Quality, QA, QC and TQM

AQCM
Salman Enayet Chowdhury

Lecturer
Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

Institute of Science Trade & Technology (ISTT)
salmanenayet.butex@gmail.com
Quality
Quality: "Quality" is defined as that combination of design and properties of materials of a

product which are needed for the intended end use and level of the market in which it is sold.
Why Quality is important?
Six benefits of quality are given below:
Higher Earnings
Greater Market Share 01 Higher Growth Rate
06 02
03
05
Loyal Customers Highly Motivated Employee
04
Premium Price
Fig.: Six Benefits of quality
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AQCM
Lecturer

Importance of quality:
Higher Quality is used as a product differentiation strategy
Samsung A50 vs Samsung S21 Ultra

Better quality or higher quality retains customer
Better quality or higher quality reduces marketing cost
Better quality or higher quality increases profit
QA and QC
Quality control and quality assurance are complex areas of the apparel industry. First
off, quality assurance is not quality control, but quality control is an aspect of quality
assurance.
Quality assurance: Quality assurance is the process of designing, producing, evaluating, and
assessing products to determine that they meet the desired quality level for a company's target
market.
Quality assurance takes your quality management process a step further. QA is focused on
planning, documenting, and agreeing on the steps, rules, and guidelines that are necessary to
ensuring quality. The planning happens at the beginning of a project, and the end result is a
documented quality plan.
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AQCM
Lecturer

The main purpose of QA is to prevent defects from entering into your product in the first place,
so it’s a proactive measure to ensure quality. Planning for quality is key to mitigating risks, but
also saves you a lot of time and money
Quality Control: Quality control is the assessment for quality after products have already been
manufactured and sorted into acceptable and unacceptable categories.
It is costly for companies that do not take a quality assurance method, but only look at quality in
terms of quality control. Quality is a multifaceted concept that describes how well a service,
process, material, or product possesses desired intangible or physical attributes.
Quality control is the most basic level of quality management. It includes all activities of
inspecting, testing, or checking a product to ensure it meets the requirements.
The intent of QC is to identify any issues—and either fix them or eliminate them—to make sure
the end result is as expected. QC is typically conducted reactively, at the end of the process
Organizations Relating to Quality:
Several organizations have created standards and specifications to help in assessing consistent
quality. Major organizations include the:
1. American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC)
2. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
3. American Society for Quality (ASQ),
4. American Apparel and Footwear Association (AAFA),
5. Textile Clothing and Technology Corporation (TC2),
6. American National Standards Institute (ANSI),
7. International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Their role:
• These organizations publish industry-wide standards

• These organizations publish commonly agreed on aid for communication and trade
• These organizations publish a set of characteristics or procedures that provide a basis
for resource and production decisions
• These organizations publish a product that meets all specifications and company or
product requirements.
• Published written standards assess fabrics and apparel products usually in terms of
characteristics such as pilling, frosting, or color transfer.
Individual companies write their own specifications or "a precise statement of a set of
requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, system, or service that indicates the
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AQCM
Lecturer

procedures for determining whether each of the requirements are satisfied" based on their
target market's expectations.
TQM
Total quality management (TQM) means:
1. Satisfying customers first time, every time;
2. Enabling the employees to solve problems and eliminate wastage;
3. A style of working, a culture more than a management technique;
4. Philosophy of continuous improvement, never ending, only achievable by/or through people.
Total Quality Management: TQM is the application of quantitative methods and human
resources to improve all the processes within an organization and exceed CUSTOMER NEEDS
now and in the future.
TQM is an approach to improve the effectiveness and flexibilities of business as a whole. It is
essentially a way of organization, every department, every activity and every single person at
every level. TQM ensures that the management adopts a strategic overview of the quality and
focuses on the prevention rather than inspection.
Objectives:
Meeting the customer’s requirements
Continuous improvement of quality
• The management can stimulate the employees in becoming

increasingly competent and creative
Openness and trust
• Develops the relationship of openness and trust among the

employees at all levels in the organization
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AQCM
Lecturer

Difference between QC, QA and TQM:

Diff. between QA & TQM:
Quality Assurance Total Quality Management
Improves outcome Improves process and outcome
Action is initiated when problem is Continuous improvement method
arrived
Focuses on consumer’s aspects only Both consumer’s and non consumer
aspects
Departmental Cross departmental
Errors occur due to individual Errors occur dure to system failure
performances
It’s a proactive measure to ensure Continuous process
quality
Do it yourself
DIFFERENCE CHART BETWEEN QA, QC & TQM
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AQCM

Salman Enayet Chowdhury

Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

Quality: "Quality" is defined as that combination of design and properties of materials of a

Greater Market Share 01 Higher Growth Rate

Fig.: Six Benefits of quality

Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

Samsung A50 vs Samsung S21 Ultra

Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

• These organizations publish industry-wide standards

Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

Meeting the customer’s requirements

Continuous improvement of quality

• The management can stimulate the employees in becoming

Openness and trust

• Develops the relationship of openness and trust among the

Graduate from Bangladesh University of Textiles

Difference between QC, QA and TQM:

DIFFERENCE CHART BETWEEN QA, QC & TQM

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