MACHINE DESIGN, MATERIALS AND SHOP PRACTICE

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What load in Newton must be applied to a 25 mm round steel bar 3.0 m long to stretch the bar 1.3 mm?
A. 42,056 C. 55,016
B. 52,840 D. 44,031 *

2. In the LRT II project steel railroad rails of 10 meters long are to be installed. If lowest temperature considered is 20 deg C
and a maximum temperature of 36 deg C is designed for, and the modulus of elasticity of steel to be 207,000 MPa,
determine the clearance between rails such that adjoining rail will just touch at maximum design temperature.
A. 2.34 C. 3.41
B. 2.32 D. 1.86 *

3. A steel tie rod on bridge must be made to withstand a pull of 6,000 lbs. Find the diameter of the rod assuming a factor of
safety of 5 and ultimate stress of 64,000 psi.
A. 0.705 in C. 0.809 in
B. 0.891 in D. 0.773 in *

4. A steel rod 75 inches long with a cross sectional area of 1/4 in. 2 is held vertically firm at one end while a load of 3000 lb is
suspended from the other end. If the rod stretches 0.025 inch, find the modulus of elasticity of the steel.
A. 36 x 106 psi * C. 30 x 106 psi
B. 11.5 x 10 psi
6
D. 27 x 106 psi

5. What load P which cause a total deformation of 0.036 inch of a steel rack which has a cross-section area of 4 sq. inches
and a length of 5 ft.
A. 55,000 lb C. 60,000 lb
B. 72,000 lb * D. 50,000 lb

6. A railroad track is laid at a temperature of 10 degrees F with gaps of 0.01 feet between the ends of the rails. The rails are
33 feet long. If they are prevented from buckling, what stress will result from a temperature of 110 degrees F? Coefficient
of linear expansion = 6.5 x 10-6 per degree F.
A. 10,000 psi C. 9,450 psi
B. 8,530 psi D. 10409 psi *

7. A solid transmission shaft is 4.0 inches in diameter. It is desired to replace it with a hollow shaft of the same material and
same torsional strength but its weight should only be half as much as the solid shaft. Find the outside diameter of the
hollow shaft in millimeters.
A. 107.315 mm C. 122.940 mm *
B. 112.231 mm D. 131.204 mm

8. A rectangular key was used in a pulley connected to a line shaft with a power of 8 KW at a speed of 1200 rpm. If the
shearing stress of the shaft and key are 30 N/mm2 and 240 N/mm2, respectively. What is the diameter of the shaft?
A. 22.2 mm * C. 25.8 mm
B. 21.7 mm D. 30.2mm

9. A cylinder having an internal diameter of 20 in and an external diameter of 36 in is subjected to an internal pressure of
10,000 psi and an external pressure of 2,500 psi. Determine the hoop stress at the inner surface of the cylinder.
A. 24,705.16psi C. 13,142.86 psi
B. 19,028.52psi D. 11,696.43 psi *

10. A cylindrical vessel measuring (2 ft x 5 ft) holds a gas at 3,000 psi. Using stainless steel OQT 12000, determine the
thickness of the plate with a design factor of 1.4 yield. Assume efficiency of welded joint as 85%.
A. 0.549 in * C. 1.2 in
B. 0.455 in D. 0.3 in

11. A spherical shell of 1.8 m of outside diameter and 1.725 m inside at a pressure of 10.4 MPa. Compute the stress in the
shell.
A. 124.8 MPa C. 96.48 MPa
B. 119.6 MPa * D. 88.46 Mpa
12. In a shearing machine the energy is 29,264 ft-lb, the ultimate shearing stress of the steel plate is 40,000psi, the plate
thickness is 1 inch the length of the plate which can be sheared is:
A. 7055 in C. 12.75
B. 10.55 in D. 17.56 *

13. What would be the weight of a flywheel in kg if the weight of the rim is 3 times the sum of the weight of the hub and arms.
Given the outside diameter and inside diameter to be 24 in and 18 in respectively and the rim width is 4.5 in. (assume steel
flywheel)
A. 140.95 kg C. 200.95 kg
B. 160.95 kg D. 152.95 kg *

14. A cast iron flywheel with a mean diameter of 36 inches changes speed from 300 rpm to 280 while it gives up 8000 ft-lb of
energy. What is the coefficient of fluctuation.
A. 0.069 * C. 0.082
B. 0.015 D. 0.020
15. A flange coupling is to be designed, using 25 mm diameter bolts at a distance of 152 mm from the center of the shaft.
Allowable shearing stress on the bolt is 103 MPa. If the shaft is to transmit 5,800 hp at a speed of 1,200 rpm, How many
bolts are needed in the connection?
A. 2 C. 4
B. 3 D. 5 *

16. A flange bolt coupling consist of eight steel 20 mm diameter steel bolts spaced evenly around a bolt circle 300 mm in
diameter. If the coupling is subjected to a torque of 15.1 KN-m, determine the maximum shearing stress in the bolts?
A. 40450 kPa C. 40054 kPa *
B. 63320 kPa D. 31298 kPa

17. A multiple disc clutch of 10 steel disc and 9 bronze disc. The effective outside and inside diameters are 20.32 cm and 15.24
cm, respectively. If the axial force of 540 Newton is applied and the shaft turns at 1200 rpm, find the horsepower capacity.
Assume a coefficient of friction of 0.27.
A. 39.566 hp * C. 37.458 kp
B. 40.482 hp D. 35.659 hp

18. An engine develops 40 kW at 1200 rpm, with a single plate clutch with two pairs of friction surfaces transmitting the power.
Consider the coefficient of friction to be 0.30 and mean diameter of disc to be 200 mm, determine the axial force required
to engage the clutch and transmit the power.
A. 4.832 kN C. 3.693 kN
B. 5.305 kN * D. 6.922 kN

19. A cone clutch has an angle of 10 degrees and a coefficient of friction of 0.42. Find the axial force required if the capacity of
the clutch is 7.46 kW at 500 rpm. The mean diameter of the active conical section is 300 mm.
A. 0.40332 kN C. 0.2453 kN
B. 0.3928 kN * D. 0.2384 kN

20. A band brake is installed on a drum rotating at 250 rpm, and a diameter of 900 millimeters. The angle of contact is 1.5pi
radians and one end of the brake band is fastened to a fixed pin while the other end to the brake arm 150 millimeter from
the fixed pin. The coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the straight brake arm is 1000 millimeters long and is placed
perpendicular to the diameter bisecting the angle of contact. Determine the net belt pull in kN applied at the kilowatts is
being absorbed.
A. 4.24 * C. 4.0
B. 3.90 D. 3.8

21. Find the horsepower required to drive a power screw lifting a load of 4000 lbs. A 2 and 1/2 inches double square thread
with two threads/in. is to be used. The frictional radius of the collar is 2 inches and the coefficients of friction are 0.1 for
the threads and 0.15 for the collar. The velocity of the nut is 10 ft/min.
A. 5.382 HP C. 3.683 HP
B. 4.395 HP * D. 6.472 HP

22. Determine the diameter of the stud bolt that are required to fasten down the cylinder head of a 203 mm x 304 mm gas
engine. There are ten bolts on the block. The explosion pressure is 31 kg/sq cm and studs are made of ordinary bolts
material SAE 1020. How deep should the bolt be drilled?
A. 38.1 mm * C. 37.3 mm
B. 40.2 mm D. 35.5 mm

23. A single threaded trapezoidal metric thread has a pitch of 4 mm, and a mean diameter of 18 mm. It is used as a
translation screw in conjunction with a collar having an outside diameter of 37 mm and an inside diameter of 27 mm. Find
the required torque in N-m to raise a load of 400 kg if the coefficient of friction is 0.3 for both threads and collar.
A. 34.6 N-m C. 39.1 N-m
B. 32.6 N-m * D. 38.5 N-m

24. An air compressor is driven by a 7.5 HP electric motor with a speed of 1750 rpm with standard A-60 V- belts of length 61.3
in. The pitch diameter of the small sheave is 110 mm and the larger sheave is 200 mm. Service factor is 1.2. Determine the
arc of contact.
A. 173.92 degrees C. 169.87 degrees *
B. 183.56 degrees D. 212.65 degrees

25. A pulley 610 mm in diameter transmits 40 kW at 500 RPM. The arc of contact between the belt and pulley is0.35 and the
safe working stress of the belt is 2.1 MPa. Find the tangential force at the rim of the pulley in Newton
A. 2,406 N C. 2,505 N *
B. 4,321 N D. 3.321 N

26. A sleeve bearing has an outside diameter of 1.5 in and a length of 2 in , the wall thickness is 3/16 in. The bearing is
subjected to a radial load of 450 lb. Find the bearing pressure.
A. 100 psi C. 200 psi *
B. 150 psi D. 250 psi

27. A certain farm equipment which requires 2200 Newton mater torque at 500 RPM has a diesel engine to operate at 1500
RPM as its prime mover. A No. 60 roller chain with a total length of 60 pitches and a small sprocket with 23 teeth are to be
used with an operating temperature to remain constant at 45 degree C. Determine the no. of teeth of the larger sprocket.
A. 70 C. 68
B. 79 D. 69 *
28. A 4 inches diameter shaft is driven at 3600 rpm by a 400 Hp motor. The shaft drives a 48 inches diameter chain sprocket
having an output efficiency of 85%. The output force of the driving sprocket and the output of the driven sprocket are:
A. 200 lb and 250 hp C. 291.66 lb and 340 hp *
B. 261.8 lb and 300 hp D. none of the above

29. Determine the average time to cut by automatic oxy-acetylene (machine) crosswise a 4ft. x 8 ft x 4 in thick steel plate.
A. 6.85 min. C. 10 min
B. 318 sec D. 360 sec *

30. A 76 mm solid shaft is to be replaced with a hollow shaft of equal torsional strength. Find the inside diameter and
percentage of weight saved, if the outside of the hollow shaft is 100 mm.
A. 56.53 % * C. 48.49 %
B. 67.31% D. 72.50 %

31. The pressure within cylinder of a hydraulic press is 1,000 psi. Cylinder diameter is 15 in. Determine the thickness of the
cylinder wall, allowing a tensile stress of 2,500 psi.
A. 4.20 in. * C. 3.00 in.
B. 2.56 in. D. 4.69 in.

32. A piece of stock 8” long is 3” diameter at one end and 1-1/2” diameter at the other end. The taper per inch is:
A. 1/2 ” C. 3/16” *
B. 3/4 “ D. 5/16”
33. Two spur wheels in gear transmit a power of 6.7 kW. The driver has 40 teeth of 12 mm pitch and runs at 7 rev/s, find the
force on the teeth.
A. 2.0 kN * C. 3.0 kN
B. 1.0 kN D. 4.0 kN

34. What pressure is required for punching a 1 inch by 2 inch rectangular hole in a 1/2 inch thick brass?
A. 15.5 tons C. 32.5 tons
B. 65 tons * D. 40 tons

35. What pressure is required for punching a 1-inch square hole in a 1/2 inch thick plate steel?
A. 53.33 tons * C. 32 1/2 tons
B. 40.24 tons D. 26 2/3 tons

36. Four compression coil springs in parallel support a load of 800 lbs. Each spring has a gradient of 40 lb/in. How much
deflection will result?
A. 20 in. C. 5 in. *
B. 10 in. D. 15 in.

37. The diametral pitch of a spur gear with 38 teeth and 10 inches outside diameter is
A. 3.8 C. 4 *
B. 5.2 D. 6

38. If the circular pitch of the spur gear is 0.75 in per tooth, then the clearance is
A. 0.0375 * C. 0.0735
B. 0.0654 D. 0.0564

39. The addendum of a spur gear with diametral pitch of 4 is

A. 4 pi C. pi/4
B. 1/4 * D. 4

40. A hoist with a 100 horsepower engine is capable of lifting a 10,000 lb load, a height of 20 feet in 10 seconds. What is the
efficiency of this machine?
A. 36.4 % * C. 34.6 %
B. 35.6% D. 32.7 %

41. Compute the tooth thickness of a gear tooth having a diametral pitch of 12. The gear tooth pressure angle is 14 ½ degree
full depth tooth.
A. 0.0309 in C. 0.0507 in
B. 0.1309 in * D. 0.1906 in

42. A gear set having a gear ratio of 3 is to be used at a center distance of 16 inches. If the gear has 80 teeth, what must be
the circular pitch?
A. 23.6 mm C. 29.3 mm
B. 23.9 mm * D. 32.9 mm

43. What is the power transmitted of a flat belt if the total force on the shaft where the pulley is fastened is 800 lbs and the
speed is 4500 ft/min?
A. 109.09 hp C. 54.54 hp *
B. 190.90 hp D. 45.45 hp

44. If the power transmitted of a V - belt is 60 hp and the speed is 6000 fpm, what is the total force on the shaft where the
pulley is fastened?
A. 330 lbs C. 660 lbs
 B. 495 lbs * D. 990 lbs

45. A gear set having a gear ratio of 3 is to be used at a center distance of 16 inches . If the gear has 80 teeth , what must be
the circular pitch?
A. 23.6 mm * C. 24.6 mm
B. 25.6 mm D. 26.6 mm

46. Find the tooth thickness on the tooth circle of a 20 deg. full depth involute tooth having a circular pitch of 25.5 mm and
whole depth of 20 mm.
A. 1/2 in * C. 1/3 in
B. 1/4 in D. 1/8 in

47. What is the slenderness ratio of an 80 inches long , 2 inches diameter rod if it has fixed ends ?
A. 288 C. 160 *
B. 204 D. 120

48. How many 1/4 in. diameter set screws required to transmit 6 hp at a shaft speed of 1000 rpm and shaft diameter of 1.5 in?
A. 2 C. 3
B. 4 D. 5 *

49. What is the Poisson’s ratio of the material if the young and elasticity modulus is 200 GPa and 170 GPa respectively?
A. 0.26 C. 0.36 *
B. 0.85 D. 0.52

50. What is the radius of the stress raiser of a step shaft if the notch sensitivity factor is 0.85 and the constant dependent upon
the ultimate strength is 0.004?
A. 0.12 C. 0.23 *
B. 0.34 D. 0.45

51. Choose the economical type of material for gears that give/sustain good operating quality/life for intended operation
A. plane carbon steel C. all of these
B. high alloy steel D. heat treated carbon steel *

52. In a uniformly loaded simple beam, the maximum vertical shearing force occurs
A. at the center C. at beam bottom fiber
B. at the section of maximum moment D. at either end support *

53. The path of contact in involute gears where the force/power is actually transmitted. It is a straight imaginary line passing
through the pitch point and tangent to the base circle.
A. principal reference plane C. front angle
B. pitch point D. line of action *

54. Brazing is more superior than soldering in joining metals because:

A. all of these *
B. molten metal flaws between joints because of capillary forces
C. it has slight diffusion of metal involved
D. higher melting temperature joining

55. The purpose of______is to prevent gears from jamming together and making contact on both sides of their teeth
simultaneously
A. tooth fillet C. backlash *
B. stress relieving D. all of these

56. The use of hardened steel for the mating metal gear appears to give the best results and longer operational life. The usual
hardness is in the range of-
A. over 600 BHN * C. below 350 BHN
B. 300 to 400 BHN D. over 400 BHN

57. Continuous stretching under load even if the stress is less than the yield point
A. plasticity C. creep *
B. elasticity D. ductility

58. The most known lubricants being utilized in whatever category of load and speed are oil, air, grease and dry lubricants like
A. bronze C. silicon
B. lead D. graphite *

59. A coupling that allows axial flexibility/movement in the operation. Made of alternate bolting of steel, leather, fabric and/or
plastic material into the two flanges
A. Flexible disk coupling * C. flexing Oldham coupling
B. Flexible toroidal spring coupling D. Elastic-material bonded coupling

60. It consists of two cranks, a stationary piece called the line of centers and the connecting rod is a
A. five-bar linkage C. three-crank linkage
B. four-crank braces D. four-bar linkage *

61. The effective face width of a helical gear divided by gear axial pitch
 A. approach ratio * C. Arc of recess
B. Arc of action D. Face overlap

62. Pitch diameter less the diameter of the roller chain is equal to:
A. top land C. addendum
B. bottom diameter * D. Face overlap

63. Torsional deflection is a significant consideration in the design of shaft and the limit should be in the range
of_____________degree/foot of length
A. 0.4 to 1 C. 0.08 to 1 *
B. 0.1 to 1 D. 0.6 to 1

64. The property that characterizes a material’s ability to be drawn into a wire
A. tensile strength C. endurance limit
B. ductility * D. thermal conductivity

65. Which of the phases of steel elements has a face-centered cubic structure?
A. pyrite C. all of these
B. austenite * D. cementite

66. Steel spring material is usually hardened to 400 to 500 BHN and the carbon content is in the range of____
A. 0.50 to 0.90 % * C. 0.45 to 0.48
B. all of these D. 0.96 to 0.97

67. Principal stresses occur on these plane

A. which are subjected to ultimate tension
B. which are subjected to maximum compression
C. The shearing stress is zero *
D. which are 45  apart

68. The property of material wherein the content is continuously distributed through its entire mass
A. plasticity C. homogeneity *
B. malleability D. all of these

69. The properties of metal to withstand loads without breaking down is

A. elasticity C. plasticity
B. strength * D. strain

70. Shafts readily available in the market are made in many ways and wide variety of material composition. It is likely be cold
drawn carbon steel in size smaller than __________inches diameter
A. 3.75 * C. 5
B. 4 D. 5 1/2

71. Plain carbon steel standard designation SAE________

A. 6xxx C. 10xx *
B.13xx D. 2xxx

72. The rigidity of polymer can be increased by

A. furnace melting C. crystallization *
B. normalizing D. shot opening

73. For acceptable ideal range of tightness which may result from the application of specific combination of allowances and
tolerances.
A. allowance limit C. interference
B. tolerance limit D. Fit *

74. It is required that pipes bigger than ________mm. should not be screwed but flanged
A. 76.2 C. 2 ¼ inch
B. 63.5 * D. 68.5

75. Formed by the intersection of the adjacent flanks of adjacent threads when extended is called.
A. crest apex C. sharp root *
B. all of these D. sharp crest

76. The cutting up to 70% is best for drilling extremely hard metals and for soft materials ______degrees may be applied
A. 60 C. 40 *
B. 45 D. 48

77. _________is the process necessary to reduce the brittleness in alloy steel
A. martempering C. normalizing
B. carburizing D. tempering *

78. Steel springs are made of high carbon steel heat treated and/or cold worked to a high elastic limit to get good elastic
deflection. In general the carbon content is at _________.
A. 0.40% or more C. 0.5% or more *
B. 0.65% or more D. 0.66% or more
79. In a chain drive design for large speed reduction it is preferable to use a double reduction or compound type of
transmission instead of single two sprockets transmission. Drives should type be so designed that the angle between two
tight chain strand does not exceed_____degrees.
A. 45 * C. 55
B. 60 D.90

80. The welded joints permit placing the added metal exactly where needed and produce an integral structure which can
develop_____% efficiency on any thickness of section specially for mild steel materials
A. 95% C. 100% *
B. 85% D. 90%

81. The distance between the center of oscillation and the point of suspension is called____
A. center of percussion C. radius of oscillation *
B. center of gravity D. Fix axis

82. The helical and herringbone gear teeth cut after heat treatment should have a hardness in the range of 210/300 BHN. The
pinion gear teeth hardness, on the other hand ideally/normally should be at______BHN
A. 250/320 C. 400
B. 350/380 D. 340/350 *

83. As a rule the center to center distance between sprocket should not be less than____ times the diameter of the bigger
sprocket and not less than 30 times the pitch nor more than about 50 times to pitch
A. 2.5 C. 3
B. 2 D. 1.5 *

84. A low coefficient of expansion, corrosion resistant weak in strength and used for non-ferrous application as an alloying
element
A. Aluminum * C. copper
B. copper oxide D. aluminum oxide

85. For better mounting of bearing it is preferred to heat the inner ring the range of 200  F and___ but never more
than______  F as overheating might reduce the ring hardness
A. 280 C. 300
B. 250 * D. 320

86. For large speed ratio and large sprocket utilized it is recommended cast_______ material since the large sprocket teeth are
having fewer engagement.
A. alloyed steel C. malleable iron
B. iron * D. heat treated steel

87. Roller bearing is utilized on_______carrying capacity and is better than ball bearing in this condition
A. high temperature load C. low load
B. heavy load * D. reversing load

88. To enhance mechanical properties, fabrication characteristic or any other attributes of steel, some elements are added in
melting in specific ranges or minimum aside from carbon and generally termed____
A. Bessemer steel C. AISI steel
B. Alloy steel * D. SAE steel

89. Materials having thermal expansion of about 10 times higher than those of metals and has more heat generated during
machining is____?
A. Aluminum C. Asbestos
B. Plastic * D. PVC

90. To hold to minimum the axial direction of deflection/movement, a separate thrust bearing or pre-loaded bearing capable of
absorbing considerable load is required. The type of bearing to use is a_____bearing
A. Double row angular contact * C. Tapered roller bearing
B. Wide type self-aligning D. Deep groove ball

91. To avoid scoring in the bearing surface and the shaft due to contamination/absorption of the fine dirt in the bearing during
operation/lubrication, the bearing material to apply should have good _____properties
A. corrosion resistance confermability C. embeddability *
B. corrosion resistance D. anti-scoring

92. What do impact tests measure?

A. plasticity C. ductility
B. toughness * D. compactness

93. The material that can cut/wear hardest substance subjected to:
A. carbide C. tungsten
B. abrasive * D. vanadium

94. A ridge of uniform section in the form of a helix cut around the circumference of a cylinder and advancing along the axis
A. thread roots C. screw threads *
 B. helix thread D. chamfers

95. Cast iron flywheels are commonly designed with factor of safety of
A. 10 to 13 * C. 10 to 14
B. 10 to 12 D. 8 to 13

96. Class of material exhibiting decreased electrical conductivity with increasing temperature
A. aluminum C. metals *
B. p-type semiconductors D. n-type semiconductors

97. Not part and in fact should not be used in the steel melting process
A. coke * C. zinc
B. silicon D. aluminum

98. Length of contact between two mating parts in a screw and nut threads measured axially is termed______.
A. Length of Engagement * C. Arc of contacts
B. Axis of contact D. Depth of Engagement

99. Method of finishing/shaping a machine part of exceptionally high carbon or high chromium steel parts (orveryhard material)
A. using oxygen lanching C. using abrasive grinding *
B. machining using carbine insert D. machining using high speed tool steel

100.Alloy steel used in manufacturing bolts studs tubings subjected to torsional stresses
A. AISI 3141 C. AISI4830
B. AISI 2330 * D. AISI 4310