Professional Skill Development Activities Psda - 1 Computer Application

Professional Skill Development Activities
PSDA -1
COMPUTER APPLICATION
Innovation in Information Technology & System
( Study the latest and innovative trends in Information
Technology that is supporting business organization )
Submitted by : -Aditya Kumar

Enrollment No- A3906421010
BBA (sec-C)
Objectives
1. Operational Excellence
A business that runs efficiently and productively is a business that is more able to minimize
overhead costs and maximizes its resources. The less efficient your operations are, the less
productive your employees will be. Information Technology will allow you to streamline work
processes and improve communication within the company, thereby helping your employees
save time and making your operations much more efficient.
2. New Products, Services, and Business Models

Information Technology can help your company discover better business models and identify
new types of products and services to offer your customers. If you don’t adopt new IT solutions,
your products and services are likely to grow stale. Consumers demand constant innovation,
especially as technology continues to evolve to match their ever-changing needs and desires.
The access to information that IT provides, including marketing and customer data, as well as
the ability to engage with customers directly through social media and other communication
channels means it’s much easier to identify the needs of your customers.
3. Improved Decision Making
Crafting an IT budget is an important and difficult task in any
company. But without a technology roadmap, it is often
more difficult to predict what IT systems a business needs to
optimally fulfill its goals. Without a strategy in place,
executives are typically unable to know how to strategically
use the requisite IT solutions to fulfill the overarching business
vision. Thus, having a technology roadmap can help a
business to effectively budget for the future.
Information Technology software allows you to collect vast

amounts of data, including what individual visitors are doing
on your website, how certain web pages are performing and
much, much more. Not only can you use IT to collect this
valuable data, but it will be automatically organized for you
so that you can easily analyze the most important pieces of
data, from your pricing data to your supplier contracts and
more.
4. Competitive Advantage
Often a company will lack an overall, executive-level agreement on how to leverage IT
systems for the furthering of the organization’s goals. A technology roadmap identifies where
the business wants to be in the future, and how technology can help the enterprise get
there, thereby helping a company to plan the use of IT systems to achieve both short-term
and long-term goals.
The use of Information Technology will help to provide you with a real competitive
advantage over other businesses within your industry. This is largely due to the previously
listed reasons — the ability to leverage IT to improve your products and to improve your
relations with both customers and suppliers to help boost your brand reputation. The better
your reputation is, the more you will stand out from your competition.
Research
As a result of rapidly changing consumer needs, an increasing number of substitution products
as well as accelerated contraction of the markets and constantly increasing competition force
business organizations to distinguish from others to survive. An important step in achieving
competitive advantage is to follow evolving technologies, harmonize their strategies with these
developments and adapt innovations as quickly as possible. While there are some reports and
studies that describe the development level of countries in the information technology (IT)
domain, there is a lack of studies dealing with that issue at the company level. This study
therefore aims at developing a multi-dimensional composite index for measuring the
development level of business organizations in the IT domain. The purpose of this index is to
comparatively evaluate those organizations in terms of their IT ownership and usage, as well as
to detect inherent weaknesses. In the course of developing the index, several sub indexes of
different dimensions (such as technology ownership, utilization, perception, economical power,
institutional structure) and their underlying indicator sets will be determined from literature and
opinion of experts. Designated indicators should represent the dynamic structure of the
technology to reflect the changes over time. The new index will be expected to provide a
better understanding of institutional IT development standards and allow ranking of
organizations to stimulate competitive gains. Key words: Information technology, Composite
index, IT development level, business organizations.
Introduction .
Technological development has become an important

criterion for business organizations. As the importance of
this term has been understood, some indexes which are
applied for measuring the technological developments of
countries and business organizations have been
developed. For example; ● Technology Readiness Index
(TRI) developed by Parasuraman (2000) , measures the
tendency of nations to embrace new technologies, ●
Technology Achievement Index (TAI) demonstrates the
formation of technology in one nation and how it
harmonizes with skills of people. (United Nations
Development Programme, 2001), ● An index developed
by Archibugi and Coco (2004) measuring the capacity
and development of technology for developed and
developing countries by adding one indicator to the initial
set of indicators of the Technology Achievement Index.
Importance of Information Technology for Business Organizations:
Starting in the 1950s with the commercial use of computers introduced information technology
to the broader society. Until it reached the current form, it had passed through three stages.
These stages continued approximately for 15-20 years each and were named as; computing era,
micro era and lastly network era. The network age is changing the way (by whom and where)
technological innovation is created and disseminated. Global research and development
(R&D) activities are increasingly privatized and networked.
It is clear that importance of IT is increasing daily both for institutions and people. Especially
for institutions, the necessity of serving vast human needs with limited resources creates a
brutal competition. Hence, using IT is inevitable to survive in today’s business environment.
As the technology spread, use has increased; as the use increased, institutions have visibly
changed. Structural, technological and cultural perspectives of them include the most important
changes. They become more flexible, dynamic and communicative called structural changes,
using ERP systems, increasing the number of R&D personnel called technological changes and
the lastly cultural changes includes team work, delegation, much more friendly managers and
collaborative work etc.
Methodology
The research aim was accomplished by extracting information on a number of relevant
variables by conducting a review of articles on IT published between 1992 and 2020.
Information technology (IT) development methodologies may be described as another
bastion of rationalist, positivist, functionalist hegemony. The paper historically reviews IT
development methodologies of the past 30 years. The major methodologies of the
Classical Systems Life Cycle, Structures Systems Development, Data Modeling and Object
Oriented Analysis are briefly reviewed in terms of their ubiquitously quoted evolution and
maturation and the benefits they purport to offer IT specialists and managers, general
management and user groups. This paper argues that, while it has traditionally been the
case that such methodologies be compared on a case‐by‐case basis, it is time to step
back from the traditionally reductionist, positivist approaches of IT. IT methodological
development is considered here from a critical, anti‐positivist perspective. It is suggested
that qualitiative research methodologies be employed to assist in creating a new IT
development epistemology to spare us from further IT implementation disasters.
Findings
The analysis is presented by listing and illustrating subject category, journals, year of
publications and country, frequently published authors, productive institutions, the
trend of collaborative nature (co‐author analysis) of research, the impact/influence of
published research; topics/research issues and utilized methods, and the challenges
and limitations of existing research.
Results of this research may have implications for both private and public sector
organizations interested in IT services and applications, and various stakeholders of
academic publishing (namely, researchers, journal editors, reviewers and universities)
research on IS/IT outsourcing.
Conclusion
Designing an index of technological development for business organizations is the

main scope of this study. There are many indexes developed for measuring the
technological capacities of countries but there is lack at the organizational level It is
a work in progress study. Follow-up research aims at including a comprehensive set of
indicators and sub-indexes as well as the subsequent index composition. Although, the
main indicators and their sub-indexes have been identified at this stage, their setup
has not yet been statistically tested. In order to do so, relevant data applicable to
quantify the indicators and sub-indexes must be gathered. The selected indicators
will provide a basis for further studies investigating technological developments of
organizations.
The primary value of this project lies in extending the understanding of evolution and
patterns of outsourcing research.
References
❖ https://www.ciosrc.com/blog/the-6-important-business-objectives-of-information-technology/
❖ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265993260_Designing_an_Information_Technology_D
evelopment_Index_for_Business_Organizations
❖ https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apc.edu.ph%2Fprograms%2Fsocit
❖ https://www.emerald.com/insight/search?q=information+technology
❖ https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/results/

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Professional Skill Development Activities

Submitted by : -Aditya Kumar

2. New Products, Services, and Business Models

Information Technology software allows you to collect vast

Technological development has become an important

Designing an index of technological development for business organizations is the

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