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    Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Petroleum Engineering

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    Charryann Tiffany Williams
    This document contains a lab assignment on bottom hole pressure calculations with the following key points: 1. A well test provides depth and pressure measurements that are used to calculate fluid gradients, identify fluid contacts, and determine the fluid types at different depths. 2. Bottom hole pressure calculations are demonstrated using acoustic well sounder and fluid depression test data. 3. Inflow performance relationships are illustrated below and above bubble point pressure, showing how reducing bottom hole pressure can increase production rates.

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    Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Petroleum Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Charryann Tiffany Williams
    40 views9 pages
    This document contains a lab assignment on bottom hole pressure calculations with the following key points: 1. A well test provides depth and pressure measurements that are used to calculate fluid gradients, identify fluid contacts, and determine the fluid types at different depths. 2. Bottom hole pressure calculations are demonstrated using acoustic well sounder and fluid depression test data. 3. Inflow performance relationships are illustrated below and above bubble point pressure, showing how reducing bottom hole pressure can increase production rates.

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    PEG2101_Lab#2

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    This document contains a lab assignment on bottom hole pressure calculations with the following key points: 1. A well test provides depth and pressure measurements that are used to calculate fluid gradients, identify fluid contacts, and determine the fluid types at different depths. 2. Bottom hole pressure calculations are demonstrated using acoustic well sounder and fluid depression test data. 3. Inflow performance relationships are illustrated below and above bubble point pressure, showing how reducing bottom hole pressure can increase production rates.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views9 pages

    Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Petroleum Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Charryann Tiffany Williams
    This document contains a lab assignment on bottom hole pressure calculations with the following key points: 1. A well test provides depth and pressure measurements that are used to calculate fluid gradients, identify fluid contacts, and determine the fluid types at different depths. 2. Bottom hole pressure calculations are demonstrated using acoustic well sounder and fluid depression test data. 3. Inflow performance relationships are illustrated below and above bubble point pressure, showing how reducing bottom hole pressure can increase production rates.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Faculty of Engineering and Technology

    Department of Petroleum Engineering

    Subsurface Oil & Gas Production

    Lab #2: Bottom Hole Pressure Calculations

    Title: Bottom hole pressure calculation

    Page 0 of 10
    Aim: BHP determinations and IPR curves

    1. Using the acoustic well sounder


    2. Annular fluid depression tests
    3. Pressure transverse curves

    Calculation Questions:

    1. A bomb was run in a well which was closed in for a year. Stops were made and the
    following table was derived:

    Depth, Pressure, psig


    ft
    0 200
    1000 240
    2000 278
    3000 320
    4000 402
    4500 550
    4800 650
    5000 730
    5300 874

    Determine the:

    a) Depth range of the different fluids.


    b) Depth(s) of the fluid contact(s)/interface(s)
    c) Fluid gradients
    P1−P2
    PressureGradient =
    D 1−D 2
    320−200
    PressureGradient for Gas=
    3000−0
    PressureGradient for Gas=0.04 psi/ft
    650−402
    PressureGradient for Oil =
    4800−4000
    PressureGradient for Oil =0.31 psi/ ft

    Page 1 of 10
    874−650
    PressureGradient for Water=
    5300−4800
    PressureGradient for Water=0.45 ps/ ft
    d) State fluid types for each depth range
    e) State the fluid contact(s)/interface(s)
    Lines Depth, ft Gradient, psi/ft Fluid/Contact
    Black 0-3900 0.04 Gas
    Blue 3900-4800 0.31 Oil
    Green 4800-5300 0.45 Water
    Point X 3900 - GOC
    Point Y 4800 - OWC
    Table showing data for graph being plotted below.

    Plot of Depth vs. Pressure


    0 2 4 6 8 10 12
    0

    1000

    2000
    Depth, ft

    3000

    4000

    5000

    6000

    Pressure, psig

    Page 2 of 10
    This graph shows the relationship of depth versus pressure.
    2. Acoustic well sounder

    A pumping well has R 2 tubing, MPP at 4050’ A dynamic FL chart from the AWS showed
    100 lengths of tubing. A live crude sample was tested, Sp Gr of 0.75. The casing is vented to
    atmosphere (0 Psig) and the average gas gradient in the casing is 0.04 psi/ ft.

    a. Determine the FBHP.


    FBHP=CHP + Hydrostatic pressure of gas column+ Hydrostatic pressure of live oil column
    CHP=0 psig
    Hydrostatic pressure of gas column=Gas gradient × Free gas space
    Gas gradient is given as 0.04 psi/ft
    Free gas space=No . of joints× Avg tubing
    Length of tubing = 100 joints
    R2 tubing has an average of 30 ft.
    Free gas space=100 joints ×30 ft
    Free gas space=3000 ft
    psi
    Hydrostatic pressure of gas column=0.04 ×3000 ft
    ft
    Hydrostatic pressure of gas column=120 psi
    Live oil= MPP−Free gass level
    Live oil=4050 ft −3000 ft
    Live oil=1050 ft
    Hydrostatic pressure of live oil=Live oil × [ Specific gravity × Fresh water gradient ]

    Page 3 of 10
    psi
    [
    Hydrostatic pressure of live oil=1050 ft × 0.75 ×0.433
    ft ]
    Hydrostatic pressure of live oil=341 psi
    FBHP=0 psig+ [ 120 psi+341 psi ]
    FBHP=461 psi

    b. Why is a live sample is needed?


    A live sample is taken because the well is said to be pumping and the well is also flowing.
    Hence, we would also take a live sample since we are measuring the flowing bottomhole
    pressure.
    3. Fluid Depression Test

    A flowing well which produces from a reservoir with the FBHP below the bubble point of the
    reservoir crude and is completed with 8,200’ of tubing hanging with no packer. The CHP is
    1550 psig. Calculate the flowing BHP.

    D1.5
    FBHP=P c 1+ [ 100 ]
    Casing head pressure=1550 psig+ 14.7

    Casing head pressure=1564.7 psia

    Depth of tubing
    D=
    1000

    8200
    D=
    1000

    D=8.2

    8.21.5
    FBHP=1564.7 1+ [ 100 ]
    FBHP=1564.7 [ 1.235 ]

    FBHP=1932.405 psi

    4. IPR- Above bubble point pressure


    The following are the tests:
     Test 1: F 42 bopd, FBHP 580 psi

    Page 4 of 10
     Test 2: F 66 bopd, FBHP 338 psi
    Static reservoir pressure: 1000 psi.
    For both Test 1 and Test 2:
    i. Determine PI and calculate the incremental production increase and new production,
    if the FBHP was reduced by a further 100 psi.
    Q
    PI =
    ( Ps −P wf )
    Ps =1000 psi
    For test 1:
    Pwf =580 psi
    Q=42 bopd
    42 bopd
    PI =
    (1000 psi−580 psi)
    42 bopd
    PI =
    420 psi
    bopd
    PI =0.1
    psi
    New P wf =100 psi
    Drawdown=580 psi−100 psi
    Drawdown=480 psi
    Incrementalincrease ∈ production=Drawdown× PI
    bopd
    Incrementalincrease ∈ production=480 psi× 0.1
    ft
    Incrementalincrease∈ production=48 bopd
    New volume of Q=42 bopd+ 48 bopd
    New volume of Q=90 bopd
    For test 2:
    Pwf =338 psi
    Q=66 bopd
    66 bopd
    PI =
    (1000 psi−338 psi)
    66 bopd
    PI =
    662 psi
    bopd
    PI =0.1
    psi
    New P wf =100 psi

    Page 5 of 10
    Drawdown=338 psi−100 psi
    Drawdown=238 psi
    Incrementalincrease ∈ production=Drawdown× PI
    bopd
    Incrementalincrease ∈ production=238 psi ×0.1
    ft
    Incrementalincrease∈ production=24 bopd
    New volume of Q=66 bopd+ 24 bopd
    New volume of Q=90 bopd
    ii. Construct an IPR curve (sketch). Include results in the sketch.

    FBHP, pwf (psi)

    338

    238

    66 90 Q, BOPD
    Diagram showing the inflow performance relationship of the old volume of Q and the new
    volume of Q for Test 2.

    FBHP, pwf (psi)

    580

    480

    42 90 Q, BOPD
    Diagram showing the inflow performance relationship of the old volume of Q and the new
    volume of Q for Test 1.
    IPR: Below bubble point pressure

    Page 6 of 10
    A well is producing from a reservoir below bubble point pressure. The average reservoir
    pressure is 2000 psig. The flowing BHP is 1500 psig and the flow rate is 65 bopd.

    i. Determine the open flow potential of the well.


    2
    qo P wf Pwf
    qo max
    =1−0.2
    Pr
    −0.8
    Pr [ ]
    Pr =2000 psig
    Pwf =1500 psi
    q o=65 bopd
    2
    65 1500 1500
    qo max
    =1−0.2
    2000
    −0.8
    2000 [ ]
    65
    =1−0.15−0.45
    qo max
    65
    =0.4
    qo max
    65
    q o max =
    0.4
    q o max =162.5 bopd
    q o max =163 bopd
    ii. The production rate if the FBHP is reduced to 500 psig.
    Pr =2000 psig
    N ew Pwf 1=500 psi
    q o max =163 bopd
    2
    qo 500 500
    163
    =1−0.2
    2000
    −0.8
    2000 [ ]
    qo
    =1−0.05−0.05
    163
    qo
    =0.9
    163
    q o=0.9 ×163
    q o=146.7 bopd
    q o=147 bopd
    iii. Construct an IPR curve for the well (sketch).

    FBHP,pwf, psi Page 7 of 10

    1500
    65 147 Q, bopd

    Diagram showing an IPR curve for a reservoir below bubble point pressure.
    5. Pressure Transverse curves

    Determine: FBHP, FTHP where necessary.


    MPP, Tubing Temp, Producing W/C, GLR, FTHP, FBHP,
    o
    ft. ID, in. F Rate, BPD % cu.ft./bbl psig psig
    12,000 1.5 140 800 50 1000 300 2500
    7,000 2 190 600 0 600 450 1800
    7,000 2 140 600 50 800 380 1620
    10,500 2 190 800 0 1500 120 1760

    Page 8 of 10

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