, and accept responsibility for their
behavior.

Stress reduction.

Physical activities becomes an outlet for releasing lessons to equity and facilities. Emotional
stability and reliance.

Strengthened peer relationship.

Physical education can be a great help in helping children socialize with other successful ADDs,
providing opportunities for positive people to learn skills. Especially in late childhood and as
adults, peers are able to participate in dance, sports and games in an important part of the culture.

Improved self confidence and self esteem.

The beginnings of physical education instil in children a strong sense of self-worth. Based on
their physical activity skills and imaginative skills, they can be more confident, resilient,
independent and self-controlled.

Experience setting goals.

Physical education provides children the opportunity to set a stream for personal achievable
goals.

Definition of health education.

Health education is certified with promoting health as well as reducing behavioural-induced

disease. In other words, health education is about establishing or instilling changes in the
attitudes and behaviours of individuals or groups that promote healthy living.

Purpose of health education.

• Health education is a collection of experiences influencing individual community and

social health, habits, attitudes and knowledge. If health is a more valuable asset than
 health education, then it is really more important. Health education helps in the following
ways.
• Health education provides information to the students and teachers about the function of
the body rule of the health and hygiene and precautionary measures for keeping Of
disease.
• Health education helps to discovering physical defects of children and discovering
various types of abnormalities of children.
• Health education develops healthy habits like need of fresh air, hygienic feeding and
various classrooms habits.
• Health education provided. Knowledge regarding good health habits.
• Health education develops better human relationship between the school home
community.
• Health education provides knowledge regarding to the prevention and control of various
disease.
• Health education provides first aid training, essential for everyone emerging emergency
by may come to anyone end anytime.

Ways to integrate health education with other subjects.

As mentioned earlier. Careful and thoughtful planning should be done to integrate health
education to ensure that the activity is a standardized learning experience that maintains the
integrity of the physical education curriculum. The following topics are a series of steps to
initiate integration into health education.

Step. 1 . Decide on the integration model.

Individual models require proper research to determine at what level lessons should be taught. It
must be taught, and how it must be taught. Partner homicide requires that you partner with a
potential teacher. The key is to find a follow teacher who is equally interested in what is being
taught in physical education.

Step. 2. Ask teacher what concept they will be teaching.

Take an interest in the concepts that classroom teachers teach. Doing so shows that you are
interested, supportive teachers who want to help students reach health outcomes. Classroom
teachers can provide a calendar with a list of concepts to be taught in the coming weeks.
Calendar allows you to create integration ideas. Classroom teachers may also have conceptual
ideas that can be taught through physical education.

Step 3. Ask how concepts are being taught.

After integrating or establishing health concepts, identify. All these concepts are being taught. If
exactly in the classroom, using key terms or similar ideas, and slightly modifying them can be
helpful when teaching coherent material. Contact the last volume classroom teachers to find out
what students are having trouble with in the classroom. Physical education can offer a great
opportunity to teach some concepts with different strategies, that is, to teach concepts with
movement. If the matter is discussed with the classroom teacher. In some cases, the idea is to
confuse children with two different approaches or approaches rather than helping them.

Step 4. Share what you teach With classroom teachers.

Invite classroom teachers to integration lessons. This effort serves two purposes. First, classroom
teachers can give feedback on integration activities that you can use to make the activity more
effective. Inviting classroom teachers also introduces the teacher to physical education. Most
classroom teachers have little knowledge or what is taught during physical education. Observing
a lesson to them will also show that physical education is educational and plays an important role
in the school curriculum.

Step 5. Reflect.

When reflecting on your instructions, review integration activities you taught as well, for
example, did the integration activity scientific any of the activities planned for the physical
education lesson. Did the student understand the health content? How could you change the
integrated activity to make it more effective?

Would the integrity concept fit better in another part of the lesson or in another lesson?

Question 5.

Differentiate between lecture and demonstration method. Explain which one is suitable for
teaching which subject at elementary level in Pakistan.

Dimension shared between lecture and demonstration method.

Lecture method of teaching.

The lecture method is the oldest method of teaching applied in an educational institution.
Teaching is a way of communicating information. The students involved in this teaching method
are only for listening and learning and organizing. However, one problem with this method is to
get the student's attention in the classroom. Another big problem is that many students in the
classroom can't follow them. It has a strong effect on the learning process. Moreover, the method
of lecture is the oldest method of education. It is based on the philosophy of ideology.

This method is meant to explain the subject to the student. Content presentation is emphasized.
The teacher clarifies the content issue for the student using simple gestures by changing the
sound change in position and facial expressions. Teachers are more active and students. Inactive,
but the teacher also asks questions to get the student's attention. This method is economical and
can be used by a large number of students. It saves time and also covers these labels. This is the
easiest way for teachers and does not require any arrangement. It trains these students to listen. It
provides an opportunity to better explain a topic and to emphasize important ideas. It brings
personal touch and touches impressions or affects the dog.

This method is used in large classes, but it also has some limitations. This method makes the
student a passive listener. There is little scope for pope activity. This is against the principle of
learning. By doing so. It does not take into account individual differences. It does not create the
power of student reasoning. It becomes a monotone for the student. Although there are many
limitations to this method, it is still the most widely used method.

The selection method can be made effective using the following points: Metals must be properly
arranged. Richard should have acted in between lessons. This should happen frequently. Topic
reputation. The teacher should encourage the student to ask questions. Teaching aids should also
be used to make lectures effective. The content of the lecture should be logical and in accordance
with the standards of the student. In addition, the lecture method is the easiest and cheapest way
to teach any subject. It hardly requires scientific instruments. The lecture method is a teacher-
controlled and information-based approach in which the teacher works or plays a role in
classroom instruction. In this method, only the teacher speaks and the student is a passive
listener.

Advantages of lecture method.

• Effective lecture can communicate the intrinsic interest of a subject through their
enthusiasm.
• Lecture can present material not otherwise available to student.
• Lecture can be specifically organized to meet the needs of a particular audiences.
• Lecture can present large amount of information.
• Lecture can be presented to a large audiences.
• Lecture can model how professionals work through a disciplinary questions or problems.
• In this teaching method, a large number of subjects can be included in a single class
period.
• Use of this method excludes the use of any equipment or labs. No learning materials
required.
• The student's listening skills were developed.
• Logical management of content to help them learn languages orally.

Demonstration method of teaching.

The word demonstration means giving a presentation or performing a particular activity or

concept. In the demonstration method, the teaching-learning process is done systematically.
Demonstrations often occur when students have difficulty relating ideas to actual practice or
when students are unable to understand the application of ideas. Three things are necessary to
make the demonstration method successful.
(a) The object displayed during the demonstration should not be so small.

(b) During the demonstration, clear language should be used so that the students can easily
understand the concept.

A demonstration method is a teaching method used to convey an idea with the help of visuals
and such as flip charts posters, PowerPoint, a demonstration is a process of teaching someone
how to do or do something in a step-by-step process. Is. As you show them how you tell them
what you are doing, there is always a finished product in a demonstration. The key to a good
demonstration is to get the audience home, to do what you teach them.

Demonstration of packing human capable learners to create a vov experience. This constantly
increases their curiosity and their reasoning abilities. In addition, it can have an effect on
students' equipment. There are terrible occasions when teacher demonstrations are more
educational than our student's own experiences. This is a zoom that, when combined with
demonstrations of traditional methods, can be effective for high visual endings for low achieving
students. Spiritual intelligence but with limited cognitive abilities. Engaged through
demonstrations, students are designed to visualize classroom content as effectively as possible.
As shown in a study that focuses specifically on demonstrations of Earth Chemistry presented by
teachers.

Advantages of demonstration method.

• It helps in involving various sense to make learning permanent.

• Do teachers behavior is auto car, attic. He invites the cooperation of puppies in a
teaching learning process.
• It develops the interest in the learners and motivates them for their active participation.
• It helps in achieving Psycho motor objectives.
• Any simple or complex really becomes easy to understand.
• This method of teaching serves as model laboratory instruction.
• Demonstrations present the topic in a way that is easy to understand. He explains what
could otherwise be vague and meaningless.
• They persuade people who might otherwise doubt that something can be done, or that
they can do it themselves.
• Allows demonstration of theory along with demonstration process. They show, for
example, the practical application of knowledge.
• Demonstration leads to a high rate of "takes" in the "exhibition".
• Experience as demonstrated identifies and evaluates the point of observation.
• It introduces students to nature and the use of tools.
• Experiences requiring special skills will be shown to the teacher only. No time is wasted
on this procedure.

Main difference between lecture method and demonstration method.

The method of lecture is the oldest method of teaching. It is based on the philosophy of ideology.
Method refers to the explanation of the subject to the students. Content presentation is
emphasized. The teacher clarifies the material to the student using gestures, simple tools. By
changing the voice in position and facial expressions. Teachers are more active and students are
inactive, but the teacher also asks questions to get the student's attention. A demonstration is a
process of teaching someone how to do something in a step-by-step process.

As we show how you describe what you are doing, there is always a finished product in a
demonstration. The key to a good demonstration is that the audience can go home and do what
you have taught them.

Demonstration is the best way to teach at the elementary level, as demonstrations can serve as an
effective platform for students to understand a particular teaching concept as well as to motivate
and increase their interest in learning. But in the lecture method, the emphasis is on the
presentation of the material. The most important thing for teachers is which method suits each
subject as well as the student's performance.