APPARATUS MADE OF USED FOR PRECAUTION ILLUSTRATI

ON
BEAKER Beakers are Used to hold Never carry bottles by their
commonly made varying necks.
of glass (today usually volumes of
borosilicate glass), but liquid
can also be in metal
(such as stainless steel
or aluminum) or
certain plastics
(notably polythene,
polypropylene,
PTFE).
CRUCBLE Crucibles and their Crucible is DO
AND COVER covers are made of used in the NOT use immediate high hea
high temperature-laboratory to t on the crucible) and begin
resistant materials,
contain heating.
usually porcelain, chemical
alumina or an inert compounds
metal. when heated to
extremely high
temperatures.
You cover the
crucible during
cooling to
avoid
impurities
from the air to
combine with
your
compound.
EVAPORATI Most are made of Evaporation of A safety precaution to take
NG DISH porcelain or borosilic solids and with this tool is to use a tong
ate glass. supernatant when the dish is hot so you
fluids want accidentally burn
yourself.

FUNNEL Funnels are Laboratory Always firmly hold the

usually made of stainl funnels are stopper when shaking and
ess used to channel regularly vent the funnel by
steel, aluminium, glas liquids or fine- opening the stopcock. Gloves
s, or plastic grained are recommended. Always
chemicals protect yourself and your
(powders) into neighbor from unexpected
labware with a chemical splashes. Pressure
narrow neck or may build in the funnel
opening. during mixing, therefore
chemicals may violently be
expelled from the funnel.
ERLENMEYE They are usually Erlenmeyer never heat any organic
R FLASK constructed out flasks are used solvent in an open vessel
of glass or plastic, and to contain
fitted with ground liquids and for
glass at the neck. mixing,
Otherwise, there are heating,
usually spots of cooling,
enamel and ground incubation,
glass where they need filtration,
to be labeled with a storage, and
pencil. other liquid-
handling
processes.
GRADUATED Large graduated used to Do not heat graduated
CYLINDER cylinders are usually measure the cylinders with a burner flame
made volume of a
of polypropylene for liquids,
its excellent chemical chemicals or
resistance or solutions
polymethylpentene during the lab
for its transparency, daily work
making them lighter
and less fragile than
glass.
MORTAR For pharmaceutical used to prepare Whether for food,
AND PESTLE use, the mortar and the reactants for a pharmaceuticals or
head of the pestle solid state chemistry, keep both the
are usually made of synthesis (the mortar and pestle clean.
porcelain, while the ceramic
handle of the pestle is method)
made of wood.
IRON RING An item of laboratory used in Iron ring should be removed
AND STAND equipment consisting chemistry from the iron stand
of a metal pole with a laboratories immediately after use in order
solid, firm base for supporting to prevent the spillage of the
apparatus chemical substance that was
above the work heated on the ring.
surface
TEST TUBE made of glass Test tubes are Always wear gloves when
widely used by cutting, fire polishing, or
chemists to bending glass tubing. Use
handle tongs when heating test tubes.
chemicals, Never hold test tubes in your
especially for hand while heating them.
qualitative Always allow heated
experiments materials, including
and assays. glassware, to cool before
handling them.
TEST TUBE The racks are most to hold upright Always wear gloves and
RACK commonly made multiple test goggles.
of metal wires, but tubes at the
they can also be found same time.
as plastic,
polystyrene, foam,
fiberglass, and
polypropylene.
TEST TUBE It is normally made A test tube Never hold test tubes in your
HOLDER of epoxy-coated steel holder is hand while heating them.
wire but can also be used to hold Always allow heated
made of polystyrene. test tubes. materials, including
glassware, to cool before
handling them.
Watch glass made from silica and Evaporation of Always use two hands
is manufactured using solids and carrying any
regular tempered glass supernatant glassware (position one hand
fluids under the glass for support).
Wire gauze woven from metals support the Use caution as the corners of
such as iron, steel, beakers, flasks, the gauze may be sharp and
copper, or nichrome. or other could penetrate the
glassware polythene, so it may be more
during heating. suitable to place the gauzes
into a container such as a
rigid, sealable plastic
container before placing into
suitable waste bags.
Pipette The first simple To transport a Do not ever use your mouth to
pipettes were made measured pull the liquid into a pipet.
in glass volume of
liquid
Spot plate A spot plate, also Spot plates are Always wear appropriate eye
called a reaction plate used protection the laboratory.
is a laboratory tool to perform Wear disposable gloves, as
made either many (more provided in the laboratory,
from ceramics or than one) small when handling hazardous
plastics. scale reactions materials. Remove the gloves
at one time. before exiting the laboratory.
Wear a full-length, long-
sleeved laboratory coat or
chemical-resistant apron.
Burette glass or plastic used in NEVER LEAVE
material quantitative PROPELLANT IN THE
chemical BURETTE!
analysis to
measure the
volume of a
liquid or a gas.
Thermometer A thermometer is measures • Thermometer should
usually made up of a temperature be washed before and
small, hollow glass after use, preferably
tube. At the bottom of with an antiseptic
the tube is a bulb, solution.
which holds a liquid • Ensure that before use
such as alcohol or the mercury level is
mercury. below 350C.
• Handle the
thermometer with
care. ...
• Dont hold the
thermometer by the
bulb while reading it.

Stirring rod A thermometer is A rod is used to Always provide support from

usually made up of a manually stir the base and sides. When
small, hollow glass solutions. It stirring solutions in glass
tube. At the bottom of can also be vessels, avoid using stirring
the tube is a bulb, used to transfer rods with sharp ends which
which holds a liquid a single drop of can scratch the glassware
such as alcohol or a solution. causing it to become
mercury. weakened.