GLBP

GLBP - Gateway Load Balancing Protocol
Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) protects data traffic from a failed router or circuit, like Hot
Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) and Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), while allowing
packet load sharing between a group of redundant routers.
Feature Specifications for the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Feature History
Release Modification
12.2(14)S This feature was introduced.
12.2(15)T This feature was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T
Supported Platforms
Cisco 1700 series, Cisco 2600 series, Cisco 3620, Cisco 3631, Cisco 3640, Cisco 3660, Cisco 3725,
Cisco 3745, Cisco 7100 series, Cisco 7200 series, Cisco 7400 series, Cisco 7500 series
Finding Support Information for Platforms and Cisco IOS Software Images
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS software image
support. Access Cisco Feature Navigator at http://www.cisco.com/go/fn. You must have an account on
Cisco.com. If you do not have an account or have forgotten your username or password, click Cancel at
the login dialog box and follow the instructions that appear.
Contents
• Prerequisites for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol, page 2
• Information About Gateway Load Balancing Protocol, page 2
• How to Configure Gateway Load Balancing Protocol, page 5
• Configuration Examples for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol, page 13
• Additional References, page 14
• Command Reference, page 16
• Glossary, page 42
Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

1
Prerequisites for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol
Prerequisites for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Before configuring the GLBP feature, ensure that the routers can support multiple MAC addresses on
the physical interfaces. For each GLBP forwarder to be configured, an additional MAC address is used.
Information About Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

To configure GLBP, you need to understand the following concepts:
• GLBP, page 2
• GLBP Active Virtual Gateway, page 2
• GLBP Virtual MAC Address Assignment, page 3
• GLBP Virtual Gateway Redundancy, page 4
• GLBP Virtual Forwarder Redundancy, page 4
• GLBP Gateway Priority, page 4
• GLBP Gateway Weighting and Tracking, page 5
• GLBP Benefits, page 5
GLBP
The Gateway Load Balancing Protocol feature provides automatic router backup for IP hosts configured
with a single default gateway on an IEEE 802.3 LAN. Multiple first hop routers on the LAN combine to
offer a single virtual first hop IP router while sharing the IP packet forwarding load. Other routers on the
LAN may act as redundant GLBP routers that will become active if any of the existing forwarding
routers fail.
GLBP performs a similar, but not identical, function for the user as the HSRP and the VRRP. HSRP and
VRRP protocols allow multiple routers to participate in a virtual router group configured with a virtual
IP address. One member is elected to be the active router to forward packets sent to the virtual IP address
for the group. The other routers in the group are redundant until the active router fails. These standby
routers have unused bandwidth that the protocol is not using. Although multiple virtual router groups
can be configured for the same set of routers, the hosts must be configured for different default gateways,
which results in an extra administrative burden. GLBP provides load balancing over multiple routers
(gateways) using a single virtual IP address and multiple virtual MAC addresses. Each host is configured
with the same virtual IP address, and all routers in the virtual router group participate in forwarding
packets. GLBP members communicate between each other through hello messages sent every 3 seconds
to the multicast address 224.0.0.102, User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port 3222 (source and destination).
GLBP Active Virtual Gateway

Members of a GLBP group elect one gateway to be the active virtual gateway (AVG) for that group.
Other group members provide backup for the AVG in the event that the AVG becomes unavailable. The
AVG assigns a virtual MAC address to each member of the GLBP group. Each gateway assumes
responsibility for forwarding packets sent to the virtual MAC address assigned to it by the AVG. These
gateways are known as active virtual forwarders (AVFs) for their virtual MAC address.

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The AVG is responsible for answering Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) requests for the virtual IP
address. Load sharing is achieved by the AVG replying to the ARP requests with different virtual MAC
addresses.
In Figure 1, Router A is the AVG for a GLBP group, and is responsible for the virtual IP address
10.21.8.10. Router A is also an AVF for the virtual MAC address 0007.b400.0101. Router B is a member
of the same GLBP group and is designated as the AVF for the virtual MAC address 0007.b400.0102.
Client 1 has a default gateway IP address of 10.21.8.10 and a gateway MAC address of 0007.b400.0101.
Client 2 shares the same default gateway IP address but receives the gateway MAC address
0007.b400.0102 because Router B is sharing the traffic load with Router A.
Figure 1 GLBP Topology
WAN Link1 WAN Link2
Router A Router B
AVG 1 AVF 1.2
AVF 1.1
IPv6 Link-Local Address:
FE80::260:3EFF:FE11:6770 Virtual MAC 0007.b400.0102
Virtual MAC 0007.b400.0101
AVG = active virtual gateway

AVF = active virtual forwarder
Client 1 Client 2
72264
Default gateway: IPv6 Link-Local Address: IPv6 Link-Local Address:
Gateway MAC: FE80::260:3EFF:FE11:6770 FE80::260:3EFF:FE11:6770
Virtual MAC 0007.b400.0101 Virtual MAC 0007.b400.0102
If Router A becomes unavailable, Client 1 will not lose access to the WAN because Router B will assume
responsibility for forwarding packets sent to the virtual MAC address of Router A, and for responding
to packets sent to its own virtual MAC address. Router B will also assume the role of the AVG for the
entire GLBP group. Communication for the GLBP members continues despite the failure of a router in
the GLBP group.
GLBP Virtual MAC Address Assignment

A GLBP group allows up to four virtual MAC addresses per group. The AVG is responsible for assigning
the virtual MAC addresses to each member of the group. Other group members request a virtual MAC
address after they discover the AVG through hello messages. Gateways are assigned the next MAC
address in sequence. A virtual forwarder that is assigned a virtual MAC address by the AVG is known
as a primary virtual forwarder. Other members of the GLBP group learn the virtual MAC addresses from
hello messages. A virtual forwarder that has learned the virtual MAC address is referred to as a
secondary virtual forwarder.

3
GLBP Virtual Gateway Redundancy

GLBP operates virtual gateway redundancy in the same way as HSRP. One gateway is elected as the
AVG, another gateway is elected as the standby virtual gateway, and the remaining gateways are placed
in a listen state.
If an AVG fails, the standby virtual gateway will assume responsibility for the virtual IP address. A new
standby virtual gateway is then elected from the gateways in the listen state.
GLBP Virtual Forwarder Redundancy

Virtual forwarder redundancy is similar to virtual gateway redundancy with an AVF. If the AVF fails,
one of the secondary virtual forwarders in the listen state assumes responsibility for the virtual MAC
address.
The new AVF is also a primary virtual forwarder for a different forwarder number. GLBP migrates hosts
away from the old forwarder number using two timers that start as soon as the gateway changes to the
active virtual forwarder state. GLBP uses the hello messages to communicate the current state of the
timers.
The redirect time is the interval during which the AVG continues to redirect hosts to the old virtual
forwarder MAC address. When the redirect time expires, the AVG stops redirecting hosts to the virtual
forwarder, although the virtual forwarder will continue to forward packets that were sent to the old
virtual forwarder MAC address.
The secondary holdtime is the interval during which the virtual forwarder is valid. When the secondary
holdtime expires, the virtual forwarder is removed from all gateways in the GLBP group. The expired
virtual forwarder number becomes eligible for reassignment by the AVG.
GLBP Gateway Priority

GLBP gateway priority determines the role that each GLBP gateway plays and what happens if the AVG
fails.
Priority also determines if a GLBP router functions as a backup virtual gateway and the order of
ascendancy to becoming an AVG if the current AVG fails. You can configure the priority of each backup
virtual gateway with a value of 1 through 255 using the glbp priority command.
In Figure 1, if Router A, the AVG in a LAN topology, fails, an election process takes place to determine
which backup virtual gateway should take over. In this example, Router B is the only other member in
the group so it will automatically become the new AVG. If another router existed in the same GLBP
group with a higher priority, then the router with the highest priority would be elected. If both routers
have the same priority, the backup virtual gateway with the higher IP address would be elected to become
the active virtual gateway.
By default, the GLBP gateway preemptive scheme is disabled. A backup virtual gateway can become the
AVG only if the current AVG fails, regardless of the priorities assigned to the virtual gateways. You can
enable the GLBP preemptive scheme using the glbp preempt command. Preemption allows a backup
virtual gateway to become the AVG, if the backup virtual gateway is assigned a higher priority than the
current AVG.

4
How to Configure Gateway Load Balancing Protocol
GLBP Gateway Weighting and Tracking

GLBP uses a weighting scheme to determine the forwarding capacity of each router in the GLBP group.
The weighting assigned to a router in the GLBP group determines whether it will forward packets and,
if so, the proportion of hosts in the LAN for which it will forward packets. Thresholds can be set to
disable forwarding when the weighting falls below a certain value, and when it rises above another
threshold, forwarding is automatically reenabled.
The GLBP group weighting can be automatically adjusted by tracking the state of an interface within the
router. If a tracked interface goes down, the GLBP group weighting is reduced by a specified value.
Different interfaces can be tracked to decrement the GLBP weighting by varying amounts.
GLBP Benefits
Load Sharing
You can configure GLBP in such a way that traffic from LAN clients can be shared by multiple routers,
thereby sharing the traffic load more equitably among available routers.
Multiple Virtual Routers

GLBP supports up to 1024 virtual routers (GLBP groups) on each physical interface of a router, and up
to 4 virtual forwarders per group.
Preemption
The redundancy scheme of GLBP enables you to preempt an active virtual gateway with a higher priority
backup virtual gateway that has become available. Forwarder preemption works in a similar way, except
that forwarder preemption uses weighting instead of priority and is enabled by default.
Authentication
You can use a simple text password authentication scheme between GLBP group members to detect
configuration errors. A router within a GLBP group with a different authentication string than other
routers will be ignored by other group members.

This section contains the following procedures:
• Customizing GLBP, page 6 (optional)
• Configuring GLBP Weighting Values and Object Tracking, page 8 (optional)
• Enabling and Verifying GLBP, page 10 (required)
• Troubleshooting Gateway Load Balancing Protocol, page 12 (optional)

5
Customizing GLBP
This task explains how to customize your GLBP configuration.
GLBP Customizing Behavior

Customizing the behavior of GLBP is optional. Be aware that as soon as you enable a GLBP group, that
group is operating. It is possible that if you first enable a GLBP group before customizing GLBP, the
router could take over control of the group and become the AVG before you have finished customizing
the feature. Therefore, if you plan to customize GLBP, it is a good idea to do so before enabling GLBP.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. interface type number
4. ip address ip-address mask [secondary]
5. glbp group authentication text string
6. glbp group forwarder preempt [delay minimum seconds]
7. glbp group load-balancing [host-dependent | round-robin | weighted]
8. glbp group preempt [delay minimum seconds]
9. glbp group priority level
10. glbp group timers [msec] hellotime [msec] holdtime
11. glbp group timers redirect redirect timeout
12. exit
DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 enable Enables privileged EXEC mode.
• Enter your password if prompted.
Example:
Router> enable
Step 2 configure terminal Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
Router# configure terminal
Step 3 interface type number Specifies an interface type and number, and enters interface
configuration mode.
Example:
Router(config)# interface fastethernet 0/0

6

Step 4 ip address ip-address mask [secondary] Specifies a primary or secondary IP address for an interface.
• Refer to the “Configuring IP Addressing” chapter of the
Example: Release 12.2 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide for
Router(config-if)# ip address 10.21.8.32 information on configuring IP addresses.
255.255.255.0
Step 5 glbp group authentication text string Authenticates GLBP packets received from other routers in
the group.
Example: • If you configure authentication, all routers within the
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 authentication text GLBP group must use the same authentication string.
stringxyz
Step 6 glbp group forwarder preempt [delay minimum Configures the router to take over as AVF for a GLBP group
seconds] if it has a higher priority than the current AVF.
• This command is enabled by default with a delay of 30
Example: seconds.
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 forwarder preempt
delay minimum 60 • Use the optional delay and minimum keywords and the
seconds argument to specify a minimum delay interval
in seconds before preemption of the AVF takes place.
Step 7 glbp group load-balancing [host-dependent | Specifies the method of load balancing used by the GLBP
round-robin | weighted] AVG.
Example:
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 load-balancing
host-dependent
Step 8 glbp group preempt [delay minimum seconds] Configures the router to take over as AVG for a GLBP group
if it has a higher priority than the current AVG.
Example: • This command is disabled by default.
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 preempt delay
minimum 60
• Use the optional delay and minimum keywords and the
seconds argument to specify a minimum delay interval
in seconds before preemption of the AVG takes place.
Step 9 glbp group priority level Sets the priority level of the gateway within a GLBP group.
• The default value is 100.
Example:
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 priority 254
Step 10 glbp group timers [msec] hellotime [msec] Configures the interval between successive hello packets
holdtime sent by the AVG in a GLBP group.
• The holdtime argument specifies the interval in seconds
Example: before the virtual gateway and virtual forwarder
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 timers 5 18 information in the hello packet is considered invalid.
• The optional msec keyword specifies that the following
argument will be expressed in milliseconds, instead of
the default seconds.

7

Step 11 glbp group timers redirect redirect timeout Configures the time interval during which the AVG continues
to redirect clients to an AVF.
Example: • The timeout argument specifies the interval in seconds
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 timers redirect 1800 before a secondary virtual forwarder becomes invalid.
28800
Note The zero value for the redirect argument cannot be
removed from the range of acceptable values because
preexisting configurations of Cisco IOS software
already using the zero value could be negatively
affected during an upgrade. However, be advised that
a zero setting is not recommended and, if used,
results in a redirect timer that never expires. If the
redirect timer does not expire, then when a router
fails, new hosts continue to be assigned to the failed
router instead of being redirected to the backup.
Step 12 exit Exits interface configuration mode, and returns the router to
global configuration mode.
Example:
Router(config-if)# exit
What to Do Next
If you do not need to configure GLBP weighting values and object tracking, proceed to the “Enabling
and Verifying GLBP” section.
Configuring GLBP Weighting Values and Object Tracking

This task explains how to configure GLBP weighting values and object tracking.
GLBP Weighting Configuration Behavior

GLBP weighting is used to determine whether a router can act as a virtual forwarder. Initial weighting
values can be set and optional thresholds specified. Interface states can be tracked and a decrement value
set to reduce the weighting value if the interface goes down. When the GLBP router weighting drops
below a specified value, the router will no longer be an active virtual forwarder. When the weighting
rises above a specified value, the router can resume its role as an active virtual forwarder.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
3. track object-number interface type number {line-protocol | ip routing}
5. glbp group weighting maximum [lower lower] [upper upper]
6. glbp group weighting track object-number [decrement value]
7. exit

8
DETAILED STEPS

Example:
Router> enable
Example:
Step 3 track object-number interface type number Configures an interface to be tracked where changes in the
{line-protocol | ip routing} state of the interface affect the weighting of a GLBP
gateway.
Example: • This command configures the interface and
Router(config)# track 2 interface POS 6/0 ip corresponding object number to be used with the glbp
routing
weighting track command.
• The line-protocol keyword tracks whether the interface
is up. The ip routing keywords also check that IP
routing is enabled on the interface, and an IP address is
configured.
Step 4 interface type number Enters interface configuration mode.
Example:
Step 5 glbp group weighting maximum [lower lower] Specifies the initial weighting value, and the upper and
[upper upper] lower thresholds, for a GLBP gateway.
Example:
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 weighting 110 lower
95 upper 105
Step 6 glbp group weighting track object-number Specifies an object to be tracked that affects the weighting
[decrement value] of a GLBP gateway.
• The value argument specifies a reduction in the
Example: weighting of a GLBP gateway when a tracked object
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 weighting track 2 fails.
decrement 5
Example:

9
Enabling and Verifying GLBP

This task explains how to enable GLBP on an interface and verify its configuration and operation. GLBP
is designed to be easy to configure. Each gateway in a GLBP group must be configured with the same
group number, and at least one gateway in the GLBP group must be configured with the virtual IP
address to be used by the group. All other required parameters can be learned.
Prerequisites
If VLANs are in use on an interface, the GLBP group number must be different for each VLAN.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
4. ip address ip-address mask [secondary]
5. glbp group ip [ip-address [secondary]]
6. exit
7. show glbp [interface-type interface-number] [group] [state] [brief]
DETAILED STEPS

Example:
Router> enable
Example:
Step 3 interface type number Specifies an interface type and number, and enters interface
configuration mode.
Example:
Step 4 ip address ip-address mask [secondary] Specifies a primary or secondary IP address for an interface.
• Refer to the “Configuring IP Addressing” chapter of the
Example: Release 12.2 Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide for
Router(config-if)# ip address 10.21.8.32 information on configuring IP addresses.
255.255.255.0

10

Step 5 glbp group ip [ip-address [secondary]] Enables GLBP on an interface and identifies the primary IP
address of the virtual gateway.
Example: • After you identify a primary IP address, you can use the
Router(config-if)# glbp 10 ip 10.21.8.10 glbp group ip command again with the secondary
keyword to indicate additional IP addresses supported
by this group.
Example:
Step 7 show glbp [interface-type interface-number] (Optional) Displays information about GLBP groups on a
[group] [state] [brief] router.
• Use the optional brief keyword to display a single line
Example: of information about each virtual gateway or virtual
Router(config)# show glbp 10 forwarder.
Examples
This section provides the following output example:
• Sample Output for the show glbp Command
Sample Output for the show glbp Command

In the following example, output information is displayed about the status of the GLBP group, named
10, on the router:
Router# show glbp 10
FastEthernet0/0 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 23:50:33
Virtual IP address is 10.21.8.10
Hello time 5 sec, hold time 18 sec
Next hello sent in 4.300 secs
Redirect time 1800 sec, forwarder time-out 28800 sec
Authentication text "stringabc"
Preemption enabled, min delay 60 sec
Active is local
Standby is unknown
Priority 254 (configured)
Weighting 105 (configured 110), thresholds: lower 95, upper 105
Track object 2 state Down decrement 5
Load balancing: host-dependent
There is 1 forwarder (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 23:50:15
MAC address is 0007.b400.0101 (default)
Owner ID is 0005.0050.6c08
Redirection enabled
Active is local, weighting 105

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Troubleshooting Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

The Gateway Load Balancing Protocol feature introduces five privileged EXEC mode commands to
enable diagnostic output concerning various events relating to the operation of GLBP to be displayed on
a console. The debug condition glbp, debug glbp errors, debug glbp events, debug glbp packets, and
debug glbp terse commands are intended only for troubleshooting purposes because the volume of
output generated by the software can result in severe performance degradation on the router. Perform this
task to minimize the impact of using the debug glbp commands.
This procedure will minimize the load on the router created by the debug condition glbp or debug glbp
command because the console port is no longer generating character-by-character processor interrupts.
If you cannot connect to a console directly, you can run this procedure via a terminal server. If you must
break the Telnet connection, however, you may not be able to reconnect because the router may be unable
to respond due to the processor load of generating the debugging output.
Prerequisites
This task requires a router running GLBP to be attached directly to a console.
SUMMARY STEPS
1. enable
3. no logging console
4. Use Telnet to access a router port and repeat Steps 1 and 2.
5. terminal monitor
6. end
7. debug condition glbp interface-type interface-number group [forwarder]
9. no terminal monitor
10. end
DETAILED STEPS

Example:
Router> enable
Example:

12
Configuration Examples for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Step 3 no logging console Disables all logging to the console terminal.
• To reenable logging to the console, use the logging
Example: console command in global configuration mode.
Router(config)# no logging console
Step 4 Use Telnet to access a router port and repeat Enters global configuration mode in a recursive Telnet
Steps 1 and 2. session, which allows the output to be redirected away from
the console port.
Step 5 terminal monitor Enables logging output on the virtual terminal.
Example:
Router(config)# terminal monitor
Step 6 end Exits to privileged EXEC mode.
Example:
Router(config)# end
Step 7 debug condition glbp interface-type Displays debugging messages about GLBP conditions.
interface-number group [forwarder]
• Try to enter only specific debug condition glbp or
debug glbp commands to isolate the output to a certain
Example: subcomponent and minimize the load on the processor.
Router# debug condition glbp fastethernet
0/0 10 1 Use appropriate arguments and keywords to generate
more detailed debug information on specified
subcomponents.
• Enter the specific no debug condition glbp or no debug
glbp command when you are finished.
Example:
Step 9 no terminal monitor Disables logging on the virtual terminal.
Example:
Router(config)# no terminal monitor
Step 10 end Exits to privileged EXEC mode.
Example:
Router(config)# end
Configuration Examples for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

This section contains the following configuration examples:
• Customizing GLBP Configuration Example, page 14
• Configuring GLBP Weighting Example, page 14
• Enabling GLBP Configuration Example, page 14

13
Additional References
Customizing GLBP Configuration Example

In the following example, Router A, shown in Figure 1, is configured with a number of GLBP
commands:
interface fastethernet 0/0
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0
glbp 10 authentication text stringxyz
glbp 10 forwarder preempt delay minimum 60
glbp 10 load-balancing host-dependent
glbp 10 preempt delay minimum 60
glbp 10 priority 254
glbp 10 timers 5 18
glbp 10 timers redirect 1800 28800
Configuring GLBP Weighting Example

In the following example, Router A, shown in Figure 1, is configured to track the IP routing state of the
POS interface 6/0, an initial GLBP weighting with upper and lower thresholds is set, and a weighting
decrement value of 5 is set. If POS interface 6/0 goes down, the weighting value of the router is reduced.
track 2 interface POS 6/0 ip routing
glbp 10 weighting 110 lower 95 upper 105
glbp 10 weighting track 2 decrement 5
Enabling GLBP Configuration Example

In the following example, Router A, shown in Figure 1, is configured to enable GLBP, and the virtual IP
address of 10.21.8.10 is specified for GLBP group 10:
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0
glbp 10 ip 10.21.8.10
For additional information related to GLBP, see the following sections:
• Related Documents, page 15
• Standards, page 15
• MIBs, page 15
• RFCs, page 16
• Technical Assistance, page 16

14
Related Documents
Related Topic Document Title
HSRP configuration “Configuring IP Services” chapter in the Cisco IOS IP
Configuration Guide, Release 12.2
HSRP commands: complete command syntax, Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 1 of 3: Addressing and
command mode, defaults, usage guidelines, and Services, Release 12.2 T
examples
VRRP feature “Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol” feature document,
Release 12.2(13)T
Standards
Standards Title
No new or modified standards are supported by this —
feature, and support for existing standards has not been
modified by this feature.
MIBs
MIBs MIBs Link
No new or modified MIBs are supported by this To obtain lists of supported MIBs by platform and Cisco IOS
feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been release, and to download MIB modules, go to the Cisco MIB website
modified by this feature. on Cisco.com at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use
Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:
http://tools.cisco.com/ITDIT/MIBS/servlet/index
If Cisco MIB Locator does not support the MIB information that you need, you can also obtain a list of
supported MIBs and download MIBs from the Cisco MIBs page at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml
To access Cisco MIB Locator, you must have an account on Cisco.com. If you have forgotten or lost your
account information, send a blank e-mail to cco-locksmith@cisco.com. An automatic check will verify
that your e-mail address is registered with Cisco.com. If the check is successful, account details with a
new random password will be e-mailed to you. Qualified users can establish an account on Cisco.com
by following the directions found at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/register

15
Command Reference
RFCs
RFCs Title
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this —
feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been
modified by this feature.
Technical Assistance
Description Link
Technical Assistance Center (TAC) home page, http://www.cisco.com/public/support/tac/home.shtml
containing 30,000 pages of searchable technical
content, including links to products, technologies,
solutions, technical tips, and tools. Registered
Cisco.com users can log in from this page to access
even more content.
Command Reference
This section documents new commands. All other commands used with this feature are documented in
the Cisco IOS Release 12.2 T command reference publications.
• debug condition glbp
• debug glbp errors
• debug glbp events
• debug glbp packets
• debug glbp terse
• glbp authentication
• glbp forwarder preempt
• glbp ip
• glbp load-balancing
• glbp preempt
• glbp priority
• glbp timers
• glbp timers redirect
• glbp weighting
• glbp weighting track
• show glbp
• track

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debug condition glbp
debug condition glbp

To display debugging messages about Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) conditions, use the
debug condition glbp command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable debugging output, use the no
form of this command.
debug condition glbp interface-type interface-number group [forwarder]
no debug condition glbp type number group [forwarder]
Syntax Description interface-type Interface type and number for which output is displayed.
interface-number
group GLBP group number in the range from 0 to 1023.
forwarder (Optional) Number in the range from 1 to 255 used to identify a virtual MAC
address.
Command Modes Privileged EXEC
Command History Release Modification

12.2(14)S This command was introduced.
12.2(15)T This command was integrated into Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T.
Examples The following is sample output from the debug condition glbp command:
Router# debug condition glbp fastethernet 0/0 10 1
Condition 1 set
5d23h: Fa0/0 GLBP10.1 Debug: Condition 1, glbp Fa0/0 GLBP10.1 triggered, count 1
Related Commands Command Description

debug glbp errors Displays debugging messages about GLBP errors.
debug glbp events Displays debugging messages about GLBP events.
debug glbp packets Displays debugging messages about GLBP packets.
debug glbp terse Displays a limited range of debugging messages about GLBP errors, events,
and packets.

17
debug glbp errors
debug glbp errors

To display debugging messages about Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) error conditions, use
the debug glbp errors command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable debugging output, use the no
debug glbp errors
no debug glbp errors
Syntax Description This command has no arguments or keywords.

Examples The following is sample output from the debug glbp errors command:
Router# debug glbp errors
GLBP Errors debugging is on

1d19h: GLBP: Fa0/0 API active virtual address 10.21.8.32 not found

debug condition glbp Displays debugging messages about GLBP that match specific conditions.

18
debug glbp events
debug glbp events

To display debugging messages about Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) events that are
occurring, use the debug glbp events command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable debugging output,
use the no form of this command.
debug glbp events [all | detail | terse]
no debug glbp events [all | detail | terse]
Syntax Description all (Optional) Displays all debugging output about GLBP events.
detail (Optional) Displays detailed debugging output about GLBP events.
terse (Optional) Displays a limited range of debugging output about GLBP events.

Examples The following is sample output from the debug glbp events command when the terse keyword is
specified:
Router# debug glbp events terse
GLBP Events debugging is on

(protocol, redundancy, track)


19
debug glbp packets
debug glbp packets

To display summary information about Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) packets being sent or
received, use the debug glbp packets command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable debugging output,
debug glbp packets [all | detail | hello | reply | request | terse]
no debug glbp packets [all | detail | hello | reply | request | terse]
Syntax Description all (Optional) Displays all debugging output about GLBP packets.
detail (Optional) Displays detailed debugging output about GLBP packets.
hello (Optional) Displays debugging output about GLBP hello packets.
reply (Optional) Displays debugging output about GLBP reply packets.
request (Optional) Displays debugging output about GLBP request packets.
terse (Optional) Displays a limited range of debugging output about GLBP packets.

Examples The following is sample output from the debug glbp packets command:
Router# debug glbp packets hello
GLBP Packets debugging is on

(Hello)
1d19h: GLBP: Fa0/0 Grp 10 Hello out 10.21.8.32 VG Active pri 254 vIP 10.21.8.10 1


20
debug glbp terse
debug glbp terse

To display a limited range of debug messages about Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) errors,
events, and packets, use the debug glbp terse command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable debugging
output, use the no form of this command.
debug glbp terse
no debug glbp terse
Syntax Description This command has no arguments or keywords.

Examples The following is sample output from the debug glbp terse command:
Router# debug glbp terse
GLBP:
GLBP Errors debugging is on
GLBP Events debugging is on
(protocol, redundancy, track)
GLBP Packets debugging is on
(Request, Reply)

debug glbp errors Displays debugging messages about GLBP errors.
debug glbp events Displays debugging messages about GLBP events.
debug glbp packets Displays debugging messages about GLBP packets.

21
glbp authentication
glbp authentication
To configure an authentication string for the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP), use the glbp
authentication command in interface configuration mode. To delete an authentication string, use the no
glbp group authentication text string
no glbp group authentication text string
Syntax Description group GLBP group number in the range from 0 to 1023.
text string Specifies an authentication string. The number of characters in the command
plus the text string must not exceed 255 characters.
Defaults No authentication of GLBP messages occurs.
Command Modes Interface configuration

Usage Guidelines The authentication string is sent in plain text in all GLBP messages. The same authentication string must
be configured on all the routers that are configured to be members of the same GLBP group, to ensure
interoperation. A router will ignore all GLBP messages that contain the wrong authentication string.
Examples The following example configures stringxyz as the authentication string required to allow GLBP routers
in group 10 to interoperate:
glbp 10 authentication text stringxyz

glbp ip Enables GLBP.

22
glbp forwarder preempt
glbp forwarder preempt

To configure a router to take over as active virtual forwarder (AVF) for a Gateway Load Balancing
Protocol (GLBP) group if it has higher priority than the current AVF, use the glbp forwarder preempt
command in interface configuration mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
glbp group forwarder preempt [delay minimum seconds]
no glbp group forwarder preempt [delay minimum]
delay minimum (Optional) Specifies a minimum number of seconds that the router will
seconds delay before taking over the role of AVF. The range is from 0 to 3600
seconds with a default delay of 30 seconds.
Defaults Forwarder preemption is enabled with a default delay of 30 seconds.

Examples The following example shows a router being configured to preempt the current AVF when its priority is
higher than that of the current AVF. If the router preempts the current AVF, it waits 60 seconds before
taking over the role of the AVF.
glbp 10 forwarder preempt delay minimum 60


23
glbp ip
glbp ip
To activate the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP), use the glbp ip command in interface
configuration mode. To disable GLBP, use the no form of this command.
glbp group ip [ip-address [secondary]]
no glbp group ip [ip-address [secondary]]
ip-address (Optional) Virtual IP address for the GLBP group. The IP address must be in the
same subnet as the interface IP address.
secondary (Optional) Indicates that the IP address is a secondary GLBP virtual address.
Defaults GLBP is disabled by default.

Usage Guidelines The glbp ip command activates GLBP on the configured interface. If an IP address is specified, that
address is used as the designated virtual IP address for the GLBP group. If no IP address is specified,
the designated address is learned from another router configured to be in the same GLBP group. For
GLBP to elect an active virtual gateway (AVG), at least one router on the cable must have been
configured with the designated address. A router must be configured with, or have learned, the virtual
IP address of the GLBP group before assuming the role of a GLBP gateway or forwarder. Configuring
the designated address on the AVG always overrides a designated address that is currently in use.
When the glbp ip command is enabled on an interface, the handling of proxy Address Resolution
Protocol (ARP) requests is changed (unless proxy ARP was disabled). ARP requests are sent by hosts to
map an IP address to a MAC address. The GLBP gateway intercepts the ARP requests and replies to the
ARP on behalf of the connected nodes. If a forwarder in the GLBP group is active, proxy ARP requests
are answered using the MAC address of the first active forwarder in the group. If no forwarder is active,
proxy ARP responses are suppressed.
Examples The following example activates GLBP for group 10 on Fast Ethernet interface 0/0. The virtual IP
address to be used by the GLBP group is set to 10.21.8.10.
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0
glbp 10 ip 10.21.8.10

24
glbp ip
The following example activates GLBP for group 10 on Fast Ethernet interface 0/0. The virtual IP
address used by the GLBP group will be learned from another router configured to be in the same GLBP
group.
glbp 10 ip

show glbp Displays GLBP information.

25
glbp load-balancing
glbp load-balancing
To specify the load-balancing method used by the active virtual gateway (AVG) of the Gateway Load
Balancing Protocol (GLBP), use the glbp load-balancing command in interface configuration mode. To
disable load balancing, use the no form of this command.
glbp group load-balancing [host-dependent | round-robin | weighted]
no glbp group load-balancing
host-dependent (Optional) Specifies a load balancing method based on the MAC address of
a host where the same forwarder is always used for a particular host while
the number of GLBP group members remains unchanged.
round-robin (Optional) Specifies a load balancing method where each virtual forwarder
in turn is included in address resolution replies for the virtual IP address.
This method is the default.
weighted (Optional) Specifies a load balancing method that is dependent on the
weighting value advertised by the gateway.
Defaults The round-robin method is the default.

Usage Guidelines Use the host-dependent method of GLBP load balancing when you need each host to always use the same
router. Use the weighted method of GLBP load balancing when you need unequal load balancing
because routers in the GLBP group have different forwarding capacities.
Examples The following example shows the host-dependent load-balancing method being configured for the AVG
of the GLBP group 10:
glbp 10 ip 10.21.8.10
glbp 10 load-balancing host-dependent

show glbp Displays GLBP information.

26
glbp preempt
glbp preempt
To configure the gateway to take over as active virtual gateway (AVG) for a Gateway Load Balancing
Protocol (GLBP) group if it has higher priority than the current AVG, use the glbp preempt command
in interface configuration mode. To disable this feature, use the no form of this command.
glbp group preempt [delay minimum seconds]
no glbp group preempt [delay minimum]
delay minimum (Optional) Specifies a minimum number of seconds that the router will
seconds delay before taking over the role of AVG. The range is from 0 to 3600
seconds with a default delay of 30 seconds.
Defaults A GLBP router with a higher priority than the current AVG cannot assume the role of AVG.

Examples The following example shows a router being configured to preempt the current AVG when its priority of
254 is higher than that of the current AVG. If the router preempts the current AVG, it waits 60 seconds
before assuming the role of AVG.
glbp 10 preempt delay minimum 60

glbp priority Sets the priority level of the router within a GLBP group.

27
glbp priority
glbp priority
To set the priority level of the gateway within a Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) group, use
the glbp priority command in interface configuration mode. To remove the priority level of the gateway,
glbp group priority level
no glbp group priority level
level Priority of the gateway within the GLBP group. The range is from 1 to 255.
The default is 100.
Defaults level: 100

Usage Guidelines Use this command to control which virtual gateway becomes the active virtual gateway (AVG). After the
priorities of several different virtual gateways are compared, the gateway with the numerically higher
priority is elected as the AVG. If two virtual gateways have equal priority, the gateway with the higher
IP address is selected.
Examples The following example shows a virtual gateway being configured with a priority of 254:

glbp preempt Configures a router to take over as the AVG for a GLBP group if it has
higher priority than the current AVG.

28
glbp timers
glbp timers
To configure the time between hello packets sent by the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP)
gateway and the time that the virtual gateway and virtual forwarder information is considered valid, use
the glbp timers command in interface configuration mode. To restore the timers to their default values,
glbp group timers [msec] hellotime [msec] holdtime
no glbp group timers
msec (Optional) Specifies that the following (hellotime or holdtime) argument value
will be expressed in milliseconds.
hellotime Hello interval. The default is 3 seconds (3000 milliseconds).
holdtime Time before the virtual gateway and virtual forwarder information contained
in the hello packet is considered invalid. The default is 10 seconds
(10,000 milliseconds).
Defaults hellotime: 3 seconds

holdtime: 10 seconds

Usage Guidelines Routers on which timer values are not configured can learn timer values from the active virtual gateway
(AVG). The timers configured on the AVG always override any other timer settings. All routers in a
GLBP group should use the same timer values. If a GLBP gateway sends a hello message, the
information should be considered valid for one holdtime. Normally, holdtime is greater than three times
the value of hello time, (holdtime > 3 * hellotime). The range of values for holdtime force the holdtime
to be greater than the hello time.
Examples The following example shows the GLBP group 10 on Fast Ethernet interface 0/0 timers being configured
for an interval of 5 seconds between hello packets, and the time after which virtual gateway and virtual
forwarder information is considered to be invalid to 18 seconds:
glbp 10 ip
glbp 10 timers 5 18

29
glbp timers redirect

To configure the time during which the active virtual gateway (AVG) for a Gateway Load Balancing
Protocol (GLBP) group continues to redirect clients to a secondary active virtual forwarder (AVF), use
the glbp timers redirect command in interface configuration mode. To restore the redirect timers to
their default values, use the no form of this command.
glbp group timers redirect redirect timeout
no glbp group timers redirect redirect timeout
redirect The redirect timer interval in the range from 0 to 3600 seconds. The default is
600 seconds (10 minutes).
Note The zero value for the redirect argument cannot be removed from the
range of acceptable values because preexisting configurations of
Cisco IOS software already using the zero value could be negatively
affected during an upgrade. However, be advised that a zero setting is
not recommended and, if used, results in a redirect timer that never
expires. If the redirect timer does not expire, then when a router fails,
new hosts continue to be assigned to the failed router instead of being
redirected to the backup.
timeout The time interval, in the range from 600 to 64,800 seconds, before the
secondary virtual forwarder becomes unavailable. The default is
14,400 seconds (4 hours).
Defaults redirect: 600 seconds

timeout: 14,400 seconds
Command Modes Interface configuration (config-if)

Usage Guidelines A virtual forwarder that is assigned a virtual MAC address by the AVG is known as a primary virtual
forwarder. If the virtual forwarder has learned the virtual MAC address from hello messages, it is
referred to as a secondary virtual forwarder.
The redirect timer sets the time delay between a forwarder failing on the network and the AVG assuming
that the forwarder will not return. The virtual MAC address that the forwarder was responsible for
replying to is still given out in Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) replies, but the forwarding task is
handled by another router in the GLBP group.

30
Note The zero value for the redirect argument cannot be removed from the range of acceptable values
because preexisting configurations of Cisco IOS software already using the zero value could be
negatively affected during an upgrade. However, be advised that a zero setting is not
recommended and, if used, results in a redirect timer that never expires. If the redirect timer does
not expire, then when a router fails, new hosts continue to be assigned to the failed router instead
of being redirected to the backup.
The timeout interval is the time delay between a forwarder failing on the network and the MAC address
for which the forwarder was responsible becoming inactive on all of the routers in the GLBP group. After
the timeout interval, packets sent to this virtual MAC address will be lost. The timeout interval must be
long enough to allow all hosts to refresh their ARP cache entry that contained the virtual MAC address.
Examples The following example shows the commands used to configure GLBP group 1 on Fast Ethernet interface
0/0 with a redirect timer of 1800 seconds (30 minutes) and timeout interval of 28,800 seconds (8 hours):
Router# config terminal
Router(config)# interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)# glbp 1 timers redirect 1800 28800

31
glbp weighting
glbp weighting
To specify the initial weighting value of the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) gateway, use the
glbp weighting command in interface configuration mode. To restore the default values, use the no form
of this command.
glbp group weighting maximum [lower lower] [upper upper]
no glbp group weighting
maximum Maximum weighting value in the range from 1 to 254. Default value is 100.
lower lower (Optional) Specifies a lower weighting value in the range from 1 to the
specified maximum weighting value. Default value is 1.
upper upper (Optional) Specifies an upper weighting value in the range from the lower
weighting to the maximum weighting value. The default value is the specified
maximum weighting value.
Defaults The default gateway weighting value is 100 and the default lower weighting value is 1.

Usage Guidelines The weighting value of a virtual gateway is a measure of the forwarding capacity of the gateway. If a
tracked interface on the router fails, the weighting value of the router may fall from the maximum value
to below the lower threshold, causing the router to give up its role as a virtual forwarder. When the
weighting value of the router rises above the upper threshold, the router can resume its active virtual
forwarder role.
Use the glbp weighting track and track commands to configure parameters for an interface to be
tracked. If an interface on a router goes down, the weighting for the router can be reduced by a specified
value.
Examples The following example shows the weighting of the gateway for GLBP group 10 being set to a maximum
of 110 with a lower weighting limit of 95 and an upper weighting limit of 105:
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0

32
glbp weighting

glbp weighting track Specifies an object to be tracked that affects the weighting of a GLBP
gateway.
track Configures an interface to be tracked where changes in the state of the
interface affect the weighting of a GLBP gateway.

33
glbp weighting track

To specify a tracking object where the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) weighting changes
based on the availability of the object being tracked, use the glbp weighting track command in interface
configuration mode. To remove the tracking, use the no form of this command.
glbp group weighting track object-number [decrement value]
no glbp group weighting track object-number [decrement value]
object-number Object number representing an item to be tracked. Use the track command
to configure the tracked object.
decrement value (Optional) Specifies an amount by which the GLBP weighting for the router
is decremented (or incremented) when the interface goes down (or comes
back up). The value range is from 1 to 254, with a default value of 10.
Defaults The default decrement value is 10.

Usage Guidelines This command ties the weighting of the GLBP gateway to the availability of its interfaces. It is useful
for tracking interfaces that are not configured for GLBP.
When a tracked interface goes down, the GLBP gateway weighting decreases by 10. If an interface is not
tracked, its state changes do not affect the GLBP gateway weighting. For each GLBP group, you can
configure a separate list of interfaces to be tracked.
The optional value argument specifies by how much to decrement the GLBP gateway weighting when a
tracked interface goes down. When the tracked interface comes back up, the weighting is incremented
by the same amount.
When multiple tracked interfaces are down, the configured weighting decrements are cumulative.
Use the track command to configure each interface to be tracked.

34
Examples In the following example, Fast Ethernet interface 0/0 tracks two interfaces represented by the numbers
1 and 2. If interface 1 goes down, the GLBP gateway weighting decreases by the default value of 10. If
interface 2 goes down, the GLBP gateway weighting decreases by 5.
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0
glbp 10 weighting track 1

glbp weighting Specifies the initial weighting value of a GLBP gateway.
track Configures an interface to be tracked where changes in the state of the interface
affect the weighting of a GLBP gateway.

35
show glbp
show glbp
To display Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) information, use the show glbp command in
privileged EXEC mode.
show glbp [interface-type interface-number] [group] [state] [brief]
Syntax Description interface-type (Optional) Interface type and number for which output is displayed.
interface-number
group (Optional) GLBP group number in the range from 0 to 1023.
state (Optional) State of the GLBP router, one of the following: active, disabled, init,
listen, speak, or standby.
brief (Optional) Summarizes each virtual gateway or virtual forwarder with a single
line of output.

Usage Guidelines Use the show glbp command to display information about GLBP groups on a router. The brief keyword
displays a single line of information about each virtual gateway or virtual forwarder.

36
show glbp
Examples The following is sample output from the show glbp command:
Router# show glbp
FastEthernet0/0 - Group 10
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 23:50:33
Virtual IP address is 10.21.8.10
Hello time 5 sec, hold time 18 sec
Next hello sent in 4.300 secs
Redirect time 1800 sec, forwarder time-out 28800 sec
Authentication text "stringabc"
Active is local
Standby is unknown
Priority 254 (configured)
Weighting 105 (configured 110), thresholds: lower 95, upper 105
Track object 2 state Down decrement 5
Load balancing: host-dependent
There is 1 forwarder (1 active)
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 23:50:15
MAC address is 0007.b400.0101 (default)
Owner ID is 0005.0050.6c08
Redirection enabled
Active is local, weighting 105
The following is sample output from the show glbp command with the brief keyword specified:
Router# show glbp brief
Interface Grp Fwd Pri State Address Active router Standby router
Fa0/0 10 - 254 Active 10.21.8.10 local unknown
Fa0/0 10 1 7 Active 0007.b400.0101 local -

37
show glbp
Table 1 describes the significant fields shown in the displays.
Table 1 show glbp Field Descriptions
Field Description
FastEthernet0/0 - Interface type and number and GLBP group number for the interface.
Group
State is State descriptions for virtual gateways or virtual forwarders are similar but
differ in some details. For a virtual gateway the state can be one of the
following:
• Disabled—Indicates that the virtual IP address has not been configured or
learned yet, but other GLBP configuration exists.
• Initial—The virtual IP address has been configured or learned but virtual
gateway configuration is not complete. An interface must be up and
configured to route IP, and an interface IP address must be configured.
• Listen—Virtual gateway is receiving hello packets and is ready to change
to the “speak” state if the active or standby virtual gateway becomes
unavailable.
• Speak—Virtual gateway is attempting to become the active or standby
virtual gateway.
• Standby—Indicates that the gateway is next in line to be the active virtual
gateway (AVG).
• Active—Indicates that this gateway is the AVG, and that it is responsible
for responding to Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) requests for the
virtual IP address.
For a virtual forwarder the state can be one of the following:
• Disabled—Indicates that the virtual MAC address has not been assigned or
learned. This is a transitory state because a virtual forwarder changing to a
disabled state is deleted.
• Initial—The virtual MAC address is known but virtual forwarder
configuration is not complete. An interface must be up and configured to
route IP, an interface IP address must be configured, and the virtual IP
address must be known.
• Listen—Virtual forwarder is receiving hello packets and is ready to change
to the “active” state if the active virtual forwarder (AVF) becomes
unavailable.
• Active—Indicates that this gateway is the AVF, and that it is responsible for
forwarding packets sent to the virtual forwarder MAC address.
Virtual IP address is The virtual IP address of the GLBP group. All secondary virtual IP addresses
are listed on separate lines. If one of the virtual IP addresses is a duplicate of an
address configured for another device, it will be marked as “duplicate.” A
duplicate address indicates that the router has failed to defend its ARP cache
entry.

38
show glbp
Table 1 show glbp Field Descriptions (continued)
Field Description
Hello time, hold The hello time is the time between hello packets (in seconds or milliseconds).
time The holdtime is the time (in seconds) before other routers declare the active
router to be down. All routers in a GLBP group use the hello and holdtime
values of the current AVG. If the locally configured values are different, the
configured values appear in parentheses after the hello time and holdtime
values.
Next hello sent in Time until GLBP will send the next hello packet (in seconds or milliseconds).
Preemption enabled Indicates whether GLBP gateway preemption is enabled. If enabled, the
minimum delay is the time (in seconds) a higher-priority nonactive router will
wait before preempting the lower-priority active router.
This field is also displayed under the forwarder section where it indicates GLBP
forwarder preemption.
Active is Value can be “local,” “unknown,” or an IP address. Address (and the expiration
date of the address) of the current AVG.
This field is also displayed under the forwarder section where it indicates the
address of the current AVF.
Standby is Value can be “local,” “unknown,” or an IP address. Address (and the expiration
date of the address) of the standby gateway (the gateway that is next in line to
be the AVG).
Weighting Initial weighting value with lower and upper threshold values.
Track object List of objects that are being tracked and their corresponding states.

glbp timers Configures the time between hello messages and the time before other
routers declare the active GLBP router to be down.
gateway.

39
track
track
To configure an interface to be tracked where the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) weighting
changes based on the state of the interface, use the track command in global configuration mode. To
remove the tracking, use the no form of this command.
track object-number interface type number {line-protocol | ip routing}
no track object-number interface type number {line-protocol | ip routing}
Syntax Description object-number Object number in the range from 1 to 500 representing the interface to be
tracked.
interface type number Tracks the specified interface type and number.
line-protocol Tracks whether the interface is up.
ip routing Tracks whether IP routing is enabled, an IP address is configured on the
interface, and the interface state is up, before reporting to GLBP that the
interface is up.
Defaults The state of the interfaces is not tracked.
Command Modes Global configuration

Usage Guidelines Use the track command in conjunction with the glbp weighting and glbp weighting track commands
to configure parameters for an interface to be tracked. If a tracked interface on a GLBP router goes down,
the weighting for that router is reduced. If the weighting falls below a specified minimum, the router will
lose its ability to act as an active GLBP virtual forwarder.

40
track
Examples In the following example, Fast Ethernet interface 0/0 tracks whether serial interfaces 2/0 and 3/0 are up.
If either serial interface goes down, the GLBP weighting is reduced by the default value of 10. If both
serial interfaces go down, the GLBP weighting will fall below the lower threshold and the router will no
longer be an active forwarder. To resume its role as an active forwarder, the router must have both tracked
interfaces back up, and the weighting must rise above the upper threshold.
track 1 interface serial 2/0 line-protocol
track 2 interface serial 3/0 line-protocol
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0
In the following example, Fast Ethernet interface 0/0 tracks whether serial interface 2/0 is enabled for
IP routing, whether it is configured with an IP address, and whether the state of the interface is up. If
serial interface 2/0 goes down, the GLBP weighting is reduced by a value of 20.
track 2 interface serial 2/0 ip routing
ip address 10.21.8.32 255.255.255.0

glbp weighting Specifies the initial weighting value of a GLBP gateway.
gateway.

41
Glossary
Glossary
AVF—active virtual forwarder. One virtual forwarder within a GLBP group is elected as active virtual
forwarder for a specified virtual MAC address, and is responsible for forwarding packets sent to that
MAC address. Multiple active virtual forwarders can exist for each GLBP group.
AVG—active virtual gateway. One virtual gateway within a GLBP group is elected as the active virtual
gateway, and is responsible for the operation of the protocol.
GLBP gateway—Gateway Load Balancing Protocol gateway. A router or gateway running GLBP. Each
GLBP gateway may participate in one or more GLBP groups.
GLBP group—Gateway Load Balancing Protocol group. One or more GLBP gateways configured with
the same GLBP group number on connected Ethernet interfaces.
vIP—virtual IP address. An IPv4 address. There must be only one virtual IP address for each configured
GLBP group. The virtual IP address must be configured on at least one GLBP group member. Other
GLBP group members can learn the virtual IP address from hello messages.
Note Refer to the Internetworking Terms and Acronyms for terms not included in this glossary.

42

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GLBP - Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Feature Specifications for the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Prerequisites for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Information About Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

GLBP Active Virtual Gateway

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Figure 1 GLBP Topology

WAN Link1 WAN Link2

AVG = active virtual gateway

GLBP Virtual MAC Address Assignment

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

GLBP Virtual Gateway Redundancy

GLBP Virtual Forwarder Redundancy

GLBP Gateway Priority

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

GLBP Gateway Weighting and Tracking

Multiple Virtual Routers

How to Configure Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

GLBP Customizing Behavior

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Command or Action Purpose

Configuring GLBP Weighting Values and Object Tracking

GLBP Weighting Configuration Behavior

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Enabling and Verifying GLBP

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Command or Action Purpose

Sample Output for the show glbp Command

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Troubleshooting Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Command or Action Purpose

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Command or Action Purpose

Configuration Examples for Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Customizing GLBP Configuration Example

Configuring GLBP Weighting Example

Enabling GLBP Configuration Example

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

debug condition glbp

debug condition glbp interface-type interface-number group [forwarder]

no debug condition glbp type number group [forwarder]

Command Modes Privileged EXEC

Command History Release Modification

Related Commands Command Description

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(15)T

debug glbp errors

debug glbp errors

no debug glbp errors