PROF.

LUISA ARMAS

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 TALK ABOUT THINGS THAT
Unit 4 HAS JUST HAPPENED
CONTENTS
Present Perfect tense / Past tense
Vocabulary: Talk about the pictures

Describe each one of the pictures saying what you think has happened:
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Write sentences expressing different situations that have happened in your life as a student:.
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Answer these questions:

Have you ever been on board? When? Where?

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Have you studied any other career?

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Pronunciation
ae and ar
We had a farm

Listen again and repeat

Write the words in the box in the correct column.

Car cat half fat flat farm calm had hard

ae ar

Listen and underline the words you hear.

1. car cat calm 2. Fat flat farm

3. half had hard 4 Car ca calm

Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. Do you like reading? 5. Do you read the newspaper every day?

2. If yes, what do you like reading? 6. Do you prefer to read a book or watch a movie?
3. Are you reading anything right now? 7. Do you think your reading habits are typical of
4. Where do you usually read?

Do you read ?

Newspaper yes no once a week --- usually on Sundays

Magazines yes no ______________________________
_
Novels yes no ______________________________
_
History books yes no ______________________________
_

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J.K. Rowling

J.K. Rowling was born in Bristol on July 31st, 1965. She has one sister who is two years
younger than her. Both girls loved listening to their father reading bedtime stories to them. They
particularly loved stories about fantasy worlds and fabulous adventures. She wrote her first stay.
Called rabbit, at the age of six. After she graduated in French from Exeter University, Rowling
worked as a translator and researcher for Amnesty International in London. During this time, on a
particularly long train trip from Manchester to London in the summer of 1990, the idea came to her
of a boy who is a wizard but doesn`t know it.

In 1990, Rowling moved to Portugal to teach English and fell in love with a Portuguese TV
journalist. When her marriage ended in divorce, Rowling returned to Britain with her baby daughter
and a suitcase full of notes about Harry Potter and his adventures. She went to live in Edinburgh to
be near her sister and she dedicated her time to finish the first Harry Potter book.

Harry Potter and the philosopher`s stone appeared in June, 1997 and was instantly successful.
The publishers have translated the book into approximately 30 languages and the movie broke
box office records when it came out in November, 2001.

J.K. Bowling is very happy with the success of her hero and she is currently working a completing
the seven-part saga. She`s writing full time and she`s really enjoying life. And what about when the
Harry Potter series finishes? She says she`s going to continue to live a normal life in Edinburgh
with her daughter, Jessica, and she`s going to continue to write children’s books.

Taken from: Elevator3

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 Answer these questions.

1. Who is Harry Potter.?

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2. Have you seen any of the movies?
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3. Have you read any of the books?
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4. What are they about?
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5. Why are they so successful?
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Grammar
PRESENT PERFECT AND SIMPLE PAST.

Using the Present Perfect

When we talk about experiences without referring to a specific time in the past we use the
Present Perfect. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that has just been
completed or to talk about an action that happened in the past but will happen again in the
present or future

To form the Present Perfect, we use have-has / past participle.

Affirmative sentences.
We use subject / have -has /past participle. We have done the work.
Peggy has ironed the clothes
Negative sentences.
We use: subject / haven’t /past participle. I haven’t cooked lunch yet.
Anthony hasn`t studied the lesson.
Questions.
We use : have _has/ subject /past participle. Have you finished you homework?
Has Peggy visited London?
Information questions.
We use (what-where-when-why-who-how) have _ has subject / past participle.
What have you studied? Where has she lived? ……..

Short answers.
To give short answers we use:
Yes,I
NO,I__________

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 GRAMMARGrammar
GRAMMAR

Irregular past participle

drive-driven; fly- flown; put-put; meet- met; Have-had; go-gone; be-been; take-taken
pay-paid; do-done; write-written; eat-eaten; read-read; say-said; speak-spoken; win-won;
tell-told; sweep-swept; buy-bought; drink-drunk; find-found.

Regular past participle.

Pass-passed; clean-cleaned; Iron-Ironed; graduate- graduated; travel-traveled; visit-
visited; Finish-finished; walk-walked; study-studied; call-called; learn-learned; produce-
produced.

Present perfect tense vs. simple past tense.

The present perfect tense is used to show an The simple past tense is used to show an action

action that happened at any time in the past. that happened at a specific time in the past.

Alan has been to many countries. He went to France last year.

We often use time expressions with the simple past tense

We use expressions like-just-never-ever-with the present perfect tense.

Have you ever been to another country?

Alan has just returned from France. I have

Using the simple past. When we talk about a specific event in the past we use the
Simple Past and not the Present Perfect.

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Complete the sentences with the present perfect tense. Use the words given.

1. Alan _______________ (wash) the car.

2. _____________ (you, buy) the groceries?

3 .I _______________ not, put away) the clothes.

4. _________________ (Peter, sweep) the floor?

5. They ______________ (not, pay) their telephone bill.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. Last summer, we ___ _________ (go) to the Maldives.

2.I ________________ (live) in the same house all my life.
3. John ______________ (never travel) abroad.

4. Italy ____________ (win) the world Cup in2006.

5. Brazil _____________ (win) the world Cup five times.

Write the verbs in parentheses in the Simple Past or Present Perfect.

A _________ you ever ___________ (visit) the USA?

B: Yes, I have. I _________ (be) to San Francisco.

A: When ____________you _________ (go)?

B: About ten years ago. I ___________ (go) on vacation with my family.

A: Where _____________you ________ (stay)?

B: We __________(stay) in a hotel.

A: ____________you _______(have) a goodtime?

B: Yes, it ______ (be) fantastic!

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 Conversation 8

Listen and complete the questions.

1. Have you_______________ from college?

2. Have you ever ______________ as a tour guide?

3. Who is the most interesting person you have ever _______________ ?

4. Have you ________________ your driving test?

Answer these questions.

1. Has Richard ever traveled abroad?

________________________________________________________________
2.How many countries has Erin visited?
___________________________________________________________________________

3. Who is the most interesting person Erin has met?

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4. Has Richard passed his driving test?

___________________________ _________________________________________________

5. Has Erin graduated from college?

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Conversation 9

Listen to the sentences. Check the correct column.

Full form Reduced form
1. Has she left? ------------- ---------------
2. Have you finished? ________ _________
3 Has he read this book? ________ _________
4. Have you done your homework? ________ ----------------
5. I have never been to the United States. ________ _________

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 Complete the chart.

Verb Past participle Verb Past

participle
1. eat _____________ 9. take _____________
2 win _____________ 10. ___________ told
3 have _____________ 11 ___________ paid
4. ___________ met 12. drink _____________
5. ___________ gone 13. ___________ put
6 .sweep _____________ 14. say _____________

Circle the correct form of the verb-simple past or present perfect tense.

1. Sumi (traveled/has traveled) to USA two times.

2. Last year, she (went / have gone) to Spain.

3. Our class (finished/has finished) 10 units in World English so far.

4. The weather (was/has been) very cold last week.

3. David is a TV reporter. He (met/has met) many famous people.

4. I (know/have known) my best friend all my life.

5. Justin (started/has started) a new job in October.
6. Marcela is a famous writer. She (wrote/has written) 10 books.

Complete the sentences using the present perfect of the verbs in brackets.

My name is Lynne Carter. I work for a travel company called Time ways Travel. I`ve

_____________(be) a travel agent for six years now. I’m the manager of Time ways Travel London office.

I________________(have)thisjobforthreeyears.I’vegotanewflatinLondon.I ________________ (live)there

For six months. My boy friend’s name is Bruno. We __________ (know) each other for two years Bruno

is Italian. but he _______________(live) in England for over five years. He works for Radio. He

_____________(have) this job for a year.

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Complete the conversation using the present perfect
Lynne I s meeting two clients. Ben and Patty Crawford. Ben and Patty are on holiday in London.
Lynne: How is your hotel?
Ben: Great! It’s the best hotel I __________________(ever/stay) in.
Patty: Yes, Ben is really pleased. He ______________ (never/sleep) in such a big bed before.
But he won’t be so pleased when we get the bill. It’s also the most expensive hotel we ______
______________ (ever/stay) in!
Lynne: ______________________ (you/be) to London before, Ben?
Ben: No, I ____________________ (not/be) here before, but Patty _________ (be) a number of
times. Haven’t you, Patty?
Patty: That’s right. But the last time was ten years ago and London ______________ (change) a lot since
then.
Lynne: And what are you going to do this afternoon?
Patty: well I __________________(never/see) Madame Tussaud’s .We __________ (hear) a lot about
it from friends, so we thought we’d go there.
Lynne: well It’s late for me. I need to go. See you later.
Patty: See you dear friend. Have a nice day.

AMAZING ACHIVEMENTS.STEPHEN HAWKING.

Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world today. He uses
mathematics to study space and the universe. He has written several famous books. He wrote A
Brief History of Time in 1988, and more than 9 million people have bought this book. Other
scientist in the world.
Hawking has faced terrible problems in his life. When he was 21, he got a serious disease called,
ALS .the disease quickly got worse, and soon he couldn`t walk or speak. Now, he can move only
his left hand. He uses a wheelchair with a motor to get around. He ¨talks¨ by typing into words a
computer. The computer pronounces the words for him.
But for Hawking, his work is more important than his problems. Now he is interested in the
beginning of the universe. He teaches at Cambridge University in England, and gives lectures at
other universities. He has written many important scientist papers and has won many prizes for
his work. He has appeared in several movies and has been on TV many times. He has traveled in
countries around the world, and he has even traveled in space! In 2007, he went up on a special
zero- gravity plane.
Hacking’s achievements are truly amazing. Even though his body is a wheel chair, his mind
explores the universe. Taken from: Elevator3

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Read the text and underline the verbs in past and present perfect present tense then Find
the information in the article.

1. What is Stephen Hacking’s ob?_________________________________________________

2 What health problems does he have?____________________________________________
3. How does he gets around?_____________________________________________________
4. How does he communicate?___________________________________________________
5. What is he interested in now?__________________________________________________

SELECT TRUE OR FALSE.

1. Hawking has written a lot of important scientist papers. T F

2. He isn’t one of the most famous scientists in the world today. T F
3. He has written several famous books T F
4. He never uses a wheelchair with a motor to get around T F
5. He teaches at Cambridge University in England T F

Immigrants.
Speaking.

Why do you think people emigrate from one country to another? What
are the effects of immigration on a country like U.S.?

The United States is a country formed by immigrants. between 1850 and 1930 the U.S. took
in about 35 million people. Of those people, 6 million came from Germany, about million each from
Italy and Ireland (1 million more than live in Ireland today), 3.3 million from Russia, and 2.5 million
from Scandinavia.
In 1980, four out of five people in New York City were either foreign-born or the children of
immigrants. Why did so many people come? Mainly to escape from poverty in their own countries,
and in some cases as a result of persecution for religious or political beliefs. In the last half of the
20thcentury, immigration slowed, but people still come to the United States because there was not
enough work or there were too many problems in their own country. In 1997, the United States
received a total of 798,378 immigrants. Many of these came from Mexico (147.000) Southeast Asia
(128.000), and the Caribbean (about 110.000).
The results of immigration can be seen in the number of foreign words in English and in the
food and cosmopolitan culture of the United States. There have also been many famous immigrants
or children of immigrants, including Charlie Chaplin (British), Albert Einstein (German), Madonna
(Italian), and Arnold Schwarzenegger (Australian).

Taken from:Skyhigh 3.

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Read and Answer these questions

1. Was the period of greatest immigration into the U.S. before or after 1930?

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2. Which three countries were the source of most of the immigration during that period?

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3. What was surprising about the population in New York at the end of the 19 thcentury?
________________________________________________________________

4.What were the main reasons for immigration to U.S.?

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5. Where have immigrants mostly come from since the 1950s?

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6.What are the main influences of immigration?

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Speaking.

In groups, discuss these questions.

Has there been any large-scale immigration to your country? Where have the immigrants come
from?

Why did these groups come to your country and what effects have they had?

Do you know any immigrants? If so, where are they from originally?

Write a short paragraph expressing your opinion about these questions.

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