Discrete-Mathematics - UNIT-5
Discrete-Mathematics - UNIT-5
Discrete-Mathematics - UNIT-5
Ex: Show that set of all real numbers ‘R’ is not a group with respect
to multiplication.
Solution: We have 0 R .
The multiplicative inverse of 0 does not exist.
Hence. R is not a group.
Example
Ex. Let (Z, *) be an algebraic structure, where Z is the set of integers
and the operation * is defined by n * m = maximum of (n, m).
Show that (Z, *) is a semi group.
Is (Z, *) a monoid ?. Justify your answer.
Solution: Let a , b and c are any three integers.
Closure property: Now, a * b = maximum of (a, b) Z for all a,b Z
4. Inverse: Let a A
let us suppose b is inverse of a.
Now, a * b = (a b)/2 ….(1) (By definition of inverse.)
Again, a * b = e = 2 …..(2) (By definition of inverse)
From (1) and (2), it follows that
(a b)/2 = 2
b = (4 / a) A
(A ,*) is a group.
Commutativity: a * b = (ab/2) = (ba/2) = b * a
Hence, (A,*) is an abelian group.
Theorem