First Condition of Equilibrium

Experiment No.
3
FIRST CONDITION OF EQUILIBRIUM
OBJECTIVE:
To verify the first condition of equilibrium.

MATERIALS:
Dynamic kit stands, protractor, weights, pulley system, clamps, ruler, hard cardboard, bond
papers, pencil
THEORY:
The first condition by which an object remains at equilibrium (either at rest, or in straight-line motion
with constant speed) states that the net external force acting on the object must be zero. Any object hangs at
rest if its weight is counteracted by other forces, so that the vector sum of all concurrent forces along the
vertical and horizontal directions is zero. In this activity, the weights hanging on the left, right, and center
objects have considered us tensions on the left, right, and center cords, respectively. If the system remains at
rest, then the sum of the upward components of the tensions in the left and right cords is equal in magnitude
to the weight of the center object. Likewise, the leftward component after the tension in the left cord is equal
in magnitude to the rightward component of the tension in the right cord.
A. Graphical Method:
1. Set up the dynamic kit stand with clamps and pulley system as shown in Figure 1.
2. Hang a number of weights on the left,

center and right cords such that the center weight is less than the sum of the
left and right weights.
3. Give the system a little jerk and let it come to rest.
4. With the use of a hard cardboard, trace the lines of the cords on the band paper. See Figure 2.
5. With a convenient scale of unit length for every weight, (2 cm = 1 weight), Construct graphically the
vector sum of the left, right and center cords. Use the graphing paper provided.
6. Complete table A and reproduce the graphical vector sum of step No.5 just below table A for your final
report.
B. Analytical Method:
1. Reproduce the lines of the trace cords of step #4 in Procedure A in a rectangular coordinate system,
letting the Y-axis coincide with the center line of the cord. Use the same scale adapted in procedure A.
2. Using the protractor, measured angle made by the left and right lines with reference to the X axis of
the rectangular coordinate system.
3. Representing its weight by 2 cm = a unit vector, analytically apply the first condition of equilibrium to
the three forces.
4. Complete table B, showing all your computations in its completion.

Experiment No. 3
FIRST CONDITION OF EQUILIBRIUM
Table A. Scale; 2 cm = 1 weight
NUMBER OF LENGTH OF TRACED

CORD ANGLES IN DEGREES BETWEEN CORDS OF
WEIGHTS LINES (cm)
LEFT (L) 10 15.7 cm LEFT AND RIGHT 144 °
RIGHT (R) 4 10.8 cm RIGHT AND CENTER 124 °
CENTER(C) 12 3.4 cm CENTER AND LEFT 62 °
Graphical Construction of Vectors:
10.8 cm
15.7 cm
62 °
144 ° 124 °
3.4 cm
Ly = L sin θ L Ry = R sin θ L
Ly = 15.7 sin 110 Ry = 10.8 sin 50
Ly = 14.75 Ry = 8.27
Lx = L cos θ L Rx = R cos θ L
Lx = 15.7 cos 110 Rx = 10.8 cos 50
Lx = -5.37 Rx = 6.94
Cy = C sin θ L
Cy = 3.4 sin 270
Cy = -3.4
C x = C cos θ L
C x = 3.4 cos 270
C x=0
Angles with Components
Cord Number of
Length (cm) respect to x
weights X- axis Y-axis
axis
Left 10 15.7 cm 110 -5.37 14.75
Right 4 10.8 cm 50 -6.94 8.27
Center 12 3.4 cm 270 0 -3.4
Total -12.31 19.62
Resultant 15.28 θR=−57.89
R= √ Σ x+ Σ y
R= √−12.31 +19.6 2
2 2
R= 15.28
−1 −1
θR=tan Σ y /Σ xθR=ta n 19.62/−12.31
θR=−57.89
The net External force acting on an object is 0. Is it possible for the object to be traveling with a velocity that is
not zero? Justify your answer.
When a net zero external unbalanced force is applied on the body, it is possible for the object to
be travelling with a non-zero velocity. In fact, once an object comes into motion and there is a condition in
which its motion is unopposed by any external force; the object will continue to remain in motion.
APPLICATIONS:
1. The steel I beam in the drawing has a weight of 8.00 KN and is being lifted at constant velocity. What is
the tension in each cable attached to its ends?
mg=8 kN=8000 N
T ( 2 ) ( sin 70 )=8000 N
8000
=4000
2
4000
=4257 N
sin 70
T =4257 N
2. In the figure below, find T1 and T2.

ΣFx=0 ΣFy =0
ΣFx=T 2 x −T 1 x =0
¿ T 2 cos 53 °−T 1 cos 38 °=0
0=0.6018 T 2−0.7880T 1
ΣFy=T 2 y +T 1 y −500 N =0
0=T 2 sin 53 °+T 1 sin38 ° −500 N =0
0=0.7986 T 2−0.6157 T 1 −500 N
0=0.6018 T 2=0.7880T 1
0.7880T 1
T 2=
0.6018
T 2= 1.3094
0=0.7986(1.3094 T 1)−0.6157 T 1 −500 N

1.0457 T 1+0.6157=500 N
1.6614 T 1=500 N
500
=301 N
1.6614
T 1=301 N
T 2=1.3094 ( 301 N )
T 2=394 N

First Condition of Equilibrium

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

First Condition of Equilibrium

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

First Condition of Equilibrium

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Experiment No.

To verify the first condition of equilibrium.

2. Hang a number of weights on the left,

3. Give the system a little jerk and let it come to rest.

4. Complete table B, showing all your computations in its completion.

Table A. Scale; 2 cm = 1 weight

NUMBER OF LENGTH OF TRACED

LEFT (L) 10 15.7 cm LEFT AND RIGHT 144 °

RIGHT (R) 4 10.8 cm RIGHT AND CENTER 124 °

CENTER(C) 12 3.4 cm CENTER AND LEFT 62 °

Graphical Construction of Vectors:

2. In the figure below, find T1 and T2.

0=0.7986(1.3094 T 1)−0.6157 T 1 −500 N

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.