Identify at least ten (10) tangible and intangible cultural heritage found in your locality.

Be

able to provide descriptions of these heritages. Provide links to images related to each item.

What do you think is the significance of each of identified heritage in the community.

TANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

Jaro Cathedral

Along with the boom of the sugar industry of the Philippines especially centered in Iloilo,

several churches and schools are constructed in Jaro.[3] The present cathedral structure was

finished in 1874 by the first Bishop of Jaro, Mariano Cuartero, O.P. It was destroyed by the

January 1948 Lady Caycay earthquake and later repaired in 1956 by the first Archbishop of Jaro,

José María Cuenco.

The Marian image of Our Lady of the Candles also has the distinction of being

canonically crowned personally by Pope John Paul II during his visit to Iloilo City on February

21, 1981, making it as the only Marian figure to be given such stature in the Philippines.
 The journalist, national hero, and co-founder of the Propaganda Movement, Graciano

López Jaena, was baptized in the cathedral on December 20, 1856. The National Historical

Institute of the Philippines declared the Jaro Cathedral an historical landmark in 1976. In January

2012, the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines approved the cathedral as the National

Shrine of Our Lady of the Candles, the first Marian-dedicated church or cathedral to receive such

status in Visayas and Mindanao. The current parish priest/cathedral rector is Msgr. Jose Marie

Amado Delgado.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaro_Cathedral

Iloilo River Esplanade

Formerly known as Treñas Boulevard, the Iloilo River Esplanade is a project in the

public realm. It is the initial part of a larger project to provide both sides of the Iloilo River with

esplanades catering primarily to pedestrians. The first phase of the project which cost ₱58.7

million, is 1.2 kilometers long between Iloilo Diversion (Sen. Benigno Aquino Jr. Avenue) and

Carpenter's Bridges in Mandurriao, Iloilo City. The site was an existing dike road devoid of

shade and originally built just as a flood control measure. Sen. Franklin Drilon along with former
Iloilo City Mayor Jed Patrick Mabilog and current Iloilo City Mayor Jerry P. Treñas (at the time,

an Iloilo City Congressman) launched the esplanade project as a key component of their Iloilo

River Improvement initiative.

The redesign showcased its effect on public amenity, because it is creating an identity for

Iloilo (it is one of the most posted on Social Media) as well as the improved real estate values.

Before the esplanade’s construction the price of land was ₱2-3,000 per square meter, today it is

₱18,000 or more per square meter.

The longest linear park in the country lines the Iloilo River as it traverses through five of

the seven Iloilo City districts: Molo, Mandurriao, La Paz, Lapuz, and the City Proper. Now

almost close to 10 kilometers in length, it had inauspicious beginnings over a decade ago,

initially meant as an alternate traffic route and flood control system between Carpenter's Bridge

and the major city highway, Diversion Road in Mandurriao district. The Iloilo River Esplanade

Project has now a total of ten esplanades along the Iloilo River and each of them has its own

unique charm and character

https://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/iloilo-river-esplanade/
 Calle Real (Royal Street in Spanish)

Calle Real (Royal Street in Spanish), officially named as J.M. Basa Street, is a historic

street located in the old downtown district Iloilo City Proper of Iloilo City, Philippines.The street

often referred to as the "Escolta of Iloilo" It is home to several fine examples of historic luxury

American era neoclassical, beaux-arts, and art deco buildings. The street has been famous since

the Spanish Era. However, its importance has dwindled and the street has become less

maintained; yet there have been efforts to revitalize the street, which include the restoration of

the historic buildings along the street and beautification projects. Even during the Spanish Era,

this street was the main street of commerce for Iloilo. José Rizal was even impressed by the city

during his arrival.

During the early period of American occupation of the Philippines, Calle Real was

known as a hub of high-end shopping outlets selling products from Europe.The street was

officially renamed in honor of Jose Maria Basa, a Filipino businessman-propagandist who was a

compatriot of José Rizal. The street remained popularly known as "Calle Real". The name would

also be later used to refer to the central business district of Iloilo City. The Art-Deco buildings

and other structures along the street deteriorated but remained to be a shopping hub of the city.
Calle Real as a district consisting of Aldeguer, Guanco and Iznart, J. M. Basa, and Mapa streets

was declared an Iloilo City heritage zone by the virtue of Ordinance No. 00-054, also known as

the Local Cultural Heritage Conservation Ordinance which established the Iloilo City Cultural

Heritage Conservation Council (ICCHC).

Other efforts to revitalize the district include the pedestrianization of Calle Real, burying

of utility wires, and minimizing obstructive advertisements. Regarding pedestrianization,

experimentations have been done, including closing the road during Sundays, but permanent

pedestrianization is still contested. Cultural performances are staged to promote Ilonggo heritage

and to attract domestic and foreign tourists The experimentation ended on March 9, 2014; the

Philippine Chamber of Commerce Iloilo wished to make this permanent, citing this opportunity

to make walking viable and to take pride in the newly rehabilitated heritage buildings of the

street.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calle_Real,_Iloilo

Miagao Church
 Miagao Church was built from 1787-1797. Its facade is a composite of medieval, baroque

and local plasteresque elements, The church exudes the native touch as reliefs of coconut,

banana, papaya trees and stylized guava fruit occupy the pediment. The upper triangle of the

facade contains highly stylized tableu on top of a baroque explosion of curving lines, elaborate

niches, decorative balustrades and columns. Over 200 years old, it is one of the few remaining

old churches in the country. It is a national shrine and a UNESCO heritage site. Miag-ao church

has survived the revolution against Spain, the Japanese occupation, a fire, an earthquake and the

harshness of time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miagao_Church

Sta. Barbara Church and Convent

Lesser known compared to the ones on this list, the Sta. Barbara Church must not be

forgotten. It’s the only church in Iloilo with the convent still attached to the main structure. The

NHCP has also declared Sta. Barbara Church as a National Landmark. The restoration of the

church was completed just recently. The facade and the interiors all got a major facelift. It's
really nice to know that these churches are not just being left to be used and dilapidated over

time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Barbara_Church,_Santa_Barbara,_Iloilo

San Joaquin Parish Church

San Joaquin is the southernmost town of Iloilo, so a trip to this church will cost you some

time. It’s well worth the trip though.. The pediment features the victory of the Spanish over the

Moors in Battle of Tétouan. The attention to detail is remarkable. The materials and dyes used

for the church’s body and its pediment are all derived from nature. Considered a National

Cultural Treasure, any plans for restoration to the church must be made known to the National

Museum of the Philippines (NMP). However, the most recent renovation left the NMP highly

criticized as it deteriorated just after a few months.

https://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/san-joaquin-church/
 Nelly Garden

Grandiose, magnificent, and classic are some words that would best describe the Nelly

Mansion. Built in 1928 by Don Vicente Lopez and his wife, Doña Elena Hofileña. The mansion's

moniker is the name of their eldest daughter, Nelly. Upon stepping inside the mansion, you

would immediately feel the sense of aristocracy. Perhaps it's the redwood floors, the

commissioned portraits, or the bespoke furniture–something about the place just transports you

in time. Photos are not allowed inside the mansion, so you need to come to Iloilo yourself and

visit Nelly Garden.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopez_Heritage_House
RUINS OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH

In Igbaras, Iloilo was constructed in 1784 under the supervision of Rev. Father Juan

Aguado. The materials used were quarried from the mountains of Igbaras. The church was

reputedly founded by King Aethelred in AD 689. In 973, the Anglo Saxon Chronicle records

that, after his coronation at Bath, King Edgar of England, came to Chester where he held his

court in a palace in a place now known as Edgar's field near the old Dee bridge in Handbridge.

Taking the helm of a barge, he was rowed the short distance up the River Dee from Edgar'`s field

to St John the Baptist's Church by six (the monk Henry Bradshaw records he was rowed by eight

kings) tributary kings where a royal council was held.

During the 11th century, Earl Leofric was a "great benefactor" of the church.In 1075

Peter, Bishop of Lichfield moved the seat of his see to Chester, making St John's his
cathedral.Peter's successor moved his seat to Coventry in 1095, and St John's became a co-

cathedral. The building of the church continued on a large scale until the end of the 13th century

and continued as a collegiate church of secular canons. Owain Glyndŵr and others made their

depositions at the Court of Chivalry inquiry into the Scrope v Grosvenor controversy held here

on 3 September 1386. In 1468 the central tower collapsed.

After the Dissolution, much of the east end of the church was demolished and some of it

remains as ruins to the east of the present church. Since the Dissolution, it has been a parish

church.[2] Parish registers began in 1559, and in 1581 the parishioners obtained a grant of fabric

from Elizabeth I to restore the nave as a parish church. In 1572 the northwest tower partially

collapsed and in 1574 there was a greater collapse of this tower which destroyed the western

bays of the nave. This was rebuilt on a "magnificent scale" Between 1859–66 and 1886–87, a

Victorian restoration of the church was undertaken by R. C. Hussey. While the northwest tower

was being repaired in 1881 it collapsed again, this time destroying the north porch. The porch

was rebuilt in 1881–82 by John Douglas.John Douglas also built the northeast belfry tower in

1886.[2] In 1925 the chapel at the south east corner, then the Warburton chapel, was extended to

form a Lady Chapel.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John_the_Baptist%27s_Church,_Chester

Cabatuan Roman Catholic Cemetery

 Cabatuan Roman Catholic Cemetery in Barangay Banguit is a four hectare perfectly

square shaped cemetery constructed in 1886 under the supervision of Father Manuel Gutierrez in

1890. With elegant iron grills, its walls and chapel were made of stones quarried from the

mountains in Leon. The Center Chapel is Roman Baroque Architecture and a burial place of

dominant Cabatuananons.

https://cabatuan.gov.ph/roman-catholic-cemetery/

PAROLA

In Isla Gigantes, Carles, dated 1895 is included as one of the major 27 Spanish lighthouse

in the Philippines. The Gigantes group used to be called Sabuluag, or Salauag, which is the name
of a species of tree endemic to the islands. During the Spanish colonial era, the name was

changed to Gigantes. Local legend describes coffins found inside Bakwitan Cave that contained

gigantic sets of human bones, which constituted the name change. For this reason, locals also

believe the island is inhabited by engkantos. Alighthouse was built on Gigantes Norte some time

before 1895. Designated ARLHS PHI-094, the white 38-foot-high (12 m) tower features a

keeper's house and a focal point 77 feet (23 m) in the air, which flashes once every ten seconds.

Lantangan Elementary School in Gigantes Sur has a student population of 1,144, which is higher

than the populations of mainland schools.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_de_Gigantes

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

BINAOG FESTIVAL

The Binanog Festival is a yearly festivity in Lambunao, Iloilo. This event is done in

honor of the infant Jesus. It is a celebration that features several activities, dance rituals,

performances, and competitions that add fun and color to the festival attracting crowds of locals

and tourists for a week-long merriment. One of the traditional dances showcased here is the
Binanog dance of the Panay-Bukidnon ethnic community. The Binanog dance is inspired by the

“banog,” a Filipino term for hawk. The dance imitates the movement of a hawk, which makes it

an interesting performance to witness. The dance consists of three forms. One is the

“Binanugan,” which is the imitation part, the “Inagong sayaw-sayaw,” which is the celebratory

dance, and the last part is the “Dinagmay,” a courtship dance. These ritual dances are made more

dynamic with the dancers’ brightly colored costumes and lively beats.

https://findafestival.com/events/binanog-festival/

Saad Festival in Leganes

1st Week of April | Leganes

Every year thousands of pilgrims visit the San Vicente de Ferrer church to participate in

the palapak or the act of being stepped on to by the religious icon. This ritual is said to bring

miraculous healing. The festival is highlighted with dancing depicting the healing of faith and a

new period of goodwill. Dinagyang began after Rev. Fr. Ambrosio Galindez, the first Filipino

Rector of the Agustinian Community and Parish Priest of the San Jose Parish introduced the
devotion to Santo Niño in November 1967 after observing the Ati-Atihan Festival in the

province of Aklan. On 1968, a replica of the original image of the Santo Niño de Cebu was

brought to Iloilo by Fr. Sulpicio Enderez of Cebu as a gift to the Parish of San Jose. The faithful,

led by members of Confradia del Santo Niño de Cebu, Iloilo Chapter, worked to give the image a

fitting reception starting at the Iloilo Airport and parading down the streets of Iloilo.

In the beginning, the observance of the feast was confined to the parish. The Confradia

patterned the celebration on the Ati-atihan of Ibajay, Aklan, where natives dance in the streets,

their bodies covered with soot and ashes, to simulate the Atis dancing to celebrate the sale of

Panay. It was these tribal groups who were the prototype of the present festival.

https://www.localphilippines.com/events/saad-festival-in-leganes

DINAGYANG FESTIVAL

In 1977, the Marcos government ordered the various regions of the Philippines to come

up with festivals or celebrations that could boost tourism and development. The City of Iloilo
readily identified the Iloilo Ati-atihan as its project. At the same time the local parish could no

longer handle the growing challenges of the festival.

Dinagyang was voted as the best Tourism Event for 2006, 2007 and 2008 by the

Association of Tourism Officers in the Philippines. It is one of few festivals in the world to get

the support of the United Nations for the promotion of the Millennium Development Goals, and

cited by the Asian Development Bank as Best Practice on government, private sector & NGO

cooperatives.

https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/dinagyang-festival/

KASADYAHAN FESTIVAL

The Pintados Festival is a cultural-religious celebration in Tacloban based on the body-

painting traditions of the ancient tattooed "pintados" warriors. In 1986, the Pintados Foundation,

Inc. was formed by the people of Tacloban to organize this festival in honor of Sr. Santo

Niño. Years later, it was merged with the Kasadyaan Festival which is always held on June 29.
 "Pintados," or "painted people," is a term that refers to the native Filipinos who Spanish

colonizers encountered in the 16th century. Centuries of Spanish occupation affected Filipino

culture and much of the history surrounding tribal tattoos is concentrated on the Visayan

(including the people of Tacloban) and Igorot peoples. Due to their relative isolation, ethnic

groups such as the Ifugao have resisted Spanish cooptation more so than others in the

Philippines.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintados-Kasadyaan

Paulino Alcántara Riestrá (7 October 1896 – 13 February 1964)

A football player and manager who played as a forward. Born in the Philippines, he

spent most of his playing career at Barcelona, and also represented Catalonia,

the Philippines and Spain internationally. Alcántara made his debut for Barcelona at the age of

15, and remains the youngest player to play or score for the club. He scored 369 goals in 357

official and friendly matches, a club record that stood for 87 years. After retiring as a player in

1927 at the age of 31, he became a doctor. Alcántara served as a club director between 1931 and

1934. In 1951, Alcántara became a coach and managed Spain for three games.

In the 1930s, Paulino Alcántara was a member of the Falange Española, the variant

of Spanish Fascism. On 4 August 1936, he fled to Andorra and France for failing to Franco's

coup in Barcelona from 18 July 1936. In 1936 Alcántara was a Carlist volunteer and participated

in numerous military operations of the nationalist troops of Francisco Franco. During the Spanish

Civil War, Alcántara was Lieutenant of the first battalion of the Brigade Legionary Black

Arrows (Frecce Nere). The Black Arrows was a volunteer corps (Corpo Truppe Volontarie)

directed directly by Benito Mussolini. With the Black Arrows, Alcantara served on the fronts of

Guadalajara, Aragon and Catalonia. He entered victorious by Barcelona with General Yagüe on

26 January 1939. After the Spanish Civil War, Paulino Alcántara lived in Barcelona and was

Lieutenant of the Black Arrows. During the Spanish State, Alcántara was a Chief of the Falange

Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulino_Alc%C3%A1ntara
Iloilo Business Park
 Iloilo City proves to be yet another viable investment center for the IT-BPO industry, a

sector that has driven the country’s economy since the early 2000s. As investments overflowed

from Manila and trickled down to other areas in the country, Iloilo City is able to access

opportunities for its growing talent pool. This comes as the demand for office space in the

country picks up and boosts the need for viable areas for IT and BPO developments. Last year,

President Rodrigo Duterte signed Proclamation No. 733 establishing an Information

Technology Special Economic Zone in Iloilo City, citing its potential as a commercial center.

Not only will this decision help generate jobs for thousands of native Ilonggos, but it also puts

the city at an advantageous position in attracting domestic and foreign capital.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iloilo_Business_Park

The Mystical Tumao And The Hidden City Of Iloilo

We’ve all heard the stories about the hidden city of Biringan in Samar, but did you know there

is another mystical city located in Iloilo? Somewhere between Passi and Dumarao, there is said

to be a grand metropolis and the home of a Mongolian looking tribe known as the Tumao.  I did

a little research on this urban legend and have shared my findings below.  First, here is the story

for those who are unfamiliar with it.  For clarification, it is my understanding that the tumao

differ from the infant stealing mythical spirit known as the “tamawo”.  In William Henry

Scott’s Visayan Class Structure the ‘tumao’ are mentioned as a class of aristocracy or royalty

between “datu” and “timawa” who had become “extinct” by the 16th century.

“And a half century later [after Legazpi], old Samarefios recalled the timawa as a lower order

of datus, and even an extinct  class in between called tumao.”

 The Tumao and the Engineer

On the island of Panay in the province of Iloilo, when the Philippine Railroad was in

construction, there happened a wonderful event. The scene of this event was the forest, covering

a beautiful valley which lies between the stations now of Passi and Dumarao. One of the

engineers of the company, while surveying the land covered by this extensive forest, heard a

hoarse voice saying “My man!” The engineer raised his head, and saw a strange man who

appeared from behind a bush. This man addressed the engineer in the following words, in the

English language:

“I suppose you are going to survey this land,” turning back and pointing at the woods before

him “for the railroad track.”

The engineer at first could not utter a word to this man whom he saw amidst these wild thickets,

where nothing dwelt but the wild birds and beast. The man was of the Mongolian race. He was

about six feet tall. He had squint eyes with thin eyebrows. He had a pale face with high

cheekbones. He looked as if he had sprung from a good family. He dressed well, an indication of

his cultured society.

https://www.aswangproject.com/the-mystical-tumao-and-the-hidden-city-of-iloilo/

Ilonggo culture

Every time Iloilo is talked about, what comes to mind is its considerable agricultural

production, beautiful scenery and rich culture. Its fertile farmlands are planted with rice,

sugarcane, corn, coconut, fruits and vegetables. Its scenic coasts are not only pockmarked with

fishponds and fish pens but also with beach resorts and popular eateries offering delicious sea

foods. The whole province is crisscrossed by numerous river systems that fertilize the alluvial

plains and provide inhabitants with water, food, and channels of transportation. It also has a

magnificent mountain ranges that serve as sanctuaries for endangered species of flora and fauna.

Iloilo is also host to a very rich and colorful culture brought about by a very eventful past.

The essential components of Ilonggo culture are language, oral literature (epics, myths,

legends, proverbs, etc.), songs and dances, handicrafts, old churches and houses, and famous

delicacies. The Ilonggo language is basically Hiligaynon and Kinaray-a, the latter with its

numerous variations in the interior sections of the province. Ilonggo literature consists of

hurubaton, paktakon, sugidanon (epics), lowa, and others, many of which have survived up to the

present time. Of course, the most known literature related to Ilonggos is the Maragtas, a folk

history on the coming of the ten Bornean datus and their families to Panay.

Ilonggo songs are mainly composos or ballads about love and adventure, lullaby

melodies (Ili-ili is the best example), and other folk songs, usually accompanied by either
percussion, wind or string instruments. Traditional dances that have been recorded by the

Spaniards are the harito, balitaw, liay, lalong kalong, imbong, inay-inay, and binanog. Some of

these dances are still being performed today.

Mention must be made of Ilonggo zarzuela, the most popular form of vernacular

entertainment in Western Visayas in the first half of the 20th century. The zarzuela is a musical

stage play depicting the everyday life and aspirations of the Ilonggos that made famous a number

of local writers. It also catapulted into prominence the Iloilo-Bacolod Troupe (ILOBAC) that

performed before capacity audiences in the cities and municipalities of Iloilo and Negros

Occidental. With regard to handicrafts, the one that is considered the "queen", both in the past

and in the present, is weaving. For a while, during the late 18th century and early 19th centuries,

Iloilo was referred to as the "Textile Capital of the Philippines". Its woven products made of piña

fibers, cotton, silk and abaca were exported abroad, as well as to Manila and other parts of Luzon

and the Visayas. Iloilo is also known formulated its pottery-making, bolo-making and bamboo

crafts. During the Spanish period, it was well-known as the center of boat-building in the

Visayas, especially the town of Oton and the island of Guimaras. In fact, according to Spanish

record, there were galleons used by the Spaniards built in these places. Ilonggo culture is also

manifested in the people's penchant for colorful and luxurious celebrations. The Ilonggo always

finds an occasion to show his material affluence and his famous brand of hospitality. This

explains why other than the religious feasts like the patronal fiestas, Flores de Mayo and

Santacruzan, the Ilonggos have also indulged themselves in many festivals, aside from the world

famous Dinagyang in Iloilo City and Maskara in Bacolod City.

 Furthermore, Ilonggo culture is reflected in the wide range of its culinary delights, as in

the case of Batchoy, pancit molo, baye-baye, biscocho, inday-inday, binakol, bandi, piyaya, and

pinasugbo. Batchoy apparently has become a national passion, a case of Ilonggo cultural

colonization. This delightful concoction, usually advertised as "Original La Paz Batchoy", can

now be found anywhere in the Philippines - in the far north as the Ilocos region and in the far

south as Tawi-tawi. It is observed, however, that the batchoy taste in Iloilo could never be

duplicated elsewhere - it can only be approximated. Batchoy prepared by non-Ilonggos in other

places taste more like mami rather than the real thing.

https://www.thenewstoday.info/2006/06/09/what.ilonggo.culture.is.html#:~:text=Iloilo

%20is%20also%20host%20to,and%20houses%2C%20and%20famous%20delicacies.