Mimo (FDD) (5g Ran6.1 - Draft A)

5G RAN
MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter

Description
Issue Draft A
Date 2021-12-30
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. i

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description Contents
Contents
1 Change History.........................................................................................................................1
1.1 5G RAN6.1 Draft A (2021-12-30)...................................................................................................................................... 1
2 About This Document.............................................................................................................3

2.1 General Statements................................................................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 Features in This Document.................................................................................................................................................. 3
2.3 Differences Between NR FDD and NR TDD................................................................................................................... 4
2.4 Differences Between NSA and SA..................................................................................................................................... 4
2.5 Differences Between High Frequency Bands and Low Frequency Bands............................................................ 5
3 Overview....................................................................................................................................6
4 Basic Functions of MIMO....................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Principles.................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1.1 Uplink Receive Diversity.................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1.2 Downlink Beamforming..................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1.3 Antenna Port Mapping...................................................................................................................................................... 9
4.1.4 Other Coverage Enhancement Functions................................................................................................................. 13
4.2 Network Analysis.................................................................................................................................................................. 14
4.2.1 Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
4.2.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
4.3 Requirements......................................................................................................................................................................... 15
4.3.1 Licenses................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
4.3.2 Software................................................................................................................................................................................15
4.3.3 Hardware.............................................................................................................................................................................. 15
4.3.4 Others.................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
4.4 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................................................................................. 16
4.4.1 Data Configuration........................................................................................................................................................... 16
4.4.1.1 Data Preparation............................................................................................................................................................ 16
4.4.1.2 Using MML Commands............................................................................................................................................... 17
4.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment...................................................................................................................................... 17
4.4.2 Activation Verification..................................................................................................................................................... 17
4.4.3 Network Monitoring......................................................................................................................................................... 17
5 SU-MIMO................................................................................................................................. 18
5.1 Principles.................................................................................................................................................................................. 18
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5.1.1 SU-MIMO Basics................................................................................................................................................................ 18

5.1.2 Downlink SU-MIMO Enhancements........................................................................................................................... 20
5.2.1 Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
5.2.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................................................................................. 20
5.3 Requirements......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
5.3.1 Licenses................................................................................................................................................................................. 21
5.3.2 Software................................................................................................................................................................................21
5.3.3 Hardware.............................................................................................................................................................................. 22
5.3.4 Others.................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
5.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment...................................................................................................................................... 23
6 Antenna Port Detection....................................................................................................... 26

6.1 Principles.................................................................................................................................................................................. 26
6.1.1 Detection and Reconfiguration.....................................................................................................................................26
6.1.2 Examples...............................................................................................................................................................................27
6.2.1 Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
6.2.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.3 Requirements......................................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.3.1 Licenses................................................................................................................................................................................. 33
6.3.2 Software................................................................................................................................................................................33
6.3.3 Hardware.............................................................................................................................................................................. 33
6.3.4 Others.................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
7 Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection................................................................................37

7.1 Principles.................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
7.2.1 Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................. 39
7.2.2 Impacts.................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
7.3 Requirements......................................................................................................................................................................... 41
7.3.1 Licenses................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
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7.3.2 Software................................................................................................................................................................................41
7.3.3 Hardware.............................................................................................................................................................................. 42
7.3.4 Others.................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
8 Parameters.............................................................................................................................. 46
9 Counters.................................................................................................................................. 47
10 Glossary................................................................................................................................. 48
11 Reference Documents........................................................................................................ 49
Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. iv

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 1 Change History
1 Change History
This chapter describes changes not included in the "Parameters", "Counters",

"Glossary", and "Reference Documents" chapters. These changes include:
● Technical changes
Changes in functions and their corresponding parameters
● Editorial changes
Improvements or revisions to the documentation
1.1 5G RAN6.1 Draft A (2021-12-30)

This issue is the first release of MIMO (FDD), which is extracted from 5G RAN5.1
MIMO. This issue introduces the following changes to 5G RAN5.1 08 (2021-11-27).
Technical Changes
Change Description Parameter Change RAT Base Station Model
Classified antenna port Added the FDD 3900 and 5900 series
detection into column AntPortMapOptDetMode base stations
detection and polarization parameter to the STR
detection. For details, see 6 ANTENNAPORTOPTDET
Antenna Port Detection. command.
Supported MIMO None FDD 3900 and 5900 series

enhancements in FDD base stations
32T32R mode. For details,
see 5.1.2 Downlink SU-
MIMO Enhancements.
Added the Added the FDD 3900 and 5900 series

NRDUCellDlRank.DlWeigh NRDUCellDlRank.DlWeigh base stations
tAndRankValidPol tAndRankValidPol
parameter to the disuse list. parameter to the disuse
list.
Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 1 Change History
Change Description Parameter Change RAT Base Station Model
Added the inter-cell cable Added the FDD 3900 and 5900 series
sequence detection AntPortOptDetPolicy base stations
function. For details, see 7 parameter to the STR
Inter-Cell Cable Sequence ANTENNAPORTOPTDET,
Detection. DSP
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET,
and STP
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET
commands.
Editorial Changes
Revised descriptions.
Moved descriptions of antenna port mapping and MU-MIMO in 8T8R mode from
this document to Smart 8T8R (FDD).

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 2 About This Document
2 About This Document
2.1 General Statements

Purpose
Feature Parameter Description documents are intended to acquaint readers with:
● The technical principles of features and their related parameters
● The scenarios where these features are used, the benefits they provide, and
the impact they have on networks and functions
● Requirements of the operating environment that must be met before feature
activation
● Parameter configuration required for feature activation, verification of feature
activation, and monitoring of feature performance
NOTE
This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and
feature gains depend on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is
deployed. To achieve optimal gains, contact Huawei professional service engineers.
Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in Feature
Parameter Description documents apply only to the corresponding software
release. For future software releases, refer to the corresponding updated product
documentation.
2.2 Features in This Document

This document describes the following features.

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Feature ID Feature Name Chapter/Section
FBFD-010003 MIMO Basic Package 4 Basic Functions

of MIMO
FOFD-010020 SU-MIMO Multiple Layers 5 SU-MIMO
FBFD-010025 Basic O&M Package 6 Antenna Port

Detection
7 Inter-Cell Cable
Sequence
Detection
2.3 Differences Between NR FDD and NR TDD

Function Name Difference Chapter/Section
Basic functions of Only PMI-based weights but not SRS- 4 Basic Functions
MIMO based weights are supported in NR of MIMO
FDD. Both SRS-based weights and
PMI-based weights are supported in
NR TDD.
SU-MIMO None 5 SU-MIMO
Antenna port Supported only in NR FDD 6 Antenna Port

detection Detection
Inter-cell cable None 7 Inter-Cell Cable

sequence Sequence
detection Detection
2.4 Differences Between NSA and SA

Function Name Difference Chapter/Section
Basic functions of None 4 Basic Functions

MIMO of MIMO
SU-MIMO None 5 SU-MIMO
Antenna port None 6 Antenna Port

detection Detection
Inter-cell cable None 7 Inter-Cell Cable

sequence Sequence
detection Detection

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2.5 Differences Between High Frequency Bands and

Low Frequency Bands
This document refers to frequency bands belonging to FR1 (410–7125 MHz) as
low frequency bands, and those belonging to FR2 (24250–52600 MHz) as high
frequency bands. For details about FR1 and FR2, see section 5.1 "General" in 3GPP
TS 38.104 V15.5.0.
Supported only in low frequency bands

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 3 Overview
3 Overview
With the rapid development of wireless communications, increasingly high

requirements are imposed on system capacity and spectral efficiency. To meet
these requirements, various technologies have emerged. Common technologies
include extending system bandwidth and increasing signal modulation order.
However, extending system bandwidth can only increase system capacity but
cannot effectively improve spectral efficiency, while increasing signal modulation
order can only improve spectral efficiency to a limited extent on live networks, as
modulation order is strongly correlated with signal quality.
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a technology that uses multiple
antennas at the transmitter and receiver in combination with signal processing
techniques to multiply spectral efficiency. The capability of MIMO to improve
spectral efficiency is closely related to the number of antennas.
2T2R/2T4R/4T4R/8T8R/32T32R MIMO is supported in NR FDD.
MIMO offers receive diversity, beamforming, and spatial multiplexing gains,
increasing system capacity and spectral efficiency, by using the following signal
processing techniques:
● Receive diversity: It is used for uplink reception. For details, see 4 Basic
Functions of MIMO.
● Beamforming: It is used for downlink transmission. For details, see 4 Basic
Functions of MIMO.
● Spatial multiplexing
For details about spatial multiplexing of a single UE's multiple data streams,
see 5 SU-MIMO.
Cable sequence detection can be used to find and solve antenna connection
problems during engineering deployment. For details, see 6 Antenna Port
Detection and 7 Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection.

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 4 Basic Functions of MIMO
4 Basic Functions of MIMO
4.1 Principles
4.1.1 Uplink Receive Diversity
Figure 4-1 shows the principles of uplink receive diversity.
Figure 4-1 Principles of uplink receive diversity
The UE sends signal x, which passes through different channels to the gNodeB's M
antennas r1 to rM. The gNodeB applies a weight wi to each received signal, and
then combines the weighted signals into signal y. The combined signal can be
expressed as follows:
y = W (Hx + N)
where
● W = (w1, ..., wM): 1xM vector composed of RX antenna weights.
● H = (h1, ..., hM)T: Mx1 vector composed of spatial channel coefficients. hi
indicates the coefficient of channel i, and T is a transpose operator. The

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channel coefficients are used to obtain the signals that change in amplitude
and phase after passing through channels.
● N = (n1, ..., nM)T: Mx1 vector composed of received noises.
● x: TX signal.
4.1.2 Downlink Beamforming

Downlink beamforming is a technique in which a gNodeB can weight a to-be-
transmitted signal to generate a directional narrow beam.
Figure 4-2 shows the weighting principles. The signal to be transmitted is
weighted using different weights (w1, ..., wM) on different logical antenna ports to
change the signal amplitude and phase. After the signal energy radiated by the
antennas is superimposed, a beam towards the UE is generated. The more the
antennas, the narrower the beam and the more flexible the beam direction. Each
data stream corresponds to an independent weight value, that is, corresponds to a
directional beam.
Figure 4-2 Weighting
The weights (w1, ..., wM) are used to change the beamwidth and direction. They
are calculated based on downlink channel status.
There are two methods of weight calculation:
● Weight calculation based on sounding reference signal (SRS): The calculation
procedure is illustrated in Figure 4-3.
● Weight calculation based on precoding matrix indication (PMI): The
calculation procedure is illustrated in Figure 4-4.

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Figure 4-3 SRS-based weight calculation
Figure 4-4 PMI-based weight calculation
For FDD cells, PMI-based weights are always used and SRS-based weights are not
supported.
4.1.3 Antenna Port Mapping

The polarization modes of logical antenna ports and physical antenna ports
corresponding to RRU channels may not be matched during installation. As a
result, the beam coverage deteriorates. The antenna port mapping function is
introduced to avoid a second installation for adjusting the connections between

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RRU channels and antennas. This function is controlled by the

NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter.
Antenna Port Mapping for an FDD 4T4R RRU

For an FDD 4T4R RRU, the mapping between four logical antenna ports and four
RRU channels is specified by the NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping
parameter. Table 4-1 lists the recommended configurations for different
connections.
Table 4-1 Recommended antenna port mapping configurations for different FDD
4T4R RRU connections
RRU Channels Recommended Logical Antenna Ports
Connected to Physical NRDUCellCoverage.Ant Mapped to RRU
Antenna Ports (+45°, – ennaPortMapping Channels (A, C, D, B)
45°, +45°, –45°) Parameter Setting
(A, C, D, B) 4T_0321 (0, 2, 1, 3)
(A, B, C, D) 4T_0213 (0, 1, 3, 2)
(A, B, D, C) 4T_0231 (0, 3, 1, 2)
(A, C, B, D) 4T_0123 or DEFAULT (0, 2, 3, 1)
(A, D, B, C) 4T_0132 (0, 3, 2, 1)
(A, D, C, B) 4T_0312 (0, 1, 2, 3)
Note: Physical antenna ports (+45°, –45°, +45°, –45°) indicate that the
polarization directions of physical antenna ports are +45°, –45°, +45°, and –45°,
respectively.
Figure 4-5 provides a mapping example. For an FDD 4T4R RRU, the channel
sequence is A, C, D, and B. When the channels are connected to the physical
antenna ports in sequence, the optimal mapping is that channels A, B, C, and D
are mapped to ports 0, 3, 2, and 1, respectively. In this case, channel A (port 0)
and channel D (port 1) are connected to a pair of +45° physical antenna ports,
and channel B (port 3) and channel C (port 2) are connected to another pair of –
45° physical antenna ports. Therefore, the optimal setting of the
NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter is 4T_0321 or 4T_0231.
However, the default mapping is that channels A, B, C, and D are mapped to ports
0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In this case, channel A (port 0) and channel B (port 1)
are connected to a pair of +45° and –45° physical antenna ports, respectively;
channel C (port 2) and channel D (port 3) are connected to another pair of –45°
and +45° physical antenna ports, respectively. Therefore, the optimal setting of the
NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter is not 4T_0123.

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Figure 4-5 Antenna port mapping for an FDD 4T4R RRU
Antenna Port Mapping for Combined FDD 2T2R RRUs

For combined FDD 2T2R RRUs, the channel sequence is RRU1 A, RRU1 B, RRU2 A,
and RRU2 B. The mapping between four logical antenna ports and four RRU
channels is specified by the NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter.
Table 4-2 lists the recommended configurations for different connections.
Table 4-2 Recommended antenna port mapping configurations for different FDD
2T2R RRU connections
Antenna Ports (+45°, – ennaPortMapping Channels (RRU1 A,
45°, +45°, –45°) Parameter Setting RRU1 B, RRU2 A, RRU2
B)
(RRU1 A, RRU1 B, RRU2 4T_0213 (0, 2, 1, 3)

A, RRU2 B)
(RRU1 A, RRU2 A, RRU2 4T_0321 (0, 3, 2, 1)

B, RRU1 B)

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Antenna Ports (+45°, – ennaPortMapping Channels (RRU1 A,
45°, +45°, –45°) Parameter Setting RRU1 B, RRU2 A, RRU2
B)
(RRU1 A, RRU2 B, RRU2 4T_0312 (0, 3, 1, 2)

A, RRU1 B)
(RRU1 A, RRU1 B, RRU2 4T_0231 (0, 2, 3, 1)

B, RRU2 A)
(RRU1 A, RRU2 B, RRU1 4T_0132 (0, 1, 3, 2)

B, RRU2 A)
(RRU1 A, RRU2 A, RRU1 4T_0123 or DEFAULT (0, 1, 2, 3)

B, RRU2 B)
Note: Physical antenna ports (+45°, –45°, +45°, –45°) indicate that the
polarization directions of physical antenna ports are +45°, –45°, +45°, and –45°,
respectively.
Figure 4-6 provides a mapping example. The optimal mapping is that RRU1 A,
RRU1 B, RRU2 A, and RRU2 B are mapped to ports 0, 2, 1, and 3, respectively. In
this case, RRU1 A (port 0) and RRU2 A (port 1) are connected to a pair of +45°
physical antenna ports, and RRU1 B (port 2) and RRU2 B (port 3) are connected
to another pair of –45° physical antenna ports. Therefore, the optimal setting of
the NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter is 4T_0213 or 4T_0312.
However, the default mapping is that RRU1 A, RRU1 B, RRU2 A, and RRU2 B are
mapped to ports 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In this case, RRU1 A (port 0) and
RRU1 B (port 1) are connected to a pair of +45° and –45° physical antenna ports,
respectively; RRU2 A (port 0) and RRU2 B (port 1) are connected to another pair
of –45° and +45° physical antenna ports, respectively. Therefore, the optimal
setting of the NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping parameter is not
4T_0123.

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Figure 4-6 Antenna port mapping for combined FDD 2T2R RRUs
4.1.4 Other Coverage Enhancement Functions

The following functions can be used to increase the uplink UE throughput:
● PUSCH time domain enhancement: This function is controlled by the
PUSCH_TIME_DOMAIN_ENH_SW option of the
NRDUCellAlgoSwitch.FullChannelCovEnhSwitch parameter. This function
takes effect only for SU-MIMO cell-edge UEs in cells with at most 4T4R.
Based on the power delay profile (PDP) of PUSCH DMRS, the following
methods are used to retain useful signals, suppress white noise, improve
channel estimation accuracy, improve uplink demodulation performance, and
increase uplink CEU throughput. When there is no interference, the gains are
the highest. The higher the interference, the lower the gains but there are no
negative impacts.
– Larger weight values are used for time-domain sampling points with
higher power.
– Smaller weight values are used for time-domain sampling points with
lower power.

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● SRS transmission adaptation: This function is controlled by the

SRS_SEND_ADAPT_SW option of the NRDUCellSrs.SrsAlgoSwitch parameter.
This function takes effect only in FDD cells. This function controls SRS
resource allocation to increase the uplink throughput of SU-MIMO UEs.
● Fast uplink rank reduction based on SRS SINR: This function is controlled by
the UL_RANK_FAST_DECREASE_SW option of the
NRDUCellUlRank.UlRankAlgoSw parameter. This function identifies whether
UEs are in power saving or dual-SIM dual-pass mode based on the SRS SINR
difference between streams. If so, it quickly reduces ranks to increase the
uplink throughput of UEs.
4.2 Network Analysis
4.2.1 Benefits
Significantly increasing the number of TX and RX antennas achieves higher array,
diversity, and beamforming gains, as shown in Figure 4-7, Figure 4-8, and Figure
4-9. These gains mean improved cell coverage and increased average uplink and
downlink UE throughput.
Figure 4-7 Array gain
Figure 4-8 Diversity gain
Figure 4-9 Beamforming gain

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4.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
The BBP CPU usage is high in heavy-load scenarios. To reduce the BBP CPU usage
and improve gNodeB MIMO performance by optimizing the MIMO measurement
algorithm, the CHN_MEASURE_CPU_DEC_SW option of the
gNodeBParam.NrBoardPerformanceSw parameter can be selected to enable the
function of CPU usage reduction for channel measurement.
Function Impacts
None
4.3 Requirements
4.3.1 Licenses
None
4.3.2 Software
Prerequisite Functions
None
Mutually Exclusive Functions

None
4.3.3 Hardware
Base Station Models
3900 and 5900 series base stations. 3900 series base stations must be configured
with the BBU3910.
DBS3900 LampSite and DBS5900 LampSite. DBS3900 LampSite must be
configured with the BBU3910.
Boards
All NR FDD-capable main control boards and baseband processing units support
this function. For details, see the BBU technical specifications in 3900 & 5900
Series Base Station Product Documentation.
RF Modules
All NR FDD-capable RF modules support this function. For details, see the
technical specifications of RF modules in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product
Documentation.

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4.3.4 Others
For details about connections between antennas and RRUs, see the RF cable
connection description in the RRU hardware description in 3900 & 5900 Series
Base Station Product Documentation.
In FDD 4T scenarios, tower-mounted amplifiers (TMAs) cannot be deployed in
asymmetric networking mode. This is because channel calibration fails in this
mode, affecting MIMO performance in 4T cells.
4.4 Operation and Maintenance
4.4.1 Data Configuration
4.4.1.1 Data Preparation

This function does not need to be activated. Table 4-3 describes the required
parameters.
Table 4-3 Required parameters
Parameter Parameter ID Option Setting Notes

Name
Transmit and NRDUCellTrp. None Set this parameter based on

Receive Mode TxRxMode the numbers of TX and RX
antennas of an RF module.
Full Channel NRDUCellAlg PUSCH_TIME_ Select this option.

Coverage oSwitch.FullC DOMAIN_EN
Enhancement hannelCovEn H_SW
Switch hSwitch
Antenna Port NRDUCellCov None Set this parameter as planned.
Mapping erage.Antenn
aPortMappin
g
NR Board gNodeBPara CHN_MEASU It is recommended that this
Performance m.NrBoardPe RE_CPU_DEC_ option be selected in heavy-
Switch rformanceSw SW load scenarios to reduce the
BBP CPU usage.
SRS NRDUCellSrs. SRS_SEND_A Set it based on the network

Algorithm SrsAlgoSwitc DAPT_SW plan.
Switch h
Uplink Rank NRDUCellUlR UL_RANK_FAS Switch-on is recommended.
Algorithm ank.UlRankAl T_DECREASE_
Switch goSw SW

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4.4.1.2 Using MML Commands

//Setting the TX/RX mode of a cell
MOD NRDUCELLTRP: NrDuCellTrpId=2, NrDuCellId=2, TxRxMode=4T4R;
//(Optional) Configuring antenna port mapping (only 4T4R cells are involved)
MOD NRDUCELLCOVERAGE: NrDuCellTrpId=2, NrDuCellCoverageId=2, AntennaPortMapping=4T_0321;
//Enabling CPU usage reduction for channel measurement
MOD GNODEBPARAM: NrBoardPerformanceSw=CHN_MEASURE_CPU_DEC_SW-1;
//Configuring other coverage enhancement functions
MOD NRDUCELLALGOSWITCH: NrDuCellId=0,
FullChannelCovEnhSwitch=PUSCH_TIME_DOMAIN_ENH_SW-1;
MOD NRDUCELLSRS: NrDuCellId=0, SrsAlgoSwitch=SRS_SEND_ADAPT_SW-1;
MOD NRDUCELLULRANK: NrDuCellId=0, UlRankAlgoSw=UL_RANK_FAST_DECREASE_SW-1;
4.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment

For detailed operations, see Feature Configuration Using the MAE-Deployment.
4.4.2 Activation Verification

NR cells are multi-antenna cells by default. The basic functions of MIMO do not
require additional activation verification.
4.4.3 Network Monitoring

NR cells are multi-antenna cells by default. The basic functions of MIMO do not
require additional network monitoring.
You can observe the service performance of a cell by observing the following KPIs
related to average UE throughput:
● User Uplink Average Throughput (DU)
● User Downlink Average Throughput (DU)

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 5 SU-MIMO
5 SU-MIMO
5.1 Principles
5.1.1 SU-MIMO Basics

Overview
Single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) is a multi-antenna technique that implements
spatial multiplexing of time-frequency resources for a single UE. It applies to
PUSCH and PDSCH. It enables multi-layer data transmission, as shown in Figure
5-1, and increases the single UE peak rate in both uplink and downlink.
Figure 5-1 SU-MIMO
Uplink SU-MIMO
This function is controlled by the UL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW option of the
NRDUCellAlgoSwitch.SuMimoMultipleLayerSw parameter.
For cells with 32 or more RX antennas on the gNodeB side, the maximum number
of PUSCH multiplexing layers for a single UE is equal to the minimum among the

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number of gNodeB RX antennas, the number of UE TX antennas, and the value of

NRDUCellPusch.MaxMimoLayerCnt.
For cells with eight or fewer RX antennas on the gNodeB side, the maximum
number of PUSCH multiplexing layers for a single UE is equal to the smaller one
between the number of gNodeB RX antennas and the number of UE TX antennas,
as listed in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1 Maximum number of PUSCH layers for a single UE
Number of gNodeB RX Number of UE TX Maximum Number of

Antennas Antennas PUSCH SU-MIMO
Layers
32R 2T 2
8R 2T 2
4R 2T 2
2R 2T 2
The number of gNodeB RX antennas is specified by the NRDUCellTrp.TxRxMode

parameter. The RF module hardware capability needs to be considered during the
configuration.
Downlink SU-MIMO
This function is controlled by the DL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW option of the
NRDUCellAlgoSwitch.SuMimoMultipleLayerSw parameter.
For cells with 32 or more TX antennas on the gNodeB side, the maximum number
of PDSCH multiplexing layers for a single UE is equal to the minimum among the
gNodeB TX antennas, the number of UE RX antennas, and the value of
NRDUCellPdsch.MaxMimoLayerNum.
For cells with eight or fewer TX antennas on the gNodeB side, the maximum
number of PDSCH multiplexing layers for a single UE is equal to the smaller one
between the number of gNodeB TX antennas and the number of UE RX antennas,
as listed in Table 5-2.
Table 5-2 Maximum number of PDSCH layers for a single UE
Number of gNodeB TX Number of UE RX Maximum Number of

Antennas Antennas PDSCH SU-MIMO
Layers
32T 4R 4
8T 4R 4
4T 4R 4
2T 4R 2

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The number of gNodeB TX antennas is specified by the NRDUCellTrp.TxRxMode

parameter. The RF module hardware capability needs to be considered during the
configuration.
5.1.2 Downlink SU-MIMO Enhancements

Downlink SU-MIMO can be enhanced from multiple dimensions, such as the
number of layers, power, and precoding, to increase the downlink UE throughput.
● For cells with at least 8T, the RB allocation policy is optimized to increase
downlink user-perceived rates. This function is controlled by the
SU_DMRS_OH_ADAPT_DEDUCT_SW option of the
NRDUCellDmrs.DlDmrsSwitch parameter.
● The power of each layer can be adjusted for cell center UEs (CCUs) during
rank-3 or rank-4 scheduling to increase the downlink UE throughput. The
prerequisite is that power reduction for CCUs is enabled by setting the
NRDUCellChnPwr.MaxBsEvmPwrOffset or
NRDUCellChnPwr.MaxUeSatPwrOffset parameter to a non-zero value.
● For cells with at least 4T, both R15 Type 2 and R16 Type 2 codebooks can be
used to improve the precoding matrix accuracy and further increase the
downlink user-perceived rate. This function is controlled by the
R15_TYPE2_SW and R16_TYPE2_SW options of the
NRDUCellPdschPrecode.DlCodebookTypeSwitch parameter.
5.2.1 Benefits
SU-MIMO provides the following benefits:
● Uplink SU-MIMO
If a UE supports uplink data transmission over N layers, its uplink peak rate is
theoretically N times that of data transmission over a single layer.
● Downlink SU-MIMO
If a UE supports downlink data transmission over N layers, its downlink peak
rate is theoretically N times that of data transmission over a single layer.
5.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
None

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Function Impacts
Function Name Function Switch Reference Description
MIMO layer UE_DL_MIMO_LAYER UE Power Saving When both SU-MIMO and

reduction _REDUCE_SW option MIMO layer reduction are
of the enabled, the value of the
NRCellAlgoSwitch.Ue N.ChMeas.MIMO.DL.Transmissi
PwrSavingSwitch on.Layer counter may decrease.
parameter
Low latency and HIGH_RELIABILITY_B URLLC If low-latency and high-

high reliability ASIC_SW option of reliability functions are enabled,
the only single-stream rank 1 is
NRDUCellAlgoSwitch. supported.
HighReliabilitySwitch
parameter
5.3 Requirements
5.3.1 Licenses
The license for SU-MIMO Multiple Layers has been purchased.
Feature ID Feature Name Model Sales Unit
FOFD-010020 SU-MIMO Multiple NR0S0PREUM00 per Cell

Layers
For low-frequency gNodeBs with at least 32T32R, the license for the number of
spatial multiplexing layers is also required. The maximum number cannot exceed
the licensed number. One license unit corresponds to two layers. For details about
licensing rules, see License Management.
Model Description Sales Unit
NR0S0DLEPU00 Massive MIMO DL 2-Layers Extended per 2 Layers per Cell

Processing Unit License (NR)
NR0S0ULEPU00 Massive MIMO UL 2-Layers Extended per 2 Layers per Cell

Processing Unit License (NR)
5.3.2 Software
None

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None
5.3.3 Hardware
Base Station Models
with the BBU3910.
DBS3900 LampSite and DBS5900 LampSite. DBS3900 LampSite must be
configured with the BBU3910.
Boards
RF Modules
All NR FDD-capable RF modules support this function. For details, see the
technical specifications of RF modules in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product
Documentation.
5.3.4 Others
None

Table 5-3 describes the parameters used for SU-MIMO activation. Table 5-4
describes the parameters used for function optimization.
Table 5-3 Parameters used for activation

Name
SU-MIMO NRDUCellAlg ● DL_SU_MU It is recommended that both

Multiple oSwitch.SuMi LTI_LAYER_ options be selected.
Layers Switch moMultipleL SW
ayerSw ● UL_SU_MU
LTI_LAYER_
SW

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Table 5-4 Parameters used for optimization

Name
DL DMRS NRDUCellDm SU_DMRS_O Switch-on is recommended.

Switch rs.DlDmrsSwi H_ADAPT_DE
tch DUCT_SW
Downlink NRDUCellPds ● R15_TYPE2 Switch-on is recommended.

Codebook chPrecode.Dl _SW
Type Switch CodebookTyp ● R16_TYPE2
eSwitch _SW
Activation Command Examples

Before using MML commands, refer to 5.2.2 Impacts and 5.3.2 Software and
complete the parameter configurations for related functions based on the impact,
dependency, and mutually exclusive relationships between the functions, as well
as the actual network scenario.
//Enabling uplink and downlink SU-MIMO
SuMimoMultipleLayerSw=DL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW-1&UL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW-1;
//Configuring downlink SU-MIMO enhancements
MOD NRDUCELLDMRS: NrDuCellId=0, DlDmrsSwitch=SU_DMRS_OH_ADAPT_DEDUCT_SW-1;
MOD NRDUCELLPDSCHPRECODE: NrDuCellId=0,
DlCodebookTypeSwitch=R15_TYPE2_SW-1&R16_TYPE2_SW-1;
Deactivation Command Examples

The following provides only deactivation command examples. You can determine
whether to restore the settings of other parameters based on actual network
conditions.
//Disabling uplink and downlink SU-MIMO
SuMimoMultipleLayerSw=DL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW-0&UL_SU_MULTI_LAYER_SW-0;
5.4.1.3 Using the MAE-Deployment

For detailed operations, see Feature Configuration Using the MAE-Deployment.

Check whether SU-MIMO has taken effect. On the MAE-Access, choose Monitor >
Signaling Trace > Signaling Trace Management > NR > User Performance
Monitoring > User Common Monitoring, and check the number of layers
corresponding to each codeword, as shown in Table 5-5.

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Table 5-5 SU-MIMO activation verification

Function Monitoring Description
Item
Uplink SU- Code0 UL This function has taken effect if the

MIMO Average Layer following condition is met: 1 < Code0 UL
Num Average Layer Num ≤ min (Number of
gNodeB RX antennas, Number of UE TX
antennas).
Downlink SU- ● Code0 DL This function has taken effect if the

MIMO Average following condition is met: 1 < (Code0 DL
Layer Num Average Layer Num + Code1 DL Average
● Code1 DL Layer Num) ≤ min (Number of gNodeB
Average TX antennas, Number of UE RX antennas).
Layer Num
NOTE
In the User Common Monitoring dialog box, you are advised to set UEID Type to Random
Value or STMSI in NSA networking and set UEID Type to 5G-Random Value or 5G-STMSI
in SA networking.
To further observe function effects, you can use the following indicators. These
indicators apply to both SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO. However, they can be used to
observe whether SU-MIMO has taken effect only when MU-MIMO is not enabled.
● Average number of downlink layers on each PRB in a cell =
N.ChMeas.MIMO.DL.Transmission.Layer / ((N.PRB.DL.DrbUsed.Avg +
N.PRB.DL.SrbUsed.Avg) x N.DL.PDSCH.Tti.Num)
● Maximum number of downlink layers on a PRB in a cell =
N.ChMeas.MIMO.DL.Transmission.Layer.Max
● Average number of uplink layers on each PRB in a cell =
N.ChMeas.MIMO.UL.Trans.Layer / (N.PRB.PUSCH.Used.Avg x
N.UL.PUSCH.Tti.Num)
● Maximum number of uplink layers on a PRB in a cell =
N.ChMeas.MIMO.UL.Trans.Layer.Max

Observing Average UE Throughput
Observe the average UE throughput increases of uplink SU-MIMO and downlink
SU-MIMO using the following KPIs:
● User Uplink Average Throughput (DU)
● User Downlink Average Throughput (DU)

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Observing Single-UE Throughput

Observe the single-UE throughput increases using real-time monitoring items on
the MAE-Access.
● For uplink SU-MIMO, choose User Performance Monitoring > User Common
Monitoring > Uplink MAC Throughput. Compare the uplink MAC
throughput before and after the function is enabled.
● For downlink SU-MIMO, choose User Performance Monitoring > User
Common Monitoring > Downlink MAC Throughput. Compare the downlink
MAC throughput before and after the function is enabled.

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 6 Antenna Port Detection
6 Antenna Port Detection
6.1 Principles
6.1.1 Detection and Reconfiguration

Antenna port detection involves the identification of column combinations and
polarization combinations, which are illustrated in Figure 6-1.
● A column combination consists of antennas with no spacing between them.

For example, the antennas connected to channels A and C form a column
combination; the antennas connected to channels D and B form another.
● A polarization combination consists of antennas with the same polarization
direction. For example, the antennas connected to channels A and B form a
polarization combination; the antennas connected to channels C and D form
another.
Figure 6-1 Physical antennas
Antenna port detection first identifies column combinations based on RX signal

strength changes at different downtilt angles of each antenna, and then identifies

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polarization combinations by selecting UEs in the cell for channel estimation and
calculating the correlation between UE channels based on RSRP.
Huawei gNodeBs support antenna port (mapping configuration) detection and
reconfiguration. The total detection time ranges from 18 minutes to 24 hours.
Currently, cell-level detection and base-station-level detection are supported;
antenna port detection and reconfiguration are optional and can be performed
separately; column detection, polarization detection, and column+polarization
detection are available. These functions are controlled by the NrDuCellId,
AntPortAutoReconfigSw, and AntPortMapOptDetMode parameters in the STR
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command and require that the AntPortOptDetPolicy
parameter in this command be set to INTRA_CELL_DETECT in advance.
● If NrDuCellId is not set to a specific value, antenna port detection or
reconfiguration is performed on the entire base station. If NrDuCellId is set to
a specific value, antenna port detection or reconfiguration is performed only
for the specified cell.
● If AntPortAutoReconfigSw is set to OFF, only antenna port detection is
performed but reconfiguration is not performed. If AntPortAutoReconfigSw
is set to ON after detection is performed, only antenna port reconfiguration is
performed but detection is no longer performed. Reconfiguration will lead to
cell reestablishment.
● AntPortMapOptDetMode is used to specify the cable sequence detection
mode.
– If AntPortMapOptDetMode is set to COLUMN, only column detection is
performed to determine which two antennas belong to the same column
combination. The detection is implemented through reception and
transmission by the antennas themselves, not requiring online UEs. After
the column detection succeeds, the DSP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET
command output shows that the column detection is complete and
displays the completion time. If polarization detection has been
successfully performed before the column detection, the command
output provides the optimal port mapping based on the column detection
result and the previous polarization detection result, shows that the
detection is complete, and displays the completion time.
– Similarly, if AntPortMapOptDetMode is set to POLAR, only polarization
detection is performed to determine which two antennas belong to the
same polarization combination. The detection requires more than one
RRC_CONNECTED UE in the cell. If there are no such UEs, the base
station continuously searches for such UEs and stops the detection after a
maximum of 24 hours. After the polarization detection succeeds, the DSP
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command output shows that the polarization
detection is complete and displays the completion time.
– If AntPortMapOptDetMode is set to COLUMN_POLAR, the base station
performs column detection first and then polarization detection. After the
detection succeeds, the DSP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command output
shows that the detection is complete and displays the polarization
detection completion time.
6.1.2 Examples
Figure 6-2 shows an example of antenna port detection, where the antennas
connected to channels A and D form a polarization combination and the antennas

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connected to channels C and B form another. According to the antenna port

mapping requirements for FDD 4T4R cells described in 4.1.3 Antenna Port
Mapping, the optimal mapping is as follows:
● Ports 0 and 1 are mapped to channels A and D, respectively. That is, ports 0
and 1 correspond to one polarization combination.
● Ports 2 and 3 are mapped to channels C and B, respectively. That is, ports 2
and 3 correspond to the other polarization combination.
● Ports 0 and 2 correspond to one column combination. Ports 1 and 3
correspond to the other column combination.
Therefore, the optimal setting of NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping is

4T_0321.
Figure 6-2 Configuration example for an FDD 4T4R RRU in non-cross-connection

mode
Figure 6-3 shows an example of antenna port detection, where the antennas
connected to channels A and C form a polarization combination and the antennas
connected to channels D and B form another. According to the antenna port
mapping requirements for FDD 4T4R cells described in 4.1.3 Antenna Port
Mapping, the optimal mapping is as follows:

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● Ports 0 and 1 are mapped to channels A and C, respectively. That is, ports 0
and 1 correspond to one polarization combination.
● Ports 2 and 3 are mapped to channels B and D, respectively. That is, ports 2
and 3 correspond to the other polarization combination.
● Ports 0 and 2 correspond to one column combination. Ports 1 and 3
correspond to the other column combination.
Therefore, the optimal setting of NRDUCellCoverage.AntennaPortMapping is

4T_0213.
Figure 6-3 Configuration example for an FDD 4T4R RRU in cross-connection mode
6.2.1 Benefits
The antenna port detection function allows operators to adjust related parameter
values to adapt to different physical connections without conducting onsite
operations.

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RX signal strength and uplink channel correlation are affected by many factors, for
example, antenna downtilt angles, propagation paths, and external interference.
Column detection does not require that there are RRC_CONNECTED UEs in a cell,
while polarization detection requires that there is at least one RRC_CONNECTED
UE in a cell. The expected effective rate of physical connection detection results is
90%. The error rate of detection results does not exceed 1% if the detection is
completed.
If no UEs are in a cell or UEs are at the cell edge, drive-test UEs can be used for
detection in the cell center. Drive-test UEs must be moved within the 150 m LOS
range of the antenna and must be in RRC_CONNECTED mode during the
detection. It is recommended that drive-test UEs keep moving. If the UEs are
stationary, the expected detection time increases.
Column detection and polarization detection are optional and can be performed
separately. You are advised to perform column detection in off-peak hours during
site deployment and then perform polarization detection using drive-test UEs to
shorten the polarization detection time. If drive-test UEs are used for polarization
detection, you are not advised to use them for other tests during the detection.
Changing the actual antenna port mapping of a cell to the optimal mapping can
improve the downlink multi-antenna performance. For UEs accessing the network,
it can increase the access success rate. For UEs performing data transmission, it
can increase the downlink throughput.
6.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
Adjusting the downtilt angles of antennas during detection will degrade basic
network KPIs by 30%.
If the antenna system is shared with LTE, adjusting the downtilt angles of
antennas will affect the network KPIs of LTE.
LTE and NR have the same requirements for antenna port mapping. The detection
results of LTE and NR can be used by each other. It is not recommended that LTE
and NR detections be performed at the same time. Simultaneous detections will
increase the LTE or NR detection failure rate. That is, the STR CRSPORTOPTDET
command on the LTE side and the STR ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command on the
NR side cannot be executed at the same time. Only after one of the detections is
completed can the other detection be performed.
The uplink peak rate of UEs selected for cable sequence detection decreases
during polarization detection. The polarization detection time is about 5 minutes
to 24 hours while the column detection time is about 15 minutes.

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Function Impacts
Intelligent carrier INTRA_GNB_MULT Energy If carrier

shutdown I_CARR_SD_SW or Conservation shutdown takes
INTER_GNB_MULT and Emission effect before
I_CARR_SD_SW Reduction antenna port
option of the detection is
NRDUCellAlgoSwi completed, the
tch.PowerSavingS detection fails.
witch parameter
Timing carrier TIMING_CARRIER_ Energy If carrier
shutdown SHUTDOWN_SW Conservation shutdown takes
option of the and Emission effect before
NRDUCellAlgoSwi Reduction antenna port
tch.PowerSavingS detection is
witch parameter completed, the
detection fails.
Symbol power NRDUCellAlgoSwi Energy The number of

saving tch.SymbolShutdo Conservation times symbol
wnSwitch and Emission power saving
Reduction takes effect
decreases during
antenna port
detection.
Deep symbol power DEEP_SYMBOL_SH Energy The number of

saving UTDOWN_SW Conservation times deep
option of the and Emission symbol power
NRDUCellAlgoSwi Reduction saving takes
tch.PowerSavingS effect decreases
witch parameter during antenna
port detection.
RF channel RF_SHUTDOWN_S Energy If channel

intelligent W option of the Conservation shutdown has
shutdown NRDUCellAlgoSwi and Emission taken effect
tch.PowerSavingS Reduction before antenna
witch parameter port detection
starts, the
detection fails.
If channel
shutdown takes
effect during
antenna port
detection, the
channel shutdown
duration is
shortened.

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DRX BASIC_DRX_SW DRX The proportion of

option of the UEs that enter the
NRDUCellUePwrS DRX sleep state
aving.NrDuCellDr for power saving
xAlgoSwitch is lowered during
parameter the antenna port
detection period.
Network slicing ADMISSION_BASE Network Slicing UEs for which

D_ON_NS_ID_SW network slice PDU
option of the sessions have
NRDUCellAlgoSwi been established
tch.NetworkSliceA will not be
lgoSwitch selected for
parameter antenna port
detection.
Inter-cell cable AntPortOptDetPo- MIMO (FDD) Antenna port

sequence detection licy parameter in detection and
the STR inter-cell cable
ANTENNAPORTO sequence
PTDET command detection cannot
set to be started at the
INTER_CELL_DETE same time. If
CT antenna port
detection is
started during
inter-cell cable
sequence
detection, there
will be a message
indicating that
cable sequence
detection is in
progress.
UL CoMP INTRA_GNB_UL_C CoMP UL CoMP is not

OMP_SW option performed for UEs
of the involved in
NRDUCellAlgoSwi antenna port
tch.CompSwitch detection. If a UE
parameter meets both UL
CoMP and
antenna port
detection
conditions, only
antenna port
detection is
performed for the
UE.

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6.3 Requirements
6.3.1 Licenses
None
6.3.2 Software
Function Function Switch Reference Description
Name
Antenna- Whether connections None None

supported and configurations are
RET control ready
Note: The antennas support remote electrical tilt (RET) control, and the RRU
ports that support RET control are correctly connected to the antenna ports. The
following provides an example for setting an antenna device number.
//Querying the device number of the RET antenna used by the cell
LST RET:;
//Querying the cabinet, subrack, and slot numbers of the RRUs used by the cell
LST RRU:;
//Binding the RET antenna to the RRUs
//(1) For an RRU (RRU 60) that does not share the antenna system with others
MOD
RETSUBUNIT:DEVICENO=0,SUBUNITNO=1,CONNCN1=0,CONNSRN1=60,CONNSN1=0,CONNPN1=R0A;
//(2) For two 4T4R RRUs (RRUs 60 and 61) that share the same antenna system
MOD
RETSUBUNIT:DEVICENO=0,SUBUNITNO=1,CONNCN1=0,CONNSRN1=60,CONNSN1=0,CONNPN1=R0A,CO
NNCN2=0,CONNSRN2=61,CONNSN2=0,CONNPN2=R0A;

None
6.3.3 Hardware
Base Station Models

with the BBU3910.
Boards
All NR-capable main control boards and NR FDD-capable baseband processing
units support this function. For details, see the BBU technical specifications in 3900
& 5900 Series Base Station Product Documentation.

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RF Modules
In addition to the RRU5501/RRU5502/RRU5502w, 4T4R RRUs and 2T2R/2T4R
RRUs that can be combined for 4T4R also support this function. For details, see
the technical specifications of RF modules in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station
Product Documentation.
Cells
Only 4H1V antennas, not 2H2V antennas, can be used. Combined RRUs are
supported but combined antennas are not supported.
Cells must be 4T4R cells, not any of the following cells:

● Cells covered by distributed antenna systems
● Combined cells
● Hyper cells
● High-speed cells
If the NRDUCellPusch.UlAdditionalDmrsPos parameter is set to POS1 for a cell,

detection can be performed. Otherwise, the DSP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET
command output shows that the scenario is not supported.
Polarization detection is suspended when the uplink PRB usage exceeds 40% in a
cell with a bandwidth of 5 MHz or when the uplink PRB usage exceeds 30% in a
cell with a bandwidth greater than 5 MHz. Polarization detection continues when
the PRB usage decreases. This avoids the impact of antenna port detection on
heavy-load cells.
6.3.4 Others
None

Table 6-1 describes the parameters used for function activation.
Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
Antenna Port AntPortOptDetPolicy in The value

Optimize Detection the STR INTRA_CELL_DETECT is
Policy ANTENNAPORTOPTDE recommended.
T command

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Antenna Port AntPortAutoRecon- For antenna port detection,

Automatic figSw in the STR turn off this switch.
Reconfigure Sw ANTENNAPORTOPTDE For reconfiguration, turn on
T command this switch.
Antenna Port AntPortMapOptDet- You are advised to set it to

Mapping Opt Det Mode in the STR COLUMN for detection
Mode ANTENNAPORTOPTDE during off-peak hours and
T command set it to POLAR for detection
during peak hours or
through drive tests.
NR DU Cell ID NrDuCellId in the STR If no NR DU cell ID is

ANTENNAPORTOPTDE specified, antenna port
T command detection or reconfiguration
is performed on the entire
base station.
If an NR DU cell ID is
specified, antenna port
detection or reconfiguration
is performed on the
specified cell.

//Starting column detection on the entire base station
STR ANTENNAPORTOPTDET: AntPortOptDetPolicy=INTRA_CELL_DETECT, AntPortAutoReconfigSw=OFF,
AntPortMapOptDetMode=COLUMN;
//Starting polarization detection on the entire base station
AntPortMapOptDetMode=POLAR;
//Starting column+polarization detection on the entire base station
AntPortMapOptDetMode=COLUMN_POLAR;
//Starting reconfiguration after the detection, which will lead to an automatic cell reset
STR ANTENNAPORTOPTDET: AntPortOptDetPolicy=INTRA_CELL_DETECT, AntPortAutoReconfigSw=ON,
NrDuCellId=100;
//Stopping the detection
STP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET: AntPortOptDetPolicy=INTRA_CELL_DETECT;
Optimization Command Examples

The antennas support RET control, and the RRU ports that support RET control are
correctly connected to the antenna ports. The following provides an example for
setting an antenna device number.
//Querying the device number of the RET antenna used by the cell
LST RET:;
//Querying the cabinet, subrack, and slot numbers of the RRUs used by the cell
LST RRU:;
//Binding the RET antenna to the RRUs
//(1) For an RRU (RRU 60) that does not share the antenna system with others

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MOD RETSUBUNIT:DEVICENO=0,SUBUNITNO=1,CONNCN1=0,CONNSRN1=60,CONNSN1=0,CONNPN1=R0A;
//(2) For two 4T4R RRUs (RRUs 60 and 61) that share the same antenna system
MOD
RETSUBUNIT:DEVICENO=0,SUBUNITNO=1,CONNCN1=0,CONNSRN1=60,CONNSN1=0,CONNPN1=R0A,CONN
CN2=0,CONNSRN2=61,CONNSN2=0,CONNPN2=R0A;

Run the DSP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command with the AntPortOptDetPolicy
parameter set to INTRA_CELL_DETECT. Query the antenna port detection status
and progress of the entire base station as well as the antenna port detection result
of each cell. If the command output shows that the detection is complete, the
function has taken effect.
The Antenna Port Mapping field displays the current mapping; for an FDD 4T4R
antenna, the value Default indicates that the mapping is 4T_0123. The Optimal
Antenna Port Mapping field displays the result of the last completed detection,
and the Latest Detection Complete Time field displays the last detection
completion time.
After a cell is reestablished, the existing detection results are retained, including
column detection, polarization detection, and optimal antenna port mapping
results. After the port mapping relationship is modified, the existing column
detection and polarization detection results are not retained, but the optimal
antenna port mapping result is retained.
After a successful column+polarization detection, the command output shows that
the detection is complete and displays the optimal antenna port mapping, column
detection time, and polarization detection time. If the next antenna port detection
fails in some cells, the Antenna Port Mapping Opt Det Result field shows that
the detection fails while the Optimal Antenna Port Mapping field displays the
previous detection result.
After a successful column detection, the command output shows that the column
detection is complete. If the polarization detection has been successfully
performed before the column detection, the command output shows that the
detection is complete and displays the optimal antenna port mapping. The
command output for polarization detection is similar to that for column detection.
The reliability of the optimal antenna port mapping can be evaluated based on
the Antenna Port Mapping Opt Det Result and Latest Detection Complete
Time fields. It is recommended that antenna port reconfiguration be performed if
the value of Antenna Port Mapping Opt Det Result is Detection Completed.

None

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 7 Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection
7 Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection
7.1 Principles
Generally, the four channels of a 4R RRU are connected to those of a four-channel
antenna, as shown in Figure 7-1.
Figure 7-1 Correct RRU connections
However, due to construction problems on the live network, an RRU channel of a

cell may be connected to a polarized antenna channel of another cell, as shown in
Figure 7-2. This connection is incorrect and also called an inter-cell cross-
connection.

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Figure 7-2 Incorrect RRU connections
The inter-cell cable sequence detection function is used to determine whether an

RRU channel of a cell is connected to an antenna channel of another cell based on
the correlation between the signals received by RRU channels in intra-base-station
cells.
The inter-cell cable sequence detection function can be used only when at least
two cells are properly activated on the same logical site. The detection results are
reliable only when there are UEs performing uplink services properly in the cells to
be checked within the detection time. The maximum detection time is 30 minutes.
To improve the effective rate of detection results in the initial phase of site
deployment, it is recommended that the detection be performed three times, 15
minutes after cell activation, for each site. The inter-cell cable sequence detection
function is enabled when the AntPortOptDetPolicy parameter in the STR
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command is set to INTER_CELL_DETECT.
After the gNodeB starts inter-cell cable sequence detection:

● If the operation is successful, Operation succeeded is displayed. In addition,
the detection progress is periodically updated. When the progress reaches
100%, the detection results are automatically displayed on the MML
command execution page.
● If the operation fails, No cell is available for the operation or The cable
connection check is in progress is displayed, depending on the cause of the
detection failure. No cell is available for the operation indicates that no cell
meets the conditions for inter-cell cable sequence detection. The cable
connection check is in progress indicates that inter-cell cable sequence
detection or antenna port detection is being performed in some cells.
The gNodeB searches intra-base-station cells for properly-activated cells that meet
detection requirements. It starts a detection only after finding out qualified cells.
During the detection, it determines whether the RRU of a cell is connected to the
antenna channels of another cell based on the signal correlation between RRU
channels. If so, there is an inter-cell cross-connection.
The gNodeB selects to-be-checked cells based on the following principles:
● The cell TX/RX mode is 4T4R or 2T4R.

● The NRDUCell.NrDuCellNetworkingMode parameter is set to
NORMAL_CELL.
● A maximum of five frequency bands are supported on a site.

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5G RAN
● A maximum of 36 cells are supported in a frequency band.

● At least two of the cells supported in a frequency band are activated, and
channel shutdown or power derating does not take effect.
● The average value of interference plus noise measured three times within 15
minutes is less than or equal to –90 dBm in to-be-checked cells.
If a cell does not meet the conditions, the subsequent inter-cell cable sequence
detection will not be performed in this cell and the corresponding error is provided
in the detection result. For details, see 7.4.2 Activation Verification.
Note: To-be-checked cells must work on the same frequency. If they work on
different frequencies in the same frequency band on a site, cells with the lowest
frequency are preferentially selected for detection.
● Inter-cell cable sequence detection results can be queried by running the DSP
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command with AntPortOptDetPolicy set to
INTER_CELL_DETECT.
● Inter-cell cable sequence detection can be stopped by running the STP
ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command with AntPortOptDetPolicy set to
INTER_CELL_DETECT.
Missing detection will occur in cells working on frequencies that are not selected.
The detection failure probability may increase or the detection results may be
unreliable in some situations.
● If most UEs are located in the overlapping area of two intra-base-station cells,
the detection failure probability increases because the signals received by the
antennas of these cells are similar.
● If cell services are abnormal or VSWR alarms are reported, the detection
results may be inaccurate.
● If the checked cells are covered by an indoor distributed antenna system
(DAS), the detection results may be inaccurate.
7.2.1 Benefits
The inter-cell cable sequence detection function enables customers to learn the
connections between RRUs and antennas without visiting sites. Customers need to
visit sites for troubleshooting only if inter-cell cross-connections are detected.
The signal correlation between RX channels is affected by many factors, such as
UE distribution, external interference, and cell service status.
In commercial scenarios, the average number of UEs in each cell must be greater
than 6 during the detection period and not all UEs are distributed in the
overlapping area of intra-base-station cells. The expected effective rate of physical
connection check results is 90%.
If no UEs are in a cell to be checked or UEs are at the edge of the cell, drive-test
UEs can be used for detection in the cell center. Specifically, move drive-test UEs
within an area that is of a line of sight (LOS) distance of 50 m to 100 m in front
of the antenna. During the test, ensure that the UEs are in RRC_CONNECTED

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mode and each cell to be checked has certain uplink services during the cable
sequence detection.
Inter-cell cross-connections can be corrected onsite to improve downlink multi-
antenna performance. For UEs accessing the network, the access success rate
increases. For UEs performing data transmission, the downlink throughput
increases.
7.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
None
Function Impacts
Intelligent carrier INTRA_GNB_MULT Energy If intelligent

shutdown I_CARR_SD_SW or Conservation carrier shutdown
INTER_GNB_MULT and Emission takes effect
I_CARR_SD_SW Reduction during inter-cell
option of the cable sequence
NRDUCellAlgoSwi detection, the
tch.PowerSavingS detection result
witch parameter will show that the
detection fails in
the corresponding
cells.
Timing carrier TIMING_CARRIER_ Energy If timing carrier

shutdown SHUTDOWN_SW Conservation shutdown takes
option of the and Emission effect during
NRDUCellAlgoSwi Reduction inter-cell cable
tch.PowerSavingS sequence
witch parameter detection, the
detection result
will show that the
detection fails in
the corresponding
cells.

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RF channel RF_SHUTDOWN_S Energy If RF channel

intelligent W option of the Conservation intelligent
shutdown NRDUCellAlgoSwi and Emission shutdown takes
tch.PowerSavingS Reduction effect during
witch parameter inter-cell cable
sequence
detection, the
detection result
will show that the
detection fails in
the corresponding
cells.
Antenna port AntPortOptDetPo- MIMO (FDD) Antenna port

detection licy parameter in detection and
the STR inter-cell cable
ANTENNAPORTO sequence
PTDET command detection cannot
set to be started at the
INTRA_CELL_DETE same time. If
CT antenna port
detection is
started during
inter-cell cable
sequence
detection, there
will be a message
indicating that
cable sequence
detection is in
progress.
7.3 Requirements
7.3.1 Licenses
None
7.3.2 Software
None

None

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5G RAN
7.3.3 Hardware
Base Station Models
with the BBU3910.
Boards
RF Modules
NR FDD-capable RRUs that have 2T4R/4T4R or have 2T2R but can be combined
for 4T4R support this function. For details, see the technical specifications of RF
modules in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product Documentation.
Cells
Combined RRUs are supported but combined antennas are not supported.
Cells must be 4R cells, not any of the following cells:
● Combined cells
● Hyper cells
If an 8T8R cell is split into two 4T4R cells, the two 4T4R cells must have different
sector coverage directions.
7.3.4 Others
None

Table 7-1 describes the parameters used for function activation.

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Antenna Port AntPortOptDetPolicy Set this parameter to

Optimize Detection parameter in the STR INTER_CELL_DETECT.
Policy ANTENNAPORTOPTDE
T command

//Performing detection on the entire base station
STR ANTENNAPORTOPTDET: AntPortOptDetPolicy=INTER_CELL_DETECT;
//Stopping detection
STP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET: AntPortOptDetPolicy=INTER_CELL_DETECT;
Optimization Command Examples

N/A

Method 1: Using MML Commands
Run the DSP ANTENNAPORTOPTDET command to query the intra-base-station

inter-cell cable sequence detection results, IDs of the NR DU cells with cross-
connections, and latest detection completion time. Table 7-2 describes the inter-
cell cable sequence detection results.
Table 7-2 Parameter values and descriptions of the inter-cell cable sequence
detection results
Parameter Value Meaning Description
CROSSED Crossed There is a cross-connection between

this cell and another cell.
CORRECT Correct There is no cross-connection between

this cell and another cell.
ERROR_SERVICE_INTE Error_Service Services of this cell are interrupted

RRUPT Interruption during the detection.
ERROR_CHANNEL_SH Error_Channel Channels of this cell are shut down

UTDOWN Shutdown during the detection.
ERROR_CHANNEL_DE Error_Channel Channel derating occurs in this cell

RATING Derating during the detection.
ERROR_INSUFFICIENT Error_Insuffici No sufficient detection data is

_DATA ent Data collected in this cell during the
detection.

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5G RAN
Parameter Value Meaning Description
ERROR_LOW_CORREL Error_Low The signal correlation between

ATION Correlation channels of this cell is too low during
the detection.
ERROR_RRSI_NO_CHA Error_No RSSI The channel RSSIs of this cell remain

NGE Change unchanged during the detection and
therefore no detection results can be
obtained.
ERROR_NO_DETECT_R Error_No Among intra-base-station intra-

ESULT Detect Result frequency cells, only this cell is
activated during the detection and
therefore the detection cannot
continue.
ERROR_EXCESSIVE_IN Error_Excessiv The interference in this cell is greater

TERFERENCE e Interference than –90 dBm. The detection accuracy
cannot be ensured, and the cable
sequence detection cannot be
performed.
ERROR_INVALID_RSSI Error_Invalid During the detection, the RSSIs of

_DATA RSSI Data some channels of this cell indicate that
signals are close to interference. The
detection accuracy cannot be ensured,
and the cable sequence detection
cannot be performed.
DETECTING Detecting Cable sequence detection is being

performed in this cell.
NOT_DETECTED Not Detected This cell is not selected for detection.
If a local cell has a cross-connection with another cell, the detection result of the
local cell is CROSSED and the Crossed NR DU Cell ID indicates the ID of the other
cell. If a cell has no cross-connection, the detection result of this cell is CORRECT.
If the detection fails due to another reason, a corresponding detection result listed
in Table 7-2 is displayed.
If an inter-cell cable sequence detection succeeds, the detection results of the
checked cells are displayed. If the next inter-cell cable sequence detection fails in
some cells, the Inter-Cell Line Sequence Detection Result field shows the
corresponding errors while the Crossed NR DU Cell ID and Latest Detection
Complete Time fields show the previous successful detection results.
After a cell is reset, deactivated, or reestablished, the previous detection result is
retained. After the RST APP command is executed in a cell, the previous detection
result is no longer retained.
Method 2: Using the MAE

On the MAE, perform Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection, set RAT Type to
gNodeB, and manually select a site or cells to be checked. After the detection is

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5G RAN
complete, click Export to download the detection result file. If the Inter-Cell Line
Sequence Detection Result field shows the detection results, see Table 7-2 for
the meaning and explanation.

None

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5G RAN
MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 8 Parameters
8 Parameters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter reference match the software
version with which this document is released.
● Node Parameter Reference: contains device and transport parameters.

● gNodeBFunction Parameter Reference: contains all parameters related to
radio access functions, including air interface management, access control,
mobility control, and radio resource management.
● 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station gNodeBFunction Used Reserved Parameter
List: contains the reserved parameters that are in use and the reserved
parameters that fall into disuse in the current R version.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference and used reserved parameter list for
the software version used on the live network from the product documentation delivered
with that version.
FAQ 1: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from

parameter reference?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of parameter reference.
Step 2 On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, FBFD-010011.
Step 3 Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
FAQ 2: How do I find the information about a certain reserved parameter

from the used reserved parameter list?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of the used reserved parameter list.
Step 2 On the Used Reserved Parameter List sheet, use the MO, Parameter ID, and BIT
columns to locate the reserved parameter. View its information, including the
meaning, values, and impacts.
----End

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5G RAN
MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 9 Counters
9 Counters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the
software version with which this document is released.
● Node Performance Counter Summary: contains device and transport counters.
● gNodeBFunction Performance Counter Summary: contains all counters related
to radio access functions, including air interface management, access control,
mobility control, and radio resource management.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used
on the live network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from

performance counter reference?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of performance counter reference.

Step 2 On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text
Filters and choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, FBFD-010011.
Step 3 Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.
----End

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5G RAN
MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 10 Glossary
10 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.

(2021-12-30)
5G RAN
MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter Description 11 Reference Documents
11 Reference Documents
● 3GPP TS 38.104: "NR; Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception"
● Technical Specifications in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product
Documentation
● Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction
● UE Power Saving
● License Management
● Scheduling
● CoMP
● High Speed Mobility
● Multi-Operator Sharing
● Cell Combination
● Cell Management
● Carrier Aggregation

(2021-12-30)

Mimo (FDD) (5g Ran6.1 - Draft A)

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MIMO (FDD) Feature Parameter

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. i

2 About This Document.............................................................................................................3

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. ii

5.1.1 SU-MIMO Basics................................................................................................................................................................ 18

6 Antenna Port Detection....................................................................................................... 26

7 Inter-Cell Cable Sequence Detection................................................................................37

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. iii

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. iv

This chapter describes changes not included in the "Parameters", "Counters",

1.1 5G RAN6.1 Draft A (2021-12-30)

Supported MIMO None FDD 3900 and 5900 series

Added the Added the FDD 3900 and 5900 series

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 1

Change Description Parameter Change RAT Base Station Model

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2

2 About This Document

2.1 General Statements

2.2 Features in This Document

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 3

Feature ID Feature Name Chapter/Section

FBFD-010003 MIMO Basic Package 4 Basic Functions

FOFD-010020 SU-MIMO Multiple Layers 5 SU-MIMO

FBFD-010025 Basic O&M Package 6 Antenna Port

2.3 Differences Between NR FDD and NR TDD

SU-MIMO None 5 SU-MIMO

Antenna port Supported only in NR FDD 6 Antenna Port

Inter-cell cable None 7 Inter-Cell Cable

2.4 Differences Between NSA and SA

Basic functions of None 4 Basic Functions

SU-MIMO None 5 SU-MIMO

Antenna port None 6 Antenna Port

Inter-cell cable None 7 Inter-Cell Cable

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 4

2.5 Differences Between High Frequency Bands and

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 5

With the rapid development of wireless communications, increasingly high

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 6

4 Basic Functions of MIMO

Figure 4-1 Principles of uplink receive diversity

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 7

4.1.2 Downlink Beamforming

Figure 4-2 Weighting

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 8

Figure 4-3 SRS-based weight calculation

Figure 4-4 PMI-based weight calculation

4.1.3 Antenna Port Mapping

Issue Draft A Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 9

RRU channels and antennas. This function is controlled by the

Antenna Port Mapping for an FDD 4T4R RRU

(A, C, D, B) 4T_0321 (0, 2, 1, 3)

(A, B, C, D) 4T_0213 (0, 1, 3, 2)

(A, B, D, C) 4T_0231 (0, 3, 1, 2)

(A, C, B, D) 4T_0123 or DEFAULT (0, 2, 3, 1)

(A, D, B, C) 4T_0132 (0, 3, 2, 1)