Surds and Indices Questions for SSC CHSL PDF

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Instructions
For the following questions answer them individually

Question 1

Arranging the following in descending order, we get

3
4, 2, 6
3, 4
5

A 3
4> 4
5> 2> 6
3

B 4
5< 3
4> 6
3> 2

C 2> 6
3> 3
4> 4
5

D 6
3> 4
5> 3
4> 2
Answer: A

Explanation:
Expression :
3
4, 2, 6
3, 4
5
1 1 1 1
=4 ,2 ,3 ,5
3 2 6 4

Now, L.C.M. of the powers i.e. 3,2,4,6 = 12

Multiplying the powers by 12 in each of the numbers, we get :

= 44 , 26 , 32 , 53

= 256, 64, 9, 125

Now arranging them in descending order,

=> 256 > 125 > 64 > 9

≡ 3
4> 4
5> 2> 6
3
Question 2

Number of digits in the square root of 62478078 is:

A 4

B 5

C 6

D 3

Answer: A

Explanation:
When the number of digits in a no. is 7 or 8 , then no. of digits in square root will be 4.

62478078 has 8 digits, => Its square root has 4 digits.

Question 3
1 2 1 31
The approx value of 5 3 + 1 9 × 4 (10 + 1− 5 ) is

A 10

67
B 25

128
C 11

128
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 128
D 99

Answer: A

Explanation:
1 2 1 31
5 3 + 1 9 × 4 (10 + 1− 5 )
1 2 1 15
5 3 + 1 9 × 4 (10 + 4 )
16 11 55
3 + 9 × 16 = 9.9 ~ 10

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Question 4

Which is the largest of the following fractions ?

2 3 8 11
5 , 5 , 11 , 17

8
A 11

3
B 5

11
C 17

2
D 3

Answer: A

Explanation:
2 3 8 11
Fractions : 5 , 5 , 11 , 17

L.C.M. of 5,11,17 = 935

Now, multiplying each fraction by 935, we get :

=> 374 , 561 , 680 , 605

8
Since, among these numbers, 680 is the largest ≡ 11
8
=> 11 is the largest.

Question 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
The simplified value of 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 is

2
A 10009 7

6
B 5994 7
2
C 9999 7

D 5997

Answer: D

Explanation:
1 2 3 4 5 6
we need to find value of 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7 + 999 7
1+2+3+4+5+6
6000 − 7

21
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 21
= 6000 - 7

= 6000 - 3 = 5997

Question 6
1
If x = 6 + 2 6, then what is the value of x−1+ x−1 ?

A 2 3

B 3 2

C 2 2

D 3 3
Answer: A

Explanation:
1
We need to calculate x−1+ x−1
x−1+1 x
This equals = x−1 x−1

x − 1 = 5 + 2 6 = ( 3 + 2 )2
Therefore, x − 1 = 3 + 2
6+2 6
Hence, the required expression becomes 2+ 3
3+ 6
This equals 2 ∗ 2+ 3 =2 3

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Question 7
2 15 x+ 5 x+ 3
If x = 3 + 5 , then what is the value of x− 5 + x− 3

A 5

B 3

C 15

D 2
Answer: D

Explanation:
2 3 5
x= 3+ 5

x 2 3
5 = 3+ 5

By C-D rule,
x+ 5 3 3+ 5
x− 5 = 3 − 5 -------(1)

and
x 2 5
3 = 3+ 5

x+ 3 3 5+ 3
x− 3 = 5 − 3 -------(2)

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add (1) & (2)
x+ 5 x+ 3
x− 5 + x− 3

3 3+ 5 3 5+ 3
= 3− 5 + 5− 3

2 3 −2 5
= 3− 5

=2

so the answer is option D.

Question 8

Which value among

3
5, 4
6, 6
12, 12
276 is the largest ?

A 3
5

B 4
6

C 6
12

D 2
12
Answer: A

Explanation:
Values :
3
5, 4
6, 6
12, 12
276
Taking L.C.M. of exponents, => L.C.M.(3,4,6,12) = 12

Now, multiplying all the exponents by 12, we get :

Values : (5)4 , (6)3 , (12)2 , (276)1

= 625, 216, 144, 276

Thus, 625 ≡
3
5 is the largest.
=> Ans - (A)

Question 9

If x − y − 18 = −1 and x + y − 3 2 = 1, then what is the value of 12xy(x2 − y2 ) ?

A 0

B 1

C 512 2

D 612 2
Answer: D

Explanation:
Given : x − y − 18 = −1

=> x − y = 18 − 1 -------------(i)
Squaring both sides,

=> (x − y)2 = ( 18 − 1)2

=> x2 + y2 − 2xy = 18 + 1 − 2 18

=> x2 + y2 − 2xy = 19 − 2 18 --------------(ii)

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Also, x + y − 3 2=1
=> x + y = 18 + 1 -------------(iii)
Squaring both sides,

=> (x + y)2 = ( 18 + 1)2

=> x2 + y2 + 2xy = 18 + 1 + 2 18

=> x2 + y2 + 2xy = 19 + 2 18 --------------(iv)

Subtracting equation (ii) from (iv),

=> 4xy = 4 18

=> 12xy = 12 18 ------------(v)

Multiplying equations (i) and (iii),

=> (x − y)(x + y) = ( 18 − 1)( 18 + 1)

=> x2 − y2 = 18 − 1 = 17 -----------(vi)

Now, multiplying equations (v) and (vi), we get :

=> 12xy(x2 − y2 ) = (12 18) × 17

= 204 18 = 612 2
=> Ans - (D)

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Question 10
p r t (3p 2 +4r2 +5t2 )
If q = s = u = 5, then what is the value of [ 2+4s2+5u2) ] ?
(3q

A 1/5

B 5

C 25

D 60

Answer: B

Explanation:
p r t
Given : q = s = u = 5

=> p = 5q , r = 5s , t = 5u
2 2 2
(3p +4r +5t )
To find : [ (3q2 +4s2 +5u2 ) ]
3( 5 q)2 +4( 5 s)2 +5( 5 u)2
= 3q2 +4s2 +5u2

15q2 +20s2 +25u2

= 3q2 +4s2 +5u2
5(3q2 +4s2 +5u2 )
= 3q2 +4s2 +5u2 =5
=> Ans - (B)

Question 11
1 1
If x + [ (x+7) ] = 0, then what is the value of x − [ (x+7) ] ?

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A 3 5
B 3 5−7

C 3 5+7

D 8
Answer: B

Explanation:
1
Given : x + [ (x+7) ] = 0 -----------(i)
x2 +7x+1
=> x+7 =0
=> x2 + 7x + 1 = 0
−7± 49−4
=> x = 2

3 5 −7
=> x = 2 -----------(ii)
1
From equation (i), => (x+7) = −x ---------------(iii)
1
To find : x − [ (x+7) ]

Substituting values from equations (ii) and (iii), we get :

= x − (−x) = 2x
3 5 −7
=2× 2

=3 5−7
=> Ans - (B)

Question 12
x+ x2 −1 x− x2 −1
If x− x2 −1 + x+ x2 −1 = 194, then what is the value of x?

A 7/2

B 4

C 7

D 14

Answer: C

Explanation:
x+ x2 −1 x− x2 −1
Given : x− x2 −1 + x+ x2 −1 = 194
(x+ x2 −1 2
) +(x− ) x2 −1 2
=> (x− x2 −1 )(x+ x2 −1 ) = 194
(x2 +x2 −1+2x x2 −1 )+(x2 +x2 −1−2x x2 −1 )
=> x2 −(x2 −1) = 194
2
4x −2
=> 1 = 194
=> 4x2 = 194 + 2 = 196
196
=> x2 = 4 = 49

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=> x = 49 = 7
=> Ans - (C)

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Question 13
1
If x = 8 + 2 15, then what is the value of x+ x ?

A 2 5

B 2 3

(3 5 + 3 )
C 2

(3 3 − 5 )
D 2

Answer: C

Explanation:
Given : x = 8 + 2 15

=> x = 5 + 3 + 2 (5)(3)

=> x = ( 5)2 + ( 3)2 + 2( 5)( 3)

=> x = ( 5+ 3 )2

=> x= 5+ 3 ------------(i)
1 1
Now, x = 5+ 3

1 1 ( 5− 3)
=> x = 5+ 3 × ( 5− 3)

1 5− 3 5− 3
=> x = 5−3 = 2 -----------(ii)

Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get :

1 5− 3
=> x+ x =( 5+ 3) + ( 2 )
2 5 +2 3 + 5 − 3 3 5+ 3
= 2 = 2

=> Ans - (C)

Question 14
1 −1
1+a−1 1 a 2 +a 2 −1
What is the value of a +a 2 2
− 1+a +a 2
?

A a

1
B a

C a+1

D a−1
Answer: A

Explanation:
1 −1
1+a
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 1 −1
1+a−1 1 a 2 +a 2 −1
Expression : a +a 2 2
− 1+a +a 2

1
1+a1 a+ a
1
a+ a
=( )−( 1+a )+( a)
1+a
1+a
1+a
a
1
a
=( ) − ( 1+a ) + ( a)

1 1
= a− a + a = a

=> Ans - (A)

Question 15
5+x+ 5−x
If 5+x− 5−x = 3, then what is the value of x?

A 5/2

B 25/3

C 4

D 3

Answer: D

Explanation:
5+x+ 5−x
Expression : 5+x− 5−x =3
Rationalizing the denominator,
5+x+ 5−x 5+x+ 5−x
=> 5+x− 5−x × 5+x+ 5−x =3
[( 5+x)+( 5−x)] 2
=> ( 5+x)2 −( 5−x)2 =3
(5+x)+(5−x)+2( 5+x)( 5−x)
=> (5+x)−(5−x) =3
10+2 25−x2
=> 2x =3
=> 5 + 25 − x2 = 3x
=> 3x − 5 = 25 − x2
Squaring both sides, we get :

=> (3x − 5)2 = ( 25 − x2 )2

=> 9x2 + 25 − 30x = 25 − x2

=> 10x2 − 30x = 0

=> 10x(x − 3) = 0

=> x = 0, 3 [But x can't be zero because the denominator can't be zero]

=> Ans - (D)

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