Six Periods of Church History

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SIX PERIODS OF CHURCH HISTORY DESCRIPTION

It is the period where it marks the beginning of


the Christian Church’s mission to the world. The
1. The Birth of the Church and the period of
Holy Spirit is the founder of the Church and Jesus
Apostles
was the inspiration that gave birth to the first
Christian community, the apostolic church.
In this period, the Church has experienced ill-
treatment because of refusal to participate in
pagan rituals, reluctance to worship emperors
and their gods, they perceive Christians as threats
to the empire, exclusivity, cannibalism, incest,
2. The persecuted Church and the nature of Christian beliefs. However, one
effect of persecution is that it strengthens the
Christian’s faith and proved their faithfulness to
God and their mission for the Kingdom. The
Church also defended and protected their ground
against attacks of heretical teachings.
In this period, the coalition of the church and the
state paved way for their unity during medieval
ages which was proved to be one of the turning
points in the history of the Church. The Church
has encountered various interpretation
3. Unity and Division within the Church pertaining to its dogma and doctrines which
ushered the age of ecumenical councils standing
up against heresies. The different events led to
the unity and division within the Church but no
matter what divisive events comes in our lives; it
must not hinder for our faith to prosper.
In this period, the Church was under Feudalism
with effects of the Church becoming the primary
unifying element to the society, resolving
disputes and unites from adversaries and
proliferation of Roman Catholic to every
individual in the empire. There’s also separation
of the East and West due to imposing of Latin
4. Church in Medieval Period rites to Easter Churches, East imposing its rites on
Latin Churches in Constantinople, and Latin
practices condemned of using unleavened bread
and enforcing celibacy on clergy. The Church has
also organized as many as 14 crusades to fight off
foreign invasions threating Christianity and taking
its Holy places which lasted for a few hundred
years.
5. Renewal in the Church In this period, there are series of events and
circumstances leading to the reformation. These
are black death, papal controversy, unworthy
Popes to the throne, selling of indulgences and
the reformers or protestants including Martin
Luther who wrote 95 theses of his dismay and
dissatisfaction to the Church as his protest, Ulrich
Zwingli who used violence to promote his ideas,
and John Calvin known for his influential writing.
In Lutheran beliefs, four fundamental points
which the Catholic Church found unacceptable
with teaching of the reformers are: an
exaggerated idea of the power of sin, wrong idea
of the role of faith, misunderstanding of the
function of sacraments, and a rejection of the
authority of the Church.
In this period, an issue pertaining to application
of human reason in all human affairs and
concerns to pursuit of “knowledge, freedom, and
happiness” persists. The works of Rene Descartes
were used by rationalists to show that reason can
prove anything, faith is not needed, and they
believed that all truths could be achieved by
reason alone. The second Vatican council was
called upon for “Aggiornamento”- renewal or
6. Church in the Modern World “bringing something up to date” which resulted
to the Catholic Church opening its window to the
modern world, updated the liturgy, and started a
dialogue with other religions. Even with the
disagreement on certain scientific findings, the
condemnation against secularism and atheism
and the need to adapt the signs of the times in
the modern world, the Church truly provide
herself as ecclesia semper reformanda- “the
Church must always be reformed.”

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