Introduction (Main Features) : Distance Relay Pyts
Introduction (Main Features) : Distance Relay Pyts
Introduction (Main Features) : Distance Relay Pyts
- As static circuits are used, so they have low burden on Ct’s and Pt’s.
- K 0 compensation available.
- Three directional zones Z 1, Z 2, Z 3 and the fourth zone is starter, which is non
directional but option is available to make it directional too.
Ct ratio: 600/5
K0: 0.7
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Zone 1 = 85% of the first section i.e. AB
Z 2 Primary= AB complete + 50 % of BC
Very important to note that in zone 2, zone 3 and in zone 4, flexibility is allowed in settings.
Next Zone 4
Z 4 Primary = 110 % of Z 3
Z4 Primary = 1.1 x 70.64 = 77 ohms. (Angle does not apply as it is direction less)
Secondary values
Z1 = K1 x K Z x K D
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K1 = 0.25, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0 (in some it has a
continuous adjustment).
Z2 = K2 x K1x KZ x KD or Z2 = K 2 x Z1
K2 = 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10
Z3 = K3 x K1x KZ x KD or Z3 = K 3 x Z1
KZ x KD >= Z1
KZ x KD >= 2.92
By checking the values for both K ‘s in above we see that we will have
KZ = 3 (it may not be available in some relays- they will have 4-so we will take 4)
and KD = 1
Or K1 x 3 x 1 = 2.92
K1 = 2.92 / 3 = 0.97
Z2 = K 2 x Z1
4.478 = K 2 x 2.92
Z3 = K 3 x Z1
7.064 = K 3 x 2.92
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Zone 4 settings are
Z= K/ I
7.7 = K/ 5
7.7 * 5 = K
38.5 = K
All these settings of knobs on the relay will be set to achieve the desired settings. It is very important to note
that if a setting can not be implemented on a knob it is better to take the next higher so that the protection
zone is extended but care must be taken in zone 1, such that after extension zone 1 reach does not extend
beyond 90 % of the first section.
Therefore, select K1N and K ZN such that we get this value, and
K ZN =
:- module nos. 3
:- module nos. 5
:- module nos. 6
In PYTS relays there is another module for power swing settings. Although details of power swing
are to be explained in coming chapters but for the time being the settings are detailed below.
The outer reach of power swing circle is set on the left most module, while the inner circle will be that of Z 4.
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To set Z PS the formula is the same as that for Z 4. Just select reach in ohms as for Z and than apply the
following formula.
Z PS = K / I
These are:-
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