Activity 7

ACTIVITY 7
Understanding our bodies and feelings (True or False)
TRUE 1. Many males ejaculate too fast for the female to have orgasm.
FALSE 2. The penis cannot produce urine and sperms at the same time.
FALSE 3. If a man takes his penis out of the woman before ejaculating, she will not get
pregnant or contract HIV.
TRUE 4. Men and women can have orgasm without sexual intercourse.
TRUE 5. The brain is the biggest sex organ
ASSESSMENT 7
Critical Thinking Questions:
1. Identify the changes in sensitivity that occur in the hypothalamus, pituitary, and gonads
as a boy or girl approaches puberty. Explain how these changes lead to the increases of
sex steroid hormone secretions that drive many pubertal changes.
Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and gonads is responsible for the maturation of the

reproductive systems and the development of secondary sex characteristics, which
are physical changes that serve auxiliary roles in reproduction.
As a girl reaches puberty, typically the first change that is visible is the
development of the breast tissue. This is followed by the growth of axillary and
pubic hair. A growth spurt normally starts at approximately age 9 to 11 and may
last two years or more. During this time, a girl’s height can increase 3 inches a year.
The next step in puberty is menarche, the start of menstruation.
In boys, the growth of the testes is typically the first physical sign of the beginning
of puberty, which is followed by growth and pigmentation of the scrotum and
growth of the penis. The next step is the growth of hair, including armpit, pubic,
chest, and facial hair. Testosterone stimulates the growth of the larynx and
thickening and lengthening of the vocal folds, which causes the voice to drop in
pitch. The first fertile ejaculations typically appear at approximately 15 years of age,
but this age can vary widely across individual boys. Unlike the early growth spurt
observed in females, the male growth spurt occurs toward the end of puberty, at
approximately age 11 to 13, and a boy’s height can increase as much as 4 inches
a year. In some males, pubertal development can continue through the early 20s.
2. Explain how the internal female and male reproductive structures develop from two
different duct systems.
The first is a decrease of sensitivity in the hypothalamus and pituitary to negative

feedback, meaning that it takes increasingly larger concentrations of sex steroid
hormones to stop the production of LH and FSH. The second change in sensitivity
is an increase in sensitivity of the gonads to the FSH and LH signals, meaning the
gonads of adults are more responsive to gonadotropins than are the gonads of
children. As a result of these two changes, the levels of LH and FSH slowly
increase and lead to the enlargement and maturation of the gonads, which in turn
leads to secretion of higher levels of sex hormones and the initiation of
spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis.
3. Explain what would occur during fetal development to an XY individual with a mutation
causing a nonfunctional SRY gene.
The SRY gene actively recruits other genes that begin to develop the testes, and
suppresses genes that are important in female development. As part of this SRY-
prompted cascade, germ cells in the bipotential gonads differentiate into
spermatogonia. Without SRY, different genes are expressed, oogonia form, and
primordial follicles develop in the primitive ovary. Soon after the formation of the
testis, the Leydig cells begin to secrete testosterone. Testosterone can influence
tissues that are bipotential to become male reproductive structures. For example,
with exposure to testosterone, cells that could become either the glans penis or the
glans clitoris form the glans penis. Without testosterone, these same cells
differentiate into the clitoris. Not all tissues in the reproductive tract are bipotential.
The internal reproductive structures (for example the uterus, uterine tubes, and part
of the vagina in females; and the epididymis, ductus deferens, and seminal
vesicles in males) form from one of two rudimentary duct systems in the embryo.
For proper reproductive function in the adult, one set of these ducts must develop
properly, and the other must degrade. In males, secretions from sustentacular cells
trigger a degradation of the female duct, called the Müllerian duct. At the same time,
testosterone secretion stimulates growth of the male tract, the Wolffian duct.
Without such sustentacular cell secretion, the Müllerian duct will develop; without
testosterone, the Wolffian duct will degrade. Thus, the developing offspring will be
female.

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ACTIVITY 7

Understanding our bodies and feelings (True or False)

Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and gonads is responsible for the maturation of the

The first is a decrease of sensitivity in the hypothalamus and pituitary to negative

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