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Lab Session #1: Theory: Photoconductive Cell

The document describes several components used in a lab session on basic electronics: 1. A photoconductive cell, also called a photoresistor, is a passive component that changes its resistance based on the amount of light received on its surface. 2. A lamp filament produces light through resistive heating when electric current passes through it, exciting electrons and producing visible and infrared light upon their return to lower energy levels. 3. A power amplifier is an electronic amplifier that increases the power of an input signal to drive loads like speakers or transmitters. There are several types including audio, radio frequency, and DC amplifiers.

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Muhammad Abdullah Mobeen
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68 views3 pages

Lab Session #1: Theory: Photoconductive Cell

The document describes several components used in a lab session on basic electronics: 1. A photoconductive cell, also called a photoresistor, is a passive component that changes its resistance based on the amount of light received on its surface. 2. A lamp filament produces light through resistive heating when electric current passes through it, exciting electrons and producing visible and infrared light upon their return to lower energy levels. 3. A power amplifier is an electronic amplifier that increases the power of an input signal to drive loads like speakers or transmitters. There are several types including audio, radio frequency, and DC amplifiers.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Abdullah Mobeen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab session #1

Theory:

Photoconductive cell:
Passive component (doesn’t have the ability to electrically control the flow of charge) also
known as photoresistor and light-dependent resistor works by changing its resistance to
current with respect to the receiving light on the component’s sensitive surface. The
resistance of a photoresistor decreases with increase in incident light intensity.

Figure 1

Lamp filament:
Lamp filament uses a filament (usually tungsten) in an inert gas atmosphere and light is
produced when electric current is allowed to pass through the filament; increasing its
temperature as a result through a resistive effect and hence using this heat energy from the
filament to excite the electrons
from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, followed by release of excess energy in
the form of visible light and infrared light, when excited electrons return to their original or
lower level shells.

Figure 2

Power Amplifier:
A power amplifier is an electronic amplifier designed to increase the magnitude of power of a
given input signal. The power of the input signal is increased to a level high enough to drive
loads of output devices like speakers, headphones, RF transmitters etc.
Types of power amplifier:
I. Audio power amplifier
II. Radio Frequency power amplifier
III. Dc power amplifier

Voltmeter:
A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electric potential difference between two
points in an electric circuit. It is connected in parallel. It usually has a high resistance so that
it takes negligible current from the circuit.

Figure 3

Potentiometer:
A potentiometer is a passive electronic component. Potentiometers work by varying the
position of a sliding contact across a uniform resistance. In a potentiometer, the entire input
voltage is applied across the whole length of the resistor, and the output voltage is the voltage
drop between the fixed and sliding contact as shown in figure below.

Figure 4

Comparator:
A device that compares two voltages or currents and outputs a digital signal indicating which
is larger.
Figure 5

Buzzer:
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm
devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.

Electronic switch:
A switch is a device which is designed to interrupt the current flow in a circuit, in other
words, it can make or break an electrical circuit. Electronic switches do not require any
physical contact in order to control a circuit. These are activated by semiconductor action.

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