Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila

College of Nursing Department

1st Semester A.Y. 2021 – 2022

Written Report: Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in relation to Health care of
Individual and Family, New Technologies related to Public HealthElectronic
Information, and Nursing Core Values as a Community Health Nurse

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

In Community Health Nursing I Lecture (NRS 2107-2)

PONCECA, Vincent Kian

PRILLA, Kiana Anthea Verzosa
PUNZALAN, Judelio Ferrer
RAMOS, Matthew Angelo Jareño
REGIS, Maia Katriona Mesina
SALDO, Daniel Joseph Hermanos
SANTIAGO, Karl Vincent Hernandez
SOLIDOR, Joaina Mei Flores
TRINIDAD, Romina Ramos
VIRAY, Nathalie Kate
YAMAMOTO, Mary Yuka Mangilit
YANGA, Ashley Nicole Lopez
ZAPANTA, Angeline Carpio

Group 5 (BSN 2-2)

Presented to:
Prof. Janet E. Lacsa
Prof. Francis S. Mercado

September 17, 2021

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 MODULE 9
Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in relation to Health Care of Individual and
Family
​
Introduction

Culture is a way of life that consists of diverse beliefs, customs, and practices. It is
constant, which can endure over time and is relinquished on to the subsequent generation.
Thus, it influences people's health in a unique approach where it can affect how people think
about illness and treatment, as well as it can impact their perspectives and beliefs about the
end of life. In relation to the community, families are considered to be the unit of care. It is
because families are designed in a way that acknowledges and appreciates the obligations and
stability of each member. Moreover, there are also emotional ties between family members.
With this being stated, families have a crucial role in maintaining the holistic health of each
member. Basically, a family is paramount in sustaining and improving health.

In the delivery of healthcare, the family is a valuable resource. All resolutions

concerning whether to solicit aid and to carry out the prescribed medication regimens are
resolved within the family. When a family member is suffering and dependent, the family is
frequently the fundamental caregiver. If one member of the family's health declines, the entire
family may be required to improve and adjust their lifestyle. In order to track the onset and
prevalence of illness, family and personal connections are necessary. Relationships within
families and other private companions are vital to community/public health nurses who strive
to prevent, track, and document illness processes. Family assessment is utilized to evaluate
requirements, determine healthcare priorities, discover cases, track and prevent the spread of
infectious diseases, educate for prevention, and organize treatment delivery to particular and
big groups.

The formation of many values is vital to the socialization of an individual. Values can
either be personal, cultural, social, and even universal. Filipino values and traits vary
depending on how they are raised and nurtured in their respective homes, schools, and
environment. Filipinos are known for multiple things. In the Philippines, Filipinos regularly
treat foreigners and strangers as part of their families.The Philippines is one of the world's
most welcoming countries. It is due to the fact that Filipinos are very hospitable when it
comes to other people. It is a pleasure and honor for Filipinos to affirm immigrants as visitors
and establish positive and definite connections and friendships with them.

A mix of Spanish, American, Japanese, Arabic and Indonesian culture constitute

major determinants that influence the Philippines’ culture; aside from its very own
pre-colonial customs which our ancestors have long practiced. It can be considered as one of
the few countries which inhibit both Asian and western culture, as its history claims valid
facts on its colonization from Europe and America, followed by the Japanese.

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 The colonization that resulted in a distinctive combination of influences yielded an
entire complex, yet the stunning local culture that in its own ways, became Filipino (Ethnic
Groups Philippines, 2021). That said, not only did the western colonizers influence the
Philippines’ culture, they also became a huge part of the society’s take on religion and
education which up until now is vastly considered a huge part of what makes the Philippines
entirely a liberal, educated country.

Objective
1. Acknowledge various Filipino Cultures, practices, and values in relation to health
care.
2. Define Family Solidarity, distinguish the different Filipino Family Values, and
Filipino Family Culture and Tradition.
3. Distinguish How Filipino Family Values, Culture, and Tradition change through time
and pass throughout the generation.

Discussion

Family Solidarity
Intergenerational solidarity is a term that refers to the degree to which various
generations are connected and supported. The concept of solidarity enables us to comprehend
how individuals of all generations interact, assist, and rely on one another in their everyday
lives.
● Structural solidarity: This means how factors like geographical distance can
constrain or enhance interaction between family members.
● Associational solidarity: This dimension refers to the frequency of social contact and
shared activities between family members.
● Affectual solidarity: Solidarity can manifest itself in feelings of emotional closeness,
affirmation, and intimacy between family members, also known as affectual
solidarity.
● Consensual solidarity: Family members have different levels of actual or perceived
agreement in opinions, values, and lifestyles.
● Functional solidarity: Exchanges of practical and financial assistance and support
between family members are examples of functional solidarity.
● Normative solidarity: Normative solidarity refers to the strength of obligation felt
towards other family members.

Filipino Family Values

● Communication
○ Verbal
■ Indirect communication: In order to protect the dignity and eliciting
hiya on both sides of an exchange, Filipinos frequently communicate
indirectly. They tend to avoid other people and draw meaning from
posture, expression, and voice tone. To avoid being viewed as speaking
rudely, Filipinos may use the passive voice instead of the active voice.
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 ■ Communication style: To avoid appearing arrogant, Filipinos would
try to convey their opinions and ideas politely and with humility. The
tone of voice differs greatly depending on the language, dialect, and
region.
■ Refusals: Many Filipinos will be overly kind and rarely give a simple
"no" or negative answer in order to keep the peace and avoid hiya in
their conversations.
■ Respect: Filipinos apply polite forms of speech while conversing with
persons who are older or of high position. To show respect for
hierarchy, they will add "po" at the end of every sentence.
○ Non-Verbal
■ Physical contact: Filipinos typically walk hand in hand or arm in arm
with relatives or friends of the same gender. This is usually done as a
show of affection, friendship, or if they are shy and want to be
accompanied. In their interactions with their significant others,
Filipinos are modest and conservative, and public displays of affection
between couples are uncommon.
■ Personal space: When interacting with people they know, Filipinos
tend to keep an arm's length distance between them. This distance is
greater when engaging with strangers. Personal space is typically
limited in crowded places such as the market or the commuter rail, and
pushing is usual.
■ Laughter: Filipinos laugh a lot in conversations, yet the meaning of
laughter varies depending on the circumstance. Laughter can imply
happiness at times, and it can also be used to relieve tension at other
times. Laughter can be used to cover up embarrassment in some
situations.
■ Pointing: Filipinos also identify objects by puckering their lips and
moving their mouths in the direction of the object.
■ Gestures: Anger is conveyed by placing one's hands on one's hips.
■ Beckoning: Waving fingers towards oneself and gesturing with the
hand facing downwards is a typical approach to beckon someone. It is
usual for a Filipino to say "pssst" when they want someone's attention.

● Helping others
○ In general, “pakikisama” or helping others usually cultivates broad
cooperation, performing helpful and good deeds, leading to others observing
you in a favorable light. As Filipinos, when their neighbors are in trouble, they
will accommodate them in whatever they can. They also do not leave their
family members to go through difficult circumstances alone. Instead, they
support and encourage each other.
○ Helping others means getting along with other people in general. Assisting
others or “pakikisama” is one of the values of Filipinos, where people yearn
to be accepted, affirmed, and loved among other Filipinos. It is also the trait of
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 the Filipinos to deliver what they can contribute to other people without
expecting anything in return. In relation to health care, especially to nurses,
nurses have the character of being compassionate to their clients. They provide
holistic care to their patients and expect nothing in return. It is due to the fact
that nurses have the passion for their jobs and compassion for people that
enables them to provide care to other people along with their hearts.

● Gratitude (Utang na Loob)

○ This trait manifests a sense of duty and responsibility. Filipinos acknowledge
how to repay other people. When someone helps us, we return the favors with
decency and virtue.

● Respect (Paggalang)
○ When a Filipino child meets an older family member, the youth customarily
greet them with a gesture called mano po.
○ Filipinos are accustomed to using the words “po,” “opo”, and “ho” when they
are conversing with older people or, sometimes, with those who are in a high
role or prestigious member of the society.
○ Kissing the hands of the elderly before leaving/to say goodbye and upon
arrival to greet them.
○ The younger members of the family can show respect towards older siblings
by calling kuya to older brothers and ate for older sisters (Germiniano, 2015).​​
○ Filipino older adults tend to cope with illness with the help of family and
friends and by faith in God.

● Independence
○ There is an estimated number of 2.2 million overseas Filipino workers abroad.
The independence of individuals shows when they work in places far from the
people they depend on.
○ In relation to Health
■ Filipino older adults tend to manage their illness by self-monitoring
symptoms, ascertaining possible causes, determining the severity and
threat to functional capacity, and considering the financial and
emotional burden to the family.
■ Filipinos tend to utilize some home remedies such as alternative or
complementary means of treatment.
Coping Styles
o Patience and Endurance (Tiyaga)
o Flexibility (Lakas ng Loob)
o Humor (Tawanan ang problema)
o Fatalistic Resignation (Bahala na)
o Conceding to the wishes of the collective (Pakikisama)

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 ● Service
○ As family-oriented individuals, Filipino children give back their service to
their families by performing responsibilities that would benefit their families
as well as taking good care of their parents when they reach old age.
○ One characteristic or value of Filipinos has to be hospitable. As a Filipino,
when there are visitors at home, they will do many preparations for good
entertainment and accommodation in order for their guests to feel welcomed,
appreciated and will enjoy the stay.
○ Filipino workers worldwide are acknowledged for their commitment,
perseverance, and determination in administering their duties. These qualities
show the commendable service of Filipino people towards others.
■ Overseas Filipino Workers, especially Filipino doctors, nurses,
caregivers, and nannies, are recognized for their genuine care and
concern for their patients or the people they work for.
■ In relation to health care, especially for nurses, nurses have the ability
and capability to provide holistic service to their patients. One
responsibility of a nurse is to provide assistance to the individual,
family, and community.

● Trust
○ Filipinos are family-oriented people. The significance of trust among their
families is preserved because of this. Husbands and wives have absolute
confidence and total trust in one another when it comes to managing home
finances. When it comes to sharing their issues, family members have trust in
one another. In a family, trust is essential since it develops the cornerstone of
any relationship.

Filipino Family Culture and Tradition

● Culture
Religion
● Older Filipinos have an old and generational habit of coping with an illness
through consulting with their religious leader, as they believe that true healing
lies within faith in the deity that they worship.
● In modern and changing times, however, relying on medical practitioners and
giving them credit for their health and wellbeing is what the younger
generation does, as they believe that science is a good foundation as to how a
person can find solutions to certain health complications.
Superstition
● The modern-day Filipinos are widely known for being superstitious people,
especially in Northern Luzon and remote areas of Visayas. The following are
common health-related situations that Filipinos practice avoiding injury or
remedy existing ailments:
○ Menarche facial mask

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 ■ The first occurrence of a young lady’s menstruation is marked
as the girl’s transition to womanhood. In superstition, this
includes practices such as wiping the period blood all over the
girl’s face to avoid acne in her teenage years.
○ Contact with frog urine
■ It has been known that contact with frog urine causes warts.
However, this has not been scientifically proven. On the
contrary, the primary cause of warts is a person’s contact with
human papillomavirus (HPV) which can produce an excess
amount of keratin (NHS Inform, 2020).
○ Stepping over a maiden
■ It is avoided amongst conservative families as it is feared that
stepping over a maiden as she is lying down could cause her to
become pregnant early.
○ Sleeping with wet hair
■ Sleeping with wet hair is primarily avoided by the older
generations, as they believe that it can cause blindness or even
insanity.
○ Avoidance of washing sweaty hands
■ It has been a precaution not to wash sweaty hands as it can lead
to spasmodic hands or pasma.
Music, Dance, Literature and Arts
● In the Philippines, National Artists are celebrated in different fields of art and
how it influences modern-day artists in creating. A health correlation between
art and science is that it is agreed that there is a major impact on the
betterment of a person’s mental health. At younger ages, art can also help
develop a child’s cognitive, motor, and spatial skills.
Cuisine
● Rice is the major commodity that creates a blank canvas for different-flavored
meals in Filipino dishes. A common implication of this is the existence of
countless restaurants that offer unli rice. As healthy as consuming fish and
vegetables can be, considering that the Philippines is surrounded by waters
and land agriculture, an excessive amount of rice can lead to health issues such
as diabetes, obesity, and heart disease. Not to mention the different foods that
the Philippines is known for which are high in cholesterol, such as balut,
chicharron, and Lechon.
Sports
● In younger generations, basketball is commonly played by adolescent males to
develop team sports. The existence of basketball courts in nearly most
barangays of the Philippines makes it more accessible, thus, the living practice
of the sport.
● Martial arts is vastly known and practiced in the Philippines, as it is also
taught in many universities as a requisite for physical education. An example
of this is Arnis, the Philippine national sport. It results in various health
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 benefits such as muscle tone, mental alertness, reflex, mobility, and
cardiovascular health.
● Tradition
○ An individual's tradition is a factor that must be considered in providing care.
The majority of the population of the Philippines are bonded together by
similar values and traits which were first taught at home.
○ In a Filipino household, the majority of the population is known to be
family-oriented. They put each member in high regard and importance before
anything else. These include the overall health and welfare of a member due to
the family’s nature of having strong and close ties.
○ In relation to healthcare, during the era of colonization, it played an important
part in influencing the evolution of cultures and traditions. As evident in
modern times; In an urban setting, the practice of medicine is often influenced
by western and eastern interventions and practices, while rural areas which
were often disconnected from the rest of society has little to no access to new
technology and information resulted in a more traditional way which includes
home remedies, supernatural ailments, and traditional healing techniques.
○ Traditionally, self-medication is often practiced in order to cure minor
symptoms and also to improve an individual's overall wellness. These include
variations of oils and ointments that provide different treatments that help
mitigate muscle pain, dizziness, fatigue, sore throats, etc. But in a more severe
case of illnesses, it typically warrants the help of local healers which are
people who are presumed to have a gift of God. These healers demonstrate
techniques that are unorthodox in western practices which includes the use of
roots and herbs as a natural way of providing treatment.

○ Types of Healers throughout the Philippines include:

■ Midwives
■ Masseurs
■ Specialists for supernaturally caused ailments (widely known examples
are albularyos/folk healers)

○ The Philippines is considered to be the “world’s faith healing center” tons of

variation of practices is evident which includes:
■ traditional oils and ointments
■ Faith healing techniques (blessing the body with holy water, laying on
of the hands, and anointing oils) which are enhanced by ritualized
prayers, chanting, and an atmosphere that reinforces the individual’s
faith (Montepio, 1986/1987).
■ Psychic surgery involves painless insertion of the healer's fingers in the
body (this method attracted international attention which was then
investigated by western scientists and found evidence of fakery and in
some miraculous cases they witness remarkable feats of healing
(Harper and Fullerton, 1994).
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 ○ In relation to modern western practices which are traditionally practiced in a
hospital setting, healthcare practitioners must be able to associate themselves
with their patient’s local healers (if they have one) since their indigenous
practices often complement modern health practitioners because they also
provide benefits for the patient such as overall emotional, spiritual, and
psychological well being which is tantamount to the individual’s healing
process.

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References

C. (2014, March 16). Health Beliefs and Behaviors: Health Behaviors. Geriatrics.

https://geriatrics.stanford.edu/ethnomed/filipino/fund/health_beliefs/health_behaviors.

html

Davis, B. (2021, March 22). What are the 10 good traditional Filipino values? –

Mvorganizing.org. Mvorganizing.Org.

https://www.mvorganizing.org/what-are-the-10-good-traditional-filipino-values/

Ethnic Groups Philippines. (2021). Foreign influences on Filipino culture. Retrieved

from http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/2016/05/30/foreign-influences-on-

filipino-culture/

Filipino Hospitality and Respect for the Aged. (2020, May 30). Nippon.com.

https://www.nippon.com/en/features/c02810/

Geminiano, G. A. E. (2021, July 11). Filipino Family Values. WeHaveKids.

https://wehavekids.com/parenting/Filipino-Family-Values

Goyala, J. E. P. (2019, January 15). Traditional Filipino Family Values that make us Distinct

among Others. Medium.

https://medium.com/@janeellapangoyala/traditional-filipino-family-values-that-make-

us-distinct-among-others-7a439fdfd28a

Health Beliefs and Behaviors: Health Behaviors. (2014, March 16). Geriatrics.

https://geriatrics.stanford.edu/ethnomed/filipino/fund/health_beliefs/health_behaiors.h

tml

Makati Medical Center. (2019). Do you believe in these pinoy health superstitions?

https://www.makatimed.net.ph/news-and-exhibits/news/do-you-believe-in-these-pino

y-health-superstitions

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Yamamoto, Yanga, Zapanta
NHS Inform. (2020). Warts and verrucas. Retrieved from https://www.nhsinform

.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/skin-hair-and-nails/warts-and-verrucas

Themes, U. (2016, July 24). A Family Perspective in Community/Public Health Nursing.

Nurse Key.

https://nursekey.com/a-family-perspective-in-communitypublic-health-nursing/

World Youth Alliance. (n.d.). Hospitality- A Trademark of Filipinos. WYA. Retrieved

September 16, 2021, from

https://www.wya.net/op-ed/hospitality-a-trademark-of-filipinos/

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 MODULE 10
New Technologies Related to Public Health Electronic Information

Introduction
Information and communications technology is a diverse set of technological tools
and resources used to communicate and to create, disseminate, store, and manage
information. With that said, it has a big potential in playing a critical role in improving health
care for individuals and communities. eHealth is defined by the World Health Organization as
the use of information and communication technology for health purposes. It aids in the
efficient and successful delivery of health services as well as the administration of health
systems. eHealth is also defined as a method of ensuring that "the right health information is
supplied to the right person at the right time in a secure, electronic form to improve the
quality and efficiency of health care delivery, research, education, and knowledge."

In the Philippines, the use of eHealth has progressed steadily and has delivered
significant benefits to both individual and public health. ICT has been used to improve the
speed and accuracy of health reporting in order to facilitate disease and injury monitoring and
surveillance, among other things. Extensive capabilities of eHealth include (1)
communicating with a patient through a teleconference, electronic mail (email), short
message service, (2) providing patient teaching with aid of electronic tools such as radio,
television, computers, smartphones, and tablets, and (3) recording, retrieving, and mining
data in an electronic medical record. (Farmoca et al., 2013)

Despite the benefits promised by proponents of eHealth, questions have been

expressed about the system's introduction and implementation in the Philippines. The
country's evolving data privacy and cybersecurity legal framework, combined with
inadequate IT capabilities and a diverse geographic environment, makes implementing an
eHealth system challenging. eHealth programs are often considered to be expensive,
time-consuming, risky, and otherwise distracting from the primary focus and intent of health
sector programs. These criticisms may be valid in some situations. There are, however, a
variety of low-cost and long-term ICT for health program components that can help augment
capacity and increase overall program performance. HealthConnect International specializes
in assisting with these types of projects.

Objective
1. Define eHealth and its application.
2. Comprehend the value of eHealth in public health.
3. Identify advantages and disadvantages of eHealth.
4. Enumerate useful local government, nursing, and health care sites.

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Discussion
Government sites
● Health information systems for the improvement of access to health data introduced
by DOH:
1. Electronic Field Health Service Information System
● Philippines Field Health Services Information System’s (FHSIS) Annual
Report gives records on select notifiable diseases, major causes of mortality
rates, births, immunization, dental health care, family planning methods,
maternal and child nutrition, and health facilities, as well as data on health
care personnel and health care facilities. (GhDx, n.d.)
● Data are given in tables organized by area, province, and city, with certain
conditions, further subdivided by gender and/or age.

2. Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance

● According to the Department of Health's Online National Electronic Injury
Surveillance System (ONEISS), all state and private hospitals and facilities are
obligated to report injuries that have been managed by their institution to the
system.
● There are 2,175 government and private hospitals/infirmaries in the nation.
ONEISS training is available at 1,772 hospitals and infirmaries, accounting for
81.5 percent of the total.
● Injury monitoring or injury surveillance is very important because it lays the
foundation for injury control initiatives. In its simplest form, injury prevention
and control represents a reduction in the incidence and/or prevalence of an
injury.
● Injury monitoring/injury surveillance is critical because it serves as the
cornerstone for injury management programs. Injury management and
prevention, in its most basic sense, refers to lowering the occurrence of an
injury.

3. Philippine Health Atlas

● A registry platform with the goal of increasing the value and effect of digital
health investments, improving coordination, and facilitating
institutionalization and scale.
● It provides consumers with the knowledge they need to better the planning,
coordination, and usage of health-related digital health information systems.

4. Unified Health Management Information System

● A 2012-launched Unified Health Management Information System (UHMIS)
attempts to unify data collection, analysis, monitoring, and utilization of health
information. UHMIS serves as a gateway to the majority of data and
information systems and offers database access and is the first DOH Central
Database Warehouse.
● Some information includes:
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 ○ National Health Data Dictionary,
○ National Electronic Injury Surveillance System,
○ Kontra-Paputok Reporting System Philippine Network for Injury Data
Management System,
○ Public Assistance Information System Electronic Essential
Drug Price Monitoring System Integrated Drug Test Operations and
Management, etc.
● To better fulfill its goals, UHMIS as an initial data warehouse must be
enhanced and coordinated with other systems.

● Five innovations that are making a difference in local healthcare delivery. (Philippine
National Health Research System, 2017)
1. Axis Knee System
● Every year, only around 1,000 total knee replacements are performed, while
there should be over 70,000. Due to its complexity, TKR can only be
performed by a small number of surgeons who have completed at least a year's
worth of specialty training.
● Axis Knee lead developers Dr. Ramon Gustilo, Dr. Rupesh Man Sherchan, and
Dr. Arlan Troncillo wrote the article entitled “Clinical Evaluation of the
Mechanical Axis Finder (MAF) by Radiologic Scanogram of 100 Consecutive
Axis Total Knee Replacements.” It was funded by the Department of Science
and Technology-Philippine Council on Health Research and Development and
was published in the Orthopedic Research Online Journal.
● One of the first patients to use the Axis Knee System was Nanay Editha de
Guzman. She had been suffering from knee arthritis for nearly seven years
before using the Axis Knee System. Her mobility was severely limited, and
she was in severe pain as a result. Originally from the Philippines, she was in
Canada and had to return to the Philippines for knee replacement surgery. The
expense, on the other hand, was enormous. Axis Knee Replacement has given
her back her former life with improved mobility and she says her knee feels
normal, like there isn't any metal in it, thanks to the Axis Knee Replacement.
● Its patented instrumentation and surgical technique allow even the general
orthopedic surgeon to perform the procedure accurately without the use of an
x-ray, after completing a training workshop that only lasts for five days.
● Its unique instrumentation and surgical approach enable even general
orthopedic surgeons to conduct the surgery properly without the need for an
x-ray after finishing a five-day training session.
● These instruments aid the surgeon in making the correct incisions in the bone,
making sure that the knee implants would fit the bone while maintaining the
alignment with regard to the mechanical axis.
● The mechanical axis is the correct alignment of the knee to the femoral head
(the highest portion of the thigh bone) when the knee is moved into different
postures.

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 ● In order to enhance the implant's functioning and durability, the Mechanical
Axis Finder is utilized to find the correct mechanical axis of the knee.
● By this, the Axis Knee System aims to obtain an optimal position for all
implants with respect to their mechanical axis, which is the line from the
center of the hip joint to the center of the knee to the center of the ankle.
● The Mechanical Axis Finder is used to locate the proper mechanical axis of
the knee which improves functionality and durability of the implant for
optimal use of the patient.
2. RxBox
● RxBox is a telemedicine device that has the goal of making huge strides in the
Philippines ’ community healthcare.
● An electronic medical record and diagnostic equipment are part of the RxBox
project, which seeks to provide rural health units in Geographically Isolated
and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDAs) with a medical device that may be used for
diagnostic processes as well as an electronic medical record.
● Included in the included RxBox Telehealth Device:
■ Cardiotocography (CTG)
■ Fetal Heart Rate Monitor
■ Electrocardiogram (ECG)
■ Blood Pressure Monitor
■ Pulse Oximeter
■ Temperature sensor.

● A reduction in child mortality (MDG 4) as well as improvements in maternal

health; and the detection of non-communicable illnesses in Filipinos should
result as a result of the presence of these technologies within the community.
● In Northern Mindanao, sixty-five (65) RxBox Telehealth devices would be
supplied at chosen RHU sites (Region 10).

3. eHatid
● Local government units (LGUs) can make informed choices on health issues
with the aid of an electronic health information support system, the eHATID
LGU project (eHealth TABLET)
● Using an Electronic Medical Record (EMR), it provides LGUs with health
information and decision-making assistance and creates specific health reports
for the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) and the
Department of Health (DOH).
● Its goal is to increase efficiency and transparency among stakeholders by
implementing an improved health information system (HIS) paradigm that
supports health information convergence and informed decision-making.
● EHATID LGU Application is the primary product of the program. It is a
mobile android software program. An electronic medical record (EMR)
system that could work without Internet access is its major feature. For its
users, it will also be a useful tool for analyzing health conditions in a local
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 region. It will also be a useful tool for integrating with other government
entities, both inside the LGU itself and between the RHUs and other state
agencies.
● As part of the Department of Science and Technology's Advanced Science and
Technology Institute's (DOST ASTI) government cloud services, all eHATID
LGU data is synced to a central database. According to rules and mandates for
data protection and privacy, rigorous security measures are also in place.

4. Biotek-M
● Mosquitoes that transmit dengue, Aedes aegypti, are commonly found in all
areas of the Philippines.
● Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests for dengue-infected people cost
P7,000-8,000, making them unaffordable for the disadvantaged sector, which
is particularly susceptible to dengue illness. Also, with this test, at least 24
hours must pass before findings are known.
● In the first 0-5 days of sickness, Biotek M, a diagnostic kit, functions as a
confirmatory test for diagnosis of dengue infection, and results are available
within an hour.
● By reducing the number of dengue-infected patients admitted to hospitals or
clinics with limited laboratory capabilities, Biotek M can help save both
hospital and patient resources.
● This test is as effective as the currently available PCR technique for dengue
detection, but it is less expensive.

5. OL Trap
● The OL Traps or OvicidalLarvicidal Traps are the dengue preventive kits
offered by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST).
● It has three main components which include a black container, a small strip of
lawanit, and a larvicide solution.
● Moisturized by solution through capillary action, mosquitoes are drawn to the
stick. As a result of the solution's smell, mosquitoes deposit their eggs on both
the stick and solution. Upon exposure to the solution, eggs and larvae die.
● Although the adult mosquitoes are trapped, they are not killed. Its larvicidal
effect prevents mosquitoes from maturing into adults, therefore reducing the
number of Aedes mosquitoes.
● To make it easier to use, the Ol trap is designed with safety in mind. It is free
of hazardous chemicals and toxins. It is also cheaper than other mosquito
control products.

Nursing and Health Care Sites

● The use of ICT for health care has revolutionized the industry. These technological
breakthroughs have generated widespread innovation in the health sector across all
disciplines. In nursing, the utilization of ICT has the ability to promote
patient-centered healthcare at a reduced cost, increase the quality of care and
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 information sharing, educate health care workers and patients, stimulate a new type of
interaction between health providers and patients, and can minimize travel time
(Rouleau et al., 2015).
● The healthcare system relies greatly on precise data recording. That is why our
paper-based methods may pose problems in terms of healthcare interoperability, data
backup, and fast data access.
● Issues that may arise are the following:
1. In the unusual event that the record is misplaced, care continuity and
interoperability are compromised.
2. Data might be misinterpreted due to illegible handwriting.
3. The privacy of patients is jeopardized.
4. Data accumulation is challenging.
5. The amount of time available for patient care is limited.

Electronic Health Records (EHRs)

● This is where healthcare informatics gets in the picture. Having a systematic way of
acquiring and organizing patient’s data through the information system, healthcare
workers will have electronic access to medical records should the need arise.
Electronic Health Records (EHRs) offer improved continuity of care for patients and
better outcomes by ensuring that nurses are caring for patients based on a holistic
picture of their past and current health.
● In comparison to our paper-based methods, having electronic health records (EHRs)
has a lot of benefits:
1. Data may easily be mapped, allowing for more precise interventions and
feedback.
2. Data may be retrieved and restored quickly.
3. Data redundancy is kept to a minimum.
4. Clinical research data is becoming more readily available.
5. Resources are well used.
● EHRs enable doctors to organize patient care and assure accuracy in our digitally
linked world, but they also empower patients to be their own advocates. They may get
any information they need regarding their medical history right now. Patient portals
are available in many clinics and hospitals, allowing patients to view their data and
test results, as well as connect with their primary care physician.

Telemedicine
● This deals with patient-physician virtual communication. Doctors may view and treat
patients through video conferencing, reducing the need for patients to go to a doctor’s
office or clinic. WHO defines telemedicine as, “the delivery of health care services,
where distance is a critical factor, by all health care professionals using information
and communications technologies for the exchange of valid information for the
diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease and injuries, research and evaluation
and for the continuing education of the health care providers, all in the interests of
advancing the health of individuals and their communities”.
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 ● In telemedicine, nurses have a variety of responsibilities. They might utilize
telemedicine to communicate with the doctor remotely while caring for a patient in
the community. This also allows information to be shared from the patient's home,
allowing for early notification of important concerns.
● Nurses' duties continue to grow as healthcare develops. Nurses are recognized for
their adaptability and creativity, and those who have finished online school are no
strangers to adjusting to new technologies. Telemedicine has the potential to provide
patients with new possibilities and advantages while also allowing nurses to be at the
forefront of providing cutting-edge, high-quality care.

e-Learning
● The use of electronic technologies to assist in teaching is known as eLearning. It can
also be used to educate other health care providers. The efficiency of nursing
education in the Philippines has a significant impact on healthcare and other areas.
With a population of 90 million people, the quality of nursing in hospitals, clinics, and
mobile healthcare teams affects everyone. Nurses provide health education to
individuals and families through ICT tools.
● For both health and wealth, the citizens of the Philippines depend on the quality of the
nursing force. The inclusion of informatics in nursing curricula is considered critical
to enhancing the quality of nursing education provided by schools. That is why there
is a need to deploy ICT solutions to improve educational outcomes.

Cloud Computing

● Cloud computing provides the distribution and access to computer services and
resources, such as development platforms, databases, and analytics, through the
internet. In the subject of health care, cloud computing offers a wide range of
applications. Its ability to store large amounts of data might save healthcare
companies money.
● In times of catastrophe, real-time information sharing can also contribute to improved
communication. Furthermore, online patient monitoring and doctor communication
can help patients receive better treatment.
● Access to huge volumes of medical data and patient electronic health records is
essential for health informatics (EHRs). Cloud computing enables secure and
cost-effective data storage as well as mobile access to health informatics experts.

Other New Technologies Related to Public Health Electronic Information in Nursing

and Healthcare Sites
RxBox
● As previously explained, the RxBox multi-component program (biomedical device,
electronic medical record system, and telemedicine training) aims to improve access
to life-saving health care in rural and underserved regions across the country.

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 ● Thanks to medical sensors inside the RxBox, health care workers can diagnose,
monitor, and treat patients within the rural health facility, lowering total healthcare
costs!

WAH (Wireless Access For Health)

● Inequity in health status and access to health care services is one of the most serious
issues confronting millions of impoverished families in the Philippines. Patients face
long wait times, health professionals struggle to keep track of patients' medical
histories, and health workers spend hours manually entering and reporting data, a
time-consuming process that frequently results in incorrect data.
● In 2009, RTI teamed up with Qualcomm Wireless Reach and a group of local partners
to launch a pilot project in the rural province of Tarlac to address these long-standing
issues and use the promise of health information technologies to improve access and
care for poor Filipino communities throughout the province.
● Wireless Access for Health (WAH) was an initiative that provided crucial
technological support to RHUs in Tarlac to help them enhance their operations and
care quality. The WAH program, a groundbreaking public-private partnership,
provides RHUs with low-cost, locally developed, and maintained electronic health
records, as well as mHealth tools, training, and support.
● WAH's platform, developed by RTI, includes an electronic health records (EHR)
system that is compatible with all major health programs, a mobile app called
EHR-Lite for tracking patient care outside of the main health clinic, and SMS patient
alerts to improve follow-up and use of preventative services like prenatal care and
immunizations.
● The platform enables health claims to be reported to PhilHealth, the country's national
health insurance program, as well as the Department of Health's Field Health Service
Information System, easing the load on health workers and increasing the timeliness
and quality of health data.

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References

5 emerging technologies and their impact on HEALTH Informatics: Uic. (2021, July 22).

https://healthinformatics.uic.edu/blog/5-emerging-technologies-and-their-impact-on-h

ealth-informatics/

Biotek M: Dengue Detection Kit. PCHRD Website. (n.d.).

https://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/index.php/programs-and-services/create-article/6375-b
iotek-m-dengue-detection-kit.

DOH. (2020). Online National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (ONEISS)

Factsheet.

DOH. (n.d.). INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRATEGIC PLAN for the Period 2015 -
2017.

DOST-PCHRD. (n.d.). Axis knee System: Confidence in every step. PCHRD

Website.https://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/index.php/programs-and-services/create-articl
e/6349-axis-knee-system-confidence-in-every-step.

DOST-PCHRD. (n.d.). Axis knee system offers High-quality knee replacement AT

50%-100% cost lower than its commercial counterparts. PCHRD Website.
https://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/news/6569-axis-knee-system-offers-high-quality-knee-
replacement-at-50-100-cost-lower-than-its-commercial-counterparts.

DOST. (n.d.). Home. Roll-out of 1000 RxBox Telehealth Device in Selected Rural
Health Centers in the Philippines.
https://region10.dost.gov.ph/101-roll-out-of-1000-rxbox-telehealth-device-in-selected
-rural-health-centers-in-the-philippines.

DOST. (n.d.). Locally developed knee surgical technique puts patient back to life
mode. Locally developed knee surgical technique puts patients back to LIFE mode.

eHATID lgu. eHATID LGU. (n.d.). http://ehatid.ehealth.ph/.

Farmoca, Nies, & McEwan. (2013). Nursing Care of the Community: A Comprehensive Text

on Community and Public Health Nursing in the Philippines (1st ed.). Elsevier.

ICT for Health | HealthConnect International. (2020). Healthconnect-Intl.org.

http://www.healthconnect-intl.org/ictforh.html

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Melissa Barrientos (2020, December 9). Innovations in the Philippines for health.
The Borgen Project.
https://borgenproject.org/innovations-in-the-philippines-in-health/.

Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal (ol) trap. Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal (OL) Trap. (n.d.).

https://region12.dost.gov.ph/index.php/program-and-services/s-t-services/27-high-imp
act-technology-solutions/53-mosquito-ovicidal-larvicidal-ol-trap.

PhD, J., Director of Health Care and Nursing Informatics and Health Systems Leadership, »,

R., & Dr. Mack earned his R.N. Diploma in 1983 from Los Angeles County Medical

Center. (2020, June 18). 10 ways health informatics & technology are shaping the

future of healthcare.

https://onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/8-technologies-changing-healthcare/

Philippine eHealth Strategic and Framework Plan. (2013). Retrieved from

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Philippines field health Services information SYSTEM (fhsis) annual Report 2018.
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-fhsis-annual-report-2018.

Philippines: Developing an eHealth infrastructure. (2019, December 3). DataGuidance.

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Philippines wireless access for health. (2020, October 29).

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RxBox. (n.d.). https://rxbox.chits.ph/

The role of nurses in telemedicine. (2018, September 18).

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 MODULE 11
Nursing Core Values as a Community Health Nurse

Introduction

Community Health Nursing is the totality of its philosophy and beliefs, principles,
processes, and standards which are practiced within a specific economic, political,
socio-cultural, and environmental context. CHN depends and varies from different
geographic areas which are affected by different laws, policies, and ethical values that every
community health nurse should follow.

In the Philippine Health care delivery system, the practice of community health nursing is
guided by a number of legal and ethical principles that center on the welfare of clients and
protection of their rights as defined by different professional associations, the laws, and the
government

Primarily, the Department of Health (DOH) has three major roles in the health sector: (1)
leadership in health; (2) enabler and capacity builder; and (3) administrator of specific
services. Its mandate is to develop national plans, technical standards, and guidelines on
health. Aside from being the regulator of all health services and products, the DOH is the
provider of special tertiary health care services and technical assistance to health providers
and stakeholders.

Objective
1. To know and apply the different core values as the nurse in the community setting.
2. Demonstrate caring as the core of nursing in the community.
3. Manifest the core values as the foundation to give essential care to patients in the
community.
4. Manifest professionalism, integrity, and excellence.
5. Project the positive professional image of a Filipino nurse.
6. Build an entrepreneurial mindset.
7. Develop a health-related entrepreneurial activity in a community setting.

Discussion
Nursing Core Values as a Community Health Nurse
1. Caring
● Nursing is a caring profession.
● Caring encompasses empathy for and connection with people.
● Caring is best demonstrated by a nurse's ability to embody the five core values
of professional nursing. (Nancy L Fahrenwald et al. J Prof Nurs. Jan-Feb
2005.)
● A culture of caring, as a fundamental part of the nursing profession, yields in
promoting health, healing, and hope in response to the human condition

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 ● Community Health Nurses provide heartfelt care towards their patients
through these 3Ls: (1) love of God, (2) love of our country and (3) love of
people.
● Characterizes our concern and consideration for the (1) whole person, our
commitment to the (2) common good, and our outreach to those who are (3)
vulnerable.
● All organizational activities are managed in a participative and
person-centered way, demonstrating an ability to understand the needs of
others and a commitment to always act in the best interests of all stakeholders.

The top ten caring behaviors, derived from nursing literature are:
1. attentive listening
2. comforting
3. honesty
4. patience
5. responsibility
6. providing information so the patient can make an informed decision
7. touch
8. sensitivity
9. respect
10. calling the patient by name
Reference: According to Taber’s 1993.

2. Integrity
● It is the responsibility of every Community Health nurse to respect the
dignity and moral wholeness of every person without conditions or
limitations.
● A culture of integrity is evident when organizational principles of open
communication, ethical decision-making, and humility are encouraged,
expected, and demonstrated consistently.
● Not only is doing the right thing simply how we do business, but our actions
reveal our commitment to truth-telling and to how we always see ourselves
from the perspective of others in a larger community.
● Having a high degree of integrity, in the nursing profession, and in day-to-day
life, is the ability to know, in your very fiber, that you’ve done right by
everyone concerned.
● The patients see who you are and count on you to do the right thing, as it
pertains to their care and comfort.
■ This kind of trust relationship is what makes a successful nurse
■ a nurse who possesses integrity among her core character traits, is well
suited for success in patient care.
■ Example in the nursing profession:
● Integrity is shown by the medical assistant checking in with the
patient letting them know the physician is running behind, and
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 assuring the patient the physician will be with them as soon as
possible."

3. Diversity
● Respect and appreciate differences in age, gender, ethnicity, education,
physical abilities, race, and religion among individuals.
● A culture of inclusive excellence encompasses many identities, influenced by
the intersections of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic
status, age, physical abilities, religious and political beliefs, or other
ideologies.
● It also addresses behaviors across academic and health enterprises.
● Differences affect innovation so we must work to understand both ourselves
and one another.
● And by acknowledging the legitimacy of us all, we move beyond tolerance to
celebrating the richness that differences bring forth.
● Diversity has the power to make your organization more effective, more
successful, and more profitable. (Lomax et al., 2019)

4. Excellence
● According to Vince Lombardi, “A person’s quality of life is in direct
proportion to a person’s commitment to excellence, regardless of what field
they may be in.”
● A culture of excellence reflects a commitment (the state or quality of being
dedicated to a cause, activity, etc) to continuous growth, improvement, and
understanding.
● It is a culture where transformation is embraced, and the status quo (the
current situation, ) and mediocrity (the quality of something that is not very
good) is not tolerated.

Core Values of a Community Health Nurse (CHN): Based on DOH

1. Integrity
● The DOH believes in upholding truth and pursuing honesty, accountability,
and consistency in performing its functions
2. Excellence
● The DOH continuously strive for the best by fostering innovation,
effectiveness and efficiency, pro-action, dynamism, and openness to change
3. Compassion and Respect for Human Dignity
● Whilst DOH upholds the quality of life, respect for human dignity is
encouraged by working w/ sympathy and benevolence for the people in need
4. Commitment
● According to Oxford Dictionary, commitment is the state or quality of being
dedicated to a cause, activity, etc.

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 ● With all our hearts and minds, the Department commits to achieve its vision
for the health and development of future generations
5. Professionalism
● The DOH performs its functions in accordance with the highest ethical
standards, principles of accountability, and full responsibility
● The conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a
professional person
6. Teamwork
● The DOH employees work together w/ a result-oriented mindset
● People will try to cooperate, using their individual skills and providing
constructive feedback, despite any personal conflict between individuals.”
Teamwork is selfless. It focuses on the end goal
7. Stewardship of the Health of the people
● Being stewards(one who actively directs affairs, Merriam and Webster, 2021)
of health for the people, the Department shall pursue sustainable development
and care for the environment since it impinges on the health of the Filipinos

Responsibility of a Community Health Nurse

CHNs should:
1. Uphold ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence/nonmaleficence, justice,
fidelity, and veracity
2. At all times respect their clients’ rights such as the right to be informed about their
condition and treatment or any health intervention that needs to be done.
3. Ensure competence for the clients’ right to safe and quality care.
4. CHNs have a responsibility to update themselves on the latest developments in health
care and in community health nursing
5. Health workers, in general, should be guided by the principle “the greatest good for
the greatest number” and distributive justice.
6. CHNs do not only deliver needed health services, they also humanize the health care
delivery system as well

Health-Related Entrepreneurial Activities in the Community Setting

● Globally, countries that are in membership with the International Council of Nurses
(ICN) are developing innovative models of care that thrusts nurses into new roles and
responsibilities. These new models create changes in the boundaries of nursing
practice. Much interest has been generated in the development of Advanced Nursing
Practice (ANP) and nurse entrepreneurship which have different faces in varying
countries depending on the needs of the people (Lao-Nario, 2009).
● While there are countless business ideas for entrepreneurs, having a nursing license
opens up even more possibilities. As registered nurses have advantages over the
general population due to their skills, college education, credentials, and talents.

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 Starting a business can help alleviate nurse burnout and many experiences working
for large healthcare companies. A nursing study found nearly half of nurses are
considering leaving the profession for reasons including stress, feeling overworked,
being buried in paperwork, or a general lack of job satisfaction.

Table 1. Nurse Entrepreneur vs Nurse Intrapreneur

Nurse Entrepreneur Nurse Intrapreneur

● A proprietor of a business that offers ● A salaried nurse who develops,

nursing services of a direct care, promotes and delivers innovative
educational research, administrative health, nursing programs, or projects
or consultative nature. within a given health care setting.
● The nurse is accountable to the
client to whom the services are
offered.
● A nurse who uses his/her training,
knowledge, and medical expertise as
a nurse to create and develop their
own businesses within the healthcare
field through the use of creativity,
business systems, problem-solving,
and successful investing strategies.

● Nurse Entrepreneurship
○ Uses their professional nursing experience and education to start their own
line of business in the healthcare industry.
○ Businesses that are established by nurse entrepreneurs may include
medical-related products or home health services or may offer independent
nursing services, such as patient care, nursing education, home health, and/or
consulting services.
● Becoming a Nurse Entrepreneur
○ Aspiring nurse entrepreneurs may start their careers by completing the
following requirements such as getting their Associate’s Degree in Nursing or
Bachelor of Science in Nursing.
○ It is also possible to get a dual degree such as getting a Master’s of Science
and a Master of Business Administration.
○ Since nurse entrepreneurs work for themselves, various skills are required for
this position that is based on the nature of the individual’s business venture.
Though there are some skills that can be seen or observed such as:
■ ADN or BSN degree and valid RN license
■ Prior professional nursing experience within the relevant area of
specialty
■ Basic business skills and knowledge (e.g., accounting, marketing,
ability to manage staff)

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 ■ Good communication skills for interacting with customers, patients,
and employees
■ Ability to work independently and willing to take on personal financial
risk.
● Potential Health-Related Entrepreneurial Ventures
○ Financial
○ Technological
○ Employee Management
○ Customer Interactions
○ Organizational Relationships
○ Contextual Challenges
● Examples of Nursing Entrepreneurial Ideas/Activities
○ Concierge Nurse
■ A Concierge Nurse is a registered nurse (RN) that provides
personalized nursing care to clients in a variety of settings. The RN
might visit you at your home, hotel room, AirBnB, hospital room, or
may accompany you when you travel or when you visit your doctor or
other medical providers. The types of services provided are only
limited by the RN’s license and their individual area(s) of expertise.
■ A Concierge Nurse is an independently practicing professional RN
which means that they are not employed by a home care agency,
hospital, or physician’s office. Unlike most home health agencies,
Concierge RNs do not bill insurance companies or government health
plans so they are not limited by these plans when providing services to
the patient.

○ Legal Nurse Consultant

■ An LNC is a consultant that offers expert advice for legal cases. An
attorney might consult with a legal nurse consultant to better
understand the facts of their case or an LNC might be asked to analyze
testimony in a legal case to look for errors.
○ Nurse Health Coach
■ A nurse health coach is someone who helps people to assess their
health goals and creates a plan to achieve them. This type of work
takes a holistic look at a patient’s health and focuses not only on the
symptoms but also on the broader picture. As a nurse health coach,
consultation with doctor’s offices or hospitals might be done. More
often, nurse health coaches run their own practice and see patients on a
one-on-one basis.
○ Fitness Nurse
■ Becoming a fitness nurse involves working with clients to create a
personalized health plan that includes exercise, nutrition, and lifestyle
changes. This type of health care business is focused on preventing
disease instead of treating it. This new type of nursing might be just the
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 right way to combine skills with a passion and start a business —
especially if one is enthusiastic about fitness and exercise. Additional
certifications for nutrition and personal training specifically, will also
be helpful to best serve the clients.
○ Telehealth Consulting
■ Telehealth is becoming more and more popular within the medical
field — allowing patients to converse with nurses and doctors through
phone or video calls. This means patients don’t have to leave their
homes to receive diagnoses and prescriptions, and medical
professionals can see more patients in a day. Starting a business as a
telehealth consultant can allow an individual to practice as a nurse but
without the commute.
○ Specialized Care Provider
■ Becoming a specialized care provider is a great business idea for
nurses who have learned a specialized set of skills throughout their
career and want to apply those skills in their own business. Similarly,
becoming a specialized care provider can be one of the best small
business ideas for nurse practitioners as well — especially if they want
to branch out on their own and work in-depth in one area.
■ Some examples of specialized care provider businesses include:
● Childbirth training.
● Fertility consulting.
● Lactation consulting.
● Telehealth.
● In-home care.
● Holistic or alternative medicine services.
● Mindfulness and stress reduction.
○ Hospice Caregiver
■ Many hospice caregivers are focused on the well-being of the patient
as the well-being of family members. Juggling the physical and mental
well-being of multiple people doesn’t make this job easy, but it can be
very rewarding. Starting a business as a hospice caregiver can be hard
work, not only as a business owner but as a person — as the work of a
hospice caregiver takes an emotional toll.
○ Nurse Blogger
■ Many people turn to the internet for information on anything, including
(if not especially) medical ailments. Thus, while there are plenty of
helpful resources, there is also a lot of misinformation — and in the
medical field, this can be especially dangerous. A nurse has a specific
knowledge base that can be very helpful to several people. Thus, one
of the best nurse entrepreneur ideas is to start a blog using a nurse’s
nursing credentials and knowledge. In addition to one’s full-time job as
a nurse, they can offer to be interviewed by reporters to provide a

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 medical context to particular articles and start a blog to share
perspectives on nursing and the medical industry.

● Local Health Related Entrepreneurial Activities

1. Project EntrepreNurse
● Project EntrepreNurse was an initiative of the Department of Labor and
Employment. It was piloted in Davao, in which it aims to change the outlook
of the nurses in the country and help them recognize that being a nurse is not
only bound in the medical field and entrepreneurship is also a viable option for
them.
2. Project NARS: Nurses Assigned in Rural Services
● Project NARS is a Training cum Deployment Project, jointly implemented by
the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), the Department of Health
(DOH), and the Professional Regulation Commission, Board of Nursing
(PRC-BON), in partnership with Philippine Nursing Association (PNA), the
Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing (ADPCN), the
National League of Philippine Government Nurses (NLPGN) and the Local
Government Units (LGUs) across the country. The project was designed to
mobilize unemployed registered nurses to the 1,000 poorest municipalities of
the country or about 10,000 nurses to improve the delivery of health care
services.
● Nurses will be mobilized in their hometowns as warriors for wellness to do the
three I’s:
○ Initiate primary health, school nutrition, maternal health programs,
first-line diagnosis.
○ Inform about community water sanitation practices and also do health
surveillance.
○ Immunize children and mothers.

● The training program will cover both clinical and public health functions.
Nurse trainees will rotate in their assigned hospital or rural unit for a period of
three (3) months. At the end of the third month, nurses who have completed
their rotation in the hospital will be re-assigned to a rural unit and vice-versa.
● A Certificate of Completion/Competency shall be issued jointly by the DOLE,
DOH, and PRC after an assessment of the gained competencies of nurse
trainees. While on training, nurses will be given a stipend/allowance of
P8,000.00 per month. This translates to about P366,00 per day for a forty (40)
hours training /workweek.

3. Rural Health Midwives Placement Program (RHMPP)

● The DOH created the Rural Health Midwife Placement Program (RHMPP) to
address the inequitable distribution of midwives and equip them for
facility-based BEmoNC practice. The RHMPP aims to provide competent
midwives to areas that have not performed well in terms of facility-based
Ponceca, Prilla, Punzalan, Ramos, Regis, Saldo, Santiago, Solidor, Trinidad, Viray,
Yamamoto, Yanga, Zapanta
 deliveries, fully immunized child and contraceptive prevalence rates, hence,
improve facility-based health services. By augmenting health staff to selected
government units, the DOH may improve maternal and child health and attain
the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
● Under RHMPP, Rural Health Midwives shall receive a salary equivalent to
salary grade 11 (P 17,099.00), representation allowance, Magna Carta for
health workers, and continuing professional education.

4. Midwifery Scholarship Program of the Philippines (MSPP)

● The Department of Health created the Midwifery Scholarship Program of the
Philippines (MSPP) in support of the achievement of the Millenium
Development Goals to decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality
rate by producing and ensuring a constant supply of consistent competent
midwives fit to serve the identified priority areas of the country.
● This program offered by the DOH is a two (2) year midwifery scholarship
program that is given and granted to applicants who are proven to be qualified
in partnership with midwifery schools. In relation to this, all applicants will be
given a chance to apply to schools that have midwifery courses. Upon
completing the MSPP and obtaining the midwife's Certificate of Registration
and license, the scholars shall render two (2) years of service to the DOH for
every year of scholarship granted as a form of return service.

Ponceca, Prilla, Punzalan, Ramos, Regis, Saldo, Santiago, Solidor, Trinidad, Viray,
Yamamoto, Yanga, Zapanta
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