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Module - 1 Fuzzy Set Theory - Lect - 1

The document discusses fuzzy set theory and operations. It defines fuzzy sets as sets whose elements have degrees of membership between 0 and 1, unlike classical sets where elements are either fully in or out of the set. It describes basic fuzzy set operations like union, intersection, complement, and algebraic operations. It provides examples of representing fuzzy sets and performing operations like union and intersection on them. Finally, it presents some mathematical problems involving comparing sensors based on their detection levels and gain settings using fuzzy set representations.

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Deepak Bhandare
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156 views

Module - 1 Fuzzy Set Theory - Lect - 1

The document discusses fuzzy set theory and operations. It defines fuzzy sets as sets whose elements have degrees of membership between 0 and 1, unlike classical sets where elements are either fully in or out of the set. It describes basic fuzzy set operations like union, intersection, complement, and algebraic operations. It provides examples of representing fuzzy sets and performing operations like union and intersection on them. Finally, it presents some mathematical problems involving comparing sensors based on their detection levels and gain settings using fuzzy set representations.

Uploaded by

Deepak Bhandare
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Soft Computing

Module - 1 Fuzzy Set Theory - Lect 1


Topics
● Fuzzy Sets:
○ Basic definition and terminology
○ Basic concepts of fuzzy sets
○ Fuzzy set operations,
Basic Definition
The 'Fuzzy' word means the
things that are not clear
or are vague.

Source : https://static.javatpoint.com/tutorial/fuzzy-logic/images/fuzzy-logic.png
Classical Set Theory
● Classical set is a collection of distinct objects. e.g.
Set of Natural Number.
● Each individual entity in a set is called a member or an
element of the set.
● The classical set is defined in such a way that the
universe of discourse is splitted into two groups members
and non-members.
E.g. U = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
A = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
A’ = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
Fuzzy Set Theory - Basic Concept
Fuzzy Set Theory - Basic Concept
FUZZY SET - REPRESENTATION

Partial membership representation is also known as zadeh notation


FUZZY SET -
DEfinitions
Fuzzy Set Operations
Union Operation: The union operation of a fuzzy set is
defined by:
μA∪B(x) = max (μA(x), μB(x))
A = {( X1, 0.6 ), (X2, 0.2), (X3, 1), (X4, 0.4)}
B = {( X1, 0.1), (X2, 0.8), (X3, 0), (X4, 0.9)}
AUB = {( X1, 0.6), (X2, 0.8), (X3, 1), (X4, 0.9)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Intersection Operation:The intersection operation of fuzzy
set is defined by:

μA∩B(x) = min (μA(x), μB(x))

A = {( X1, 0.3 ), (X2, 0.7), (X3, 0.5), (X4, 0.1)}

B = {( X1, 0.8), (X2, 0.2), (X3, 0.4), (X4, 0.9)}

A∩B = {( X1, 0.3), (X2, 0.2), (X3, 0.4), (X4, 0.1)}


Fuzzy Set Operations
Complement Operation: The complement operation of fuzzy set
is defined by:

μĀ(x) = 1-μA(x)

A = {( X1, 0.3 ), (X2, 0.8), (X3, 0.5), (X4, 0.1)}

Ā= {( X1, 0.7 ), (X2, 0.2), (X3, 0.5), (X4, 0.9)}


Fuzzy Set Operations
Equal Set: Two fuzzy sets A(x) and B(x) are said to be
equal, if µA(x) = µB(x) for all x ∈ X.

It is expressed as follows A(x) = B(x), if µA(x)= µB(x)

A(x) = {(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)}

B(x) = {(x1,0.1),(x2,0.5),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.6)}

As µA(x) ≠ µB(x) for different x ∈ X, A(x) ≠ B(x)


Fuzzy Set Operations
Algebraic product of fuzzy sets
The Algebraic product of two fuzzy sets A(x) and B(x) for
all x ∈ X, is denoted by A(x).B(x) and defined as follows
A(x).B(x) = {(x, µA(x).µB(x)), x ϵ X }
A(x) = {(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)}
B(x) = {(x1,0.5),(x2,0.7),(x3,0.8),(x4,0.9)}
A(x).B(x) = {(x1,0.05),(x2,0.14),(x3,0.24),(x4,0.36)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Multiplication of fuzzy sets by a crisp number

The product of fuzzy set A(x) and a crisp number ‘d’ is


expressed as follows

A(x).B(x)= {(x, d . µA(x)), x ϵ X }

A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)} and d = 0.2

then d.A(x) = {(x1,0.02),(x2,0.04),(x3,0.06),(x4,0.08)}


Fuzzy Set Operations
Power of a fuzzy set
The p-th power of a fuzzy set A(x) yields another fuzzy set Aᴾ(x), whose
membership value can
be determined as follows
µAᴾ(x) = {µA(x)}ᴾ, x ∈ X }
p >= 1 --> Aᴾ(x) is called concentration
p < 1 --> Aᴾ(x) is called dilation
A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)} if P=2
Then A²(x) = {(x1,0.01),(x2,0.04),(x3,0.09),(x4,0.16)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Algebraic sum of two fuzzy sets
The Algebraic sum of two fuzzy sets A(x) and B(x) for all x
∈ X, is denoted by A(x)+B(x) and defined as follows
A(x)+B(x)= {(x,µA+B(x), x ϵ X }
Where µA+B(x) = µA(x)+µB(x) - µA(x).µB(x)
A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)}
B(x)={(x1,0.5),(x2,0.7),(x3,0.8),(x4,0.9)}
Now A(x)+B(x) = {(x1,0.55),(x2,0.76),(x3,0.86),(x4,0.94)}
Fuzzy Set Operations

A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)}

B(x)={(x1,0.5),(x2,0.7),(x3,0.8),(x4,0.9)}

= {(x1,0.6),(x2,0.9),(x3,1.0),(x4,1.0)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Algebraic difference of two fuzzy sets
The Algebraic difference of two fuzzy sets A(x) and B(x) for all x ∈ X,
is denoted by A(x)+B(x) and defined as follows
A(x) - B(x)= {(x,µA-B(x), x ϵ X }
Where µA-B(x) = µA∩B
̅(x)
A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.4)}
B(x)={(x1,0.5),(x2,0.7),(x3,0.8),(x4,0.9)}
B
̅(x) = {(x1,0.5),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.2),(x4,0.1)}
A(x) - B(x) = {(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.2),(x4,0.1)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Bounded Difference

A(x)={(x1,0.1),(x2,0.2),(x3,0.3),(x4,0.9)}

B(x)={(x1,0.5),(x2,0.7),(x3,0.8),(x4,0.4)}

= {(x1,0),(x2,0),(x3,0),(x4,0.5)}
Fuzzy Set Operations
Cartesian product of two fuzzy sets
Let us consider two fuzzy sets A(x) and B(y) defined on the
Universal sets X and Y, respectively.
The Cartesian product of fuzzy sets A(x) and B(y), is
denoted by A(x) X B(x), such that x ∈ X, y∈ Y.
It is determined, so that the following conditions satisfy
µ (AXB)(x,y)= min{µA(x),µB(y)}
Fuzzy Set
Operations

y1 y2 y3
x1
x2
x3
x4
FUZZY SET - MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
FUZZY SET -
MATHEMATICAL
PROBLEMS
FUZZY SET -
MATHEMATICAL
PROBLEMS

0.4 0
FUZZY SET - MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
FUZZY SET - MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
FUZZY SET - MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
FUZZY SET -MaTHEMATICAL PROBLEM
It is necessary to compare two sensors based
upon their detection levels and gain settings.
The table of gain settings and sensor
detection levels with a standard item being
monitored providing typical membership values
to represent the detection levels for each
sensor is given in Table 1.

Given the universe of discourse X= {0, 10, 20, 30, 40,


50) and the membership functions for the two sensors in
discrete form as

Hint:

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