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OSPE Physiology Lap (Osmosis)

The document discusses osmosis and tonicity. It defines osmosis as the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane towards the side with higher solute concentration. Only solutes that cannot pass through cell membranes have an osmotic effect. Plasma osmolality is normally 290 mosm/L and is used to define solutions as isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic relative to cells. Isotonic solutions do not change cell volume, while hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell and hypertonic solutions cause shrinking. [/SUMMARY]

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layla abdullah
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50 views6 pages

OSPE Physiology Lap (Osmosis)

The document discusses osmosis and tonicity. It defines osmosis as the movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane towards the side with higher solute concentration. Only solutes that cannot pass through cell membranes have an osmotic effect. Plasma osmolality is normally 290 mosm/L and is used to define solutions as isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic relative to cells. Isotonic solutions do not change cell volume, while hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell and hypertonic solutions cause shrinking. [/SUMMARY]

Uploaded by

layla abdullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫)‪(osmosis lab‬‬
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‬ ‫هذا ا>لف شامل للمحاضرة كاملة
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‬ ‫با‪L‬ضافة الى بعض ا>‪H‬حظات من شرح الدكتور
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‬ ‫بالتوفيق
يادكاترة " !‬
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‫تيم الفسيولوجي •‬
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# osmosis

• It is the movement of the solvent (water in our bodies) through a semipermeable

membrane from the soluton with low concentraton of solute to the soluton with

high concentraton of solute.

# osmosis the main cause of :

• movement of water in and out of cells.

• absorpton of water in the intestnes.

• water re-absorpton in the capillaries and in the renal tubules.

# Osmotic pressure

• The ability of a soluton to absorb water from other solutons. It depends on the

number of the dissolved partcles of the solute.

# Which solute has osmotic efect?

• A solute will only produce an osmotc efect if the membrane does not allow it to

pass i.e the membrane is not permeable to it.


‫نها صغيرة و تستطيع‬/ ‫هذي الجزيئات‬


‫النفاذ عبر الغشاء ليس‬


‫سموزية‬/‫لها تأثير على ا‬

/‫نها كبيرة و‬/ ‫هذي الجزيئات‬

‫تستطيع النفاذ عبر الغشاء‬

‫سموزية‬/‫لها تأثير على ا‬

# Osmosis:

movement of solvent across Semi-permeable membrane to area of high

concentraton of solute

#Which solute has osmotic efect in our bodies?

‫جدار الشعيرات الدموية عالي النفاذية عشان‬

• All solutes have osmotc efect across cell membranes


‫زما بروت> اللي تسبب ضغط‬B‫كذا بس الب‬

• Only colloids have osmotc efect across capillary membrane ( ‫بس غشاء الخلية كل شيء ذايب له أثر )ضغط‬


‫ن نفاذيته منخفضه‬Q ‫إسموزي‬

#ECF osmolality

• The osmolality of plasma is 275 ‒ 300 mosm/L. the average value for adults is

290 mosm/L.

• It is mostly due to crystalloids (Na+, Cl-, glucose, bicarbonates, k+, ca2+, PO3-).

• mosm = mmol/number of dissociatng partcles

• 1 mmol of Na+ = 1 mosm

• 1 mmol of NaCl = 2 mosm Cl ‫ و‬Na ‫نه يتأين الى‬N

• 1 mmol of glucose = 1 mosm

• 1 mmol of CaCl2 = 3 mosm ECF osmolarity depend one the number of solutes


‫نجمع اعداد الجزئيات مع بعض بغض النظر عن النوع‬

#Osmotic pressure
‫ جزيئات‬٣ = ‫ بوتاسيوم‬١ + ‫صوديوم‬٢ ‫يعني عادي اقول‬

• It is expressed as osmolality.

• 1 mosm/L of solute generates about 19 mmHg of pressure.

• The average osmolality of the extracellular fuid (plasma osmolality) 290mosm/L

(about 5500 mmHg).

• the osmotc pressure due to colloids is 1.3 mosm/L (25 mmHg).

• The osmolality of the intracellular fuid is normally equal to that of the extracellular

fuid.

#Plasma tonicity

• The osmolality of plasma (275 ‒ 300 mosm/L)is called its tonicity

•isotonic( 275 -300 mosm/L) is a soluton that has osmolality almost like plasma

• hypotonic ( < 275 mosm/L ) is a soluton with osmolality lower than plasma

•hypertonic ( > 300 mosm/L ) is a soluton with osmolality higher than plasma

What happend to cells in:

• Isotonic solution : no change

• Hypotonic solution : swell, malfunction and may rupture

• Hypertonic solution : shrink and malfunction


hypotonic solution

hypertonic solution

# Our cells

• Our body cells are surrounded by the ECF. They live in an isotonic soluton.

• Intravenous fuids given to patents are usually isotonic to avoid osmotc injury to

cells.

• The most commonly used isotonic soluton is 0.9% NaCl which is also called 9/L.

its osmolality is about 306 mosm/L.

• Another commonly used isotonic soluton is 5% dextrose (glucose)

‫ للمريض عالية‬toncity‫ إذا كانت ال‬hypotonic ‫غذيات‬h‫أحيانا تكون ا‬


( ‫ركزية ) القريبة للقلب‬h‫ورده ا‬Q‫ قويه لذلك أحطها بمنطقه فيها سريان دم عالي مثل ا‬hypertonic‫غذيات ال‬h‫ا‬

‫أما البقيه عادي يتم حقنهم بأي مكان‬

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