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    Experiment No. 3 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement

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    Marvin Lucky Allas
    1. The student conducted an experiment to determine the normal consistency of a hydraulic cement sample using a semi-automatic Vicat apparatus, in accordance with ASTM C187-98. 2. Two trials were performed by mixing the cement with different percentages of water and measuring the penetration of the Vicat plunger. The second trial with 37% water content resulted in a 6mm penetration, indicating normal consistency. 3. The normal consistency is important because it represents the water-cement ratio that provides maximum strength through proper hydration, and will be used to determine the cement's initial and final setting times in subsequent experiments.

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    Experiment No. 3 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Lucky Allas
    43 views4 pages
    1. The student conducted an experiment to determine the normal consistency of a hydraulic cement sample using a semi-automatic Vicat apparatus, in accordance with ASTM C187-98. 2. Two trials were performed by mixing the cement with different percentages of water and measuring the penetration of the Vicat plunger. The second trial with 37% water content resulted in a 6mm penetration, indicating normal consistency. 3. The normal consistency is important because it represents the water-cement ratio that provides maximum strength through proper hydration, and will be used to determine the cement's initial and final setting times in subsequent experiments.

    Original Title

    EXPERIMENT NO. 3

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    1. The student conducted an experiment to determine the normal consistency of a hydraulic cement sample using a semi-automatic Vicat apparatus, in accordance with ASTM C187-98. 2. Two trials were performed by mixing the cement with different percentages of water and measuring the penetration of the Vicat plunger. The second trial with 37% water content resulted in a 6mm penetration, indicating normal consistency. 3. The normal consistency is important because it represents the water-cement ratio that provides maximum strength through proper hydration, and will be used to determine the cement's initial and final setting times in subsequent experiments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    43 views4 pages

    Experiment No. 3 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Lucky Allas
    1. The student conducted an experiment to determine the normal consistency of a hydraulic cement sample using a semi-automatic Vicat apparatus, in accordance with ASTM C187-98. 2. Two trials were performed by mixing the cement with different percentages of water and measuring the penetration of the Vicat plunger. The second trial with 37% water content resulted in a 6mm penetration, indicating normal consistency. 3. The normal consistency is important because it represents the water-cement ratio that provides maximum strength through proper hydration, and will be used to determine the cement's initial and final setting times in subsequent experiments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    GROUP NO: 3 RATING

    NAME: ALLAS, MARVIN LUCKY D. DATE PERFORMED: 02 – 24 – 2020


    YEAR AND SECTION: BSCE 2A DATE SUBMITTED: 03 – 09 – 2020

    EXPERIMENT NO. 3
    NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT

    (ASTM C187-98 STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF HYDRAULIC


    CEMENT)

    OBJECTIVE:
    TO DETERMINE THE NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT SAMPLE USING
    SEMI-AUTOMATIC VICAT APPARATUS
    SCOPED OF THE TEST:
    THIS STANDARD METHOD COVERS THE DETERMINATION OF NORMAL CONSISTENCY
    OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT SAMPLE USING THE SEMI-AUTOMATIC VICAT APPARATUS.
    THIS IS DONE BY DETERMINING THE REQUIRED AMOUNT OF WATER TO PREPARE
    THE CEMENT PASTE. IT WILL REQUIRE TRIAL MIXES UNTIL THE DESIRED
    CONSISTENCY IS ACHIEVED
    THEORY:
    THE PRESENCE OF WATER TO FORM A CHEMICAL REACTION IN CEMENT IS
    REQUIRED TO MAKE A CEMENT PASTE. THERE IS A PARTICULAR AMOUNT OF WATER
    REQUIRED TO BE MIXED WITH THE CEMENT TO ACQUIRE THE MAXIMUM STRENGTH
    IT POSSESS AND IT IS CALLED THE NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT.
    INSUFFICIENCY IN THE AMOUNT OF WATER WILL RESULT TO A REDUCTION IN
    STRENGTH
    APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:

     SEMI-AUTOMATIC VICAT APPARATUS WITH STANDARD PLUNGER


     CONICAL RING
     NON-ABSORPTIVE PLATE DISC
     WEIGHING SCALE
     GRADUATED CYLINDER
     SPATULA
     MIXING PAN
     MIXING SPOON
     CEMENT
     POTABLE WATER

    TEST PROCEDURES:
    1. PREPARATION OF THE APPARATUS (CALIBRATION)
    1.1. IN THE UPPER PORTION OF THE SEMI-AUTOMATIC VICAT APPARATUS RESTS
    THE HYDRAULIC REGULATOR. THIS CONTROLS THE FALLING SPEED OF THE
    PLUNGER. ADJUST IT UNTIL THE FALLING FOR THE 40 mm DISTANCE IS 6 TO 7
    SECONDS.
    1.2. INSTALL THE STANDARD PLUNGER IN THE APPARATUS. PLACE THE NON
    ABSORPTIVE PLATE DISC ON THE BASE AND THEN LOWER DOWN THE
    SLIDING ROD UNTIL THE PLUNGER REACHERS THE PLATE.
    1.3. ADJUST THE READING INDICATOR TO ZERO.
    1.4. PLACE LITTLE AMOUNT OF GREASE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CONICAL RING
    AND THEN ATTACH IT TO THE GLASSPLATE
    2. PREPARATION OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT SAMPLE
    2.1. PREPARE 650 GRAMS OF CEMENT AND PLACE IT ON A MIXING PLATE. SET A
    TRIAL PERCENTAGE OF WATER TO BE ADDED ON THE CEMENT.
    2.2. COMPUTE FOR THE MASS OF WATER AND PREPARE IT USING A BEAKER AND
    WEIGHING SCALE.
    2.3. ADD THE WATER TO THE CEMENT AND MIX IT THOROUGHLY. TURN THE
    CEMENT PASTE INTO A BALL WITH YOUR HANDS.
    2.4. TOSS THE CEMENT PASTE BALL ALTERNATELY TO YOUR HANDS 6 TIMES
    WITH A 6 in DISTANCE.
    2.5. PLACE IT ON THE LARGER OPENING OF THE CONICAL RING COVER IT USING A
    NON-ABSORPTIVE PLATE AND SCRAPE OFF THE EXCESS PASTES USING A
    SPATULA. MAKE SURE THAT WHEN YOU SCRAPE AND SMOOTHEN THE
    SPECIMEN, THERE WILL BE NO APPLIED FORCE TO THE PASTE.
    3. TEST PROCEDURE
    3.1. PLACE THE CONICAL RING ON TOP OF THE NON ABSORPTIVE PLATE AND TO
    THE SEMI-AUTOMATIC VICAT APPARATUS.
    3.2. LIFT UP THE HYDRAULIC REGULATOR TO CONTROL THE SPEED OF THE
    PLUNGER THEN RELEASE THE ROD IMMEDIATELY. MAKE SURE THAT THIS
    PROCEDURE MUST NOT EXCEED 30 SECONDS AFTER THE FINAL MIXING OF
    THE CEMENT.
    3.3. THE CEMENT PASTE IS IN NORMAL CONSISTENCY WHEN THE PLUNGER
    READS 6 mm ABOVE THE GLASS PLATE. IF NOT MAKE ANOTHER CEMENT
    PASTE WITH A DIFFERENT AMOUNT OF WATER TO BE ADDED. IF THE
    READING IS ABOVE 6 mm THEN THE SPECIMEN LACKS WATER BUT IF IT IS
    BELOW 6 mm THEN THE SPECIMEN HAS MORE WATER THAT THE REQUIRED
    AMOUNT.
    DATA SHEET:

    WEIGHT OF WEIGHT OR VOLUME PERCENT OF PENETRATION OF


    TRIAL
    CEMENT OF WATER WATER (%) PLUNGER (mm)
    1 650 g 188.5 g 29 % 30 mm
    2 650 g 240.5 g 37 % 6 mm

    CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS:


    Amount of Water=Weight of Cement ( Percent of Water)

    TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2
    W 1=650 g ( 29 % ) W 1=650 g ( 37 % )
    W 1=188.5 g W 1=240.5 g
    RESULT 1 RESULT 1
    Penetration of Plunger=30 mm Penetration of Plunger=6 mm

    FIGURES AND DIAGRAMS:


    DISCUSSION/ OBSERVATION/ ANALYSIS:
    THE CONSISTENCY OF HYDRAULIC CEMENT IS PEFORMED TO DETERMINE THE
    AMOUNT OF WATER TO BE ADDED IN PORTLAND CEMENT TO ACQUIRE ITS
    STANDARD CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT. THE AMOUNT OF WATER ADDED IN CEMENT
    PAVES WAY FOR THE VICAT PLUNGER TO PENETRATE 6 mm FROM THE BOTTOM OF
    THE NON-ABSORPTIVE PLATE. IT IS IMPORTANT TO DETERMINE ITS CONSISTENCY
    BECAUSE WHEN THE WATER IS MIXED WITH CEMENT, HYDRATION AND CHEMICAL
    REACTION STARTS TO TAKES PLACE. EXCESS AMOUNT OF WATER RESULTS IN THE
    INCREASE IN WATER TO CEMENT RATIO LEADING TO LOSS OF STRENGTH IN
    CEMENT WHEN IT HARDENS. INSUFFICIENCY IN WATER MAKES THE CEMENT NOT
    PROPERLY HYDRATED LEADING TO LOSS IN STRENGTH AT THE SAME TIME. THE
    CONSISTENCY WILL THEN BE USED FOR THE DETERMINATION OF INITIAL AND FINAL
    TIME SETTING OF CEMENT. THERE WERE DIFFERENT FACTORS CAUSING THE
    VARIATION IN NORMAL CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT SUCH AS WEATHER CONDITIONS,
    EXCESSIVE COMPOSITION OF SILICA, FINENESS OF CEMENT, AND PRODUCTION OF
    COMPANIES.
    CONCLUSION:
    AS FOR THE CONCLUSION, THE CEMENT REQUIRES 37% OF WATER TO ATTAIN ITS
    NORMAL CONSISTENCY AND MAXIMUM STRENGTH. THE NORMAL CONSISTENCY AS
    PER ASTM STANDARD MUST BE BETWEEN 27% to 30%. THUS, TELLING US THAT THE
    CEMENT SAMPLE MAY UNDERGONE DIFFERENT FACTORS LEADING TO A NOT
    ACCURATE VALUE THAN THE STANDARD. FURTHERMORE, THE NORMAL
    CONSISTENCY WILL BE USED FOR INITIAL AND FINAL TIME SETTING OF CEMENT. THE
    37% MAY NOT BE ALIGNED WITH THE ASTM STANDARD BUT IT IS STILL THE
    CONSISTENCY NEEDED FOR THE CEMENT SAMPLE.

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