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    Notes - Social-Psychology

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    Avelino Jr. E. Frondozo
    Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to one another. Some key topics in social psychology include social perception, attribution theory, attribution biases, persuasion, prejudice, and group behavior. Social perception refers to how people form impressions of others based on available information. Attribution theory explores how people explain their own and others' behaviors in terms of internal or external factors. Common attribution biases include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias.

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    Notes - Social-Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Avelino Jr. E. Frondozo
    58 views3 pages
    Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to one another. Some key topics in social psychology include social perception, attribution theory, attribution biases, persuasion, prejudice, and group behavior. Social perception refers to how people form impressions of others based on available information. Attribution theory explores how people explain their own and others' behaviors in terms of internal or external factors. Common attribution biases include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias.

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    NOTES - SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGY

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    Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to one another. Some key topics in social psychology include social perception, attribution theory, attribution biases, persuasion, prejudice, and group behavior. Social perception refers to how people form impressions of others based on available information. Attribution theory explores how people explain their own and others' behaviors in terms of internal or external factors. Common attribution biases include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    58 views3 pages

    Notes - Social-Psychology

    Uploaded by

    Avelino Jr. E. Frondozo
    Social psychology is the study of how individuals perceive, influence, and relate to one another. Some key topics in social psychology include social perception, attribution theory, attribution biases, persuasion, prejudice, and group behavior. Social perception refers to how people form impressions of others based on available information. Attribution theory explores how people explain their own and others' behaviors in terms of internal or external factors. Common attribution biases include the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias.

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    SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

    Social Psychology
     Study of how individuals, perceive, influence, & relate to others
     Explain the nature/reason why we behave in certain situations
     We influence others as they influence us
     Attempt to understand & explain how the thoughts, feelings, & behaviors of
    individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
     Gordon Allport - Social influence is experienced despite the lack of an
    imposed influence from people. Implied social influence from people.

    Social Perception
     Process through which individuals use available individuals use available
    information to form impressions of other people.
     Rosenhan experiment - 8 Pseudo patients pretended to have psychological
    disorders in order for the information to not be altered.
     Changed their name and added that they have auditory hallucinations
     Diagnosed with Schizophrenia
     Still assessed with Schizophrenia in remission
     People still didn’t believe that they were free from the mental illness
     Out of 193, 41 were fake when Rosenhan sent no fakes
    Attribution Theory
     Explores how individuals explain the causes of their own & others’ behaviors.
     Internal attributions- emphasize dispositional or personality-based
    explanations.
     Reasons is from the person itself
     External attributions- Emphasize situational factors
     Anything that is outside the person

    Attribution Biases and Errors

     Fundamental Attribution Error


     Tendency to overemphasize internal factors as explanations for the behavior
    of other people & do the opposite when explaining own behavior.
     Actor-Observer Bias
     Self-Serving Bias
     Tendency of individuals to make internal attributions when their actions have
    a positive outcome but external attributions when their actions have a
    negative outcome.
     Positive - Internal
     Negative - External
     Just-World Hypothesis
     Belief that people get the outcomes they deserve.
     Pseudo victim blaming
     Persuasion
     An active method of influence that attempts to guide people toward adopting
    an attitude, idea, or behavior.
     Central Route - requires the audience to evaluate the merits of a
    message.
     Used by highly motivated
     Uses critical thinking
     Peripheral Route - does not involve critically analyzing the message
     Low motivation
     Direct acceptance and rejection of an idea
     Dual Process Model -
     Prejudice
     Refers to usually negative evaluation of another person or group based on
    their perceived characteristics.
     Group Behavior
     Refers to the way people behave in large-group or small-group
     Groupthink
     Phenomenon that occurs when people’s desire to maintain group
    loyalty becomes more important than making the best choices.
     Sort of but nor really conformity
     Groupshift
     Phenomenon in which the initial position of an individuals within
    the group changes to adopt a more extreme position due to the
    influence of the group.
     From racist to racist plus ultraaaaaaaa because of a group of people
    who share the same beliefs
     Obedience
     Form of social influence that involves performing an action unde the
    orders of an authoritative figure
     Follows an authoritative figure
     Stanley Milgram’s Experiment
     Yale University
     Confederate shocks a pseudo victim who is just acting that
    they are shocked
     Philip Zimbarado’s Stanford Prison Experiment
     Stanford University
     Mock prison
     Students acted as prison guards as prisoners
     Conformity
     Change in behaviour or belief as a result of real or imagined group
    pressure
     Conform to norms
     Normative influence - conformity based on one’s desire to fulfill
    others’ expectations & gain acceptance.
     Informational influence - conformity under acceptance of evidence
    about reality which has been provided by others.
     Solomon Asch’s Experiment
     32% conformed to the majority’s answer
     Jenness’ Bean Jar Experiment
     People conform to what they hear
     Compliance
     Refers to an individual’s acquiescence in response to a reques
     Gives in to request
     Foot-in-door Technique - two-step compliance procedure in which a
    minor initial request is presented immediately before a more
    substantial target request
     Door-in-face technique- two-step compliance procedure in which an
    extreme initial request is presented immediately before a moderate
    target request.
     Low-ball Technique- a compliance procedure in which obtaining
    agreement first to a request & then revealing the hidden cost of this
    request

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