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    Ingles

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    The document summarizes a study where 8 normal individuals were able to gain admission to psychiatric hospitals by feigning mild symptoms of mental illness. Despite behaving normally, the staff continued to diagnose them with schizophrenia. This supported the view of critics that psychiatric diagnoses are sometimes arbitrary labels rather than true indicators of mental disturbance.

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    Ingles

    Uploaded by

    k o
    48 views4 pages
    The document summarizes a study where 8 normal individuals were able to gain admission to psychiatric hospitals by feigning mild symptoms of mental illness. Despite behaving normally, the staff continued to diagnose them with schizophrenia. This supported the view of critics that psychiatric diagnoses are sometimes arbitrary labels rather than true indicators of mental disturbance.

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    The document summarizes a study where 8 normal individuals were able to gain admission to psychiatric hospitals by feigning mild symptoms of mental illness. Despite behaving normally, the staff continued to diagnose them with schizophrenia. This supported the view of critics that psychiatric diagnoses are sometimes arbitrary labels rather than true indicators of mental disturbance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    48 views4 pages

    Ingles

    Uploaded by

    k o
    The document summarizes a study where 8 normal individuals were able to gain admission to psychiatric hospitals by feigning mild symptoms of mental illness. Despite behaving normally, the staff continued to diagnose them with schizophrenia. This supported the view of critics that psychiatric diagnoses are sometimes arbitrary labels rather than true indicators of mental disturbance.

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    INGLÊS

    Read the text:


    5
    WHO’S CRAZY?

    A bizarre experiment in the United States has demonstrated that


    psychiatrists cannot distinguish effectively between people who are mentally
    10 disturbed and those who are sane.
    According to its originators, the experiment demonstrates the fallibility
    of conventional psychiatric diagnosis. It also lends considerable support to the
    position taken by radical psychiatrists like R. D. Laing, who argue that
    diagnoses of mental disease are often no more than convenient labels
    15 designed to make life easier for doctors.
    Eight perfectly normal people, by shamming symptoms of a mild kind,
    successfully gained admission to psychiatric wards where they remained
    undetected for as long as they could stand it. Once admitted, their behavior
    was normal in every way, but doctors and nurses continued to treat them as
    20 disturbed.
    In every case but one the diagnosis was schizophrenia. Once they were
    labeled as mentally ill, everything the ‘pseudopatients’ did tended to confirm
    the diagnosis in the eyes of the medical staff, though other patients in the
    hospital were much less easy to convince.
    25 The eight pseudopatients included three psychologists, a pediatrician, a
    psychiatrist, a painter and a housewife. All eight assumed false names and
    those connected with the medical profession also invented false occupation,
    so as not to attract special attention from fellow-professionals. This hospital
    chosen ranged from expensive private units to dingy publicly-run institutions.
    30 To gain admission the pseudopatients told the whole truth about their
    lives, their emotions and their personal relationships – all of which were
    within the normal range – and lied only about their names, symptoms, and in
    some cases their occupations. The symptoms they complained of were hearing
    disembodied voices saying the words ‘empty’, ‘hollow’ and ‘thud’.
    35

    40

    QUESTÃO 01

    45 The expression ‘lends considerable support to’ (line 5) means

    A) disagrees.
    B) disproves.
    C) helps to prove.
    50 D) helps for a short time.

    QUESTÃO 02

    55 According to the passage, psychiatrists like R. D. Laing think

    A) that diagnoses of mental illness are not just convenient labels.


    B) that nobody is really mad.
    C) that doctors say patients are mentally ill in order to make things more
    60 convenient for the patients.
    D) when somebody is diagnosed as having a mental illness, this often gives no
    real information about what is wrong with him.

    65 QUESTÃO 03

    The word ‘who’ (line 6) refers to

    A) psychiatrists like Laing


    70 B) doctors
    C) psychiatrists
    D) R. D. Laing
    75 QUESTÃO 04

    What does ‘shamming’(line 9) means?

    A) Pretending to have.
    80 B) Having.
    C) Catching.
    D) Discussing.

    85
    QUESTÃO 05

    In the expression ‘could stand it’(line 11), what does ‘it’ refer to?

    90 A) The physical conditions of the hospitals.


    B) The strain and unpleasantness of the situation.
    C) Admission.
    D) The pretence.

    95
    QUESTÃO 06

    The expression ‘continued to treat them as disturbed’ (line 12 and 13) means

    100 A) treated them in a strange way the whole time.


    B) went on behaving towards them as if they were mentally ill.
    C) consistently had an unusual attitude to them.
    D) gave them a difficult time.

    105
    QUESTÃO 07

    According to the fourth paragraph of the report

    110 A) the doctors and nurses regarded everything the pseudopatients did as mad.
    B) the pseudopatients’ mad behavior in hospital fooled the doctors.
    C) the pseudopatients did a great effort to imitate the behavior of real mental
    patients.
    D) schizophrenics and normal people behave in the same way.
    115

    QUESTÃO 08

    Why did some of the experimenters give false occupations?


    120
    A) Because they were doctors themselves, and they didn’t want to be treated
    differently from normal patients.
    B) Because this is a symptom of schizophrenia.
    C) Because they wanted to hide their true personalities.
    125 D) Because they didn’t want to threat the other patients.

    QUESTÃO 09
    130
    What is meant by ‘pseudopatients’?

    A) A special category of patients.


    B) People pretending to be patients.
    135 C) Real patients.
    D) Mental patients.

    QUESTÃO 10

    140 How did the experimenters manage to get admitted to mental hospitals?

    A) By saying that they heard voices saying words.


    B) By telling the whole truth about their emotional problems.
    C) By telling lies about their occupations and names.
    145 D) By imitating schizophrenic behavior.

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