Learners' Activity Sheets: Health 8
Learners' Activity Sheets: Health 8
Learners' Activity Sheets: Health 8
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL SUR
depedagusandelsur@deped.gov.ph
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(085) 839-5456
Health - Grade 8
Learners’ Activity Sheets
Quarter 3 – Week 1: Prevention is Better than Cure
First Edition, 2021
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Necesario F. Tulod
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Learners’ Activity Sheet in Health 8
Quarter 3 - Week 1
Guide:
Many of the most common diseases are caused by tiny
microorganism called pathogens. Pathogens infect or invade
the body and attack its cells and tissues. Some bacteria,
rickettsia, fungi, protozoa, certain types of worms and all viruses
are pathogens. Diseases caused by the direct or indirect spread
of pathogens from one person to another are called
communicable diseases.
Types of Nature
Pathogens
These are one- celled microscopic organisms.
Some of them do not cause diseases. They
digest non-living food materials such as milk
and meat. These organisms are called
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saprophytes. If the food supply is a living plant
or animal, the microorganism is called parasite.
The plant or animal that the parasite feeds on is
called a host.
Bacteria Toxin bacteria produce a certain food
poison called botulism. These bacteria
live in soil. Once they enter the body
through a wound, they can cause tetanus
or lockjaw. Other bacteria cause
pneumonia.
Resident bacteria live in human intestines,
mouth and skin. These will help protect us
from harmful bacteria. Lactobacilli, found
in the gastro-intestinal tract, produce lactic
acid from simple carbohydrates. Coliform
bacilli, found in the intestines, help break
down the carbohydrates and combat
disease- causing bacteria. Resident
bacteria cause infections when they move
from their original resident to another.
Example: When the bacteria in the mouth
moved to the ear, these cause ear
infection.
These are organisms that are considered
intermediate, that is, somewhere between a
virus and a bacterium. Most of them grow in the
intestinal tracts of the insects, which carry them
Rickettsiae to their human hosts. It requires living cells in
order to grow and multiply. Bloodsucking
insects, such as lice, mites and ticks carry
rickettsiae to humans. Typhus fever, a rocky
mountain spotted fever, is a disease caused by
these organisms.
These are small, simple life forms from one half
to 100 size of a bacteria. These organisms are
the human body’s worst enemies. All of them
are parasites. They invade animals and viruses
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Viruses that attack specific types of cells. Examples are
rabies, cold virus, hepatitis, mumps, chicken
and smallpox.
These are simple organisms that cannot make
their own food. Many live on dead animals,
insects and leaves. They are saprophytes. The
common are yeast and mushroom. Disease-
producing fungi invade mainly deep tissues of
the hair, nails and skim. They can cause
Fungi infections of the scalp, such as ringworm, and of
the feet such as athlete’s foot. Pathogenic fungi
can also cause brain inflammation and serious
lung infections.
These are single-celled organisms that have a
more complex in structure. Most of them are
harmless and common in tropical areas that
Protozoa have poor sanitation. They cause Malaria,
African sleeping sickness, amoebic dysentery, a
severe intestinal infection.
These are classified as parasites.
Common worms are:
Roundworms- hatch and live in the
intestine. Symptoms of their presence
include fatigue, weight loss, irritability,
poor appetite, abdominal pain and
diarrhea.
Pinworms- live in intestine. Symptoms of
their presence include itching, pale skin,
Parasitic and stomach discomfort.
Worms Tapeworms- also live in intestine.
Flukes- live in the intestines, liver, bladder,
rectum, spleen, lungs and veins.
Prevention of this worms usually requires
frequent washing of hands, cleaning of
bathrooms and kitchens and thorough
cooking of the food they infest like pork,
beef, sausage and bear meat.
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Activity: Match and Connect
Answer key:
1. Pathogen 4. Mode of Transmission
2. Reservoir 5. Portal of Entry
3. Portal of Exit 6. Susceptible Host
IV. Activities
Stefano joined the school fun run; his desire is to win so he didn’t
mind if he was stepping on water wherein his feet got soaked. Even if this
made him uncomfortable because his feet were very itchy, he didn’t do
anything but removed his socks that evening.
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He hanged his pair of socks at the back of the refrigerator to dry and
immediately went to sleep because he was so tired.
Guide Questions:
1. What types of pathogens can cause Stefano’s diseases?
2. Where can these microorganisms thrive and reproduce?
3. Where is the reservoir of the microorganisms?
4. How did the microorganism transfer to Kenjay’s body?
5. Where did the microorganisms enter Kenjay’s body?
6. Who is the next host?
Directions: Read and analyze the table and answer the questions
below.
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Hepatitis A
Ensure all foods
Hepatitis E are adequately
cooked.
Perform hand
hygiene after using
the toilet.
Handle vomitus
and excreta
properly.
Sick food-handlers
should refrain from
work and seek
medical advice
early.
Maintain
3. Vector-borne Dengue fever environmental
transmission (usually Malaria hygiene to prevent
insects) breeding of
Japanese encephalitis mosquitoes/
Mosquito bites insects in stagnant
Influenza water.
Pneumonia
I. Indirect
Maintain good
1. Droplet Pulmonary indoor ventilation.
Transmission Keep both hands
Tuberculosis clean
Coughing
Measles Cover mouth and
Sneezing Chickenpox nose.
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People with
2. Air-borne respiratory
transmission infections wear
surgical mask
Maintain good
indoor ventilation.
Seek medical
advice.
Do not go to
school or work.
Questions:
1. What are the two kinds of transmissions?
2. What are the different methods of transmissions?
3. What are some examples of communicable diseases?
4. What are their preventive measures?
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One opinion I now have
VI – References:
Department of Education,2013. Physical Education and Health 8, Learner’s Module,
Philippines: Vicarish Publication and Trading, Inc. Quennie S. Miranda, Laura R.
Jugueta, Guinevere E. Sacdalam, Maria Theresa R. San Jose.
MAPEH Music, Arts, Physical Education and Health. Quezon City: The Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc, 2016
Answers Key
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Activity 2: Read this!
Answers vary Activity: Match and Connect
Pathogen
Closure/What I have Learned
Reservoir
Answers vary Portal of Exits
Mode of Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
Activity 1: Read this!
Direct and Indirect
Contact, Food/Water Borne, Droplet,
Air-borne
Scabies, sore eyes, hand, foot and
mouth disease, hepatitis, cholera,
dengue, food poisoning, influenza, TB,
common colds, pneumonia, measles,
chickenpox, covid-19
Perform hygiene properly, use your
own personal things, maintain good
ventilation, keep away from sick
people, eat clean and well-cooked
food, maintain environmental
cleanliness,