Officer Second Paper 1.2

By Dijan Bhattarai
!= zf;gsf] kl/ro lbb}+ nf]stflGqs zf;gsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftfx? n]Vg'xf]; . %±% Ö!)
zf;gsf] kl/ro / nf]stflGqs zf;gsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftf
!= zf;gsf] kl/ro
zf;g eg]sf] /fHo ;~rfngdf cfj4 lalw, k4lt, ;+:yf / ;+oGqaLrsf] cGt/;DaGwfTds
k|0ffnL xf] . klxn] ;/sf/sf] ;dfgfyL{ cy{df a'e\mg] ul/Psf] zf;gnfO{ clxn] :yfgLo, /fli6«o
Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o ;a} txx?df ;fj{hlgs tyf lghL If]qsf] Jojl:yt k|aGwsf nflu k|of]u ul/g]
;+/rgf / k|lqmofx?sf] Ps hl6ntd ;+oGqsf ?kdf lng] ul/G5 .
/fHo k|0ffnLdf lgodg, Joj:yfkg, hgtfsf] kl/rfng / ;]jf k|jfxdf cfj4 lalw, k4lt,
;+:yf / ;+oGqaLr cGt/;DaGwsf] ;dli6 g} zf;g xf] .
d'n'ssf] cfly{s–;fdflhs ljsf;, ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfx, gful/s clwsf/sf] /Iff /
;fdflhs zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod ug{sf nflu :yfgLo, /fli6«o, If]qLo Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o :t/df
;/sf/, lghL If]q / gful/s ;dfh;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ul/g] ;a} lqmofsnfkx? / ltgsf nflu
k|of]u ul/g] ;+/rgf / ;+oGqx? g} ;du|df zf;g xf] .
;du|df zf;g eg]sf]M,
• /fHo ;~rfng÷Joj:yfkgsf] ;du| ljlw, k|lqmof / ;+/rgf,
• gful/sx?sf OR5fx? cleJoQm ug]{, clwsf/x?sf] cEof; ug]{ / st{Jo tyf bfloTjx?
lgjf{x u/fpg] dfWod jf ;+oGq,
• ;fj{hlgs dfdnfx?sf] Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg ;a} ;+/rgf, kfq / sfo{x?sf] ;dli6,
• /fHo k|d'v kfqsf ?kdf /xL lghL If]q, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / gful/s ;dfh;Fusf]
;xsfo{ / ;fem]bf/Ldf sfo{ ug]{ k4lt,
@= nf]stflGqs zf;gsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftfx?
nf]stflGqs zf;gsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftfx?nfO{ b]xfo cg';f/ k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 M
• j}Btf / j}wflgstfdf cfwfl/t
Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

By Dijan Bhattarai
• gful/s ;jf{]Rrtf / gful/s clwsf/sf] :yfkgf

• nf]stflGqs d"No dfGotfdf cfwfl/t / k|ltlglwTj k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf
• sfg'gsf] zf;g tyf sfg'g / k|lqmofsf] canDag
• lgoGq0ffTds zlQm jf /fHo zlQmsf] k|of]u
• hgdtsf] dxTj
• ax' tx tyf ax' If]qdf ax' kfqx?sf] ;+nUgtf / ax'kIfLo ;DaGw
• ;/sf/sf] d'Vo e"ldsf / ;xhstf{sf] ?kdf ;/sf/
• j[xQ / hl6n
• ;dGoflos, ;dfj]lztf / ;xeflutfd"ns sfo{z}nL
• jftf{ tyf ;Demf}tfdf cfwfl/t lg0f{o k|lqmof
• kf/blz{tf, pQ/bfloTj, g}ltstf, ;bfrfl/tf tyf ;'zf;gdf cfwfl/t sfo{k4lt
• lg/Gt/ k|0ffnL
#= lgisif{
;fj{hlgs p2]Zo xfl;n ug{ lgodx?sf] ljsf; ug]{, nfu" ug]{ / kl/kfngf u/fpg] sfo{ g} zf;g xf]
. cfw'lgs zf;sLo k|aGwdf lgoGq0ffTds zlQmdfq k|wfg geO nf]stflGqs k|0ffnLnfO{ k|wfgtf
lbOG5 . To;}n] dfly pNn]lvt ljz]iftfsf cltl/Qm /fHo k|0ffnL tyf hgtfnfO{ ;an agfpg
hgsNof0fsf ;fy} ;'zf;gdf cfwfl/t zf;gsf ljz]iftfx? g} nf]stflGqs zf;gsf ljz]iftfsf ?kdf
/xG5g\ .

By Dijan Bhattarai
;Defljt k|Zgx?
@= ;/sf/ / zf;gaLrsf] leGgtf k|:t't ub{} zf;gsf cfwf/e"t kIfx?
n]Vg'xf]; . %±% Ö!)
;/sf/ / zf;gaLrsf] leGgtf
;/sf/ (Government) zf;g (Governance)
lglZrt ;dodf zlQmdf /x]sf] ;d"x . ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof, kfq / ;+:yfx?sf]

;dli6ut cGt/;DaGw .
zf;g ;~rfngsf] pk/L ;+/rgf cGo kfqx?;Fusf] ;dGjo / ;xof]udf
(Superstructure) . sfo{ u/]sf] cj:yf (Functioning) .
/fHo;Fu ;DalGwt :ki6 kl/eflift /fHo tyf u}/ /fHoLo w]/} kfqx? .
kfqx? .
;fj{hlgs If]qsf] k|zf;gnfO{ dfq ;fj{hlgs tyf gLlt b'a} If]qnfO{
;d]6\5 . ;d]6\5 .
Top-down linear model. Multi-layer network model.
s7f]/ cf}krfl/s ;+:yf tyf sfo{ljlw . kl/jt{gzLn nrs ;+:yf tyf sfo{ljlw
.
lg0f{o lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;xeflutf, jftf{ tyf ;Demf}tf /
lgod, cfb]z, lgoGq0f / ansf] k|of]u ;xdtLo k4ltsf] k|of]u .
.

By Dijan Bhattarai
zf;gsf cfwf/e"t kIfx?

!= /fHo tyf /fhg}lts ;Qf (State and Political Regime)
@= lalw tyf k|lqmof (Process)
#= zf;sLo ;+/rgf tyf ;/sf/sf c+ux? (Structure)
$= af]w tyf d"No (Cognition and values)
%= ;+ljwfg tyf sfg'g (Constitution and Law)
^= ;+:yf tyf ;+u7gx? (Institutions and Organizations)
&= Joj:yfkg / sfo{;Dkfbg (Management and
Performance)
*= gLlt (Policy)
(= cGt/f{li6o jf ljZjJofkLs/0fsf ;DaGw tyf zlQmx?
(International or Globalization Forces)
!)= g}ltstf, pQ/bfloTj / kf/blz{tf (Integrity,
Accountability, and Transparency)
!!= ax'kfq ;dGjo / ;xeflutf tyf gful/s ;+nUgtf
(Participation and Citizen Engagement)
!@= zflGt ;'/Iff tyf lgoGq0fsf/L zlQm - Control Power)
!#= >f]t ;fwgsf] kl/rfng -Mobilazation of resource _

By Dijan Bhattarai
#= zf;gsf] cjwf/0ffdf kl/jt{g Nofpg] ;Gbe{x? s] s] x'g < ;fy} zf;gsf

gjLgtd :j?ksf] rrf{ ug{'xf]; . %±%Ö!)
zf;gsf] cjwf/0ffdf kl/jt{g Nofpg] ;Gbe{x?
➢ cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f
➢ lghLs/0f
➢ ljZjJofkLs/0f
➢ cGt/fli6o ;+:yf ;+u7g ljsf; / lj:tf/
➢ lghL If]q / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] pbo
➢ ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nLdfly hgtfsf] ck]Iff
➢ k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / k|of]u
zf;gsf gjLgtd :j?kx?

• hgpQ/bfoL zf;g
• kf/bzL{ / v'nf zf;g
• /fhgLlts VS cfly{s zf;g
• ax':t/Lo zf;g
• ;'zf;g
• gofF ;fj{hlgs zf;g M nf]stGq / bIftf, s/f/, ;bfrf/,
;fd'lxstfjfb, ax's]lGb|t ;/sf/, lg0f{odf ;xeflutf, ;fd'lxstf
• ;x zf;g Mhgtf;Fusf] ;xsfof{Tds lalwdf zf;g
• Smart Goverance (lean, thin but strong)
$= zf;gsf] ;Gbe{nfO{ l;+xfjnf]sg ub}{ jt{dfg ;Gbe{df zf;g ;~rfngsf

cfwf/e"t dfGotfx? n]Vg'xf]; . %±%Ö!)
zf;gsf] ;Gbe{

By Dijan Bhattarai
 sl/j % xhf/ jif{k"j{ ;'? ePsf] zf;gn] tt\sfnLg ;dfh Joj:yfnfO{

Jojl:yt agfpg] / dfgh cl:tTjnfO{ hf]ufO{ /fVg] p2]Zo /fv]sf] lyof] .
 k|flrg /f]dg ;fd|fHosf] pbo;Fu} /fhtGq, ;]gf / rr{h:tf s]lGb|s[t
sd{rf/LtGqLo ;+:yfdfkm{t zf;g ug{ yflnof] . k|lt/Iff, /fHosf] lj:tf/ /
zflGt tyf Joj:yf zf;gsf d'Vo sfo{ eP .
 rf}yf] ztfAbL kZrft sfnf] o'udf wd{ / kfb/Lx?n] cGwljZjf; / b]jtfsf
gfddf zf;g rnfP .
 c7f/f} ztfAbLsf] pQ/f4{df cf}Bf]lus qmflGtsf] ljsf;;Fu} k|lt:kwf{Tds
ahf/, cfTdlxt / v'nf gLltn] zf;g k|0ffnLdf k|>o kfP .
 ;g\ !(#) kl5 lslG;og cy{zf:qsf] cjwf/0ff kZrft sNof0fsf/L /fHo /
ljsf; k|zf;gn] zf;gdf /fHosf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;jn / lj:tfl/t agfof] .
 bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf] ;dfKtL / pklgj]zjfbsf] cGTokl5 /fli6«o /fHodf s]lGb|t
zf;sLo zlQm / clwsf/ dflytkm{ If]qLo / cGt/f{li6o txdf / tntk{m
:yfgLo txdf x:tfGt/0f eP/ ax':t/Lo zf;gsf] ;'?jft eof] .
 ;g\ !(*) sf] bzssf] cGTolt/ cfly{s pbf/Ls/0fsf] ljsf; ePkl5
cGt/f{li6o bft[ lgsfox?n] ljsf;zLn d'n'sx?sf] zf;sLo k|0ffnLdf
;'wf/ ul/g' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbP .
 ;g\ !(() sf] bzs kZrft zf;gdf nf]stfGqLs/0f, pbf/Ls/0f, gful/s
;dfhsf] e"ldsfdf clej[l4, ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf ;xhstf{sf] ?kdf /xL lghL
If]q / u}/ ;/sf/L If]qsf] e"ldsfdf clej[l4, ;'zf;g, hjfkmb]xL zf;g,
;xsfl/tfd"ns zf;gsf] ;'?jft eO{ zf;sLo sfo{s'zntf / k|efjsf/Ltf
clej[l4 ug{df hf]8 lbof] .
jt{dfg ;Gbe{df zf;g ;~rfngsf cfwf/e"t dfGotf
jt{dfg ;Gbe{

By Dijan Bhattarai
cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f, lghLs/0f, ljZjJofkLs/0f, cGt/fli6o ;+:yf ;+u7g

ljsf; / lj:tf/, lghL If]q / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] pbo, ;/sf/sf]
sfo{z}nLdfly hgtfsf] ck]Iff, k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / k|of]u
cfwf/e"t dfGotfx?
• zlQm k[ysLs/0f, lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ngsf] l;4fGtsf] canDag
• gful/s ;jf{]Rrtf
• sfg'gsf] zf;g
• pbf/Ls/0f
• l;ldt ;/sf/ / nf]stflGqs d"No dfGotf
• ;+a}wflgs ;jf{}Rrtf
• ljs]Gb|Ls/0f
• ax':t/Lo / ax'kIfLo zf;g

Officer Second Paper 1.2

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By Dijan Bhattarai

zf;gsf] kl/ro / nf]stflGqs zf;gsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftf

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

• gful/s ;jf{]Rrtf / gful/s clwsf/sf] :yfkgf

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

;/sf/ (Government) zf;g (Governance)

lglZrt ;dodf zlQmdf /x]sf] ;d"x . ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof, kfq / ;+:yfx?sf]

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

zf;gsf cfwf/e"t kIfx?

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

#= zf;gsf] cjwf/0ffdf kl/jt{g Nofpg] ;Gbe{x? s] s] x'g < ;fy} zf;gsf

zf;gsf gjLgtd :j?kx?

$= zf;gsf] ;Gbe{nfO{ l;+xfjnf]sg ub}{ jt{dfg ;Gbe{df zf;g ;~rfngsf

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

 sl/j % xhf/ jif{k"j{ ;'? ePsf] zf;gn] tt\sfnLg ;dfh Joj:yfnfO{

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f, lghLs/0f, ljZjJofkLs/0f, cGt/fli6o ;+:yf ;+u7g

Edusoft Academy – 01 590 1590, 9840221223, 9851138082 http://www.edusoftacademy.com/

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