Analysis of The Kartilya NG Katipunan

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Analysis of the "Kartilya ng Katipunan

This primary source also needs to be analyzed in terms of content


and context. As a written document for a fraternity whose main purpose
is to overthrow a colonial regime, we can explain the content and
provisions of the Kartilya as a reaction and response to certain value
systems that they found despicable in the present state of things that
they struggled against with. For example, in the fourthand the thirteen
rules in the Kartilya are an invocation of the inherentequality between
and among men regardless of race, occupation or status. In the context
of the Spanish colonial era where the indios were treated as the inferior
of the white Europeans, the Katipunan saw to it that the alternative
order that they wished to promulgate through their revolution
necessarily destroyed this kind of unjust hierarchy.
Moreover, one can analyze the values upheld in the document as
consistent with the burgeoning rational and liberal ideals in the
eighteenth and nineteenth century. Equality, tolerance, freedom, and
liberty were values that first emerged in the eighteenth century French
Revolution, which spread throughout Europe and reached the educated
class of the colonies. Jacinto,an ilustrado himself, certainly got an
understanding of these values. Aside from the liberal values that can
be dissected in the document, we can also decipher certain Victorian
and chivalrous values in the text. For example, various provisions in
the Kartilya repeatedly emphasized the importance of honor in words
and in action. The teaching of the Katipunan on how women should be
treated with honor and respect, while positive in many respects and
certainly a significant stride from the practice of raping and physically
abusing women, can still be telling of the Katipunan's secondary regard
for women in relation to men. For example, in the tenth rule, tne
document of specifically stated that men should be the guide of women
and children, and that he should set a good example, otherwise the
women and children would be guided guided in the path of evil.
Nevertheless, the same documents stated that women should be
treated as companions of men not as playthings that can be exploited
for their pleasure.
ln the contemporary eyes, the Katipunan can be criticizedbecause
of these provisions. However, one must not forget the contextwhere the
organization was born. Not even in Europe or in the whole of the West
at that juncture recognized the problem of genderinequality. Indeed, it
can be argued that Katipunan's recognition of women as important
partners in the struggle, as reflected not just in Kartilya but also in the
organizational structure of the fraternity where a women's unit was
established, is an endeavor advanced for its time. Aside from Rizal's
known Letter to the Women of Malolos, no same effort by the supposed
cosmopolitan Propaganda Movement was achieved until the
movement's eventual disintegration in the latter part of the 1890s.
Aside from this, the Kartilya was instructive not just of the
Katipunan's conduct toward other people, but also for the members'
development as individuals in their own rights. Generally speaking, the
rules in the Kartilya can be classified as either directed to how oneshould
treat his neighbor or to how one should develop and conduct one's self,
Both are essential to the success and fulfillment of the Katipunan's
ideals. For example, the Kartilya's teachings on honoringone's word and
not wasting time are teachings directed toward self- development,
while the rules on treating the neighbor's wife, children,and brothers the
way that you want yours to be treated is an instruction on how
Katipuneros should treat and regard their neighbors.
All in all, proper reading of the Kartilya will reveal a more
thorough understanding of the Katipunan and the significant role thatit
played in the revolution and in the unfolding of the Philippine history,as
we know it.

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