Name: Score/Mark:

Year and Section: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY NO.6

Course SEAM3 Cargo Handling and Stowage (None Dangerous Goods)

IMO International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk (International
Grain Code)/ Terms used in International Grain (IGC) Code/
Procedures on the following operations- Preparing holds for the
reception of grain cargoes./ Sequence of loading grain/ Trimming
of Bulk Grain Cargoes
Topic

LO 1.7: Discuss the following cargo condition and its effects with
respect to the seaworthiness and stability of the ship
LO 1.8: Discuss the following terms used in International
Grain (IGC) Code/
Learning Outcome(s)
LO 1.9: Explain the procedures on the following
operations

Instructor 2M Bernard Anthony Flores Streegan

LO1.7 : Explain the outline contents of IMO International Code for

the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk (International Grain Code)
Ans. https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/Grain-
Code.aspx

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What is the International Code for grain in bulk?
o GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk - Res.
MSC.23(59)

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 GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in
bulk   - Res ...
puc.overheid.nl/nsi/doc/PUC_2405_14/1/
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 The International Grain Code applies to ships regardless of size, including
those of less than 500 gross tonnage, engaged in the carriage of grain in bulk
and to which part C of SOLAS chapter VI applies. The purpose of the Code is
to provide an international standard for the safe carriage of grain in bulk.

Is the MSC authorized by the IMO Assembly?

o The Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) is authorized by the IMO's
Assembly to adopt amendments to the Code, thus enabling the IMO to
respond promptly to developments in transport.

International   Maritime Solid   Bulk   Cargoes (IMSBC)   Code

www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/CargoesInBulk-default.aspx
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When did the imsbc code come into force?
o The IMSBC Code was adopted on 4 December 2008, by resolution
MSC.268 (85), and entered into force on 1 January 2011, from which
date it was made mandatory under the provisions of the SOLAS
Convention. Since then, the Code has been amended It is worth noting
that the IMSBC Code does not cover the carriage of grain in bulk.

International   Maritime Solid   Bulk   Cargoes (IMSBC)   Code

www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/CargoesInBulk-default.aspx

What do you mean by stowage factor in grain?

o 2.6 The term stowage factor, for the purposes of calculating the
grain heeling moment caused by a shift of grain, means the volume per
unit weight of the cargo as attested by the loading facility, i.e. no
allowance shall be made for lost space when the cargo space is
nominally filled.

GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in

bulk   - Res ...
puc.overheid.nl/nsi/doc/PUC_2405_14/1/
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3/9
2. ardda.gov.az   › uploads › images Grain Code International Code for
the Safe Carriage of ...
Grain Code  International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk – Resolution
MSC.23(59) Part A Specific requirements 2 Definitions 2 Definitions 2.1. The term grain

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 covers wheat, maize (corn), oats, rye, barley, rice, pulses, seeds and processed forms
thereof, whose

3. digitallibrary.un.org   › record › 101123 International code for the safe

carriage of grain in bulk ...
Title International code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk (International grain
code). Call number. IMO (092.1)/IN26. Authors IMO. Contains. International Code for the
Safe Carriage of Grain...
o Author: Imo
o Cited by: 1
o Publish Year: 1991

4.

Ans. The International Grain Code deals with Safe Carriage of

Grain in Bulk on ships. The grain code replaced the original
chapter VI of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, which contained
detailed regulations on the carriage of grain in bulk, with more
general requirements and placed the detailed provisions on grain in
a separate mandatory code.
1. Ans.

o What is the International Code for grain in bulk?

 The International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk is
commonly called the “International Grain Code” was adopted by
the IMO Maritime Safety Committee by resolution MSC.23 (59).
It applies to ships regardless of size, including those of less than
500grt, engaged in the carriage of grain in bulk. What is Grain
Cargo ?

Grain Code  and Hazard associated with  Grain  Cargo

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 www.seamanguide.com › 2020 › 11

What is the International Code for grain in bulk?

 GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk - Res.
MSC.23(59)

GRAIN International Code   for   the   safe carriage of   grain   in bulk -

Res ...
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When did the IMO adopt the international grain code?
 ~ US $22.81 – ~ US $26.75 The Maritime Safety Committee, at its 59th
session (May 1991), adopted a new International Grain Code.

International Grain Code   by IMO -   International   Maritime ...

www.nauticalmind.com/103883/international-grain-code-2/
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When does a ship have to comply with the grain code?
 2 A ship without such a document shall not load grain until the master
satisfies the Administration, or the Contracting Government of the port of
loading on behalf of the Administration, that the ship will comply with the
requirements of the International Grain Code in its proposed loaded
condition.” What code must a grain carrying ship conform to?

The grain code   | Navsregs

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Do you need a document of authorization to carry grain?
 It is required by SOLAS Chapter VI Safety of Cargoes. “1 In addition to any
other applicable requirements of the present regulations, a cargo ship carrying
grain shall comply with the requirements of the International Grain Code, and
hold a document of authorization as required by that Code.

2. People also ask

What is the International Code for grain in bulk?
o The International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk is
commonly called the “International Grain Code” was adopted by the

6/9
 IMO Maritime Safety Committee by resolution MSC.23 (59). It applies
to ships regardless of size, including those of less than 500grt,
engaged in the carriage of grain in bulk. What is Grain Cargo ?

Grain Code   and Hazard associated with   Grain   Cargo

www.seamanguide.com/2020/11/grain-code-and-hazard-associated-with.html
See all results for this question
When did the international grain code come into effect?
o Grain Code The International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in
Bulk is commonly called the “International Grain Code” was adopted by
the IMO Maritime Safety Committee by resolution MSC.23 (59). It
applies to ships regardless of size, including those of less than 500grt,
engaged in the carriage of grain in bulk. Effective 1 January 1994

Grain Code   and Hazard associated with   Grain   Cargo

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When did IMO adopt the equivalent grain regulations?
o These regulations adopted by the Assembly of IMO in October 1969
(resolution A.184 (VI)) and commonly known as the "1969
Equivalent Grain Regulations" have been widely-accepted and
used, in particular by Administrations of countries involved in the
international carriage of grain.

MSC.23(59)(Grain Code)Adoption of   the International

Code   ...
www.rise.odessa.ua/texts/msc23_59e.php3
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When did the imsbc code come into force?
o The IMSBC Code was adopted on 4 December 2008, by resolution
MSC.268 (85), and entered into force on 1 January 2011, from which
date it was made mandatory under the provisions of the SOLAS
Convention. Since then, the Code has been amended It is worth noting
that the IMSBC Code does not cover the carriage of grain in bulk.

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LO 1.8: Discuss the following terms used in International Grain
(IGC) Code:
-Grain
-Filled Compartment
-Partly-filled Compartment
-Quantity Clause
-Settling- Grains such as wheat, rye, maize, rice, oats, seeds
and their processed forms have been commonly transported
by ships. Grains have a tendency to settle and shift within a
ship's cargo compartments.
People also ask
What is the definition of a filled compartment?
 10.3 In any filled compartment, untrimmed the bulk grain shall be filled to the
maximum extent possible in way of the hatch opening but may be at its
natural angle of repose outside the periphery of the hatch opening. A
"filled compartment" may qualify for this classification if it falls into one of the
following categories:

o

Variation in Estimated Quantity Clause As a general rule,
the Variations in Estimated Quantity clause provides for
an equitable adjustment in the contract price when the quantity
of a pay item is an estimated quantity, and the actual quantity
varies more than 15 percent above or below the estimated
quantity.
www.cohenseglias.com/contracting-database/variation-in-estimated-quantity-
clause/
Variation in Estimated Quantity Clause - Government ...
Variation in Estimated Quantity Clause - Government Contracting - Cohen
Seglias

When is variation in estimated quantity clause not applicable?

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 o Similarly, it has been held that the clause is not applicable when the
cause of the variation is an erroneous estimate resulting from the
active misrepresentation, deliberate wrong, gross or inexcusable error,
or the negligence of the government.

Variation in Estimated Quantity Clause   | Government ...

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clause/
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When is the quantity of an item an estimated quantity?
o If the quantity of a unit-priced item in this contract is an estimated
quantity and the actual quantity of the unit-priced item varies more
than 15 percent above or below the estimated quantity, an equitable
adjustment in the contract price shall be made upon demand of either
party.

52.211-18   Variation in Estimated Quantity. |

Acquisition.GOV
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How does variation affect the cost per unit?
o But only to the extent that the variation quantity caused an
increase in the actual performance cost per unit. This is meant to avoid
any disputes regarding how much the profits and overhead costs are
affected by the variation. Sometimes, the increase or decrease in
quantity will not be covered under the variation clause.

Variation in Quantity   Clauses for Unit Price Contracts

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When is an equitable adjustment based on variation?
o The equitable adjustment shall be based upon any increase or
decrease in costs due solely to the variation above 115 percent or
below 85 percent of the estimated quantity.


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GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk -
Res ...
puc.overheid.nl/nsi/doc/PUC_2405_14/1/
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What does filled compartment in grain 10.2 mean?
 2.2 The term filled compartment, trimmed, refers to any cargo space in which,
after loading and trimming as required under A 10.2, the bulk grain is at its
highest possible level.

GRAIN International Code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk -

Res ...
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Which is specially suitable compartment on a ship?
 2.7 The term specially suitable compartment refers to a cargo space which is
constructed with at least two vertical or sloping, longitudinal, grain-tight
divisions which are coincident with the hatch side girders or are so positioned
as to limit the effect of any transverse shift of grain.

https://bulkcarrierguide.com/international-grain-code-
regulation.html
Grains such as wheat, rye, maize, rice, oats, seeds and their
processed forms have been commonly transported by ships.
Grains have a tendency to settle and shift within a ship's cargo
compartments.

A compartment may be full when the cargo is loaded but, due to

ship's vibration and other movements, the grain settles leaving
space at the top of the cargo. This space allows cargo to move
from side to side in conjunction with the rolling and pitching of
the vessel.

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 Fig: Hold of a bulk carrier that is grain clean and ready to load
As the cargo shifts the vessel lists to one side. The International
Grain Code was written at a time when grain was predominantly
carried onboard general cargo vessels, employing methods
including saucering, bundling and strapping. However, modern
bulk carriers are designed and constructed taking the problems of
carrying grain into consideration. The BLU Code refers to loading
and discharging operations and develops an understanding of
procedures.

SOLAS regulation VI/9.1 (Requirements for cargo ships carrying

grain) provides that a cargo ship carrying grain must hold a
Document of Authorization as required by the International Grain
Code, and for the purposes of regulation 9, the requirements of
the Code should be treated as mandatory. A ship without a
Document of Authorization must not load grain until the master
satisfies the flag State Administration, or the SOLAS Contracting
Government of the port of loading on behalf of the
Administration, that the ship will comply with the requirements of
the International Grain Code in its proposed loaded condition
(regulation 9.2).

The International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk is

commonly called the “International Grain Code” was adopted by
the IMO Maritime Safety Committee by resolution MSC.23(59). It
applies to ships regardless of size, including those of less than
500gt, engaged in the carriage of grain in bulk, to which part C of
chapter VI of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, as amended, applies
(A 1.1).

Intact grain stability criteria - Typical bulk carrier

11/9
Grain Code defines “grain” as including wheat, maize (corn), oats,
rye, barley, rice, pulses, seeds and processed forms thereof,
whose behaviour is similar to that of grain in its natural state .

A Document of Authorization must be issued by or on behalf of

the flag State Administration for every ship loaded in accordance
with the Code, and must be accepted as evidence that the ship is
capable of complying with the Code (A 3.1).

The Document of Authorization must accompany or be

incorporated into the Grain Loading Manual provided to enable
the master to meet the requirements of A 7 (A 3.2). The Manual
must meet the requirements of A 6.3 (A 3.2).

The Document of Authorization, grain loading stability data and

associated plans may be in the official language or languages of
the issuing country. If the language used is neither English nor
French, the text must include a translation into either English or
French.

A copy of the Document of Authorization, grain loading stability

data and associated plans must be placed on board so that the
master, if required, may produce them for inspection by the
SOLAS Contracting Government at the loading port (A 3.4).

The flag State Administration, or a SOLAS Contracting

Government on its behalf, may exempt individual ships or classes

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of ship from particular requirements of the Code if it considers
that the sheltered nature and conditions of the voyage are such
as to render their application unreasonable or unnecessary.

Information in printed booklet form (i.e. a Grain Loading Manual)

must be provided to enable the master to ensure that the ship
complies with the Code when carrying grain in bulk on an
international voyage (A 6.1). Information to be in the booklet is
listed in A 6.2 and A 6.3. The information in A 6.2 must be
acceptable to the flag State Administration (or a Contracting
Government on its behalf), while the information in A 6.3 must be
approved by that body.

A ship not having on board a Document of Authorisation issued in

accordance with A 3 of the Code may be permitted to load bulk
grain subject to certain conditions, one of which is that the total
weight of the bulk grain does not exceed one third of the ship’s
deadweight (A 9.1).

LO 1.9: Explain the procedures on the following operations:

-Preparing holds for the reception of grain cargoes

-Loading methods of grain (Sequence of loading grain)

Loading Grain | 5 Best Point to Remember

https://xmariner.com/loading-grain-5-best-point-to-remember/

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14/9
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Hazards Of Grain:
The Main Hazards Associates with Loading Grain are Settling and Shifting.

The Minor hazards are Dust Explosion, Rotting, Contamination However

these Can be Eliminate by Proper Stowage.

Settling & Shifting 

1)Loading Grain Settles by About 2% of its Volume  Because of this Small
Void Spaces that Exist on the Top of Grain Surface Increased 

2)Allows Grain to Shift 

3)The angle of Repose for Grain is 15-18 degrees So that Grain Can Shift at
15 degrees of Heel.

VHM:
Importantly, Volumetric Heeling Moments is Shift in Volume of Grain at an
Angle of Heel, We get VHM Grain Stability Booklet. 

Planning Load Grain 
1)Distribute Cargo in Each Holds.

2)Weight of Cargo / Stowage Factor =Volume of Cargo 

3)Get VHM from Stability Booklet 

4)Correction Back 

5)Corrected VHM 

6)SF

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7)WHM

Furthermore, If Total WHM > then Allowable Heeling Moments, Then

Redistribute the Cargo, So as to have more fully filled Compartments

Start Loading When unless you found WHM < Allowable Heelings Moment.

Following Documents Require:

1)Document Of Authorization(DOA)

2)Grain Stability Booklet 

3)Grain Code 

In addition, All Calculation to be Submitted to MMD

Content of Grain Stability Booklet

First and Foremost, Curves or  Tables of Volume,  Verticles Centre of
Volume and Assumed Volumetric Heeling movements of Every
Compartment Filled or Partly Filled.

2)However, Tables of Allowable Heeling Moments against various

Displacement & Various KG”s So  as to Compare 

3)Details of Scantling of Temporary Fittings.

4)Loading Instruction in Form of Note Summarizing the Requirements of

code. In addition to that worked example of Calculation.

5)Especially, Typical Loaded Arrival & Departure Condition & Calculation

Worst Severe Condition Using SF 1.25,1.50,1.25 m3/tones 

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Grain Stability Criteria with DOA
1)The Angle of Heel due to an Assumed Shift of Grain Should not Exceed 12
degree or for New, Ships Build after 1st Jan 1994, the Angle at Which Deck
Edge Increases Whichever is Less.

2)The Net or Residual Area Between the heeling Arm Curve and the
Righting Arm Curve up to Angle of Separation Between two Curves
40degree Whichever is less Should be at least 0.015 m radius

3)However, GM Should not be less than 0.30 meters.

4)Therefore, Vessel Shall be Upright During Departure.

5)However, Master Must Demonstrate Compliances with Criteria al all

stages of Voyages.

-Trimming of Bulk Grain Cargoes

People also ask
What is hold preparation for loading grain cargo on ships?
 Preparing Cargo Holds for loading Grain depends on the previous cargo.
Cargo Holds must be thoroughly cleaned and dry and trace of previous cargo
in frames, beams, girders, and other structure.

What is hold preparation   for   loading   grain   cargo   on   ships? |

MarineGyaan
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When do you start preparing the cargo hold?
 Preparation starts well before the cargo first lands on the tank-top and a
number of factors must be considered to ensure that the preparation is
targeted, effective and correct. Sweeping out the hold and washing it down
may be acceptable for one type of cargo, but may not be effective for another.

18/9
 Guidance   on preparing   cargo   holds   and loading   of   solid ...
www.skuld.com/topics/cargo/solid-bulk/general-advice/guidance-on-preparing-cargo-
holds-and-loading-of-solid-bulk-cargoes/
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What happens when cargo hold is not cleaned?
 Cargo Hold Cleaning When cargo holds are presented for loading cargoes in
bulk and they are not sufficiently clean for the intended cargo, delays, off-hire
and charter party disputes can arise. Insufficient cleaning can also cause
cargo contamination and infestation, leading to cargo damage claims from
cargo receivers.

Cargo Hold Cleaning   - westpandi.com

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What's the best way to clean cargo holds?
 Regardless of the previous cargo, all holds should be thoroughly cleaned by
sweeping, scraping and high-pressure sea water washing to remove all
previous cargo residues and any loose scale or paint, paying particular
attention to any that may be trapped behind beams, ledges, pipe guards, or
other fittings in the holds.

Quiz and Recitation

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XII. STUDENT REFLECTION

Write a min. of 300-word Reflective Learning Report. You may refer to the guide questions
below. Write legibly and submit your work at the end of week 1.

Guide questions:
1. Think about what you have done.
Share your thoughts in different perspective, what transpired during your activities and
evaluate your actions.

2. Think about what happened.

What you did and what didn’t work.

3. Analyse what happened.

Explain what your learnings are as well as your difficulties and make a plan on how you
would improve.

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