UNIT 6: SAVING OUR PLANET

VOCABULARY: Environment· Recycling

GRAMMAR: Reported speech· Reporting verbs
SPEAKING: Reporting what people said· Reporting a conversation ·
Conducting a survey
WRITING: A travel post
INDEX

OBJECTIVES 4
VOCABULARY 5
Environmental 5
GRAMMAR 6
Reported statements 6
1.1 Statements 6
1.2 Reported questions 9
1.3 Reported orders 10
1.4 Reported suggestions 11
1.5 Reporting verbs 12
READING 13
Here comes the sun! 13

READING 13
Cleaning up the sea 13

VOCABULARY 14
City recycling 14

CLIL ENVIRONMENT 15
Galápagos, A Remote Paradise 15

EXTRA PRACTICE 16
OBJECTIVES

● Learn vocabulary about environment and recycling.

● Practise using Reported Speech.
● Practise using reporting verbs.
● Practise using connectors of addition.
● Read a special interest report and a text related to the
environment.
● Listen to and understand a radio interview and a survey.
● Report what people said
VOCABULARY

Environmental

● Dump: llençar - Landfills: abocador

● Bury: enterrar - Decompose: descompondre

● Natural resources: recurs naturals

● Disposable products: producte d’un sol ús - Polluting:

contaminar

● Cutting down: talar - Global warming: escalfament global

● Energy resources: font d’energia - Renewable: renovable

● Endangering: posar en perill - Wildlife: flora i fauna - End

up: acabar

2.

a) animals in their natural environment: wildlife

Animals al seu hàbitat natural: flora i fauna

b) places where authorities leave rubbish: landfills

lloc on les autoritat deixen la basura: abocador

 c) the phenomenon of rising temperatures all over the world: global
warming

el fenomen de l’augment de la temperatura a tot el món:

escalfament global

d) materials that are not made by man, such as water, air, iron:
natural resources

materials que no són fabricats per l’home, com l’aigua, aire, ferro,
etc.: recursos naturals.

e) throw away carelessly: dump

llençar de qualsevol manera: llençar

GRAMMAR

Reported statements

1.1 Statements

Expressa sempre coses en passat, es a dir, els temps verbals sempre

hauran d’anar sempre un temps atras.
El que més s’ha de tenir en compte és el verb, subjecte i referents de lloc
i temps. Els verbs més usats són el say (said) o tell (told) i la conjugació
that.

J: They are good students.

Jorge said that they were good students.
J: I will visit you tomorrow
Jane said that she would visit me the next day.

J: Maik arrived here yesterday at nine o’clock

● Jane said that Mike had arrived thear the day before.and
report a conversation.
● Write a travel post.

Estil directe Estil indirecte

Present Simple Past Simple

“They are good students”, Jorge Jorge said that they were good
said. students.
“I always recycle newspapers”, Beth said that she always recycled
Beth said. newspapers.
(was,were)
*Accions completes al passat

Present Continuous Past Continuous

“She is dumping litter on the
street”, Paul said. Paul said that she was dumping
litter on the street.

Past Simple Past Perfect Simple

“We talked about wildlife,” Tom Tom said that they had talked
said. about wildlife. (En Tom va dir que
havien parlat sobre la flora i la
fauna.)

Present perfect simple Past perfect Simple

“I have collected 2,000 cans,” the The boy said that he had
boy said. collected 2,000 cans. (El noi va dir
que havia recollit 2.000 llaunes.)

Will Would

“I will separate my waste,” Jane Jane said that she would

said. separate her waste. (La Jane va
dir que separaria la seva brossa.)

Can Could

“You can buy green products,” the The teacher said that we could by
teacher said. green products. (La professora va
dir que podíem comprar
productes ecològics.)

Must Had to

“We must protect the Dad said that we had to protect

environment,” Dad said. the environment. (El pare va dir
que havíem de protegir el medi
ambient.)

● Now ● Then

● Today / Tonight ● The day / that night

● Tomorrow ● The next day

● Yesterday ● The previous day

● Last night ● The previous night

● Next week ● The following week

 ● Last week ● The previous week

● A month ago ● A month before

● Here ● There

● This / These ● That / Those

● My ● His / her

● Quant la frase anuncia veritats generals no es canvia el temps

verbal

People don’t take enough care of the environment, she said.

She said that people don’t take enough care of the environment.
(Va dir que la gent no té prou cura del medi ambient.)

● Els canvis també afecten a les expressions de temps i lloc, els

demostratius i possessius.

1.2 Reported questions

Hi ha dos tipus de preguntes:

- Question world; començen amb what, who, where, when, why,

whose, etc. A l’hora de canviar la frase es posa ask en passat
(asked) , en lloc de la conjunció if o whether. No és posa ni signe
d’interrogació ni comes.

“What are you doing to save water?” Jon said.

 Jon asked what I was doing to save water. (En Jon va preguntar
què estava fent per estalviar aigua.)

“Where are you live?” Ona said

Ona asked me where I lived

- Les Yes / No questions: al canviar-les s’utilitza el verb ask en

passat (asked) i la conjunció if o whether.

“Do you recycle?” she said.

She asked if /whether we recycled.

“Do you live in Ulldecona?” Ona said.

Ona asked if I lived in Ulldecona.

1.3 Reported orders

S’acostuma a posar el verb order o tell i el verb va acompanyat amb to.
Per a peticions es pot fer servir el ask, per a un oferiment el verb offer,
sempre acompanyat amb to.
A l’estil directe s’acostuma a fer servir please pero a l’indirecte es fa
servir el verb ask.

“Be careful!” he said

He told me to be careful. (Em va dir que anés amb compte.)

“Please take the cans to the recycling bin”, she said

She asked me to take the cans to the recycling bin.. (Em va demanar que
portés les llaunes al contenidor de reciclatge.)
“ I’ll help you with your recycling project”, she said.

She offered to help me with my recycling project. (Es va oferir a

ajudar-me amb el projecte sobre reciclatge.)

❏ Negativa (not + to)

“Please don’t throw rubbish on the ground”, he said.

He asked me not to throw rubbish on the ground. (Em va demanar que

no llencés brossa al terra.)

“Don’t talk in class”

The teacher said not to talk in class.

1.4 Reported suggestions

Als suggeriments s’acostuma a posar el verbs suggest o recommend en

passat i després diem el que es va suggerir. També és pot fer servir
advise per donar consell i invite per fer una invitació. Es pot passar de
dues maneres a l’estil indirecte:

● Introduir amb that amb subjecte i verb forma base.

“You should use energy-saving light bulbs,” he said.

He suggested that I use energy-saving light bulb. (Va suggerir que

utilitzés bombetes de baix consum.)

● No s’especifica cap subjecte

 “Let’s buy green products,”she said.

She suggested buying green products. (Ella va sugerir que

compréssim productes ecològics.)

1.5 Reporting verbs

Els verbs més utilitzats són say i tell amb l conjunció that. El verb tell no
va amb to i el say sí.
- tell + complement indirecte + that
- say + to + complement indirecte + that

“ I turned off the tap,” he said.

He told me / said (to me) (that) he had turned off the tap. (Em va
dir que havia de tancat l’aixeta.)

Els verbs say i tell són neutres perquè no reflecteixen el to. Si és

vol fer servir el to hi ha altres reporting verbs:
- Afirmacions: explain, announce, add, admit, promise, answer,
apologise
- Ordres: ask, want to know, wonder, enquire, request
- Súpliques: ask, beg
- Oferiments: offer
- Suggeriments: suggest, advise, recommend, invite

“I arrived late,” he said.

He admitted that he had arrived late.(Va admetre que havia
arribat tard.)

“Stop shouting!” she said.

She ordered me to stop shouting. (Em va ordenar que deixés
de cridar.)
 “Drive safely,” he said.
He begged me to drive safely. (Em va suplicar que conduís
amb compte.)

*Wonder: preguntar-se
* Warned: advertir

READING

Here comes the sun!

● Complained: queixar-se - Photovoltaic: fotovoltaic

● Roof: teulada -Sunlight: llum solar
● Surface: superficie

READING

Cleaning up the sea

● Unpleasant: desagradable - Landfills: llacs

● Gyres: gir - Barriers: barrera
● Within: dins de
VOCABULARY

City recycling

● Paper: paper -Cardboard: cartró -Cartons: capsa de

pizza o pareguts
● Plastic: plàstic -Containers: envasos -Metal: metall
● Wood: fusta -Cans: envasos de refrescos -Tins: llaunes
d’atún, per exemple
● Peel: pell de fruites i verdures -Shells: crosta (ou, fruits
secs,marisc, etc.) -Cloth: roba
● Cotton: cotó -Wool: llana -Leather: pell -Tin:
llauna
● Jar: flascó

2.

a) This material comes from the hair of a sheep. Cotton

Aquest material prové del pèl d’ovella. Llana

b) This is a type of container in which water and other drinks are often
sold. Bottle
Es un tipus de recipient on es ven l’aigua i altre begudes. Botella

c) This material comes from a tree and people write on it. Paper
Este material prové de l'arbre i la gent escriu en ell. Paper

d) This is hard outer part of a nut. Shell

Esta es la part exterior dura d’una nou. Càscara

e) Silver and gold are types of this hard metal. Metal

La plata i l’or son tipus de aquest metall dur. Metall

f) This is the outer part of a fruit. Peel

Esta es la part exterior d’una fuita. Pell
3.

a) Expensive boots and belts are sometimes made from leather.

Les botes i els cinturons costosos, de vegades es fabriquen amb pell.

b) Pizza is usually delivered in a carton which is made of cardboard

La pizza es sol portar en una caixa feta de cartró.

c) A window is usually made of glass, but sometimes it’s made of plastic.

Les finestres es solen fer de vidre, però de vegades es fan amb plàstic.

d) Wood comes from a tree and is used to make things like chairs and
tables.
La fusta ve dels arbres i es fa servir per fer cadires i taules.

e) This soft white material is called wool and it is often turned into cloth.
Aquest suau material blanc s’anomena llana i sovint es converteix en
tela.

CLIL ENVIRONMENT

Galápagos, A Remote Paradise

● Within: dins de -Themselves: ells mateixos

● Sailors: mariner -Goats: cabra
● Budget: pressupost
FUNCTIONAL LANGUAGE
a) I sometime recycle tins and cans
De vegades reciclo llaunes.

1. What kinds of things do you recycle?

Quin tipus de coses recicles?
3. Is there anything else you recycle?
Hi ha alguna cosa més que recicles?

b) Yes, I guess I should recycle plastic containers, too.

Sí, suposo que també hauria de reciclar els envasos de plàstic.

6. Do you think you could do more for the environment?

Creus que es podria fer més pel medi ambient?

c) Newspapers and empty bottles.

Diaris i ampolles buides.

1. What kinds of things do you recycle?

Quin tipus de coses recicleu?
3. Is there anything else you recycle?
Hi ha alguna cosa més que recicleu?

d) I recycle the plastic ones

Reciclo les de plàstic

2. What do you with your empty bottles?

Què fas amb les ampolles buides?

e) About 20 metres.
Uns 20 metres

4. How far do you have to go to the nearest recycling bins?

Que tant lluny heu d’anar als contenidors de reciclatge més propers?

f) Yes, as long as it’s not too much of a difference in price

Sí, sempre que la diferència de preu no sigui molt.

5. Are you willing to pay a little more for green products?

Esteu disposat a pagar una mica més pels productes ecològics?
WRITING

A travel post
In a travel post, we write about a place we visited and explain why we visited it.
We also present information about the place and about the place and about
things to see and do there. Then we give a recommendation.

CONNECTORS OF ADDITION

When writing a travel post, we often use connectors of addition such as also, in
addition, moreover, furthermore, besides and as well as too add information
about the place.

The city centre was full of rubbish. Furthermore, the river was polluted.

London has got a very efficient underground train system as well as an

excellent bus service.

The hotel uses solar panels and it also recycles its water.

Besides its beautiful lakes, the city has got several canals.

EXTRA PRACTICE

1. https://drive.google.com/file/d/10hpOKZbG4PnB6Gv5vQKO6rqFmUNaCC
2I/view?usp=sharing
2. https://drive.google.com/file/d/10gzMTPxPVTHrCHezy3XOxw9DR_3JOhcI
/view?usp=sharing