Ma Slow

Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs
According to Maslow, the above pyramid illustrates the needs of the workers.
In brief, they are simply divided into the following factors:
The PHYSICAL factor:
• A person starts at the bottom of the hierarchy (pyramid) and will initially seek
to satisfy basic needs (e.g. food, shelter)
• Once these physiological needs have been satisfied, they are no longer a
motivator. the individual moves up to the next level
The SECURITY factor:
• Safety needs at work could include physical safety (e.g. protective clothing) as
well as protection against unemployment, loss of income through sickness etc)
The SOCIAL factor:
• Social needs recognise that most people want to belong to a group. These
would include the need for love and belonging (e.g. working with colleague who
support you at work, teamwork, communication)
The EGO factor:
• Esteem needs are about being given recognition for a job well done. They
reflect the fact that many people seek the esteem and respect of others. A
promotion at work might achieve this
The SELF-ACTUALISATION factor:
· Self-actualisation is about how people think about themselves –
this is often measured by the extent of success and/or challenge at
work
Importance Of Understanding Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs:

In an organization, if Management able to understand at which level of needs their
workforce/staff are in, then, they can decide on the relevant rewards/incentive to
motivate the workforce.
Importance Of Motivation And Different Types Of Motivation Theory

n a firm, top management would shower attractive performance schemes or
incentives like commission, pensions, shares and share options, job rotation,
job enrichment, job enlargement, piece rate, performance related ,etc to
motivate the staff/workers.
Motivating the staff is a very critical factor for the following reasons:
1) Resulting in higher output or productivity meaning that given a certain

level of resources, a highly motivated workforce will generate very much
more than a demotivated workforce.
2) Reduces wastages and produce more higher quality works
3) Motivated staff are generally more pro-active and has greater sense of
urgency hence making things happen faster
4) Motivated staff will give their best to the company hence helping
management to achieve the organization objectives like achieving sales
and profit targets.
Because of the importance of motivation, there are many advocates of

motivation theory. Some of the following are:
1) Herberg’s Two Step Approach To Theory Of Motivation

2) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
3) McGregor Theory X and Theory Y
4) Mc Clelland- Needs theory of motivation
5) Monistic Or Economic Theory Of Motivation
McGregor developed two theories of human behaviour at work: Theory and X and
Theory Y. Both Theory X and Y are extreme behavior
Two extreme theories Of Workers’ Work Behavior:
Theory X Theory Y
Individuals who dislike work and avoid it Consider effort at work as just like rest or
where possible play
Individuals who lack ambition, dislike Ordinary people who do not dislike work.
responsibility and prefer to be led Depending on the working conditions,
work could be considered a source of
satisfaction or punishment
Individuals who desire security Individuals who seek responsibility (if
they are motivated)
In the workplace, how Does Management Suppose To Apply McGregor X & Y

Theory
In the case of Theory X:

To achieve organizational objectives, management if based on Theory X should
impose a management system of coercion, control and punishment.
In the case of Theory Y:
To achieve organizational objectives, management if based on Theory Y should

provide rewards of varying kinds to motivate the workers . With the proper incentives
established, this will create a working environment (or culture) where workers can
show and develop their creativity.
We have looked at Mcgregor’s Theory X & Y and Maslow’s hierarchy

of needs, next we move on to Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory.
From Herzberg’s research, he advocated a two-step approach to
understanding employee motivation and satisfaction.[ His research
involved the analysis of job attitudes of 200 accountants and engineers
how they felt on the positive or negative sides at work and the reasons
for so.
His two step approaches asked management to review:
• the HYGIENE FACTORS – the need for a business to avoid

unpleasantness at work otherwise it cause dissatisfaction
amongst the workforce.
• the MOTIVATOR FACTORS -based on an individual’s need

for personal growth. These motivator factors create job
satisfaction. If they are effective, then they can motivate an
individual to achieve above-average performance and effort.
Difference between Maslow and Herzberg’s theory of motivation:
• To a certain extent, there is some similarity between

Herzberg’s and Maslow’s models. Both suggest that needs
have to be satisfied for the employee to be motivated. For
Herzberg argues that only the higher levels of the Maslow
Hierarchy (e.g. self-actualisation, esteem needs) act as a
motivator. The remaining needs can only cause dissatisfaction
if not addressed.
The Hygiene Factors includes the following:
· Wages, salaries and other financial remuneration

· Company policy and administration
· Working conditions
· Quality of supervision
· Quality of inter-personal relations
Feelings of job security
The Motivator Factors includes the following:
· Status
· Opportunity for advancement
· Gaining recognition
· Responsibility
· Challenging / stimulating work
Sense of personal achievement & personal growth in a job
Implication of Management Applying Hertzberg’s model.
According to Herzberg, management should focus on rearranging

work so that motivator factors can take effect. He suggested three
ways in which this could be done viz: Job enrichment, Job rotation
and Job enlargement
Monistic Or Economic Theory of Motivation
Monistic theory of motivation is based upon the notion that man is

essentially economic. This theory solely hinges on monetary aspect of
remuneration or reward to human behavior. Individuals are assumed to
be highly responsive to money reward. People feel motivated when
rewarded with more money. People repeat their behavior if it leads to
reward.
Monistic Or Economic Theory postulates that:

1. Motivation is more effective and direct when based upon individual
incentives rather than group incentive
2. Incentive is more effective where reward immediately follows the
efforts. For example, incentives/bonus paid at the end of the month
is more stimulating than paid at the end of the year and
3. Quantum of effort is directly related to the amount of reward.
For example, the deliberate marginal increase in reward for added
output can motivate people to the same extent as the substantial
increase in reward does.
What Is Manpower Planning?
his article defined what is Manpower Planning.
Manpower Planning is:-
• A very important process where management determines how an

organization should move from its current manpower position to a
desired manpower.
• Defining the present needs and estimating the future needs of
manpower in an organization. Particular useful to all big organization to
able to meet and manage changes in terms of technical know-how,
products, markets, etc
• With proper Manpower Planning, management is able to ensure the
right number of people and the right kind of people at the right place and
at the right time for which they are best suited. It is therefore a strategy
for procurement, development, allocation, utilization and maintenance of
human resources of an enterprise
What Are The Benefits Or Advantages Of Manpower Planning
Some of the major benefits derive from doing proper Manpower Planning are
as follows:-
• Enable the determination of personnel needs of an organization

• It is an essential component of strategic planning
• It helps to ascertain and identify critical shortages of skilled staff and
take corrective action by timely recruitment, etc so as to prevent
production break-down or under-utilization of plant capacity
• An integral part of managerial succession plan by identifying and
developing potential managers
• Enable organization to cope with changes in competitive forces,
markets, technology, product, etc all of which always generate changes
in job contents, skill demands, number and type of personnel
• Enable the procurement of personnel with necessary qualification, skill
knowledge, work experience and proper work attitude.
• Involves in selection and development of employees well in advance so
as to meet any contingencies.
• Besides looking and reacting to staff deficit, Manpower Planning is also
able to identify any surplus/redundancy, if any in an organization

Ma Slow

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ma Slow

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ma Slow

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs

Importance Of Understanding Maslow’s Hierarchy Of Needs:

Importance Of Motivation And Different Types Of Motivation Theory

1) Resulting in higher output or productivity meaning that given a certain

Because of the importance of motivation, there are many advocates of

1) Herberg’s Two Step Approach To Theory Of Motivation

Two extreme theories Of Workers’ Work Behavior:

In the workplace, how Does Management Suppose To Apply McGregor X & Y

In the case of Theory X:

In the case of Theory Y:

To achieve organizational objectives, management if based on Theory Y should

We have looked at Mcgregor’s Theory X & Y and Maslow’s hierarchy

His two step approaches asked management to review:

• the HYGIENE FACTORS – the need for a business to avoid

• the MOTIVATOR FACTORS -based on an individual’s need

Difference between Maslow and Herzberg’s theory of motivation:

• To a certain extent, there is some similarity between

The Hygiene Factors includes the following:

· Wages, salaries and other financial remuneration

The Motivator Factors includes the following:

Implication of Management Applying Hertzberg’s model.

According to Herzberg, management should focus on rearranging

Monistic Or Economic Theory of Motivation

Monistic theory of motivation is based upon the notion that man is

Monistic Or Economic Theory postulates that:

his article defined what is Manpower Planning.

Manpower Planning is:-

• A very important process where management determines how an

What Are The Benefits Or Advantages Of Manpower Planning

• Enable the determination of personnel needs of an organization

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.